CN103576216B - A kind of optical anti-counterfeit element and adopt the anti-fake product of this optical anti-counterfeit element - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention aims at the defects of the existing optical anti-counterfeiting technology such as simple color change feature, narrow design space and single anti-counterfeiting feature, and provides an optical anti-counterfeiting element which can overcome the defects, which includes a color functional layer, and has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The substrate of the surface and the surface relief structure layer that modulates the direction of incident light and light from the color functional layer, wherein the arrangement of the substrate, the surface relief structure layer and the color functional layer is one of the following: the first surface At least partially covered with a surface relief structure layer, the second surface is at least partially covered with a color functional layer; or the first surface is at least partially covered with a color functional layer, and the surface of the color functional layer is at least partially covered Covered with a surface relief structure layer; or both the first surface and the second surface are at least partially covered with a color function layer, and the surface of the color function layer on the first surface is at least partially covered with a surface relief structure layer .

Description

An optical anti-counterfeit element and an anti-counterfeit product using the optical anti-counterfeit element

technical field

The invention relates to the field of optical anti-counterfeiting, in particular to an optical anti-counterfeiting element and an anti-counterfeiting product using the optical anti-counterfeiting element.

Background technique

Optically variable coating technology is widely used in the public anti-counterfeiting of high anti-counterfeiting securities such as banknotes. It can present different colors under different viewing angles, which is easy to describe and easy for the public to identify, and it cannot use electronic devices such as cameras, scanners, and printers. The equipment is imitated or copied, so it has a high anti-counterfeiting ability.

However, since optical variable products have been used for decades, pure optical variable coating technology can no longer meet the needs of the anti-counterfeiting field. The optically variable coating has been combined with technologies such as hollowing out, holography, and optically variable matching to provide new anti-counterfeiting features. For example, patents US5766738, US6114018 and US7729026 propose to realize optically variable matching features by selecting appropriate optically variable coating thickness and color. The Swiss SICPA company forms an optically variable pigment (OVP) by crushing a five-layer optically variable coating structure with a symmetrical structure, and then obtains an optically variable ink (OVI), which can be combined with printing technology and has been widely used in various banknotes in the world application. As a further development of OVI, an optically variable magnetic ink (OVMI) or SPARK technology is formed by adding a magnetic layer to the existing optically variable structure. This technology induces OVMI particles to be oriented along the direction of magnetic induction lines through magnetic field induction. Thus forming a specific graphic structure. When the arrangement of particles in OVMI has specific regular changes, optical features such as motion and zoom can be produced (see patent US7517578B2). However, since the directional arrangement of optically variable magnetic particles depends on the magnetic field, it is restricted by the shape of the magnetic field, and the shape cannot be designed arbitrarily, and specific directional equipment and processes are required. In order to overcome this shortcoming, WO2011066990A2 and WO2011066991A2 disclose a method of simulating a curved surface using a surface micromirror structure, by precisely controlling the inclination and azimuth angle of each micromirror, and depositing an optically variable coating structure on the micromirror, The effect of OVMI can be achieved, and its advantage is that it can control the angle information of each pixel arbitrarily, and realize precise control of image information and details.

Liquid crystal light change is a kind of light change technology that changes color with angle. Using cholesteric liquid crystal materials to change color with angle and unique polarization properties to develop anti-counterfeiting marks with public recognizable features combined with hidden information features is one of the current development directions of optical anti-counterfeiting technology. In the early 1990s, Reveo was the first to apply for the patent US5599412 for the use of liquid crystal materials as color-changing and polarizing pigments. Rolic company has produced such anti-counterfeiting elements through cholesteric liquid crystal combined with directional imaging technology (LPP/LCP), so that the anti-counterfeiting element has the characteristics of polarization hidden image while showing different colors with angle changes.

The zero-order light change (zero-order light change diffraction image) is formed by using a grating structure with a period between 200-400nm and embedding high refractive index materials on the grating structure. Since the period of the grating structure is smaller than the wavelength of visible light, it is a sub-wavelength grating, so it can only reproduce zero-order light. When the zero-order optically variable image rotates in its own plane, the main color of the reproduced image changes obviously, and the color change is specific and descriptive, and the reproduced light is polarized light.

