CN103576610A - Machine tool, machining method, program and NC data generation device - Google Patents
Machine tool, machining method, program and NC data generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103576610A CN103576610A CN201210273934.3A CN201210273934A CN103576610A CN 103576610 A CN103576610 A CN 103576610A CN 201210273934 A CN201210273934 A CN 201210273934A CN 103576610 A CN103576610 A CN 103576610A
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Abstract
The invention provides a machine tool, a machining method, a program and an NC data generation device. The machining method comprises the steps of carrying out machining while the relative position and the relative angle between a workpiece and a tool are changed on a plane which at least comprises a section of the workpiece through relative movement between the workpiece with the non-circular section and the tool, the angular velocity of inclination, relative to the workpiece, of the tool is constant, the feeding speed of cutting is kept to be constant, calculating the sum (thetase) of changes of the relative angle between the workpiece (50) and the tool (8) from a starting point (Ps) of machining through the tool (8) and a finishing point (Pe) of machining through the tool (8) on a specified path when machining is carried out along the specified path of the workpiece (50), evenly distributing the time needed by machining along the specified path on a tool path, carrying out continuously-changing machining by the equal relative angle between the tool (8) and the workpiece (50) when the tool (8) passes through the equal division points of the time on the tool path, wherein the sum (thetase) of the changes of the relative angle between the workpiece (50) and the tool (8) is equally divided into the equal angles, and the number of the equal angles is equal to the number of the time intervals of the time needed by machining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lathe, job operation, program and NC data generating device, it relatively moves by the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, in a plane of section that at least comprises workpiece, make the relative position of workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, Yi Bian process.
Background technology
In recent years, in component processing and metal processing and other fields, as Patent Document 1, use has mutually orthogonal three straight moving axis of X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis and around rotating two revolving shaftes of direction of principal axis of two straight moving axis having selected from three straight moving axis, can control 5 axles of straight moving axis and revolving shaft simultaneously and control lathes.5 axles control lathes so are roughly divided into 5 axle controlled working centers of additional two revolving shaftes of the work in-process heart and are controlled composite processors with 5 axles that the main shaft that can carry out Milling Process is arranged on NC rotating disk revolvably, in arbitrary device, can both carry out turning processing and Milling Process by one.In addition, 5 axles are controlled lathe, even the workpiece with section non-circular shape, complicated shape such as the fan blade of the jet engine for aircraft, turbine blade (hereinafter referred to as blade) etc., also can with respect to workpiece, make tool tilt and change the instrument posture of instrument, process thus.
5 axles as above are controlled the job sequence of lathe, and the action of controlling lathe due to 5 axles is complicated, therefore, generally by computer supported manufacturing installation (below also referred to as CAM device), is generated.Such CAM device has following instrument forward terminal and controls function: make 5 axles control the straight moving axis of lathes and revolving shaft drive simultaneously process in 5 axles add man-hour, carry out instrument posture change and the Workpiece length revisal of instrument, with instrument front end along by instruction path by by instruction the speed mode of moving control.And while being controlled at by such instrument forward terminal that simultaneously 5 axles processing drive instruction, the instrument posture of instrument becomes important.
For example, when the shape of the complexity such as machining blade, the component parts interference for the workpiece beyond avoidance instrument and processing stand, 5 axles control lathes, must make the instrument posture of instrument change continuously.In addition, for example, with instruments such as ball end mills, add man-hour, if make the axis (hereinafter referred to as tool spindle) of instrument consistent with the normal to a surface of workpiece, in the cutting speed of portion foremost of instrument, do not carrying out good processing with improving.Thus, with instruments such as ball end mills, add man-hour, in order to realize the raising of surface texture, instrument need to be tilted by the normal to a surface with respect to workpiece.Like this, 5 axles add man-hour when carrying out instruction by the control of instrument forward terminal at the same time, and the control of the instrument posture of instrument becomes important, and the establishing method of the instrument posture of instrument becomes important.
For example, in the CAM software (ソ Off ト ウ ェ ア) " ESPRIT " of DP technique company (DP テ Network ノ ロジ ー society), as 5 axles, control the establishing method of the instrument posture of the instrument in lathe, be provided with 4 kinds of methods.The first establishing method is, make the tool spindle of instrument and the normal to a surface of workpiece consistent, the surface of instrument and workpiece is vertically arranged, or " face vertical (face is straight) " method that the tool spindle of instrument is arranged obliquely with respect to the normal to a surface inclination fixed angle of workpiece.The second establishing method is, the tool spindle that makes instrument is with to link the point of appointment and the line of instrument front end consistent, by instrument towards the point of appointment " point by " method of arranging.The third establishing method is, no matter the shape of machined surface arranges " fixed vector " method of the tool spindle of instrument as fixed angle how.The 4th kind of establishing method be, makes the tool spindle of instrument and " imitative type (プ ロ フ ィ ー the Le) " method that links the curve of appointment and the line of instrument front end in the shortest mode and as one man arrange.
Yet, even if use the instrument posture of above-mentioned four kinds of establishing method setting means, when the blade of processing section non-circular shape, also have the possibility that following problems produces.For example, when the instrument posture of " face the is vertical " method of use setting means, due to the surface of instrument and workpiece is vertically arranged, therefore in the non-circular blade of section, the region that the instrument posture of generation instrument changes hastily, in such region, instrument must be driven with the speed than other region several times (or acceleration).Thus, by making 5 axles of tool drives control the driving force of the drive division of lathe, have and can not make instrument drive with such actuating speed, than other region cutting speed of feed, reduce, can not make to cut footpath speed and keep certain possibility.
