Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nitrogenize or tufftride equipment of auto-parts, to solve for the nitrogenize of auto-parts or the prior art of soft-nitriding process, exist auto-parts and the generation of airborne oxygen react and make the surface of described auto-parts occur the problems such as oxidation.
For addressing the above problem and other problems, the invention provides a kind of nitrogenize or tufftride equipment of auto-parts, comprise: for the transmission system of transmission automobile component, between loading end and exhaust end and the preoxidation device sequentially connecting, pre-air interchanger, nitridation device, refrigerating unit and the rear air interchanger between described refrigerating unit and described exhaust end.
Alternatively, described preoxidation device comprises preoxidation chamber, and at described oxidizing chamber, described automobile component carry out pre-oxidation treatment at 350 ℃ to 450 ℃.
Alternatively, described pre-air interchanger comprises: the first vacuum chamber, and described the first vacuum chamber is provided with the door of entering the room, goes out chamber door, aspirating hole and aeration aperture; The first pumped vacuum systems, for described the first vacuum chamber being vacuumized by described aspirating hole, eliminates the oxygen in described the first vacuum chamber; The first inflation system, for described the first vacuum chamber being inflated by described aeration aperture, the gas being filled with is nitrogen.
Alternatively, described nitridation device comprises nitriding furnace, in described nitriding furnace, described automobile component is carried out to nitriding treatment or tufftride processing.
Alternatively, described nitriding furnace further comprises the first nitrogenize district and the second nitrogenize district, and the treatment temp in described the first nitrogenize district is different from the treatment temp in described the second nitrogenize district, and the flow in the first described nitrogenize district is different from the flow in the second described nitrogenize district.
Alternatively, after nitriding treatment or tufftride processing, at described surface of automobile part, generate one deck tectorium, at described automobile component subsurface, generate one deck nitrogen carbon compound layer.
Alternatively, the thickness of described nitrogen carbon compound layer is 10 microns to 30 microns, and described tectorium is 10% to 25% of described nitrogen carbonization compound layer.
Alternatively, described refrigerating unit comprises cooling room, in described cooling room, described automobile component is carried out to slow cooling processing.
Alternatively, described cooling room further comprises gas-gas slow cooling district and water-air water cold-zone; The described automobile component of processing through nitriding treatment or tufftride are placed in to gas-gas slow cooling district to carry out cooling and is cooled to the first cooling temperature; By being placed in water-air water cold-zone through the cooling described automobile component in gas-gas slow cooling district, being undertaken cooling and be cooled to the second cooling temperature, described the second cooling temperature will be lower than described the first cooling temperature.
Alternatively, described rear air interchanger comprises: the second vacuum chamber, and described the second vacuum chamber is provided with the door of entering the room, goes out chamber door, aspirating hole and aeration aperture; Landing system, enters described the second vacuum chamber and described automobile component by the described door of entering the room and is gone out chamber door and rolled away from described the second vacuum chamber by described to control described auto-parts for auto-parts described in landing; The second pumped vacuum systems, for described the second vacuum chamber being vacuumized by described aspirating hole, drains the air in described the second vacuum chamber only, eliminates the oxygen in described the second vacuum chamber; The second inflation system, for described the second vacuum chamber being inflated by described aeration aperture, the gas being filled with is nitrogen.
The nitrogenize of auto-parts of the present invention or tufftride equipment have following effect: can guarantee that automobile component meet nitrogenize or tufftride requirement, especially, between refrigerating unit and exhaust end also additional configuration one rear air interchanger, utilize described rear air interchanger, can before discharging, increase again a scavenging period to carrying out the auto-parts of nitriding treatment or tufftride processing, thereby can avoid described auto-parts and the generation of airborne oxygen react and make the surface of described auto-parts occur oxidation as far as possible, guaranteed described auto-parts attractive in appearance (for example, color even is consistent), its surface quality is reliable and stable (for example, the nitrogen carbon compound layer that nitriding treatment or tufftride form after processing is even, steady quality) and qualification rate high.
Embodiment
Below, by specific specific examples explanation embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by the disclosed content of this specification sheets.The present invention can also be implemented or be applied by other different embodiment, and the every details in this specification sheets also can be based on different viewpoints and application, carries out various modifications or change not deviating under spirit of the present invention.
