CN103585856A - Multi-backflow pressure swing adsorption method - Google Patents
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- CN103585856A CN103585856A CN201310558091.6A CN201310558091A CN103585856A CN 103585856 A CN103585856 A CN 103585856A CN 201310558091 A CN201310558091 A CN 201310558091A CN 103585856 A CN103585856 A CN 103585856A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-backflow pressure swing adsorption method. The purity and the yield of a product are further improved by backflowing part of product gas to a tower for replacing in the process. Each absorption tower comprises one or more steps of absorption, pressure drop balancing, replacement, clockwise discharge, inverted discharge, evacuation, pressure rising balance, light component pressure rising, and at least two product gases are produced discontinuously or continuously by circularly switching the working. The multi-backflow pressure swing adsorption method can be applied to separation of mixed gases of binary gas phase systems and ternary gas phase systems. The method can be applied to separation of the mixed gases of the binary gas phase systems and ternary gas phase systems, and two pure components or a gas product of the two pure components and one enriched intermediate component can be obtained by using the pressure swinging absorption method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the separation method of a kind of pressure-variable adsorption separating binary and three-element mixed gas body, particularly a kind of pressure-changeable gas-adsorption separation method that contains multiple reflow step.
Background technology
Pressure swing adsorption, as a kind of novel separation method, is widely used in the Separation & Purification field of gas.Along with going deep into of research, its application is also in continuous expansion.For example from air, isolate nitrogen, oxygen, from synthesis gas, separation obtains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, isolates methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide etc. from natural gas.Pressure swing adsorption technique is to utilize the adsorbance of gas with various on adsorbent and the difference of the rate of adsorption, High Pressure Absorption, and the principle of low pressure desorb is carried out separating mixed gas.
Tradition pressure-changeable gas-adsorption separation method can only obtain a kind of product conventionally, wants mostly adopting the method for multistage pressure-variable adsorption or introduce displacement step to difficult absorbed component and easy absorbed component of while.Multiple process makes the whole investment of device become huge, and it is complicated that operation becomes; Passable to two kinds of gas products by introducing after displacement step, but can only reach the method that improves two kinds of product purities as surge tank to increase adsorption tower number or auxiliary equipment, and also displacement tail gas generally will reclaim to improve yield again.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved pressure swing adsorption technique, overcome the problems referred to above that exist in prior art, reduce system dynamics consumption and fixed investment expense.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
A kind of pressure swing absorption process refluxing more, adopt adsorption tower parallel way to be connected, and surge tank, vavuum pump and compressor be set in pipeline, pending unstrpped gas is being realized to the multi-reflow of gas between at the bottom of the tower top of adsorption tower in parallel or tower by surge tank, vavuum pump and compressor between adsorption tower in parallel, to realize the separation of component in unstrpped gas, to obtain the tower of light component, adsorption tower at the tower top of adsorption tower at the bottom of, obtain heavy constituent.
In described adsorption tower, pack a kind of in activated alumina, Kiselgel A, activated carbon or molecular sieve into.
Separation for binary composition.Adopt double tower paralleling model, the flow chart of the separated air of two tower pressure-variable adsorptions as shown in Figure 1:
The first adsorption tower (being designated A in figure) is in parallel with the second adsorption tower (being designated B in figure), the first control valve V-1 is set on the pipeline between the first adsorption tower and raw material gas inlet, the second control valve V-2 is set on the pipeline between the second adsorption tower and raw material gas inlet;
Tower top at described the first adsorption tower is connected with the tower top of the second adsorption tower by pipeline, and the 5th control valve V-5 is set on both connecting lines; Tower top at described the first adsorption tower is connected with light component receiving system (not marking in figure) by pipeline, and the 3rd control valve V-3 is set on pipeline; Tower top at described second absorption tower is connected with light component receiving system (not marking in figure) by pipeline, and the 4th control valve V-4 is set on pipeline;
At the bottom of the tower of described the first adsorption tower, by pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and the 6th control valve V-6 is set on pipeline, also by pipeline, be connected with compressor, and the 8th control valve V-8 is set on pipeline; At the bottom of the tower of described second absorption tower, by pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and the 7th control valve V-7 is set on pipeline, also by pipeline, be connected with compressor, and the 9th control valve V-9 is set on pipeline;
Described vavuum pump is connected with surge tank by pipeline respectively with compressor.
When carrying out pressure-variable adsorption, adopt two adsorption towers arranged side by side, the easy adsorbed gas in unstripped gas, through adsorption tower Adsorption Concentration, is difficult for to absorbed component and flows out from tower top, obtain multiple product gas, each circulation of its technological process comprises absorption, step-down, finds time, charging, boost:
(1) described feed entrance point is a certain position charging in the middle of adsorption tower, and optimum is chosen gas phase composition in tower and formed with unstripped gas the point charging equating.Charging can be selected two kinds of modes of lower pressure column low pressure feed and high-pressure tower high pressure charging.