Specifically, as shown in figure 16, the in the situation that of the elliptoid blade of section 100, among the tool path moving at the instrument front end of instrument 110, in the 100a(Figure 16 of the first area of major axis 120 directions from Q
1to Q
2region) and second area 100b(Figure 16 in from Q
3to Q
4region) in, than other the instrument posture of region 100c instrument 110, change hastily.; as shown in Figure 17 (A) ~ Figure 17 (C), Figure 17 (E) ~ Figure 17 (G); 5 axles are controlled the drive division of lathe; in the 100c of other regions; can make blade 100 drive in the revolution of C direction; and, make instrument 110 driven on carriage direction F, make instrument 110 with by instruction cutting speed of feed with respect to the surface of blade 100, vertically arrange.
Yet, as shown in Figure 17 (C)～Figure 17 (E), 5 axles are controlled the drive division of lathe, even in the 100a of first area, make instrument 110 with by instruction cutting speed of feed with respect to the surface of blade 100, vertically arrange, the instrument posture of instrument 110 is change hastily also, therefore can not with by instruction cutting speed of feed drive, compare cutting speed of feed with other region 100c and reduce, can not make to cut footpath speed and keep certain.
Equally, 5 axles are controlled the drive division of lathe, even in second area 100b, the instrument posture of instrument 110 is change hastily also, therefore can not with by instruction cutting speed of feed drive, than other region 100c, cutting speed of feed reduces, and can not make to cut footpath speed and keep certain.
In addition, there is following possibility: 5 axles are controlled the drive division of lathe, even if use the instrument posture of the method setting means of above-mentioned other beyond " face is vertical " method, similarly, the region that generation makes instrument drive with the speed than other region several times (or acceleration), in such region, than by instruction cutting speed of feed, Speed Reduction, can not make to cut speed of feed and keep certain.
In addition, when machining blade 100, as shown in figure 16, if start the processing on tool path initial point Qs instrument 110 instrument posture and 100 times three-sixth turns of blade are finished add the instrument posture of instrument 110 of terminal Qe in man-hour inconsistent, can not process continuously.Yet, in the additive method beyond " face is vertical " method, there is the instrument posture and the different possibility of instrument posture of instrument 110 that makes the terminal Qe of 100 times three-sixth turns of blade of the instrument 110 of initial point Qs, machining blade 100 continuously.
Therefore, except above-mentioned four kinds of methods, expect the establishing method of the instrument posture of following instrument: avoid applying burden ground more than driving force on the drive division of 5 axles control lathes, by the instrument posture change equalization of instrument, make along with the angular velocity of the inclination of the instrument of the variation of the instrument posture of instrument is certain, make the initial point Qs of the processing from beginning tool path certain to the cutting speed of feed maintenance of the terminal Qe finishing, in addition, even workpiece is returned to three-sixth turn, at initial point Qs and terminal Qe, the instrument posture of instrument 110 is also identical.
Prior art document
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2006-289511 communique
Summary of the invention
The present invention makes in order to solve such situation, its objective is relatively moving by the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument is provided, in a plane of section that at least comprises workpiece, make the relative position of workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, process on one side, make the variation equalization of the instrument posture of instrument, make instrument certain with respect to the angular velocity of the inclination of workpiece, make to cut speed of feed and keep certain, shorten process time, realize lathe, job operation, program and the NC data generating device of the raising of surface texture.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of lathe, it is characterized in that, it possesses processing department and control part,
This processing department has: be provided with the workpiece of section non-circular shape a main shaft, another main shaft of instrument is installed and can relatively moves and support the supporting device of an above-mentioned main shaft with respect to above-mentioned workpiece, and this processing department relatively moves by above-mentioned workpiece and instrument, in a plane of section that at least comprises above-mentioned workpiece, make the relative position of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, process on one side
This control part has CPU, ROM and RAM, and above-mentioned CPU, according to being contained in the control program in above-mentioned ROM, controls above-mentioned processing department,
Above-mentioned control part comprises:
Calculate the computing unit of the summation that initial point that the processing from being undertaken by above-mentioned instrument starts changes to the relative angle terminal of process finishing, above-mentioned workpiece and instrument;
By needed time of processing from initial point to terminal etc. minute be distributed in the allocation units on tool path;
The time of the summation that above-mentioned relative angle is changed and above-mentioned machining need comparably decile etc. subdivision; And
Along ent from the Along ent of a time to the next time, with by above-mentioned wait subdivision decile each angular metric change continuously the change unit of the tool spindle of instrument.
The present invention also provides a kind of NC data generating device, it possesses control part, this control part generates for controlling the NC data of lathe, above-mentioned lathe has processing department, this processing department has: the main shaft that the workpiece of section non-circular shape is installed, another main shaft of instrument is installed and can relatively moves and support the supporting device of an above-mentioned main shaft with respect to above-mentioned workpiece, and this processing department relatively moves by above-mentioned workpiece and instrument, in a plane of section that at least comprises above-mentioned workpiece, make the relative position of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, process on one side, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned control part has CPU, ROM and RAM, and above-mentioned CPU, according to being contained in the control program in above-mentioned ROM, controls above-mentioned processing department,
Above-mentioned control part comprises in addition:
Calculate the computing unit of the summation that initial point that the processing from being undertaken by above-mentioned instrument starts changes to the relative angle terminal of process finishing, above-mentioned workpiece and instrument;
By needed time of processing from initial point to terminal etc. minute be distributed in the allocation units on tool path;
The time of the summation that above-mentioned relative angle is changed and above-mentioned machining need comparably decile etc. subdivision; And
Along ent from the Along ent of a time to the next time, with by above-mentioned wait subdivision decile each angular metric change continuously the change unit of the tool spindle of instrument.