The co-extruded optically variable film is an optical anti-counterfeiting element based on Bragg interference, which uses Bragg interference between multilayer films with different refractive indices to form a color change feature that varies with angle.

The above optical variable technologies and the optical anti-counterfeiting elements formed by these optical variable technologies are due to their own technical characteristics, component structures, and defects in the manufacturing process, which make them darker in color, single in anti-counterfeiting features, and narrow in design space, thus limiting Its anti-counterfeiting ability.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the defects of the existing optical anti-counterfeiting technology, such as simple color change feature, narrow design space, single anti-counterfeiting feature, specific complex process and equipment to form complex effects, etc., and provides an optical anti-counterfeiting element capable of overcoming the above-mentioned defects and adopting the optical anti-counterfeiting element. Anti-counterfeiting products of optical anti-counterfeiting components.

The invention provides an optical anti-counterfeiting element, which comprises a base material, a surface relief structure layer and a color functional layer, the base material comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the surface relief structure layer can The direction of the incident light and the light from the color functional layer is modulated, wherein the arrangement of the substrate, the surface relief structure layer and the color functional layer is one of the following situations:

The first surface of the substrate is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer, and the second surface of the substrate is at least partially covered with the color functional layer; or

The first surface of the substrate is at least partially covered with the color functional layer, and the surface of the color functional layer is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer; or

Both the first surface and the second surface of the substrate are at least partially covered with the color functional layer, and the surface of the color functional layer on the first surface is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer .

The present invention also provides an anti-counterfeiting product using the optical anti-counterfeiting element.

Since the optical anti-counterfeiting element and anti-counterfeiting product according to the present invention modulate the direction of incident light and light from the color functional layer through the surface relief structure layer, so through the combination of the surface relief structure layer and the color function layer, rich optical anti-counterfeiting can be obtained. Features and dynamic, depth of field, three-dimensional, pattern conversion effects and their combined features with color changes, thereby improving the expressiveness and anti-counterfeiting capabilities of color features, and the required process is highly feasible and difficult to replicate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an optical anti-counterfeiting element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an optical anti-counterfeiting element according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an optical anti-counterfeiting element according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Figures 4(a), 4(b), and 4(c) respectively show the arrangement diagram, schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure and a partial cross-sectional view when the surface relief structure layer is viewed from above the surface relief structure layer;

Figures 5(a), 5(b), and 5(c) are the top view, three-dimensional structure schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of when spherical microlenses are used to form the surface relief structure layer in order to obtain the effect of pattern translation and rolling, respectively;

Figures 6(a), 6(b) and 6(c) are the top view, three-dimensional structure schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view of when a zigzag prism is used to form the surface relief structure layer in order to obtain the effect of pattern translation and scrolling;

Fig. 7 has provided the method that utilizes cylindrical lens to form surface relief structure layer and form 2D/3D effect;

Figure 8 shows the impact of the distance change between the color functional layer and the surface relief structure layer when spherical microlenses are selected to form the surface relief structure layer;

Figures 9(a), 9(b), and 9(c) are top-view observations when using cylindrical microlenses to form a surface relief structure layer in order to obtain a three-dimensional relief image effect with color and light and dark changes, respectively, Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure and partial cross-sectional views; and

FIG. 10 is a top view of a surface relief structure layer formed by cylindrical microlenses in order to obtain diffuse reflection features.

detailed description

The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to the present invention and products using the optical anti-counterfeiting element will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to better understand the idea of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and detailed description are only descriptions of preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

An optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a base material 2, a surface relief structure layer 3 and a color function layer 4, the base material 2 comprises a first surface 21 and a second surface 22 opposite to each other, the surfaces The relief structure layer 3 can modulate the direction of incident light and light from the color functional layer 4, wherein the arrangement of the substrate 2, the surface relief structure layer 3 and the color function layer 4 is one of the following: The first surface 21 of the substrate 2 is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer 3, and the second surface 22 of the substrate 2 is at least partially covered with the color function layer 4 (as shown in Figure 1 shown); or the first surface 21 of the substrate 2 is at least partially covered with the color functional layer 4, and the surface of the color functional layer 4 is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer 3 ( 2); or both the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 of the substrate 2 are at least partially covered with the color functional layer 4, and the color functional layer 4 on the first surface 21 The surface of is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer 3 (as shown in FIG. 3 ).