(2) described adsorption process forces partial reflux displacement to be difficult for absorbed component for heavy constituent at the bottom of adopting tower, make its from overhead extraction part as light product part for the lower pressure column flushing of boosting.
Above-mentioned adsorption process is specially: low pressure unstripped gas enters from adsorption tower A middle part by imported valve, from the adsorption production that is difficult for of adsorption tower B top extraction, be partly refluxed to adsorption tower A top, adsorption tower A carries out desorb by vavuum pump commute absorbed component in bottom simultaneously; Tower A is connected boost pressure with tower B, and the method for all pressing can adopt tower top-tower top, at the bottom of tower-and mode at the bottom of tower; By passing into adsorption tower A after the easy absorbed component pressurization obtaining in vacuum buffer tank, it is boosted; After reaching pressure, by metathesis, from tower A top extraction, be difficult for absorbed component, when easy absorbed component will stop displacement step when tower top penetrates; By connecting tower A and tower B, carry out drop pressure; After pressure decreased, with vavuum pump, find time to obtain easy absorbed component and send into vacuum buffer tank, part is as easily absorbed component product extraction simultaneously.
For the separation of ternary component, adopt multitower paralleling model, wherein the flow chart of the separated air of eight tower pressure-variable adsorptions is as shown in Figure 3:
Described the first adsorption tower (A tower) tower top is connected with light component surge tank by the 5th pipeline, and in the 5th pipeline, control valve V5-A is set; The tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through connecting line separately and is connected with the 5th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V5-B to V5-H) is being set separately;
Described the first adsorption tower (A tower) tower top is connected with intermediate species surge tank by the 7th pipeline, and in the 7th pipeline, control valve V7-A is set; The tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through connecting line separately and is connected with the 7th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V7-B to V7-H) is being set separately;
Described the first adsorption tower (A tower) tower top is connected with the 6th pipeline by control valve V6-A, and the tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through control valve (V6-B to V6-H) separately and is connected with the 6th pipeline;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the 4th pipeline, be connected with the first compressor, and in the 4th pipeline, control valve V4-A be set; Described the first compressor is connected with heavy constituent surge tank; At the bottom of the tower of all the other seven adsorption towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the 4th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V4-B to V4-H) is being set separately;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the 3rd pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and in the 3rd pipeline, control valve V3-A be set; Described vavuum pump is connected with heavy constituent surge tank; At the bottom of the tower of all the other seven adsorption towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the 3rd pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V3-B to V3-H) is being set separately;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the second pipeline, be connected with the second compressor, and in the second pipeline, control valve V2-A be set; Described the second compressor is connected with intermediate species surge tank; At the bottom of all the other seven adsorption tower towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the second pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V2-B to V2-H) is being set separately;
At the bottom of described eight adsorption tower towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the first pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V1-A to V1-H) is being set separately, described the first pipeline is connected with unstripped gas air inlet.
When carrying out pressure-variable adsorption, adopt a plurality of adsorption towers arranged side by side, utilize the difference of each component adsorbance in adsorbent in unstripped gas, under different time and step, obtain multiple product gas, each circulation of its technological process comprises absorption, replace one, step-down, along putting, replace two, find time, all voltage rises, final rise press:
(1) unstripped gas is the mist of three components, and in predetermined adsorbent between component adsorption capacity have notable difference to reach separated object.
(2) gas of replacing an employing is that the gas of enrichment intermediate species enters after pressurization at the bottom of tower, and the pressure of displacement is identical with adsorptive pressure.
(3) replace two employings for entering at the bottom of tower from the easiest absorbed component of extraction at the bottom of tower, displacement pressure adopts normal pressure to a certain pressure between adsorptive pressure to carry out.