In addition, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, about lathe of the present invention, by relatively moving of the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, in a plane of section that at least comprises workpiece, make the relative position of workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, Yi Bian process.In addition, about lathe of the present invention, path in the regulation on workpiece adds man-hour, calculate on the path of the regulation point that starts from the processing of being undertaken by instrument to the point of process finishing, the summation that the relative angle of workpiece and instrument changes, and, by needed time of processing etc. in the path along regulation minute be distributed on tool path, during Along ent at instrument by each time on tool path, relative angle between instrument and workpiece with time of summation that relative angle is changed and machining need comparably decile angular metric process continuously with changing.Such lathe, for example, possess installation portion, the instrument in the regulation region of processing work that the workpiece revolution that made to be mounted drives and the control part of controlling the action of installation portion and instrument, and control part carries out above-mentioned processing.
In addition, job operation of the present invention, by relatively moving of the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, Yi Bian in a plane of section that at least comprises workpiece, make the relative position of workpiece and instrument and relative angle change, Yi Bian process.In addition, relevant job operation of the present invention, path in the regulation on workpiece adds man-hour, calculate on the path of the regulation point that starts from the processing of being undertaken by instrument to the point of process finishing, the summation that between workpiece and instrument, relative angle changes, and, by needed time of processing etc. in the path along regulation minute be distributed on tool path, during Along ent at instrument by each time on tool path, relative angle between instrument and workpiece with time of summation that relative angle is changed and machining need comparably the angular metric of decile process continuously with changing.
In addition, relevant program of the present invention, following job operation is carried out in computing machine: by relatively moving of the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, in a plane of section that at least comprises workpiece, make the relative position of workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, Yi Bian the job operation of the lathe of processing.In addition, relevant program of the present invention, in computing machine, path in the regulation on workpiece adds man-hour, calculate on the path of the regulation point that starts from the processing of being undertaken by instrument to the point of process finishing, the summation that the relative angle of workpiece and instrument changes, and, by needed time of processing etc. in the path along regulation minute be distributed on tool path, during Along ent at instrument by each time on tool path, the relative angle of instrument and workpiece with time of summation that relative angle is changed and machining need comparably the angular metric of decile process continuously with changing.Such program can, via the recording medium of disk, CD, photomagneto disk, semiconductor memory etc., distributed via network, be arranged in control part.
In addition, about NC data generating device of the present invention, it generates for controlling the NC data of lathe, this lathe relatively moves by the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, in a plane of section that at least comprises workpiece, make the relative position of workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, Yi Bian process.In addition, about NC data generating device of the present invention, generate the NC data of processing as follows: the path in the regulation on workpiece adds man-hour, calculate on the path of the regulation point that starts from the processing being produced by instrument to the point of process finishing, the summation that the relative angle of workpiece and instrument changes, and, by needed time of processing etc. in the path along regulation minute be distributed on tool path, during Along ent at instrument by each time on tool path, the relative angle of instrument and workpiece with time of summation that relative angle is changed and machining need comparably the angular metric of decile process continuously with changing.
According to lathe of the present invention, the path of the regulation on the workpiece along section non-circular shape adds man-hour, calculate on the path of the regulation point that starts from the processing being produced by instrument to the point of process finishing, the summation that the relative angle of workpiece and instrument changes, and, by needed time of processing etc. in the path along regulation minute be distributed on tool path, during Along ent at instrument by each time on tool path, the relative angle of instrument and workpiece with time of summation that relative angle is changed and machining need comparably the angular metric of decile process continuously with changing, like this, make the variation equalization of the instrument posture of instrument, can make instrument certain with respect to the angular velocity of the inclination of workpiece.Thereby, according to lathe of the present invention, path along the regulation on the workpiece of section non-circular shape adds man-hour as in the past, can not produce the region that the instrument posture of instrument changes hastily, in such region, cutting speed of feed reduces, and cutting speed of feed can be remained necessarily.Therefore, according to lathe of the present invention, compared with the past, can be shortened process time, realize the raising of surface texture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereographic map that has been suitable for lathe of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram that has been suitable for lathe of the present invention.
Fig. 3 means the process flow diagram of order of the instrument posture of use " nose angle (ツ ー Le ア Application グ Le) " method setting means.
Fig. 4 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the initial point when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Fig. 5 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 1st Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Fig. 6 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 2nd Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Fig. 7 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 3rd Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Fig. 8 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 4th Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Fig. 9 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 5th Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Figure 10 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 6th Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Figure 11 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 7th Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Figure 12 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 8th Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Figure 13 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 9th Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Figure 14 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the 10th Along ent when using " nose angle " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Figure 15 means the cut-open view of modified example of instrument posture of the tool spindle of the instrument when using the instrument posture of " nose angle " method setting means.
Figure 16 means the cut-open view of instrument posture of tool spindle of the instrument of the initial point when using " face is vertical " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Figure 17 means the cut-open view of the instrument posture of the tool spindle from initial point instrument to terminal when using " face is vertical " method to set the instrument posture of instrument.
Figure 18 means the structural drawing of the control part of lathe of the present invention.
