CN103579894B - A kind of multi-wavelength random fiber laser based on hybrid gain - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于混合增益的多波长随机光纤激光器，属于光纤激光器技术领域，由布里渊泵浦激光源、掺铒光纤泵浦激光源、第一环形器、第二环形器、波分复用器、掺铒光纤、产生布里渊效应的光纤及随机分布反馈光纤组成。本发明将第一环形器、波分复用器、掺铒光纤、产生布里渊效应的光纤、第二环形器组成一个环形结构，与随机分布反馈光纤共同构成一个半开放的谐振腔，实现激光振荡，并利用受激布里渊散射和掺铒光纤对光进行混合增益放大。使得该激光器结构简单、阈值功率低、输出波长多、波长间隔短且波长间隔相等。
The invention discloses a multi-wavelength random fiber laser based on mixed gain, belonging to the technical field of fiber lasers, comprising a Brillouin pump laser source, an erbium-doped fiber pump laser source, a first circulator, a second circulator, a wavelength It consists of multiplexer, erbium-doped optical fiber, optical fiber producing Brillouin effect and randomly distributed feedback optical fiber. In the present invention, the first circulator, the wavelength division multiplexer, the erbium-doped optical fiber, the optical fiber producing the Brillouin effect, and the second circulator form a ring structure, and form a semi-open resonant cavity together with the randomly distributed feedback optical fiber to realize The laser is oscillated, and the light is amplified with mixed gain using stimulated Brillouin scattering and an erbium-doped fiber. The laser has the advantages of simple structure, low threshold power, multiple output wavelengths, short and equal wavelength intervals.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种随机光纤激光器，尤其涉及一种基于受激布里渊散射和掺铒光纤混合增益的随机分布反馈光纤激光器，属于光纤激光器技术领域。The invention relates to a random fiber laser, in particular to a randomly distributed feedback fiber laser based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and erbium-doped fiber mixed gain, and belongs to the technical field of fiber lasers.
背景技术Background technique
随机激光器是基于随机分布反馈的一类激光器，其利用无序介质中的多次散射效应实现随机分布反馈。因此，三维块体随机激光器往往存在激光输出角度依赖性和高的阈值功率等缺点。光纤具有极好的二维限制，可以有效克服随机激光输出角度依赖性和阈值功率高的问题。随机光纤激光器主要分为三类，第一类基于填充分散TiO2纳米颗粒的若丹明6G溶液的光子晶体光纤，利用侧面泵浦获得随机激光输出，该方法技术难度大，输出激光波长少；第二类基于随机分布的光纤布拉格光栅，可获得低阈值功率的随机激光输出，但制备复杂，输出波长少，波长间隔不固定；第三类基于瑞利背向散射，由于瑞利背向散射较弱，目前的方法主要是利用拉曼效应对瑞利背向散射信号进行放大，但具有激光阈值功率高、转换效率低、输出波长少等缺点。Random lasers are a class of lasers based on random distribution feedback, which utilize the multiple scattering effect in disordered media to achieve random distribution feedback. Therefore, three-dimensional bulk random lasers often have disadvantages such as laser output angle dependence and high threshold power. Optical fibers have excellent two-dimensional confinement, which can effectively overcome the problems of random laser output angle dependence and high threshold power. Random fiber lasers are mainly divided into three categories. The first category is based on photonic crystal fibers filled with Rhodamine 6G solution dispersed TiO 2 nanoparticles, using side pumping to obtain random laser output. This method is technically difficult and the output laser wavelength is small; The second type is based on randomly distributed fiber Bragg gratings, which can obtain random laser output with low threshold power, but the preparation is complicated, the output wavelength is small, and the wavelength interval is not fixed; the third type is based on Rayleigh backscattering, due to Rayleigh backscattering Weak, the current method mainly uses the Raman effect to amplify the Rayleigh backscattering signal, but has the disadvantages of high laser threshold power, low conversion efficiency, and few output wavelengths.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种基于混合增益的多波长随机光纤激光器，该激光器结构简单、阈值功率低、输出波长多、波长间隔短且波长间隔相等。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-wavelength random fiber laser based on hybrid gain, which has simple structure, low threshold power, multiple output wavelengths, short and equal wavelength intervals.