The detailed process of above-mentioned pressure-swing absorption process is: unstripped gas pressurization enters in adsorption tower at the bottom of tower by pipeline, by component by adsorbance be designated as from small to large difficulty, in, easily, now in tower, also can form in the middle of three mass-transfer zones and when absorbed component crest arrives a certain position but do not penetrate, to stop charging; By another tower, along letting slip journey and replacing from passing into for the first time at the bottom of tower after the gas pressurized of the enrichment intermediate species of extraction in replacement process for the second time, also difficult absorbed component extraction is discarded in displacement, when intermediate species will penetrate, stops replacing for the first time; This adsorption tower is connected with other adsorption towers and carries out all pressures (N is more than or equal to 2 and is less than adsorption tower number) N time, the tower internal pressure that is reduces, and reclaims the difficult absorbed component in dead space, and improves the concentration of intermediate species; Replace for the second time, adopt at the bottom of vacuumizing phase tower the easy absorbed component of extraction to do unstripped gas and pass at the bottom of tower, at tower top, obtain replacing tail gas for being rich in intermediate species gas product, when easy absorbed component will penetrate, stop charging simultaneously; When replacing pressure higher than normal pressure for the second time, add forward depressurization step, from tower top, obtain intermediate species gas product, now easily absorbed component penetrates completely; Vacuumize step obtains highly purified easy absorbed component and adsorbent bed is regenerated at the bottom of tower; After vacuumizing end, use the gas from other High Pressure Absorption towers to carry out to it process of all boosting for N time, this process is corresponding with drop pressure process; After all pressure finishes, in order to reach tower internal pressure, change object stably, adopt the difficult adsorption production gas of part high pressure to be back in tower by final rise pressure pipe road, make tower internal pressure reach adsorptive pressure for circulating ready next time.A plurality of adsorption towers are set up side by side, and alternating sequence carries out above absorption-regeneration cycle process, just can realize the object for the separating-purifying of ternary component.
In technical scheme of the present invention, in pressure-swing absorption process, select to have 2-24 adsorption towers and install side by side.
In technical scheme of the present invention, unstripped gas fill process adopts low pressure feed, and feed entrance point is that in tower, gas phase forms place consistent with unstripped gas.
In technical scheme of the present invention, multi-reflow step comprises vacuumizing at the bottom of tower and obtains being back to another tower after heavy constituent pressurization and adsorb displacement, and displacement obtains light component and is partly refluxed in lower pressure column and rinses and regenerate and boost.
In technical scheme of the present invention, multi-reflow step comprises the displacement for the first time that adopts part intermediate products, and the displacement for the second time of easy absorbed component product at the bottom of employing tower adopts the difficult absorbed component of part to reflux and carries out middle final rise pressure.
In technical scheme of the present invention, displacement for the first time refluxes after adopting the pressurization of intermediate species gas product, obtains replacing tail gas difficult absorbed component gas product consistent with absorption tail gas, and cancels displacement tail gas recycle step.
In technical scheme of the present invention, gas intermediate species being exceeded standard in the stage of all pressing is successively carrying out the adsorption tower of boost pressure or is all pressing tower to carry out drop pressure 2-24 times to other along airintake direction, simultaneously corresponding adsorption tower or all press tower to carry out boost pressure 2-24 times.
In technical scheme of the present invention, displacement for the second time adopts to vacuumize and obtains being back in tower after easy absorbed component gas product pressurization, and displacement tail gas is as the extraction of enrichment intermediate species gas product.
Traditional pressure-variable adsorption adopts the mode of high pressure charging, be that adsorptive pressure is maximum pressure in cyclic process, and this patent can adopt the mode of low pressure feed for the separation of binary composition, reduced like this energy consumption, can adopt the operation of two towers or four towers and multitower.The separation of three components obtains at least two kinds of highly purified products and a kind of enriched products by the mode of all pressing for twice.Technological process of the present invention combines rectification process with pressure swing adsorption technique.Adopt to force or the technique of the multi-reflow of natural back flow makes in tower component clear cutting apart excessively, by a covering device, obtain highly purified two or three material, thereby reach the energy-saving and cost-reducing object that reduces investment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 utilizes technical solution of the present invention to carry out binary composition two tower schematic flow sheets.
Fig. 2 utilizes technical solution of the present invention to carry out binary composition four-column process flow schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 utilizes technical solution of the present invention to carry out ternary component eight tower schematic flow sheets.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention.
Tradition two tower pressure swing adsorption techniques can only obtain the product that a kind of purity is higher, for example common its raw material of making oxygen by air separation technique, as following table, generally can only obtain oxygen rich air, and rich nitrogen due to purity does not reach can only emptying.