The explanation of Reference numeral
1 ... composite processor, 2 ... base, 3 ... the first fast headstock, 4 ... the second fast headstock, 5 ... knife rest, 5a ... capstan head, 5b ... CD-ROM drive motor, 6 ... the 3rd main shaft, 6a ... CD-ROM drive motor, 7 ... the instrument of turning processing use, 8 ... the instrument that Milling Process is used, 8a ... instrument front end, 8b ... tool spindle, 10 ... the first main shaft, 11 ... the second main shaft, 10a ... chuck, 10b ... CD-ROM drive motor, 11a ... chuck, 11b ... CD-ROM drive motor, 11c ... CD-ROM drive motor, 12 ... support unit, 12a ... Z axis transports parts, 12b ... X-axis is transported parts, 12c ... CD-ROM drive motor, 12d ... CD-ROM drive motor, 13 ... main shaft supporting mechanism, 14 ... column, 15 ... mounting, 15a ... CD-ROM drive motor, 16 ... transverse slider, 16a ... CD-ROM drive motor, 17 ... staking punch (ラ system), 17a ... CD-ROM drive motor, 17b ... CD-ROM drive motor, 20 ... control part, 21 ... CPU, 22 ... ROM, 23 ... RAM, 24 ... NC data generating unit, 25 ... control signal generating unit, 30 ... drive division, 40 ... external device (ED), 50 ... workpiece.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, to being suitable for lathe of the present invention, be described in detail on one side on one side below.In addition, at this, to being suitable for lathe of the present invention, the main shaft that can carry out Milling Process of take is arranged on NC rotating disk revolvably and the composite processor that can simultaneously carry out 5 axle processing describes as example.In addition, alleged all around refers to from the positive all around of seeing of machinery in the present embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, from machinery front as shown in Figure 1, be suitable for composite processor 1 of the present invention and possessed: base 2; Be provided in the first fast headstock 3 on base 2; Become the second fast headstock 4 coaxial with the first fast headstock 3, can be provided in movably Z axis (left and right) direction on base 2; Between the first and second fast headstock 3,4 on base 2, can be provided in movably the knife rest 5 of X-axis (up and down) and Z-direction; On base 2, can be provided in movably the 3rd main shaft 6 of X-axis, Y-axis (front and back) and Z-direction and the whole control part 20 of this composite processor 1 of control.
As shown in Figure 1, mutually relative the first and second main shaft 10,11 revolutions are freely inserted on the first and second fast headstock 3,4 respectively.The first and second main shaft 10,11, is provided with respectively the chuck 10a, the 11a that control workpiece above, with CD- ROM drive motor 10b, 11b, in the C of the direction of the axle around Z axis direction, turned round driving, accordingly, the workpiece revolution of installing is driven.In addition, the second fast headstock 4 for example, by being configured in abreast the guide rail on base 2 with Z axis, can be supported in Z-direction movably, and the ball-screw being screwed into drives with CD-ROM drive motor 11c revolution, accordingly, driven in Z-direction.
The axis of the instrument 8 that the 3rd main shaft 6 is used with Milling Process and the mode of Y-axis quadrature are installed, and by CD-ROM drive motor 6a revolution, are driven.In addition, the 3rd main shaft 6 is by main shaft supporting mechanism 13, driven in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction, and is driven in rotation in the axial B direction around Y-axis, carries out accordingly so-called B axle processing.
Main shaft supporting mechanism 13 has: be fixed on the column 14 on base 2; In Z-direction, can be supported in movably the mounting 15 of column 14; In X-direction, can be supported in movably the transverse slider 16 of mounting 15; With in Y direction, can be supported in movably transverse slider 16 and around the axial B direction of Y-axis, support revolvably the staking punch 17 of the 3rd main shaft 6.
For example, mounting 15 can be supported in column 14 in Z-direction movably by the guide rail configuring abreast with Z axis, and the ball-screw being screwed into is driven by CD-ROM drive motor 15a revolution, accordingly, driven in Z-direction.Transverse slider 16 can be supported in mounting 15 in X-direction movably by the guide rail configuring abreast with X-axis, and the ball-screw being screwed into is driven by CD-ROM drive motor 16a revolution, accordingly, driven in X-direction.Staking punch 17 can be supported in transverse slider 16 in Y direction movably by the guide rail configuring abreast with Y-axis, the ball-screw being screwed into is driven by CD-ROM drive motor 17a revolution, accordingly, driven in Y direction, and, the power transmission member that is arranged on the worm gear etc. of the 3rd main shaft 6 is driven by CD-ROM drive motor 17b revolution, accordingly, the 3rd main shaft 6 is driven at the axial B direction rotation around Y-axis.
As shown in Figure 2, control part 20 controls the CD-ROM drive motor 10b of the first main shaft 10, the CD-ROM drive motor 11c of the CD-ROM drive motor 11b of the second main shaft 11, the second fast headstock 4, the CD-ROM drive motor 5b of capstan head 5a, Z axis transport that CD-ROM drive motor 12c, the X-axis of parts 12a are transported the CD-ROM drive motor 12d of parts 12b, the CD-ROM drive motor 15a of the CD-ROM drive motor 6a of the 3rd main shaft 6, mounting 15, the CD-ROM drive motor 17a of the CD-ROM drive motor 16a of transverse slider 16, staking punch 17, below 17b(, also sum up and be called drive division 30) driving, control the whole action of composite processor 1.
Specifically, control part 20 is by being formed with the computing machine that CPU21, ROM22, RAM23 etc. form, from accommodating the ROM22 of the control program of controlling molar behavior, temporarily control program is read in to RAM23, the calculation process of stipulating according to control program with CPU21, controls the whole action of composite processor 1.
In addition, control part 20 has generation NC data and as the NC data generating unit 24 of CAM device performance function with according to the NC data that generated by NC data generating unit 24, generates for driving the control signal generating unit 25 of the control signal of drive division 30.