It should be noted that, appended graphic the illustrated structure of this specification sheets, ratio, size etc., equal contents in order to coordinate specification sheets to disclose only, for person skilled in the art scholar, understand and read, not in order to limit the enforceable qualifications of the present invention, therefore the technical essential meaning of tool not, the adjustment of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionlity or size, not affecting under the effect that the present invention can produce and the object that can reach, all should still drop on disclosed technology contents and obtain in the scope that can contain.Simultaneously, in this specification sheets, quote as " on ", the term of D score, " left side ", " right side ", " centre " and " " etc., also only for ease of understanding of narrating, but not in order to limit the enforceable scope of the present invention, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, under without essence change technology contents, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nitrogenize or tufftride equipment of auto-parts, to solve for the nitrogenize of auto-parts or the prior art of soft-nitriding process, exist auto-parts and the generation of airborne oxygen react and make the surface of described auto-parts occur the problems such as oxidation.It should be noted that, the nitrogenize of auto-parts of the present invention or tufftride equipment are to be applied in automobile component, for carry out nitrogenize or tufftride to automobile component, process.For example, take automobile brake disc as example, automobile brake disc can carry out ferrite carbonitriding (Ferritic Nitro-Carburizing, FNC) technique, FNC technique is a kind of surface heat treatment process, and under rich nitrogen environment, nitrogen-atoms is adsorbed on the outside surface of brake flange, this top layer Corrosion Protection is splendid, thereby and has enough frictional force and ensure effective braking effect.
Refer to Fig. 1, be shown as nitrogenize or the tufftride equipment structured flowchart in one embodiment of auto-parts of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the nitrogenize of auto-parts of the present invention or tufftride equipment 1 comprise: transmission system 10, the preoxidation device 11 between loading end and exhaust end and sequentially connecting, pre-air interchanger 13, nitridation device 15, refrigerating unit 17 and rear air interchanger 19.
Below above-mentioned each integral part is described in detail.
Transmission system 10, for transmission automobile component.Utilize transmission system 10 described automobile component can be feeded, between each device, carry out transmission transfer and will complete described automobile component discharging that nitrogenize or tufftride process etc.In the present embodiment, transmission system 10 can be conventional design, and for example, transmission system 10 can be track type transmission system, comprises driven unit, transmission shaft or transmitting gear and transmission crawler belt etc.Due to, the prior art that transmission system 10 has been well known to those skilled in the art, therefore no longer repeat at this.
Preoxidation device 11, carries out pre-oxidation treatment for the described automobile component to pending.Pre-oxidation treatment is that described automobile component are in a preliminary processes of carrying out doing before nitriding treatment or tufftride processing, pass through pre-oxidation process, not only the residue of described surface of automobile part can be effectively removed, the surfactivity of described automobile component can also be improved by increasing described surface of automobile part roughness.In the present embodiment, described preoxidation device includes a preoxidation chamber, and described automobile component are placed in described oxidizing chamber, at 350 ℃ to 450 ℃, described automobile component is carried out to pre-oxidation treatment.
Pre-air interchanger 13, for processing that described automobile component are taken a breath.The step that described ventilation is processed is actually follow-up nitriding treatment or the tufftride processing additional step before of carrying out.In the present embodiment, pre-air interchanger 13 further comprises: the first vacuum chamber, and described the first vacuum chamber is provided with the door of entering the room, goes out chamber door, aspirating hole and aeration aperture; The first pumped vacuum systems; And first inflation system.In actual applications, particularly, first described automobile component are inserted in described the first vacuum chamber; Afterwards, utilize described the first pumped vacuum systems by described aspirating hole, described the first vacuum chamber to be vacuumized, eliminate the oxygen in described the first vacuum chamber; Then, utilize described the first inflation system by described aeration aperture, described the first vacuum chamber to be inflated, the gas being filled with is for example nitrogen N
2(described nitrogen can directly add N
2or by ammonia NH
3decompose and obtain).
