CN103588272B - A kind of preparation method of inorganic flocculating agent and utilize the enhanced coagulation method of its process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of inorganic flocculating agent and utilize the enhanced coagulation method of its process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The preparation method of inorganic flocculating agent and utilize the enhanced coagulation method of its process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body, it relates to a kind of preparation method of novel flocculation agent and utilizes the enhanced coagulation method of its process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body.The present invention be to solve existing for the treatment of low temperature, low turbid and high organism is a kind of and the conventional coagulating agent of the difficult water body of multiple compound and coagulation process are different time possess efficient, cheap, nontoxic and preparation process simple question.Preparation method: by dispersed for certain density water glass solution certain density metal salt solution, after stirring slaking, to obtain final product.Enhanced coagulation method: first add traditional coagulating agent at the mix stages of water treatment technological process, inorganic flocculating agent is added again after hybrid reaction, then the water pipe between settling tank and conveying pump station or the Chi Tizhong of settling tank add alkali lye, adjust ph, namely complete.The present invention can be used for tap water, sanitary sewage and Industrial Wastewater Treatment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water treatment field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of novel flocculation agent and utilize the enhanced coagulation method of its process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body.
Background technology
Low temperature, low turbid, high organism and the coagulating treatment of high chroma water body caused by the natural organic matter of high-content are the difficulties of water treatment field always, are also one of problems in the urgent need to address.Especially some are high and cold, forestry vegetation bestrewing rate is high and be subject to the area of industrial heavily contaminated, when utilizing the earth surface water source in these areas as tap water water source, often occur these difficulties above-mentioned.At present, the water technology overwhelming majority of waterworks is coagulation-precipitation-filtration-sterilization conventional water treatment process, and s-generation ozone and activated carbon technique and the third generation are that the coupling technique of core is also all using common process as pre-treatment with film.Therefore, coagulation effect directly determines the processing load of subsequent technique and whole water technology treatment effect, is the key link in water treatment process.
Low-temperature and low turbidity has significant impact to coagulation effect.When water temperature is too low, flocs unit is formed slowly, and coagulated particles is tiny, and coagulation effect is poor, mainly contains the problem of several aspect: (1) inorganic coagulant hydrolysis reaction is thermo-negative reaction, and when water temperature is low, coagulating agent hydrolysis slowly; (2), when water temperature is low, the viscosity of water becomes large, and the resistance of colloidal solid motion increases, and affects the effective collision between colloid and flocculation; (3) when water temperature is low, the pedesis of the colloidal solid in water weakens, and is unfavorable for the incorgruous flocculation taking off steady colloidal solid.When turbidity particle concentration is too low, the probability of collision between particle reduces greatly, and coagulation effect is deteriorated.If raw water turbidity is low and water temperature is low, be namely commonly referred to " low temperature and low turbidity water ", coagulating treatment difficulty is larger.
Organic pollutant in water is also an important aspect on the impact of coagulation effect; organic pollutant in drinking water source has protection stabilization to colloid; namely in water, deliquescent organic molecule is adsorbed on colloidal solid thing surface as defining one deck organic coating; colloidal solid is protected; hinder the collision between colloidal solid; hinder the de-steady agglutination between coagulating agent and colloidal solid; comparatively without organic water body, need the throwing amount increasing coagulating agent could obtain good coagulation effect.
Coagulating agent of a great variety, but coagulating agent the most frequently used is at present polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC), but for difficult water bodys of one or more combinations such as low temperature, low turbid, high organism, simple just seems helpless by polymerize aluminum chloride, even if be also only impracticable by the enhanced coagulation method of increase consuming amount of concrete.Common solution has: prechlorination, Potassium Permanganate Preoxidation, Composite Potassium Permanganate preoxidation, biological pre-oxidation and add the pre-treatment such as Powdered Activated Carbon strengthening; Use coagulant aids; Improve coagulation hydraulics etc.Wherein preprocessing means is mainly in high Organic pollutants water body, really can play good effect to some water quality water body, but preoxidation needs to increase certain initial cost, increases adding equipment etc.Use coagulant aids mainly for low-temperature and low turbidity water body, conventional coagulant aids has the inorganic polymer flocculants such as activated silicic acid, polyacrylamide (PAM) and various polysilicate coagulants newly developed, the organic polymer coargulator such as chitosan, biological flocculant.Activated silicic acid has good effect to low-temperature and low turbidity water body, and the 80s and 90s in water factory's practical application, but exists in activated silicic acid layoutprocedure aggressive chemistry medicaments such as needing use sulfuric acid, and the bad control of polyreaction; Polyacrylamide (PAM) also has use in waterworks, but PAM monomer is poisonous, prohibit the use at present, polysilicate coagulant also rests on laboratory stage at present substantially, large-scale commercial is produced also exists certain problem, liquid coagulating agent transport comparatively bothers, and solid-state coagulating agent actual effect can be had a greatly reduced quality; Organic polymer coargulator is expensive.