The NC data generating unit 24 of control part 20 is as computer support design apparatus (below also referred to as CAD device) performance function, if from external device (ED) 40 input shape data and the processing conditions data with composite processor 1 split,, according to shape data and processing conditions data, generate the NC data that comprise the following content in the machining area on workpiece: the instrument posture when mobile route of instrument, the cutting speed of feed moving along this tool path instrument front end, instrument move with this cutting speed of feed along this tool path etc.
Be input to the shape data of NC data generating unit 24, for externally installing the data of 40 generations, for example, for final shape, size and the polished surface precision of workpiece after processing, the data of the stock material shapes etc. of the workpiece before the starting material material of workpiece, processing.In addition, the processing conditions that is input to NC data generating unit 24 is for example, the kind of instrument (pattern, material etc.), the cutting speed of setting by every kind of tool kind according to tool diameter, starting material material, the data such as each rotating cutting output, surplus.In addition, control part 20 can also have the processing conditions recording unit that hard disk by pre-recorded processing conditions data etc. forms.
In addition, NC data generating unit 24, when the instrument posture of setting means, is set in the mode of the component parts interference of the workpiece beyond avoidance instrument and processing stand, composite processor 1.In addition, NC data generating unit 24 is used following methods to set the instrument posture of instrument: make the tool spindle of instrument and the normal to a surface of workpiece consistent, the surface of instrument and workpiece is vertically arranged, or by the tool spindle of instrument with respect to the normal to a surface inclination fixed angle of workpiece " face is vertical " method of arranging; The tool spindle that makes instrument is with to link the point of appointment and the line of instrument front end consistent, by instrument towards the point of appointment " point by " method of arranging; No matter the shape of machined surface as how arranged " fixed vector " method of the tool spindle of instrument fixed angle; The tool spindle that makes instrument and " imitative type " method that links the curve of appointment and the line of instrument front end in the shortest mode and as one man arrange.
In addition, NC data generating unit 24, except using the instrument posture of above-mentioned four kinds of establishing method setting means, is also used " nose angle " described later method, the instrument posture of setting means.
The control signal generating unit 25 of control part 20, according to the NC data that comprise the instrument posture of instrument, the control signal that generation drives the drive division 30 of composite processor 1, the control signal having generated is outputed to the drive division 30 of composite processor 1, the instrument posture of this instrument is used any in above-mentioned five kinds of establishing methods to set by NC data generating unit 24.
In addition, each of the NC data generating unit 24 of control part 20 processed, and by the program being arranged in the ROM22, hard disk etc. of the computing machine that forms control part 20, carries out.This program can be from the recording medium of disk, CD, photomagneto disk, semiconductor memory etc., outside signal conditioning package be distributed via network, is arranged in the ROM22, hard disk etc. of control part 20.
The composite processor 1 with above such formation, as mentioned above, in NC data generating unit 24, according to the shape data and the processing conditions data that are input to control part 20 from external device (ED) 40, generate NC data, the NC data that generated are outputed to control signal generating unit 25.Then, composite processor 1, in control signal generating unit 25, according to the NC data of having inputted from NC data generating unit 24, generates the control signal that drive division 30 is driven, and the control signal having generated is outputed to drive division 30, and drive division 30 is driven.Then, composite processor 1, for example, can will be installed on a side or two sides of the chuck 10a of the first main shaft 10 or the chuck 11a of the second main shaft 11, around the axial C direction of Z axis, turned round the workpiece of driving, with capstan head, in X-axis and/or Z axis, drive the mode of the instrument 7 of the turning processing use that is installed in capstan head 5a to carry out turning processing, meanwhile, can be to drive in X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis and to drive the mode that is installed in the instrument 8 that the Milling Process of the 3rd main shaft 6 uses to carry out Milling Process around the axial B direction revolution of Y-axis.
Then, with reference to the NC data generating unit 24 of the flowchart text control part 20 of Fig. 3, use the method for the instrument posture of " nose angle " method setting means." nose angle " method of being somebody's turn to do, for example, as shown in Figure 4, makes 50 times three-sixth turns of the elliptoid workpiece of section, carries out blade (Block レ ー De) and adds use in man-hour.Therefore, at this, to be arranged on the elliptoid workpiece 50 of section of the chuck 10a of the first main shaft 10, in the axial C direction around Z axis, by 360 degree revolutions, driven, the situation of instrument 8 Milling Process of being used by the Milling Process that is installed in the 3rd main shaft 6 is that example describes.
As shown in Figure 3, in step S1, on the tool path of NC data generating unit 24 in the periphery that is arranged at workpiece 50, calculate the summation θ se that initial point Ps from start processing by instrument 8 changes to relative angle terminal Pe, between workpiece 50 and instrument 8 that finishes processing.Specifically, the summation θ se that this relative angle changes is following angle: the angle (below also referred to as initial point angle) with respect to the tool spindle 8b of the instrument 8 in initial point Ps with respect to the normal to a surface Ns of workpiece 50, the tool spindle 8b of the instrument 8 in terminal Pe is with respect to the angle (below also referred to as terminal angle) of the normal to a surface Ne of workpiece 50, the angle relatively having changed with respect to direction of feed F.That is, at this, as shown in Figure 4, although initial point angle is 0 degree, terminal angle is 0 degree, and instrument 8 returns three-sixth turn in the periphery of workpiece 50, and therefore, the summation θ se that relative angle changes is 360 degree.