本发明为解决技术问题所采取的技术方案为：The technical scheme that the present invention takes for solving technical problem is:
一种基于混合增益的多波长随机光纤激光器，包括布里渊泵浦激光源(1)、第一环形器(2)、掺铒光纤泵浦激光源(3)、波分复用器(4)、掺铒光纤(5)、产生布里渊效应的光纤(6)、第二环形器(7)及随机分布反馈光纤(8)；所述的布里渊泵浦激光源(1)与第一环形器一端口(100)相连，第一环形器二端口(101)与波分复用器一端口(103)相连，波分复用器二端口(104)与掺铒光纤泵浦激光源(3)相连，波分复用器三端口(105)与掺铒光纤(5)相连，掺铒光纤(5)的另一端与产生布里渊效应的光纤(6)相连，产生布里渊效应的光纤(6)的另一端与第二环形器三端口(108)相连，第一环形器三端口(102)与第二环形器一端口(106)相连，第二环形器二端口(107)与随机分布反馈光纤(8)的一端相连，随机分布反馈光纤(8)的另一端作为激光输出；所述的第一环形器(2)、波分复用器(4)、掺铒光纤(5)、产生布里渊效应的光纤(6)、第二环形器(7)组成一个环形结构，与随机分布反馈光纤(8)共同构成一个半开放的谐振腔，形成激光振荡，最终实现多波长的随机激光输出。A multi-wavelength random fiber laser based on mixed gain, comprising a Brillouin pump laser source (1), a first circulator (2), an erbium-doped fiber pump laser source (3), a wavelength division multiplexer (4 ), an erbium-doped fiber (5), an optical fiber (6) producing the Brillouin effect, a second circulator (7) and a randomly distributed feedback fiber (8); the Brillouin pumping laser source (1) and One port (100) of the first circulator is connected, the two ports (101) of the first circulator are connected with the one port (103) of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the two ports (104) of the wavelength division multiplexer are connected with the erbium-doped fiber pump laser The source (3) is connected, and the three ports (105) of the wavelength division multiplexer are connected with the erbium-doped optical fiber (5), and the other end of the erbium-doped optical fiber (5) is connected with the optical fiber (6) that produces the Brillouin effect to generate the Brillouin effect. The other end of the optical fiber (6) of deep effect is connected with the second circulator three ports (108), and the first circulator three ports (102) are connected with the second circulator one port (106), and the second circulator two ports ( 107) be connected with one end of the random distribution feedback fiber (8), and the other end of the random distribution feedback fiber (8) is used as the laser output; the first circulator (2), wavelength division multiplexer (4), erbium-doped The optical fiber (5), the optical fiber (6) producing the Brillouin effect, and the second circulator (7) form a ring structure, and together with the randomly distributed feedback optical fiber (8) form a semi-open resonant cavity, forming laser oscillation, and finally Realize multi-wavelength random laser output.
所述的掺铒光纤泵浦激光源(3)通过改变泵浦功率，并利用布里渊散射增益的饱和特性，来调谐输出随机激光的波长个数。The erbium-doped fiber pumping laser source (3) adjusts the number of wavelengths of random laser output by changing the pumping power and utilizing the saturation characteristic of Brillouin scattering gain.
所述的随机分布反馈光纤(8)中产生的背向受激布里渊散射和瑞利背向散射形成反馈机制，使激光在环形结构中形成振荡，实现光放大，降低阈值功率。The back-stimulated Brillouin scattering and Rayleigh back-scattering generated in the randomly distributed feedback fiber (8) form a feedback mechanism, which makes the laser oscillate in the ring structure, realizes light amplification, and reduces threshold power.
所述的产生布里渊效应的光纤(6)长度为1km～200km，随机分布反馈光纤(8)长度为1km～200km。The optical fiber (6) producing the Brillouin effect has a length of 1 km to 200 km, and the randomly distributed feedback optical fiber (8) has a length of 1 km to 200 km.