For Organic pollutants water body, the Mixing enhancement+ especially containing a large amount of soil ulmin, current current research conclusion is that under acidic conditions, soil ulmin has higher coagulation removal effect.Therefore external in order to realize this purpose, before water factory's treatment process coagulation stage, increase carbonic acid gas add, reduce the efficient removal of pH value realization to soil ulmin of source water.But the method high cost of this reduction pH value, is not suitable for large-scale redevelopment and popularization.By directly adding sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid adjustment, also there is the problem of a bit, if pH can not control preferably, the flocculating effect of conventional coagulating agent can be affected on the contrary, thus uncommon in actual applications.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be to solve existing for the treatment of low temperature, low turbid and high organism is a kind of and the conventional coagulating agent of the difficult water body of multiple compound and coagulation process are different time possess efficient, cheap, nontoxic and preparation process simple question, and a kind of preparation method of inorganic flocculating agent is provided and utilizes it to process the enhanced coagulation method of low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body.
The preparation method of a kind of inorganic flocculating agent of the present invention, carries out according to the following steps:
Water glass solution is dispersed in metal salt solution, after stirring slaking, namely obtains inorganic flocculating agent; Wherein said water glass solution is natrium brine glass solution or sylvite water glass solution; Described metal salt solution is iron salt solutions, aluminum salt solution or molysite aluminium mixed salt solution, and the molysite in described iron salt solutions is iron(ic) chloride, ferric sulfate or iron nitrate, and the aluminium salt in described aluminum salt solution is aluminum chloride, Tai-Ace S 150 or aluminum nitrate.
Utilize the enhanced coagulation method of above-mentioned inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body, carry out according to the following steps:
Traditional coagulating agent is first added at the mix stages of water treatment technological process, inorganic flocculating agent is added again after hybrid reaction 1min ~ 10min, then the water pipe between settling tank and conveying pump station or the Chi Tizhong of settling tank add alkali lye, adjust ph is 6.5 ~ 8.5, namely completes the enhanced coagulation process of low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body; The dosage of described traditional coagulating agent is 5mg/L ~ 80mg/L; The dosage of described inorganic flocculating agent is 0.005% ~ 0.1% of the process water yield.
The present invention can be used for, to the coagulating treatment of low temperature, low turbid or high organism water body, sanitary sewage and trade effluent, compared with traditional coagulating agent and coagulation method, having following obvious advantage:
One, the inorganic flocculating agent utilizing the present invention to prepare and enhanced coagulation method, highly effective coagulation process can be carried out to low temperature, low turbid or high organism water body, especially 5% ~ 20% can be improved to organic clearance, in addition, higher to the organic matter water body such as sanitary sewage, trade effluent has stronger adaptive faculty;
Two, the throwing amount of traditional coagulating agent of 20% ~ 50% can be reduced, in coagulation process, floc particle size is large, closely knit, can precipitate rapidly in post precipitation pond, alleviate because of the not good pressure to filter tank of coagulation effect, decrease back flushing number of times, and, the effect of flocculation agent and enhanced coagulation is substantially by the impact of low temperature, low turbid and technique pH value condition, better to the adaptability of water technology;
Three, the inorganic flocculating agent prepared of the present invention is nontoxic, and preparation process is simple;
Four, the present invention is easy to get for the preparation of the raw material of inorganic flocculating agent, and cheap, reduces the preparation cost of inorganic flocculating agent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is test one inorganic flocculating agent preparation technology schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the enhanced coagulation process schematic representation of the inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body utilizing test one to prepare.
Embodiment
Embodiment is only optimal way of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment one: the preparation method of a kind of inorganic flocculating agent of present embodiment, carry out according to the following steps:
Water glass solution is dispersed in metal salt solution, after stirring slaking, namely obtains inorganic flocculating agent; Wherein said water glass solution is natrium brine glass solution or sylvite water glass solution; Described metal salt solution is iron salt solutions, aluminum salt solution or molysite aluminium mixed salt solution, and the molysite in described iron salt solutions is iron(ic) chloride, ferric sulfate or iron nitrate, and the aluminium salt in described aluminum salt solution is aluminum chloride, Tai-Ace S 150 or aluminum nitrate.
When metal salt solution described in present embodiment is molysite aluminium mixed salt solution, molysite and aluminium salt are mixed by any ratio.