Then,, in step S2, NC data generating unit 24 by along from the initial point Ps time that the machining of the tool path of Pe needs to terminal, is distributed on tool path decile.; NC data generating unit 24; by from the initial point Ps time that the machining of Pe needs to terminal; with quantity decile arbitrarily; Along ent using the set positions on corresponding tool path of each time with halved as the time, the time that the machining from the Along ent of a time to the Along ent of next time is needed equates.At this, as shown in Figure 4,20 deciles, have set Along ent (Ps, the P of time
1~ P
19, Pe).
Then, in step S3, NC data generating unit 24, the time that the summation θ se that relative angle is changed and machining need is decile equally.That is, at this, the summation θ se that relative angle changes is 360 degree, and therefore, by its 20 decile, every 18 degree are assigned to the Along ent of each time equably.
Then, in step S4, NC data generating unit 24, the arrow C direction revolution of workpiece 50 in Fig. 4 driven, and, make instrument 8 driven at direction of feed F as shown in Figure 4, make instrument 8 with by instruction cutting speed of feed drive, the instrument front end 8a that makes instrument 8 along tool path successively by Along ent Ps, the P of time
1, P
2... P
18, P
19, Pe.Now, NC data generating unit 24, makes the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8, and at the Along ent from a time, to the Along ent of next time, the angular metric being assigned with each changes continuously.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, NC data generating unit 24, the Along ent P from initial point Ps to the very first time
1between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the very first time to direction of feed F
1, 18 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
1).Then, as shown in Figure 6, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the very first time
1along ent P to the second time
2between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the second time to direction of feed F
2, than the Along ent P of the very first time
1inclination (θ
1) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 36 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
2).
Then, as shown in Figure 7, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the second time
2along ent P to the 3rd time
3between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the 3rd time to direction of feed F
3, than the Along ent P of the second time
2inclination (θ
2) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 54 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
3).Then, as shown in Figure 8, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the 3rd time
3along ent P to the 4th time
4between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the 4th time to direction of feed F
4, than the Along ent P of the 3rd time
3inclination (θ
3) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 72 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
4).
Then, as shown in Figure 9, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the 4th time
4along ent P to the 5th time
5between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the 5th time to direction of feed F
5, than the Along ent P of the 4th time
4inclination (θ
4) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 90 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
5).Then, as shown in figure 10, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the 5th time
5along ent P to the 6th time
6between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the 6th time to direction of feed F
6, than the Along ent P of the 5th time
5inclination (θ
5) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 108 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
6).
Then, as shown in figure 11, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the 6th time
6along ent P to the 7th time
7between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the 7th time to direction of feed F
7, than the Along ent P of the 6th time
6inclination (θ
6) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 126 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
7).Then, as shown in figure 12, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the 7th time
7along ent P to the 8th time
8between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the 8th time to direction of feed F
8, than the Along ent P of the 7th time
7inclination (θ
7) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 144 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
8).
Then, as shown in figure 13, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the 8th time
8along ent P to the 9th time
9between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the 9th time to direction of feed F
9, than the Along ent P of the 8th time
8inclination (θ
8) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 162 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
9).Then, as shown in figure 14, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the 9th time
9along ent P to the tenth time
10between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the tenth time to direction of feed F
10, than the Along ent P of the 9th time
9inclination (θ
9) more to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 180 degree (θ tilt from initial point angle to direction of feed F
10).
Then, NC data generating unit 24, in step S5, with the Along ent P from the very first time
1along ent P to the tenth time
10equally, from the Along ent P of the 11 time
11to terminal Pe, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously to direction of feed F, than the inclination of the most front Along ent, more to direction of feed F inclination 18, spend, as shown in Figure 4 at every turn, at the terminal Pe that becomes the Along ent of the 20th time, than the inclination of the instrument of initial point Ps 360 degree that more tilt.
As mentioned above, NC data generating unit 24, even in the instrument posture of passing through to use " nose angle " method setting means 8, thereby make 50 times three-sixth turns of the elliptoid workpiece of section and during machining blade, also can make the variation of instrument posture of instrument 8 impartial, make along with the angular velocity of the inclination of the instrument 8 of the variation of the instrument posture of instrument 8 is certain.Therefore, NC data generating unit 24, along section, the path of the regulation on elliptoid workpiece adds man-hour as in the past, the region that the instrument posture of generation instrument changes hastily, in such region, can make to cut speed of feed and not reduce, from starting the initial point Ps of the processing tool path, to the terminal Pe finishing, will cut speed of feed maintenance necessarily.Therefore, be suitable for composite processor 1 of the present invention compared with the past, can have shortened process time, realized the raising of surface texture.
In addition, NC data generating unit 24 is configured to, even if make 50 times three-sixth turns of workpiece, at initial point Ps and terminal Pe instrument 8, also can become same tool posture.Therefore, be suitable for composite processor 1 of the present invention machining blade continuously.
In addition, NC data generating unit 24, as initial point Ps, the 5th, the tenth, the 15 time Along ent P5, P10, P15 and terminal Pe, at the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 and the normal to a surface of workpiece 50 when consistent, in order to realize the raising of surface texture, also can make instrument 8 to Z-direction with direction of feed F quadrature tilt regulation angle arrange.
In addition, if NC data generating unit 24, between the Along ent of time, the variation of the instrument posture of average and instrument is impartial, and the angular velocity of the inclination of instrument 8 is certain, between the Along ent of time in, the variation of the instrument posture of instrument is unequal, and the angular velocity of the inclination of instrument 8 also can change.Even at this moment, between the Along ent of time, the variation of the instrument posture of average and instrument is impartial, and the angular velocity of the inclination of instrument 8 is certain, therefore cutting speed of feed can be kept to certain, can shorten process time, realizes the raising of surface texture.