Nitridation device 15, processes for described automobile component being carried out to nitriding treatment or tufftride.Nitriding treatment or tufftride are processed and are referred to the chemical heat treatment process that makes nitrogen-atoms infiltration workpiece surface in a kind of certain medium at a certain temperature, and the goods that via nitride is processed have excellent wear resistance, resistance to fatigue, solidity to corrosion and resistant to elevated temperatures characteristic.In the present embodiment, described nitridation device comprises special-purpose nitriding furnace, in described nitriding furnace, described automobile component is carried out to nitriding treatment or tufftride processing.It is example that the automobile brake disc of take carries out ferrite carbonitriding (Ferritic Nitro-Carburizing, FNC) technique, in described ferrite carbonitriding FNC processes, comprising: in described nitriding furnace, pass into ammonia NH
3with carbonic acid gas CO
2, determine described ammonia NH
3(described ammonia NH
3be heated and can be decomposed into nitrogen N
2with hydrogen H
2) flow and described carbonic acid gas CO
2flow, control pressure in the stove for the treatment of temp, soaking time and described nitriding furnace.The nitriding furnace of described special use can be the main stove of carbonitriding, controls the interior pressure of stove of described nitriding furnace at 370Pa to 430Pa(preferably, and in the stove of described nitriding furnace, pressure is 400Pa), maintain indoor positive pressure, thereby guarantee product quality.Preferably, described nitriding furnace more can further be included as Liang Ge nitrogenize district, for example, the first nitrogenize district and the second nitrogenize district, wherein, described the first nitrogenize district has the first treatment temp, and described the second nitrogenize district has the second treatment temp, first treatment temp in described the first nitrogenize district is different from second treatment temp in described the second nitrogenize district, and the gas flow in the first described nitrogenize district is different from the gas flow in the second described nitrogenize district.Particularly, in actual applications, the second nitriding temperature in the first nitriding temperature in described the first nitrogenize district and described the second nitrogenize district can be according to actual state (for example, processing requirement, working condition, the kind of pending automobile component and characteristic thereof etc.) and arrange flexibly, for example, in one embodiment, the second nitriding temperature in can described the second nitrogenize district is set to higher than the first nitriding temperature in described the first nitrogenize district, but not as limit, under other situations, also the second nitriding temperature in can described the second nitrogenize district is set to lower than the first nitriding temperature in described the first nitrogenize district.Further, for the gas passing into, can, according to the volume in the volume in described the first nitrogenize district and described the second nitrogenize district, determine respectively described ammonia NH separately in nitriding furnace
3flow and described carbonic acid gas CO
2flow.
Thus, utilize 15 pairs of described automobile component of nitridation device to carry out after nitriding treatment or tufftride processing, can generate one deck tectorium at described surface of automobile part, at described automobile component subsurface, generate one deck nitrogen carbon compound layer, described tectorium is to be positioned at outside described nitrogen carbon compound layer.In actual applications, the thickness of described nitrogen carbon compound layer can be for 10 microns (um) be to 30 microns (um), and described tectorium is 10% to 25% of described nitrogen carbonization compound layer.This nitrogen oxycarbide layer and the described tectorium that form have high wear resistance and oxidation-resistance, and can improve the erosion resistance of described automobile component.
Refrigerating unit 17 is for carrying out cooling process to described automobile component.In the present embodiment, refrigerating unit comprises cooling room, in described cooling room, described automobile component is carried out to slow cooling processing.For obtaining good cooling performance and guaranteeing that described automobile component controlling dimension in process of cooling changes and guarantees that stress fully eliminates, therefore, in the present embodiment, utilize slow cooling processing mode, can avoid described automobile component because speed of cooling is too fast, to cause that inhomogeneous cooling is even, size can even variation meet quality product requirement.Preferably, described cooling room further comprises gas-gas slow cooling district and water-air water cold-zone, in actual applications, carrying out slow cooling processes and to comprise: first the described automobile component of processing through nitriding treatment or tufftride are placed in to gas-gas slow cooling district and carry out cooling and be cooled to the first cooling temperature; By being placed in water-air water cold-zone through the cooling described automobile component in gas-gas slow cooling district, being undertaken cooling and be cooled to the second cooling temperature again, described the second cooling temperature will be lower than described the first cooling temperature.Existing, it is example that the automobile brake disc of still take carries out ferrite carbonitriding FNC technique, for the slow cooling of automobile brake disc, process and comprise: first the described automobile component through nitriding treatment or tufftride processing are placed in to gas-gas slow cooling district and carry out cooling, slow cooling district design temperature is 300 ℃ to 330 ℃, the pressure in described gas-gas slow cooling district is controlled at 310Pa to 330Pa, and the speed of cooling of controlling described automobile component is 5.5 ℃/min to 6.5 ℃/min; By being placed in water-air water cold-zone through the cooling described automobile component in gas-gas slow cooling district, undertaken cooling, described water-air water cold-zone design temperature is below 150 ℃, the pressure of described water-air water cold-zone is controlled at 280Pa to 320Pa, the speed of cooling of controlling described automobile component is 4 ℃/min to 4.5 ℃/min, and controlling cooling time is 15 minutes to 18 minutes.