| Form | O 2 | N 2 | Ar | CO 2 | Other | Add up to |
| Concentration (vol%) | 20.93 | 78.03 | 0.932 | 0.03 | 0.078 | 100 |
Temperature :≤45 ℃
Embodiment 1:
And obtaining highly purified rich nitrogen when utilizing the present invention can obtain same purity oxygen rich gas, its purity reaches 98.5Vol%.To absorb complexity, determine weight component, light component is oxygen, and restructuring is divided into nitrogen, and molecular sieve is housed in adsorption tower from down to up, and feed pressure is 101-130KPa, heavy constituent N
2displacement pressure is 130-300KPa, and evacuated pressure is 50-70KPa(absolute pressure).The flow chart of the separated air of two tower pressure-variable adsorptions is as shown in Figure 1:
The first adsorption tower (being designated A in figure) is in parallel with the second adsorption tower (being designated B in figure), the first control valve V-1 is set on the pipeline between the first adsorption tower and raw material gas inlet, the second control valve V-2 is set on the pipeline between the second adsorption tower and raw material gas inlet;
Tower top at described the first adsorption tower is connected with the tower top of the second adsorption tower by pipeline, and the 5th control valve V-5 is set on both connecting lines; Tower top at described the first adsorption tower is connected with light component receiving system (not marking in figure) by pipeline, and the 3rd control valve V-3 is set on pipeline; Tower top at described second absorption tower is connected with light component receiving system (not marking in figure) by pipeline, and the 4th control valve V-4 is set on pipeline;
At the bottom of the tower of described the first adsorption tower, by pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and the 6th control valve V-6 is set on pipeline, also by pipeline, be connected with compressor, and the 8th control valve V-8 is set on pipeline; At the bottom of the tower of described second absorption tower, by pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and the 7th control valve V-7 is set on pipeline, also by pipeline, be connected with compressor, and the 9th control valve V-9 is set on pipeline;
Described vavuum pump is connected with surge tank by pipeline respectively with compressor.
Circulation step is as following table.
| time/s | 40 | 10 | 10 | 40 | 10 | 10 |
| A tower | F/LR | ER | HPP | HR/RP | ED | VU |
| B tower | HR/RP | ED | VU | F/LR | ER | HPP |
Specifically, each step of alternate run in one-period with A tower and B tower, circulates and reaches the object of continuous operation with complete, in a circulation, realizes twice backflow.
(1) unstripped gas air inlet and difficult absorbed component backflow (F/LR)
The first control valve, the 3rd control valve, the 4th control valve, the 6th control valve and the 9th control valve are opened, all the other valve closings.The first adsorption tower (A tower) is in low-pressure state, and unstripped gas forms and forms the charging of consistent position with feeding gas via V-1 gas phase in tower, and adsorbent optionally adsorbs easy absorbed component N
2; The first adsorption tower tower spirit body is back in the first adsorption tower through the 6th control valve, vavuum pump, surge tank, compressor, the 9th control valve, the second adsorption tower (B tower), the 4th control valve, the 3rd control valve simultaneously, the part O of backflow
2, for purging in tower and boosting; At the bottom of tower, open V-6 and find time to obtain N
2.After being raised to feed pressure 101KPa-130KPa, pressure stops.
(2) boost pressure (ER)
The 5th control valve is opened, and all the other are closed; Due in first step, for the first adsorption tower, be two to enter one and go out, cause air pressure inside to rise, cause charging not smooth, therefore open valve V-5 after charging finishes, it is connected to the boost pressure process of carrying out with the second adsorption tower, make its pressure continue to raise, the mode of all pressing as figure adopts tower top-tower top mode, at the bottom of can also selecting tower-tower at the bottom of or the mode at the bottom of tower top-tower.
(3) easy absorbed component boost (HPP)
Open the 7th and the 8th control valve, all the other are closed; For integral pressure is changed steadily, need to the A tower after boost pressure further be boosted, employing vacuumizes the easy absorbed component pressurization obtaining and is back to the mode in tower by V-8, makes pressure reach displacement pressure 130-300KPa.
(4) easily absorbed component refluxes and replaces (HR/RP)
Open second, third, the 4th, the 7th and the 8th control valve, all the other control valves are closed; Unstripped gas forms and forms the charging of consistent position with feeding gas via V-2 gas phase in tower, and adsorbent optionally adsorbs easy absorbed component N
2; The second adsorption tower (B tower) tower spirit body is through the 7th control valve, vavuum pump, surge tank, compressor, the 8th control valve to the first adsorption tower (A tower) simultaneously, being about to the easy absorbed component pressurization of part is back in the first adsorption tower by V-8, difficult absorbed component is displaced, from tower top, through V-3, obtain, when easy absorbed component will penetrate, stop charging.
(5) drop pressure (ED)
Open the 5th control valve, all the other control valves are closed; Because tower internal pressure is higher, easily absorbed component does not penetrate completely simultaneously, in dead space, there is a certain amount of difficult absorbed component, the first adsorption tower (A tower) is connected through the 5th adsorption tower V-5 and is all pressed with the second adsorption tower (B tower), the gas in recovery section mechanical energy and space.
(6) vacuumize (VU)
The the 6th and the 9th control valve is opened, and all the other control valves are closed; All after pressure drop, tower internal pressure reduces, and opens V-6 and vacuumizes step highly purified easy absorbed component solution in tower and suck vacuum buffer tank and be partly refluxed to another tower section as product extraction.