In addition, the situation that initial point angle and terminal angle be 0 degree of take is example, " nose angle " method has been described, but be not limited to this, at initial point Ps and terminal Pe, in order to realize the raising of surface texture, as shown in figure 15, also can be by initial point angle and terminal angle, that is, by the tool spindle 8b of the instrument 8 of initial point Ps and terminal Pe with respect to the angle of normal to a surface Ns, the Ne of workpiece 50 to the tilt angle (θ s) of regulation of direction of feed F.
Now, in step S3, NC data generating unit 24, the Along ent P from initial point Ps to the very first time
1between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the Along ent P of the very first time to direction of feed F
1, 18 degree tilt from initial point angle θ s to direction of feed F.Then, NC data generating unit 24, from the Along ent P of the very first time
1along ent P to the second time
2between, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously, at the second time Along ent P to direction of feed F
2, than the Along ent P of the very first time
1more, to direction of feed F inclination 18 degree, 36 degree tilt from initial point angle θ s to direction of feed F.Similarly, NC data generating unit 24, at the Along ent P from the 3rd time
3to terminal Pe, the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 is tilted continuously to direction of feed F, than the inclination of the Along ent of the most front time, more to the each inclination 18 of direction of feed F, spend, at the terminal Pe that becomes the Along ent of the 20th time, than the inclination of the instrument of initial point Ps 360 degree that more tilt, become terminal angle θ s.
In addition, NC data generating unit 24, even when making initial point angle and terminal angle tilt angle (θ s), at the Along ent of time arbitrarily, in the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 and the normal to a surface direction of workpiece 50 when consistent, in order to realize the raising of surface texture, also can make the tool spindle 8b of instrument 8 with respect to the angle of the Z-direction inclination regulation with direction of feed F quadrature.
In addition, NC data generating unit 24, is not limited as 20 deciles of the distance from initial point Ps to terminal Pe and every sub-distribution 18 degree, so long as allow in angle in the processing that adds the instrument 8 using man-hour, can be divided into any quantity and distribute.
In addition, " nose angle " method is not limited as when processing section elliptoid workpiece 50 and uses, and for example, in processing, when the part of periphery has the oval calotte of workpiece 50 of section non-circular shape of oval calotte, can use yet.Now, NC data generating unit 24, using one end of oval calotte as initial point Ps, using the other end as terminal Pe, use the instrument posture of above-mentioned " nose angle " method setting means, like this, can make the angular velocity of inclination of instrument 8 certain, can make to cut speed of feed and keep certain.
In addition, " nose angle " method, for example, in a part for periphery or substantially have in the oval calotte of workpiece 50 of oval calotte and have the obstruction portion such as projection, even in this obstruction portion, instrument 8 is processed into be processed while allowing the oval calotte of the workpiece 50 outside angle, by as described below, also can use.Now, NC data generating unit 24, one end of oval calotte is made as to initial point Ps, one end of the initial point Ps side of obstruction portion is made as to terminal Pe, use the instrument posture of above-mentioned " nose angle " method setting means, in addition, the other end of obstruction portion is made as to new initial point Ps, the other end of oval calotte is made as to new terminal Pe, use the instrument posture of above-mentioned " nose angle " method setting means, like this, in the region beyond obstruction portion, can make the angular velocity of inclination of instrument 8 certain, make to cut speed of feed and keep certain.In addition, also can be between initial point Ps and terminal Pe, between new initial point Ps and new terminal Pe, the quantity of decile, the angle of distribution are different.
In addition, composite processor 1 is for to pack NC data generating unit 24 formation of control part 20 into, but also NC data generating unit 24 can be packed into composite processor 1 separately independently in computing machine.Now, independently computing machine, as CAM device performance function, becomes the NC data generating device that generates NC data separately.In addition, now, independently each is processed in the NC data generating unit 24 of computing machine separately, by the program being arranged on separately in the ROM, hard disk etc. of computing machine independently, carries out.This program can be from the recording medium of disk, CD, photomagneto disk, semiconductor memory etc., outside signal conditioning package be distributed via network, is arranged on separately in the ROM, hard disk etc. of computing machine independently.
And, the NC data generating unit 24 of computing machine independently separately, if shape data and processing conditions data are input to separately independently computing machine from the external device (ED) 40 as CAD device performance function, same when packing control part 20 into, generate NC data, the NC data that generated are outputed to the control part 20 of composite processor 1.And the control signal generating unit 25 of the control part 20 of composite processor 1, according to the NC data of having inputted, generates the control signal that the drive division 30 of composite processor 1 is driven, the control signal having generated is outputed to the drive division 30 of composite processor 1.Like this, composite processor 1, also can be used the instrument posture of " nose angle " method setting means, and elliptoid workpiece 50 Milling Process of section are become to foliated lamellar.
In addition, applicable lathe of the present invention, is not confined to composite processor, can be the 5 axle controlled working centers that the work in-process heart has added two revolving shaftes yet.For example, 5 axle controlled working centers, using the machining center of erect type as bottom, possess: the main shaft of the instrument that can drive and use towards Z-direction installation Milling Process at mutually orthogonal X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis; With the worktable that workpiece is installed, this worktable can, in the axial B direction of principal axis rotation around Y-axis, also can drive in the axial C direction of principal axis revolution around Z axis.In 5 such axle controlled workings in the heart, make the worktable that workpiece is installed at the axial B direction of principal axis 90-degree rotation around Y-axis, workpiece is driven in the revolution of C direction of principal axis, like this, same with composite processor 1, can use the instrument posture of " nose angle " method setting means, while make elliptoid workpiece 50 revolutions of section use the instrument Milling Process such as slotting cutter that are arranged on main shaft to become foliated lamellar.