所述的产生布里渊效应的光纤(6)为单模光纤、色散位移光纤、色散补偿光纤、高非线性光纤、高非线性色散位移光纤，随机分布反馈光纤(8)为单模光纤、色散位移光纤、色散补偿光纤、高非线性光纤、高非线性色散位移光纤。The optical fiber (6) producing the Brillouin effect is a single-mode optical fiber, a dispersion-shifted optical fiber, a dispersion-compensating optical fiber, a highly nonlinear optical fiber, and a highly nonlinear dispersion-shifted optical fiber, and the randomly distributed feedback optical fiber (8) is a single-mode optical fiber, Dispersion-shifted fiber, dispersion-compensated fiber, highly nonlinear fiber, and highly nonlinear dispersion-shifted fiber.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、利用布里渊散射增益和掺铒光纤的线性增益作为混合增益，使得多波长随机光纤激光器的阈值功率显著降低；1. Using the Brillouin scattering gain and the linear gain of the erbium-doped fiber as the hybrid gain, the threshold power of the multi-wavelength random fiber laser is significantly reduced;
2、利用布里渊散射增益的饱和特性，获得波长间隔短(0.088nm)且固定的多波长随机激光输出。2. Utilize the saturation characteristic of Brillouin scattering gain to obtain multi-wavelength random laser output with short wavelength interval (0.088nm) and fixed.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图及其实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments thereof.
图1为本发明基于混合增益的多波长随机光纤激光器结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of multi-wavelength random fiber laser based on hybrid gain of the present invention;
图2为本发明输出为1～3个波长的随机光纤激光输出光谱；Fig. 2 is the random fiber laser output spectrum of the present invention output as 1～3 wavelength;
图3为本发明输出为多个波长的随机光纤激光输出光谱。Fig. 3 is the random fiber laser output spectrum of the present invention outputting multiple wavelengths.
1为布里渊泵浦激光源；2为第一环形器；3为掺铒光纤泵浦激光源；4为波分复用器；5为掺铒光纤；6为产生布里渊效应的光纤；7为第二环形器；8为随机分布反馈光纤；100为第一环形器一端口；101为第一环形器二端口；102为第一环形器三端口；103为波分复用器一端口；104为波分复用器二端口；105为波分复用器三端口；106为第二环形器一端口；107为第二环形器二端口；108为第二环形器三端口。1 is the Brillouin pump laser source; 2 is the first circulator; 3 is the erbium-doped fiber pump laser source; 4 is the wavelength division multiplexer; 5 is the erbium-doped fiber; 6 is the fiber that produces the Brillouin effect 7 is the second circulator; 8 is the random distribution feedback fiber; 100 is the first circulator one port; 101 is the first circulator two ports; 102 is the first circulator three ports; 103 is the wavelength division multiplexer one Port; 104 is two ports of the wavelength division multiplexer; 105 is three ports of the wavelength division multiplexer; 106 is one port of the second circulator; 107 is two ports of the second circulator; 108 is three ports of the second circulator.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合本发明的结构和工作原理作详细说明：Below in conjunction with structure and working principle of the present invention, describe in detail:
图1中，一种基于混合增益的多波长随机光纤激光器，包括布里渊泵浦激光源1、第一环形器2、掺铒光纤泵浦激光源3、波分复用器4、掺铒光纤5、产生布里渊效应的光纤6、第二环形器7及随机分布反馈光纤8；所述的布里渊泵浦激光源1与第一环形器一端口100相连，第一环形器二端口101与波分复用器一端口103相连，波分复用器二端口104与掺铒光纤泵浦激光源3相连，波分复用器三端口105与掺铒光纤5相连，掺铒光纤5的另一端与产生布里渊效应的光纤6相连，产生布里渊效应的光纤6的另一端与第二环形器三端口108相连，第一环形器三端口102与第二环形器一端口106相连，第二环形器二端口107与随机分布反馈光纤8的一端相连，随机分布反馈光纤8的另一端作为激光输出；所述的第一环形器2、波分复用器4、掺铒光纤5、产生布里渊效应的光纤6、第二环形器7组成一个环形结构，与随机分布反馈光纤8共同构成一个半开放的谐振腔，形成激光振荡，最终实现多波长的随机激光输出。