In whole circulation, shown in the following form of valve switch situation, O-opens; X-closes
| Time/s | 40 | 10 | 10 | 40 | 10 | 10 |
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| V-1 | O | X | X | X | X | X |
| V-2 | X | X | X | O | X | X |
| V-3 | O | X | X | O | X | X |
| V-4 | O | X | X | O | X | X |
| V-5 | X | O | X | X | O | X |
| V-6 | O | X | X | X | X | O |
| V-7 | X | X | O | O | X | X |
| V-8 | X | X | O | O | X | X |
| V-9 | O | X | X | X | X | O |
In implementation process, if two adsorption towers (A tower and B tower) in height cannot meet, selection is split as both series connection of two adsorption tower A1, A2(by the first adsorption tower A tower), the second adsorption tower B tower is split as to both series connection of two adsorption tower B1, B2(), unstripped gas by pipeline with at the bottom of adsorption tower A1 tower, adsorption tower A2 tower top is connected, and the first control valve is set, unstripped gas by pipeline with at the bottom of adsorption tower B1 tower, adsorption tower B2 tower top is connected, and the second control valve is set, as shown in Figure 2.In specific implementation process, adopt the circulation step identical with embodiment, adsorption tower A1, A2 and adsorption tower B1, B2 are considered as respectively to the first adsorption tower A and the second adsorption tower B, can at the bottom of tower, obtain heavy constituent, tower top obtains light component.
Embodiment 2:
This routine unstripped gas is low concentration coal-bed gas or the oilfield fireflood tail gas that contains carbon dioxide, is purified and removes wherein C after front end pretreatment
2the impurity such as above hydro carbons and sulfur-containing compound.Obtain the gas of table composed as follows:
| Form | N 2 | CH 4 | CO 2 | Add up to |
| Concentration (vol%) | 85 | 9 | 6 | 100 |
Temperature :≤45 ℃
The present invention adopts one-stage process that ternary component adsorbing separation is obtained at least two kinds high pure components and a kind of ambuscade component, and as shown in Figure 3, adsorption tower A-H is the pressure-swing absorption apparatus of totally eight compositions for device flow chart.In adsorption tower, pack activated alumina and activated carbon into, tower top obtains two kinds of products in different phase, obtains a kind of product at the bottom of tower, and in process, adsorption step pressure is 200KPa-2000KPa(absolute pressure).After flow process of the present invention, obtaining nitrogen gas purity is 99.4%, and methane gas purity is 77.1%, and carbon dioxide purity is 99.3%.The pressure-swing absorption apparatus of eight compositions as shown in Figure 3, described eight adsorption tower parallel connections:
Described the first adsorption tower (A tower) tower top is connected with light component surge tank by the 5th pipeline, and in the 5th pipeline, control valve V5-A is set; The tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through connecting line separately and is connected with the 5th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V5-B to V5-H) is being set separately;
Described the first adsorption tower (A tower) tower top is connected with intermediate species surge tank by the 7th pipeline, and in the 7th pipeline, control valve V7-A is set; The tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through connecting line separately and is connected with the 7th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V7-B to V7-H) is being set separately;
Described the first adsorption tower (A tower) tower top is connected with the 6th pipeline by control valve V6-A, and the tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through control valve (V6-B to V6-H) separately and is connected with the 6th pipeline;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the 4th pipeline, be connected with the first compressor, and in the 4th pipeline, control valve V4-A be set; Described the first compressor is connected with heavy constituent surge tank; At the bottom of the tower of all the other seven adsorption towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the 4th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V4-B to V4-H) is being set separately;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the 3rd pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and in the 3rd pipeline, control valve V3-A be set; Described vavuum pump is connected with heavy constituent surge tank; At the bottom of the tower of all the other seven adsorption towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the 3rd pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V3-B to V3-H) is being set separately;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the second pipeline, be connected with the second compressor, and in the second pipeline, control valve V2-A be set; Described the second compressor is connected with intermediate species surge tank; At the bottom of all the other seven adsorption tower towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the second pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V2-B to V2-H) is being set separately;
At the bottom of described eight adsorption tower towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the first pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve (V1-A to V1-H) is being set separately, described the first pipeline is connected with unstripped gas air inlet.
A kind of circulation time-scale of adsorbent equipment is as follows:
(1) adsorption step (AD)
Unstripped gas enters in adsorption tower by valve V1-A after pressurization, optionally absorbing carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen component successively of adsorbent in adsorption tower, the part nitrogen of difficult absorption flows out from outlet V5-A, a part enters in the B of whole pressurising step tower and boosts through V5-B as backflow gas as a product part, when adsorbent absorption unstripped gas is saturated nearly, stops air inlet adsorption step and finish.