Below control part 20 is further described.Figure 18 means the structural drawing of the control part of lathe of the present invention.This control part comprises: the computing unit that calculates the summation that initial point that the processing from being undertaken by above-mentioned instrument starts changes to the relative angle terminal of process finishing, above-mentioned workpiece and instrument; By needed time of processing from initial point to terminal etc. minute be distributed in the allocation units on tool path; The time of the summation that above-mentioned relative angle is changed and above-mentioned machining need comparably decile etc. subdivision; And the Along ent from the Along ent of a time to the next time, with by above-mentioned wait subdivision decile each angular metric change continuously the change unit of the tool spindle of instrument.
As previously mentioned, in Fig. 3, shown the process flow diagram of order of the instrument posture of setting means.Computing unit shown in Figure 18, allocation units, etc. subdivision and change unit be respectively used to realize the various functions of step S1, S2, S3 and S4 in Fig. 3, the function of these steps S1, S2, S3 and S4 can realize by the mode of hardware and/or software.By the included computing unit of control part 20, allocation units, etc. subdivision and change unit, instrument posture that can setting means, processes.NC data generating device according to the present invention also can possess control part as above, and this control part generates for controlling the NC data of lathe, thereby carries out workpiece processing.
Claims (4)
1. a lathe, by relatively moving of the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, Yi Bian make the relative position of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument and relative angle change in a plane of section that at least comprises above-mentioned workpiece, Yi Bian process, is characterized in that,
Path in the regulation on above-mentioned workpiece adds man-hour, calculate the point that starts from the processing of being undertaken by above-mentioned instrument to the point of process finishing on the path of afore mentioned rules, the summation that the relative angle of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument changes, and, by needed time of processing in the path along afore mentioned rules etc. minute be distributed on tool path, when above-mentioned instrument passes through the Along ent of each time on above-mentioned tool path, relative angle between above-mentioned instrument and above-mentioned workpiece with time of summation that above-mentioned relative angle is changed and above-mentioned machining need comparably decile angular metric process continuously with changing.
2. a job operation, by relatively moving of the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, Yi Bian in a plane of section that at least comprises above-mentioned workpiece, make the relative position of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument and relative angle change, Yi Bian process, it is characterized in that
Path in the regulation on above-mentioned workpiece adds man-hour, calculate the point that starts from the processing of being undertaken by above-mentioned instrument to the point of process finishing on the path of afore mentioned rules, the summation that between above-mentioned workpiece and instrument, relative angle changes, and, by needed time of processing etc. in the path along regulation minute be distributed on tool path, when above-mentioned instrument passes through the Along ent of each time on above-mentioned tool path, relative angle between above-mentioned instrument and above-mentioned workpiece with time of summation that above-mentioned relative angle is changed and above-mentioned machining need comparably the angular metric of decile process continuously with changing.
3. a program, following job operation is carried out in computing machine: by relatively moving of the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, in a plane of section that at least comprises above-mentioned workpiece, make the relative position of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, the job operation of the lathe of processing on one side, it is characterized in that
In above-mentioned computing machine, path in the regulation on above-mentioned workpiece adds man-hour, calculate the point that starts from the processing of being undertaken by above-mentioned instrument to the point of process finishing on the path of afore mentioned rules, the summation that the relative angle of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument changes, and, by needed time of processing in the path along afore mentioned rules etc. minute be distributed on tool path, when above-mentioned instrument passes through the Along ent of each time on above-mentioned tool path, the relative angle of above-mentioned instrument and above-mentioned workpiece with time of summation that above-mentioned relative angle is changed and above-mentioned machining need comparably the angular metric of decile process continuously with changing.
4. a NC data generating device, it generates for controlling the NC data of lathe, this lathe relatively moves by the non-circular workpiece of section and instrument, in a plane of section that at least comprises above-mentioned workpiece, make the relative position of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument and relative angle change on one side, process on one side, it is characterized in that
This NC data generating device generates the NC data of processing as follows: the path in the regulation on above-mentioned workpiece adds man-hour, calculate the point that starts from the processing being produced by above-mentioned instrument to the point of process finishing on the path of afore mentioned rules, the summation that the relative angle of above-mentioned workpiece and instrument changes, and, by needed time of processing in the path along afore mentioned rules etc. minute be distributed on tool path, when above-mentioned instrument passes through the Along ent of each time on above-mentioned tool path, the relative angle of above-mentioned instrument and above-mentioned workpiece with time of summation that above-mentioned relative angle is changed and above-mentioned machining need comparably the angular metric of decile process continuously with changing.
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| CN105729141A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-07-06 | 武汉理工大学 | Precise linear two-dimensional double-drive workbench based on control of open numerical-control system |
| CN107953144A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-24 | 发那科株式会社 | The rote learning device and system of processing of the setting value of learning machine tool machining program |
| CN112513752A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2021-03-16 | 艾克隆有限责任公司 | Milling method |
| CN114619367A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-06-14 | 海尼肯智能技术成都有限公司 | A axle mechanism that is used for combined material blade dead pixel staggered floor equipment of polishing |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105729141A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-07-06 | 武汉理工大学 | Precise linear two-dimensional double-drive workbench based on control of open numerical-control system |
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| CN112513752A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2021-03-16 | 艾克隆有限责任公司 | Milling method |
| CN114619367A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-06-14 | 海尼肯智能技术成都有限公司 | A axle mechanism that is used for combined material blade dead pixel staggered floor equipment of polishing |
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