In Fig. 1, a multi-wavelength random fiber laser based on mixed gain includes a Brillouin pump laser source 1, a first circulator 2, an erbium-doped fiber pump laser source 3, a wavelength division multiplexer 4, an erbium-doped Optical fiber 5, optical fiber 6 producing Brillouin effect, second circulator 7 and random distribution feedback optical fiber 8; described Brillouin pumping laser source 1 is connected with first circulator port 100, first circulator two Port 101 is connected with the first port 103 of the wavelength division multiplexer, the second port 104 of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the pumping laser source 3 of the erbium-doped optical fiber, the third port 105 of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the erbium-doped optical fiber 5, and the erbium-doped optical fiber The other end of 5 is connected with the optical fiber 6 that produces Brillouin effect, and the other end of optical fiber 6 that produces Brillouin effect is connected with the second circulator three-port 108, and the first circulator three-port 102 is connected with the second circulator one-port 106 is connected, the second circulator two ports 107 are connected with one end of random distribution feedback fiber 8, and the other end of random distribution feedback fiber 8 is used as laser output; the first circulator 2, wavelength division multiplexer 4, erbium-doped The optical fiber 5, the optical fiber 6 producing the Brillouin effect, and the second circulator 7 form a ring structure, together with the randomly distributed feedback optical fiber 8, they form a semi-open resonant cavity, forming laser oscillation, and finally realizing random laser output of multiple wavelengths.
一种基于混合增益的多波长随机光纤激光器工作原理：The working principle of a multi-wavelength random fiber laser based on hybrid gain:
掺铒光纤泵浦激光源3的激光将掺铒光纤5中的Er3+激发到高能级，布里渊泵浦激光源1的激光通过第一环形器2进入环形结构中，被掺铒光纤5放大，然后进入产生布里渊效应的光纤6。在产生布里渊效应的光纤6中产生逆时针方向传播的一阶受激布里渊散射和布里渊泵浦激光的瑞利背向散射。逆时针方向传播的一阶受激布里渊散射和布里渊泵浦激光的瑞利背向散射光被掺铒光纤5再次放大，然后经过第一环形器2、第二环形器7，进入随机分布反馈光纤8。如果布里渊泵浦功率足够高，其产生的一阶受激布里渊功率发生饱和，在随机分布反馈光纤8中会产生背向传播的二阶受激布里渊散射。新产生的二阶受激布里渊背向散射光，以及随机分布反馈光纤8中一阶受激布里渊散射的瑞利背向散射光，部分地反射回环形结构中继续传播。剩余的光从随机分布反馈光纤8的另一端形成随机激光输出。当布里渊泵浦功率足够高时，由于低阶布里渊散射的饱和效应，高阶布里渊散射不断产生，最终实现多波长的随机激光输出。The laser light of the erbium-doped fiber pumping laser source 3 excites Er 3+ in the erbium-doped fiber 5 to a high energy level, and the laser light of the Brillouin pumping laser source 1 enters the ring structure through the first circulator 2, and the erbium-doped fiber 5 to amplify, and then enter the optical fiber 6 that produces the Brillouin effect. First-order stimulated Brillouin scattering propagating counterclockwise and Rayleigh backscattering of the Brillouin pump laser light are generated in the optical fiber 6 that produces the Brillouin effect. The first-order stimulated Brillouin scattering propagating counterclockwise and the Rayleigh backscattering light of the Brillouin pump laser are amplified again by the erbium-doped fiber 5, then pass through the first circulator 2 and the second circulator 7, and enter the random Distributed feedback optical fiber 8 . If the Brillouin pump power is high enough, the first-order stimulated Brillouin power generated by it will be saturated, and the back-propagating second-order stimulated Brillouin scattering will be generated in the randomly distributed feedback fiber 8 . The newly generated second-order stimulated Brillouin backscattered light and the Rayleigh backscattered light of the first-order stimulated Brillouin scattered in the randomly distributed feedback fiber 8 are partially reflected back into the ring structure to continue propagating. The remaining light forms a random laser output from the other end of the randomly distributed feedback fiber 8 . When the Brillouin pump power is high enough, due to the saturation effect of low-order Brillouin scattering, high-order Brillouin scattering is continuously generated, and finally multi-wavelength random laser output is realized.