(2) displacement step (RP1) for the first time
The gas pressurized of enrichment intermediate species methane is refluxed and passed in adsorption tower by V2-A to identical with adsorptive pressure, and by utilizing the ability that the is adsorbed effect strong compared with nitrogen of intermediate species methane to replace nitrogen, displacement tail gas is equally from tower top V5-A extraction.When will penetrating, methane stops passing into displacement gas, for the first time replacement completion one time.
(3) drop pressure (ED)
For the first time after replacement completion, in adsorption tower, in dead space and headroom, nitrogen gas concn is higher, this part nitrogen and pressure need to recycle, for this reason, the gas in adsorption tower from upper buck, gas is discharged in V6-E/F enters the corresponding adsorption tower that this section completed regeneration from adsorption tower top V6-A, and ED number of drop pressure can be thought 1 time or repeatedly (2-7 time).(4) displacement step (RP2) for the second time
After all pressing step e D to finish, now in adsorption tower, nitrogen major part is replaced, and absorption has a large amount of methane gas and partial CO 2.The gas pressurized of carbon dioxide-enriched is passed into and in tower, according to it, is adsorbed the principle that ability is stronger compared with methane methane in adsorption tower is replaced by V4-A, and the gas product that displacement tail gas is enrich methane enters surge tank through V7-A.When being about to penetrate, carbon dioxide stops displacement step for the second time.
(5) forward bleed off pressure step (CoD)
After displacement for the second time, in tower, methane content reduces, but also remaining in tower top and dead space have a large amount of methane, therefore need to reclaim this part methane and play the object that improves carbon dioxide purity simultaneously, now along venting, be similarly high methane gas and collect and obtain from tower top V7-A.When pressure is reduced to after normal pressure, now in tower, carbon dioxide penetrates completely, stops the step of forward step-down.
(6) vacuumize step (VU)
What forward bleed off pressure the interior absorption of rear tower is carbon dioxide, by vavuum pump, adsorbent carbon dioxide is made to a product part for the displacement that refluxes after pressurizeing through a part in V3-A extracts out side by side as vacuum buffer tank, in the adsorption tower that is simultaneously, adsorbent is regenerated.
(7) boost pressure step (ER)
When adsorption tower completes regeneration, utilize the gas that forward step-down ED step is discharged, from the port of export, enter adsorption tower its pressure is raise, this step is with forward depressurization step is corresponding one by one.
(8) step (FR) is pressed in final rise
The high pressure nitrogen that utilizes adsorption step tower top to flow out, refluxes and finally boosts for the adsorption tower after boost pressure, makes pressure reach adsorptive pressure.
In concrete circulation, valve switch information slip lattice are as follows, and O-opens; X-closes
| Time/s | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
| Step | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| V1-A | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V1-B | X | X | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V1-C | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V1-D | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V1-E | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X |
| V1-F | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | X | X |
| V1-G | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O |
| V1-H | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O |
| V2-A | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V2-B | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V2-C | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V2-D | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X |
| V2-E | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X |
| V2-F | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O |
| V2-G | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V2-H | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V3-A | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X |
| V3-B | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X |
| V3-C | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O |
| V3-D | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V3-E | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V3-F | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V3-G | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V3-H | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X |
| V4-A | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V4-B | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X |
| V4-C | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X |
| V4-D | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O |
| V4-E | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V4-F | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V4-G | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V4-H | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V5-A | O | O | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O |
| V5-B | X | O | O | O | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V5-C | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V5-D | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X |
| V5-E | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | O | O | O | X | X |
| V5-F | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | O | O | O |
| V5-G | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | O | O |
| V5-H | O | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O |
| V6-A | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X |
| V6-B | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | O |
| V6-C | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X |
| V6-D | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X |
| V6-E | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O |
| V6-F | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V6-G | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X |
| V6-H | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | X | X | X |
| V7-A | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X |
| V7-B | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | X | X | X |
| V7-C | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | X |
| V7-D | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O |
| V7-E | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V7-F | X | X | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V7-G | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| V7-H | X | X | X | X | X | X | O | O | O | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Above the present invention has been done to exemplary description; should be noted that; in the situation that not departing from core of the present invention, the replacement that is equal to that any simple distortion, modification or other those skilled in the art can not spend creative work all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the pressure swing absorption process refluxing a kind more, it is characterized in that, adopt adsorption tower parallel way to be connected, and surge tank, vavuum pump and compressor be set in pipeline, pending unstrpped gas is being realized to the multi-reflow of gas between at the bottom of the tower top of adsorption tower in parallel or tower by surge tank, vavuum pump and compressor between adsorption tower in parallel, to realize the separation of component in unstrpped gas, to obtain the tower of light component, adsorption tower at the tower top of adsorption tower at the bottom of, obtain heavy constituent.