Inorganic flocculating agent prepared by present embodiment is nontoxic, and preparation process is simple.
Present embodiment is easy to get for the preparation of the raw material of inorganic flocculating agent, and cheap, reduces the preparation cost of inorganic flocculating agent.
Inorganic flocculating agent prepared by present embodiment can be used for the coagulating treatment to low temperature, low turbid or high organism water body, sanitary sewage and trade effluent, factor low temperature, low turbid, high organism etc. being affected to coagulation effect has higher adaptive faculty, in coagulation process, floc particle size is large, closely knit, can precipitate rapidly in post precipitation pond, alleviate because of the not good pressure to filter tank of coagulation effect, decrease back flushing number of times.
It is few that inorganic flocculating agent prepared by present embodiment has throwing amount, to turbidity and organic removal effect good, particularly flocculation agent preparation method is simple, be applicable to can preparing under water factory does the condition of a small amount of transformation between to dosing, require low to production technology and operant level, the reagent cost adopted is low, can be widely used in water treatment field.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one unlike: by SiO
2mass concentration be 0.25% ~ 28% the water glass solution mass concentration that is dispersed in metal ion be in the metal salt solution of 0.1% ~ 5.0%, after stirring slaking, namely obtain inorganic flocculating agent; Wherein said SiO
2mass concentration be SiO in the water glass solution of 0.25% ~ 28%
2the mol ratio being metal ion in the metal salt solution of 0.1% ~ 5.0% with the mass concentration of metal ion is (0.1 ~ 5): 1.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment two unlike: by SiO
2mass concentration be 0.5% ~ 5% the water glass solution mass concentration that is dispersed in metal ion be in the metal salt solution of 0.5% ~ 3.5%, after stirring slaking, namely obtain inorganic flocculating agent; Wherein said SiO
2mass concentration be SiO in the water glass solution of 0.5% ~ 5%
2the mol ratio being metal ion in the metal salt solution of 0.5% ~ 3.5% with the mass concentration of metal ion is (0.1 ~ 2): 1.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: present embodiment and one of embodiment one to three unlike: method water glass solution being dispersed in metal salt solution is that rapid stirring mixes, static mixer mixes, jet mixer mixes or impinging streams mixer mixes.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four, unlike the preparation method of inorganic flocculating agent, to be carried out: according to the following steps by SiO
2mass concentration be 1.4% natrium brine glass solution be dispersed in the mixing solutions of iron(ic) chloride and Tai-Ace S 150, stir slaking 2h, namely obtain inorganic flocculating agent; Wherein said SiO
2mass concentration be SiO in the natrium brine glass solution of 1.4%
2with Fe in the mixing solutions of iron(ic) chloride and Tai-Ace S 150
3+mol ratio be 1:1; Described SiO
2mass concentration be SiO in the natrium brine glass solution of 1.4%
2with Al in the mixing solutions of iron(ic) chloride and Tai-Ace S 150
3+mol ratio be 1:1.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
The inorganic flocculating agent stability obtained by the preparation method of present embodiment is better, there is good Coagulation aiding, and traditional coagulating agent with the use of, especially to natural organic matter, there is higher clearance to turbidity, the flco produced after coagulation is large and closely knit, does not substantially affect by low-temperature and low turbidity.
Embodiment six: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five unlike: the curing time is 30min ~ 24h.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: the enhanced coagulation method of the inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body utilizing one of embodiment one to six either type to prepare, carry out according to the following steps:
Traditional coagulating agent is first added at the mix stages of water treatment technological process, inorganic flocculating agent is added again after hybrid reaction 1min ~ 10min, then the water pipe between settling tank and conveying pump station or the Chi Tizhong of settling tank add alkali lye, adjust ph is 6.5 ~ 8.5, namely completes the enhanced coagulation process of low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body; The dosage of described traditional coagulating agent is 5mg/L ~ 80mg/L; The dosage of described inorganic flocculating agent is 0.005% ~ 0.1% of the process water yield.
Utilize the enhanced coagulation method of present embodiment, highly effective coagulation process can be carried out to low temperature, low turbid or high organism water body, especially improve 5% ~ 20% to organic clearance, in addition, the water body such as sanitary sewage, trade effluent higher to organic matter has stronger adaptive faculty.