实施例Example
图2为输出1～3个波长的输出光谱图，图3为输出为多个波长的输出光谱图，与其对应的多波长随机光纤激光器如图1所示。其中掺铒光纤5长度为1m，产生布里渊效应的光纤6为10km的单模光纤，随机分布反馈光纤8为20km的单模光纤。布里渊泵浦激光源1波长为1550nm，掺铒光纤泵浦激光源3波长为980nm，波分复用器4工作波长为980nm/1550nm。与图2中从下往上三条曲线对应的布里渊泵浦激光源1泵浦功率均为2mW，掺铒光纤泵浦激光源3的泵浦功率依次为150mW、227mW和285mW。与图3中对应的布里渊泵浦激光源1泵浦功率为2mW，掺铒光纤泵浦激光源3的泵浦功率为425mW。Figure 2 is an output spectrum diagram of 1 to 3 wavelengths, and Figure 3 is an output spectrum diagram of multiple wavelengths, and the corresponding multi-wavelength random fiber laser is shown in Figure 1. The length of the erbium-doped optical fiber 5 is 1 m, the optical fiber 6 producing the Brillouin effect is a 10 km single-mode optical fiber, and the randomly distributed feedback optical fiber 8 is a 20 km single-mode optical fiber. The wavelength of the Brillouin pumping laser source 1 is 1550nm, the wavelength of the erbium-doped fiber pumping laser source 3 is 980nm, and the working wavelength of the wavelength division multiplexer 4 is 980nm/1550nm. The pumping power of the Brillouin pumping laser source 1 corresponding to the three curves from bottom to top in Fig. 2 is 2mW, and the pumping power of the erbium-doped fiber pumping laser source 3 is 150mW, 227mW and 285mW in turn. The pumping power of the Brillouin pumping laser source 1 corresponding to FIG. 3 is 2 mW, and the pumping power of the erbium-doped fiber pumping laser source 3 is 425 mW.
1550nm布里渊泵浦激光源1经第一环形器一端口100进入环形结构，第一环形器二端口101与1550nm的波分复用器一端口103相连，980nm的波分复用器二端口104与980nm掺铒光纤泵浦激光源3相连，波分复用器三端口105与1m的掺铒光纤5相连，掺铒光纤5的另一端与10km的产生布里渊效应的光纤6相连。10km的产生布里渊效应的光纤6的另一端与第二环形器三端口108相连，第一环形器三端口102与第二环形器一端口106相连，第二环形器二端口107与20km的随机分布反馈光纤8的一端相连。随机分布反馈光纤8的另一端输出多波长的随机激光。1550nm布里渊泵浦激光源1经第一环形器一端口100进入环形结构后，被掺铒光纤5放大，然后进入产生布里渊效应的光纤6中产生受激布里渊散射和瑞利背向散射，产生的一阶受激布里渊散射和瑞利背向散射光逆时针方向传播，再次被掺铒光纤放大。然后经由波分复用器4、第一环形器2和第二环形器7进入随机分布反馈光纤8。如果1550nm布里渊泵浦激光的功率足够高，一阶受激布里渊散射的功率将达到饱和，在随机分布反馈光纤8产生二阶受激布里渊背向散射和瑞利背向散射。二阶布里渊散射经环形结构后，再次到达随机分布反馈光纤8，产生三阶受激布里渊散射和瑞利背向散射。这个过程不断进行，就可以产生更多的高阶布里渊散射。所有的布里渊散射和瑞利背向散射光会被随机分布反馈光纤8部分地反射回环形结构中，剩余的各阶布里渊散射光和瑞利背向散射光从随机分布反馈光纤8另一端输出，产生多波长随机激光。The 1550nm Brillouin pump laser source 1 enters the ring structure through the first port 100 of the first circulator, the second port 101 of the first circulator is connected with the first port 103 of the 1550nm wavelength division multiplexer, and the second port of the 980nm wavelength division multiplexer 104 is connected with the 980nm erbium-doped fiber pumping laser source 3, the three ports 105 of the wavelength division multiplexer are connected with the 1m erbium-doped fiber 5, and the other end of the erbium-doped fiber 5 is connected with the 10km Brillouin effect-producing fiber 6. The other end of the optical fiber 6 that produces the Brillouin effect of 10km is connected with the second circulator three ports 108, the first circulator three ports 102 are connected with the second circulator one port 106, and the second circulator two ports 107 are connected with the 20km One end of the randomly distributed feedback optical fiber 8 is connected. The other end of the randomly distributed feedback fiber 8 outputs random lasers of multiple wavelengths. The 1550nm Brillouin pump laser source 1 enters the ring structure through the first circulator-port 100, is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber 5, and then enters the optical fiber 6 that produces the