2. a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux according to claim 1, is characterized in that more, pack a kind of in activated alumina, Kiselgel A, activated carbon or molecular sieve in described adsorption tower into.
3. a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux according to claim 1, is characterized in that more, select to have 2-24 adsorption towers and install side by side.
4. according to a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that more, for the separation of binary composition, adopt double tower paralleling model:
The first adsorption tower is in parallel with the second adsorption tower, and the first control valve is set on the pipeline between the first adsorption tower and raw material gas inlet, and the second control valve is set on the pipeline between the second adsorption tower and raw material gas inlet;
Tower top at described the first adsorption tower is connected with the tower top of the second adsorption tower by pipeline, and the 5th control valve is set on both connecting lines; Tower top at described the first adsorption tower is connected with light component receiving system by pipeline, and the 3rd control valve is set on pipeline; Tower top at described second absorption tower is connected with light component receiving system by pipeline, and the 4th control valve is set on pipeline;
At the bottom of the tower of described the first adsorption tower, by pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and the 6th control valve is set on pipeline, also by pipeline, be connected with compressor, and the 8th control valve is set on pipeline; At the bottom of the tower of described second absorption tower, by pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and the 7th control valve is set on pipeline, also by pipeline, be connected with compressor, and the 9th control valve is set on pipeline;
Described vavuum pump is connected with surge tank by pipeline respectively with compressor.
5. a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux according to claim 4 more, it is characterized in that, selection is split as the first adsorption tower the adsorption tower (A1, A2) of two series connection, the second adsorption tower is split as to the adsorption tower (B1, B2) of two series connection, unstripped gas by pipeline with at the bottom of adsorption tower A1 tower, adsorption tower A2 tower top is connected, and the first control valve is set, unstripped gas by pipeline with at the bottom of adsorption tower B1 tower, adsorption tower B2 tower top is connected, and the second control valve is set.
6. according to a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux described in claim 5 or 4 more, it is characterized in that, separation for binary composition, with multi-reflow step, comprise vacuumizing at the bottom of tower and obtain being back to another tower after heavy constituent pressurization and adsorb displacement, displacement obtains light component and is partly refluxed to and in lower pressure column, rinses regeneration and boost, each step of alternate run in one-period with the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower, with complete circulation, reach the object of continuous operation, in a circulation, realize twice backflow, in one-period, step is as follows:
(1) unstripped gas air inlet and difficult absorbed component backflow (F/LR)
The first control valve, the 3rd control valve, the 4th control valve, the 6th control valve and the 9th control valve are opened, all the other valve closings; The first adsorption tower is in low-pressure state, and unstripped gas forms and forms the charging of consistent position with feeding gas via V-1 gas phase in tower, and adsorbent optionally adsorbs easy absorbed component; The first adsorption tower tower spirit body is back in the first adsorption tower through the 6th control valve, vavuum pump, surge tank, compressor, the 9th control valve, the second adsorption tower, the 4th control valve, the 3rd control valve simultaneously, for purging in tower and boosting; At the bottom of tower, open V-6 and find time, after pressure is raised to feed pressure, stop;
(2) boost pressure (ER)
The 5th control valve is opened, and all the other are closed; After charging finishes, open valve V-5 it is connected and carries out boost pressure process with the second adsorption tower, make its pressure continue to raise;
(3) easy absorbed component boost (HPP)
Open the 7th and the 8th control valve, all the other are closed; For integral pressure is changed steadily, need to the first adsorption tower after boost pressure further be boosted, employing vacuumizes the easy absorbed component pressurization obtaining and is back to the mode in tower by V-8, makes pressure reach displacement pressure;
(4) easily absorbed component refluxes and replaces (HR/RP)
Open second, third, the 4th, the 7th and the 8th control valve, all the other control valves are closed; Unstripped gas forms and forms the charging of consistent position with feeding gas via V-2 gas phase in tower, and adsorbent optionally adsorbs easy absorbed component; The second adsorption tower tower spirit body is through the 7th control valve, vavuum pump, surge tank, compressor, the 8th control valve to the first adsorption tower simultaneously, being about to the easy absorbed component pressurization of part is back in the first adsorption tower by V-8, difficult absorbed component is displaced, from tower top, through V-3, obtain, when easy absorbed component will penetrate, stop charging;
(5) drop pressure (ED)
Open the 5th control valve, all the other control valves are closed; The first adsorption tower is connected through the 5th adsorption tower V-5 and is all pressed with the second adsorption tower, the gas in recovery section mechanical energy and space;
(6) vacuumize (VU)
The the 6th and the 9th control valve is opened, and all the other control valves are closed; Opening V-6 vacuumizes step highly purified easy absorbed component solution in tower and sucks vacuum buffer tank and be partly refluxed to another tower section as product extraction.