As from the foregoing, utilize 17 pairs of described automobile component of refrigerating unit to carry out slow cooling processing, can control the speed of cooling of described automobile component, make described automobile component slow cooling as far as possible, control the variation of described vehicle element size and the stress of described automobile component is fully eliminated.
Rear air interchanger 19 for before described automobile component discharging to the processing of taking a breath of described automobile component.In the present embodiment, rear air interchanger 19 further comprises: the second vacuum chamber, and described the second vacuum chamber is provided with the door of entering the room, goes out chamber door, aspirating hole and aeration aperture; Landing system, enters described the second vacuum chamber and described automobile component by the described door of entering the room and is gone out chamber door and rolled away from described the second vacuum chamber by described to control described auto-parts for auto-parts described in landing; The second pumped vacuum systems, for described the second vacuum chamber being vacuumized by described aspirating hole, drains the air in described the second vacuum chamber only, eliminates the oxygen in described the second vacuum chamber; The second inflation system, for described the second vacuum chamber being inflated by described aeration aperture, the gas being filled with is nitrogen.In actual applications, particularly, first, open the door of entering the room of described the second vacuum chamber, utilize described landing system that described automobile component are inserted in described the second vacuum chamber; Afterwards, the door of entering the room described in closing, utilizes described the second pumped vacuum systems by described aspirating hole, described the second vacuum chamber to be vacuumized, and eliminates the oxygen in described the second vacuum chamber; Then, utilize described the second inflation system by described aeration aperture, described the second vacuum chamber to be inflated, the gas being filled with is for example nitrogen N
2(described nitrogen can directly add N
2or by ammonia NH
3decompose and obtain); Finally, described in can opening, go out chamber door, utilize described landing system that described automobile component are taken out in described the second vacuum chamber, and by described transmission system, described automobile component are given to discharging.
As from the foregoing, after utilizing, air interchanger 19 vacuumizes in the second vacuum chamber, and then fills nitrogen, opens afterwards described the second vacuum chamber, described automobile component are taken out, thereby can prevent described automobile component because of excess Temperature oxidized.Here, the object of described vacuum chamber is in order to take a breath fully, to eliminate oxygen in air, prevent that described automobile component are oxidized, guarantee that described automobile component color even is consistent, guaranteeing its surface quality.
In sum, the nitrogenize of auto-parts of the present invention or tufftride equipment have following effect: can guarantee that automobile component meet nitrogenize or tufftride requirement, especially, between refrigerating unit and exhaust end also additional configuration one rear air interchanger, utilize described rear air interchanger, can before discharging, increase again a scavenging period to carrying out the auto-parts of nitriding treatment or tufftride processing, thereby can avoid described auto-parts and the generation of airborne oxygen react and make the surface of described auto-parts occur oxidation as far as possible, guaranteed described auto-parts attractive in appearance (for example, color even is consistent), its surface quality (for example, the nitrogen carbon compound layer that nitriding treatment or tufftride form after processing is even, steady quality) and qualification rate high, there is very high industry using value.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can, under spirit of the present invention and category, modify or change above-described embodiment.Therefore, such as in affiliated technical field, have and conventionally know that the knowledgeable, not departing from all equivalence modifications that complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought or changing, must be contained by claim of the present invention.