Brillouin effect to generate stimulated Brillouin scattering and Rayleigh Backscattering, the generated first-order stimulated Brillouin scattering and Rayleigh backscattering light propagates counterclockwise, and is again amplified by the erbium-doped fiber. Then enter the random distribution feedback fiber 8 via the wavelength division multiplexer 4 , the first circulator 2 and the second circulator 7 . If the power of the 1550nm Brillouin pump laser is high enough, the power of the first-order stimulated Brillouin scattering will be saturated, and the second-order stimulated Brillouin backscattering and Rayleigh backscattering will be generated in the randomly distributed feedback fiber 8 . After the second-order Brillouin scattering passes through the ring structure, it reaches the randomly distributed feedback fiber 8 again to generate third-order stimulated Brillouin scattering and Rayleigh backscattering. This process continues to produce more high-order Brillouin scattering. All the Brillouin scattering and Rayleigh backscattering light will be partially reflected back into the ring structure by the randomly distributed feedback fiber 8, and the remaining Brillouin scattered light and Rayleigh backscattering light of each order will be sent from the randomly distributed feedback fiber 8 The output at the other end produces multi-wavelength random laser light.
以上实施例只是本发明所有方案中优选方案之一，其它对基于混合增益的多波长随机光纤激光器结构的简单改变都属于本发明所保护的范围。The above embodiment is only one of the preferred solutions among all the solutions of the present invention, and other simple changes to the structure of the mixed gain-based multi-wavelength random fiber laser all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN106961066B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2023-07-28 | 河北大学 | Half-open-cavity multi-wavelength random fiber laser based on overlapped fiber bragg gratings |
| CN106998030B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2023-07-28 | 河北大学 | A semi-open-cavity linearly polarized and ultra-narrow linewidth multi-wavelength random fiber laser |
| CN107248690B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-11-12 | 电子科技大学 | A hybrid-cavity dual-wavelength narrow-linewidth fiber laser |
| CN107271027B (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2020-05-12 | 电子科技大学 | Optical fiber sound wave sensing system based on broadband weak reflecting mirror and random laser |
| CN109038195B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-08-04 | 电子科技大学 | Mixed cavity type cascaded multi-wavelength narrow linewidth optical fiber laser |
| CN109632076A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-16 | 电子科技大学 | The amplification system and method for long-distance optical fiber distribution sound wave sensing |
| CN109698460B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-12-04 | 南京邮电大学 | A Half-Open-Cavity Multiwavelength Brillouin-Erbium-Doped Fiber Random Laser |
| CN111244735B (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2022-03-25 | 广东工业大学 | Annular narrow-band fiber grating random laser and method for generating random laser |
| CN112582866B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-07-26 | 北京航天测控技术有限公司 | Random fiber laser and random fiber laser generation method |
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