7. according to a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that more, for the separation of ternary component, adopt eight tower paralleling model pressure-variable adsorptions separated:
Described the first adsorption tower tower top is connected with light component surge tank by the 5th pipeline, and in the 5th pipeline, control valve is set; The tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through connecting line separately and is connected with the 5th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve is being set separately;
Described the first adsorption tower tower top is connected with intermediate species surge tank by the 7th pipeline, and in the 7th pipeline, control valve is set; The tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through connecting line separately and is connected with the 7th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve is being set separately;
Described the first adsorption tower tower top is connected with the 6th pipeline by control valve, and the tower top of all the other seven adsorption towers passes through control valve separately and is connected with the 6th pipeline;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the 4th pipeline, be connected with the first compressor, and in the 4th pipeline, control valve be set; Described the first compressor is connected with heavy constituent surge tank; At the bottom of the tower of all the other seven adsorption towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the 4th pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve is being set separately;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the 3rd pipeline, be connected with vavuum pump, and in the 3rd pipeline, control valve be set; Described vavuum pump is connected with heavy constituent surge tank; At the bottom of the tower of all the other seven adsorption towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the 3rd pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve is being set separately;
At the bottom of described the first adsorption tower tower, by the second pipeline, be connected with the second compressor, and in the second pipeline, control valve be set; Described the second compressor is connected with intermediate species surge tank; At the bottom of all the other seven adsorption tower towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the second pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve is being set separately;
At the bottom of described eight adsorption tower towers, pass through connecting line separately and be connected with the first pipeline, and on connecting line, control valve is being set separately, described the first pipeline is connected with unstripped gas air inlet.
8. a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux according to claim 7 more, it is characterized in that, the adsorption tower of described parallel connection adopts the pattern of alternate run in one-period, with complete circulation, reach the object of continuous operation, each cycle comprise adsorption step, for the first time displacement step, drop pressure, along putting, for the second time displacement step, find time, all voltage rises, final rise press:
Unstripped gas pressurization enters in adsorption tower at the bottom of tower by pipeline, by component by adsorbance be designated as from small to large difficulty, in, easily; By another tower, along letting slip journey and replacing from passing into for the first time at the bottom of tower after the gas pressurized of the enrichment intermediate species of extraction in replacement process for the second time, also difficult absorbed component extraction is discarded in displacement, when intermediate species will penetrate, stops replacing for the first time; This adsorption tower is connected all and is pressed with other adsorption towers, and tower internal pressure reduces, and reclaims the difficult absorbed component in dead space, and improves the concentration of intermediate species; Replace for the second time, adopt at the bottom of vacuumizing phase tower the easy absorbed component of extraction to do unstripped gas and pass at the bottom of tower, at tower top, obtain replacing tail gas for being rich in intermediate species gas product, when easy absorbed component will penetrate, stop charging simultaneously; When replacing pressure higher than normal pressure for the second time, add forward depressurization step, from tower top, obtain intermediate species gas product, now easily absorbed component penetrates completely; Vacuumize step obtains highly purified easy absorbed component and adsorbent bed is regenerated at the bottom of tower; After vacuumizing end, use gas from other High Pressure Absorption towers to its process of all boosting, this process is corresponding with drop pressure process; After all pressure finishes, adopt the difficult adsorption production gas of part high pressure to be back in tower by final rise pressure pipe road, make tower internal pressure reach adsorptive pressure for circulating ready next time, alternating sequence carries out above absorption-regeneration cycle process, just can realize the object for the separating-purifying of ternary component.
9. a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux according to claim 7 more, it is characterized in that, multi-reflow step comprises the displacement for the first time that adopts part intermediate products, and the displacement for the second time of easy absorbed component product at the bottom of employing tower adopts the difficult absorbed component of part to reflux and carries out middle final rise pressure; Displacement for the first time refluxes after adopting the pressurization of intermediate species gas product, obtains replacing tail gas difficult absorbed component gas product consistent with absorption tail gas, and cancels displacement tail gas recycle step; Gas intermediate species being exceeded standard in the stage of all pressing is successively carrying out the adsorption tower of boost pressure or is all pressing tower to carry out drop pressure to other along airintake direction, simultaneously corresponding adsorption tower or all press tower to carry out boost pressure; Displacement for the second time adopts to vacuumize and obtains being back in tower after easy absorbed component gas product pressurization, and displacement tail gas is as the extraction of enrichment intermediate species gas product.
10. a kind of pressure swing absorption process that reflux according to claim 9, is characterized in that more, and all pressing the stage, selecting drop pressure is 2-24 times, and boost pressure is 2-24 times.
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| CN103585856B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
| CN104815521A (en) | 2015-08-05 |
| CN104815521B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
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