The enhanced coagulation method of present embodiment, the throwing amount of traditional coagulating agent of 20% ~ 50% can be reduced, in coagulation process, floc particle size is large, closely knit, can precipitate rapidly in post precipitation pond, alleviate because of the not good pressure to filter tank of coagulation effect, decrease back flushing number of times, and the effect of flocculation agent and enhanced coagulation is substantially by the impact of low temperature, low turbid and technique pH value condition, better to the adaptability of water technology.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment and embodiment seven unlike: described traditional coagulating agent is Tai-Ace S 150, iron trichloride, polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, aluminium iron polychloride or polymer phosphate aluminium.Other is identical with embodiment seven.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment and embodiment seven or eight unlike: the dosage of described inorganic flocculating agent is process the water yield 0.01% ~ 0.05%.Other is identical with embodiment seven or eight.
Embodiment ten: one of present embodiment and embodiment seven to nine are unlike the enhanced coagulation method of the inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body utilizing one of embodiment one to six either type to prepare, carry out according to the following steps: first add polymerize aluminum chloride at the mix stages of water treatment technological process, inorganic flocculating agent is added again after hybrid reaction 5min, then the water pipe between settling tank and conveying pump station or the Chi Tizhong of settling tank add alkali lye, adjust ph is 6.5 ~ 8.5, namely the enhanced coagulation process of low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body is completed, the dosage of described polymerize aluminum chloride is 45mg/L, the dosage of described inorganic flocculating agent is 0.03% of the process water yield.Other is identical with one of embodiment seven to nine.
After adopting enhanced coagulation method of the present invention, polymerize aluminum chloride throwing amount reduces by 25%, the turbidity of output water is reduced to 0.5NTU ~ 1NTU by original 5NTU ~ 70NTU, permanganate indices is reduced to 3mg/L ~ 4mg/L by the 10mg/L ~ 14mg/L of former water, and the flco produced in flocculation process is large and closely knit, reduce the back flushing frequency in filter tank.
Adopt following verification experimental verification effect of the present invention:
Test one: composition graphs 1, a kind of preparation method of inorganic flocculating agent, carries out according to the following steps:
The natrium brine glass of certain volume is joined sodium silicate dissolving tank 5 from water glass conservation tank 1, add tap water and configure certain density natrium brine glass solution, respectively the Tai-Ace S 150 of certain mass, iron(ic) chloride are joined dissolving tank for aluminum 2, iron(ic) chloride dissolving tank 3, after dissolving, join inorganic flocculating agent Preparation tank 7; Start blower fan 4 and stir inorganic flocculating agent Preparation tank 7 by aeration perforated pipe 8, while stirring, the water glass solution configured is joined inorganic flocculating agent Preparation tank 7 from sodium silicate dissolving tank 5 slowly through perforated pipe 6, after the slaking regular hour, namely inorganic flocculating agent is obtained, namely available pump 9 is extracted into inorganic flocculating agent grug feeding jar 10, adds tap water technique specific position toss area 12 with dosing volume pump 11.
In this test, be SiO in sodium silicate dissolving tank 5
2mass concentration be 1.4% natrium brine glass solution; Fe in iron(ic) chloride dissolving tank 3
3+mass concentration be the ferric chloride Solution of 1.38%; Al in dissolving tank for aluminum 2
3+mass concentration be the alum liquor of 1.26%; And SiO in inorganic flocculating agent Preparation tank 7
2with Fe
3+mol ratio be 1:1, SiO
2with Al
3+mol ratio be 1:1; Curing time is 2h.
The inorganic flocculating agent stability obtained by this preparation method is better, there is good Coagulation aiding, and traditional coagulating agent with the use of, especially to natural organic matter, there is higher clearance to turbidity, the flco produced after coagulation is large and closely knit, does not substantially affect by low-temperature and low turbidity.
Test two: this test is the enhanced coagulation method of the inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body utilizing test one to prepare, and carries out according to the following steps:
Inorganic flocculating agent prepared by test one is applied to certain waterworks, waterworks process total Water is 30,000 tons/day, enhanced coagulation process schematic representation as shown in Figure 2, water intake pumping station 13 is fetched water from certain reservoir, successively through static mixing 14, grid flocculation 15, tube settler 16, conventional rapid filter 17, clean water basin 18, be then delivered to water supply network through conveying pump station 19; Polymerize aluminum chloride 20 is added in static mixing 14, inorganic flocculating agent 21 is added after hybrid reaction 5min, adding sodium hydroxide solution 22 adjust ph at the total water outlet of tube settler 16 is 6.5 ~ 8.5, before entering clean water basin 18, add dioxide peroxide 23 carry out disinfection, namely complete the enhanced coagulation process of low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body.
This waterworks water quality belongs to low temperature especially in the winter time, low turbid, the extremely difficult water body of high soil ulmin, water temperature in winter is minimum can reach 1 DEG C ~ 2 DEG C, turbidity is 5NTU ~ 70NTU, permanganate indices is 10mg/L ~ 14mg/L, adopt common polymerize aluminum chloride consuming amount of concrete to reach more than 60mg/L to be also difficult to obtain good coagulation effect, flco is tiny is difficult to precipitation, after adopting the present invention's inorganic flocculating agent of testing a preparation and enhanced coagulation method of the present invention, in this test, polymerize aluminum chloride throwing amount is 45mg/L, liquid inorganic flocculating agent dosage is 0.03% of the process water yield.The turbidity of output water is reduced to 0.5NTU ~ 1NTU by original 5NTU ~ 70NTU, and permanganate indices is reduced to 3mg/L ~ 4mg/L by the 10mg/L ~ 14mg/L of former water, and the flco produced in flocculation process is large and closely knit, reduces the back flushing frequency in filter tank.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method for inorganic flocculating agent, is characterized in that the preparation method of inorganic flocculating agent carries out according to the following steps:
Water glass solution is dispersed in metal salt solution, after stirring slaking, namely obtains inorganic flocculating agent; Wherein said water glass solution is natrium brine glass solution or sylvite water glass solution; Described metal salt solution is iron salt solutions or molysite aluminium mixed salt solution, and described molysite is iron(ic) chloride, ferric sulfate or iron nitrate, and described aluminium salt is aluminum chloride, Tai-Ace S 150 or aluminum nitrate;
By SiO
2mass concentration be 0.25% ~ 28% the water glass solution mass concentration that is dispersed in metal ion be in the metal salt solution of 0.1% ~ 5.0%, after stirring slaking, namely obtain inorganic flocculating agent;
Described SiO
2mass concentration be SiO in the water glass solution of 0.25% ~ 28%
2the mol ratio being metal ion in the metal salt solution of 0.1% ~ 5.0% with the mass concentration of metal ion is (0.1 ~ 5): 1;
The time of described slaking is 30min ~ 24h.
2. the preparation method of a kind of inorganic flocculating agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that SiO
2mass concentration be 0.5% ~ 5% the water glass solution mass concentration that is dispersed in metal ion be in the metal salt solution of 0.5% ~ 3.5%, after stirring slaking, namely obtain inorganic flocculating agent; Wherein said SiO
2mass concentration be SiO in the water glass solution of 0.5% ~ 5%
2the mol ratio being metal ion in the metal salt solution of 0.5% ~ 3.5% with the mass concentration of metal ion is (0.1 ~ 2): 1.
3. the preparation method of a kind of inorganic flocculating agent according to claim 1 and 2, the method that it is characterized in that water glass solution to be dispersed in metal salt solution is rapid stirring mixing, static mixer mixing, jet mixer mixing or impinging streams mixer mixing.
4. the enhanced coagulation method of the inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body utilizing the preparation method of a kind of inorganic flocculating agent as claimed in claim 3 to obtain, is characterized in that utilizing the enhanced coagulation method of inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body to carry out according to the following steps:
Traditional coagulating agent is first added at the mix stages of water treatment technological process, inorganic flocculating agent is added again after hybrid reaction 1min ~ 10min, then the water pipe between settling tank and conveying pump station or the Chi Tizhong of settling tank add alkali lye, adjust ph is 6.5 ~ 8.5, namely completes the enhanced coagulation process of low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body; The dosage of described traditional coagulating agent is 5mg/L ~ 80mg/L; The dosage of described inorganic flocculating agent is 0.005% ~ 0.1% of the process water yield.
5. the enhanced coagulation method of the inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body utilizing the preparation method of a kind of inorganic flocculating agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2 to obtain, is characterized in that utilizing the enhanced coagulation method of inorganic flocculating agent process low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body to carry out according to the following steps:
Traditional coagulating agent is first added at the mix stages of water treatment technological process, inorganic flocculating agent is added again after hybrid reaction 1min ~ 10min, then the water pipe between settling tank and conveying pump station or the Chi Tizhong of settling tank add alkali lye, adjust ph is 6.5 ~ 8.5, namely completes the enhanced coagulation process of low-temperature and low turbidity height organism water body; The dosage of described traditional coagulating agent is 5mg/L ~ 80mg/L; The dosage of described inorganic flocculating agent is 0.005% ~ 0.1% of the process water yield.
6. enhanced coagulation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that described traditional coagulating agent is Tai-Ace S 150, iron trichloride, polymerize aluminum chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, aluminium iron polychloride or polymer phosphate aluminium.
7. enhanced coagulation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that the dosage of described inorganic flocculating agent is 0.01% ~ 0.05% of the process water yield.
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| CN104591410B (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2016-09-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of for composite flocculation agent processing low temperature and low turbidity water and preparation method thereof |
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