The surface relief structure layer 3 may include one or more continuous curved surface structures, one or more zigzag prisms or their splicing or combination. Wherein, the continuous curved surface structure may be splicing or combination of one or more structures among microlens structure, sinusoidal structure, elliptical structure, hyperboloid structure, parabolic structure and the like. The microlens structure can be a refractive microlens, a diffractive microlens or their splicing or combination, wherein the refractive microlens can include spherical microlenses, ellipsoidal microlenses, cylindrical microlenses or other arbitrary geometric shapes based on Geometric optics microlenses, diffractive microlenses include harmonic diffractive microlenses, planar diffractive microlenses, Fresnel zone plates, etc. In addition, the specific arrangement of the above structures may be periodic, partially periodic, non-periodic, random, or a combination thereof. By making appropriate design adjustments to specific arrangements and combining them with the color functional layer 4, optical features such as dynamics with color changes, pattern transformations, and three-dimensional stereoscopic effects can be obtained. This will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 4-10.

The surface relief structure layer 3 may be transparent or translucent, and there is a difference in refractive index between it and the external environment, so as to refract incident and outgoing light.

The size of the surface relief structure layer 3 in at least one direction parallel to the first surface 21 of the substrate 2 can be 2 μm-200 μm, preferably 5 μm-100 μm; when the size is smaller than 2 μm, there will be obvious diffraction phenomenon, showing Iridescence, which interferes with the color characteristics and viewing effects of the color function layer 4. The relief height of the surface relief structure layer 3 may be less than 25 μm, preferably less than 15 μm.

The surface relief structure layer 3 in the optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 according to the present invention can be obtained by micro-nano processing methods such as optical exposure and electron beam exposure, and can also be realized by combining processes such as hot melt reflow, through ultraviolet casting, molding, and nanoimprinting. and other processing methods for batch copying.

The color functional layer 4 in the optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 according to the present invention can be an absorbing structure, wherein the absorbing structure can be one or a combination of inks, pigments and dyes.

The color function layer 4 can also be a liquid crystal optically variable layer. Typically, for example, cholesteric liquid crystal material can be used to realize the color function layer 4, so that color characteristics such as green-to-blue, red-to-green, etc. can be realized as the viewing angle changes. The liquid crystal optically variable layer can be mass-produced by methods such as coating and printing.

The color functional layer 4 can also be a zero-order optically variable layer. The zero-order optically variable layer may include a subwavelength grating structure covering the surface of the substrate 2, and at least one of the period, groove type and groove depth of the subwavelength grating structure is variable, wherein, The period of the sub-wavelength grating structure can be 50nm to 500nm, preferably 200nm to 400nm, and the groove type of the subwavelength grating structure can be at least one of sinusoidal, rectangular, zigzag, etc., for example, the The groove depth of the subwavelength grating structure can be in the range of 10 nm to 500 nm, preferably 50 nm to 200 nm. The sub-wavelength grating structure can be obtained by micro-nano processing methods such as optical exposure and electron beam exposure, and can also be realized in combination with processes such as hot melt reflow, and can be replicated in batches by micro-nano processing methods such as ultraviolet casting, molding, and nanoimprinting.

The zero-order optically variable layer may also include a single-layer or multi-layer coating structure covering the sub-wavelength grating structure. Single layer clad structures can be formed from high refractive index materials. The multi-layer coating structure can be an interference-type laminated structure, which forms a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity. For example, the interference-type laminated structure can be a traditional optically variable film structure, that is, "reflective layer/ Low refractive index medium layer/absorbing layer" three-layer coating structure, wherein, when the zero-order optically variable layer is located on the first surface 21 of the substrate 2, the reflective layer in the three-layer coating structure is in contact with the sub-wavelength grating structure , and when the zero-order optically variable layer is located on the second surface 22 of the substrate 2, the absorbing layer in the three-layer coating structure is in contact with the subwavelength grating structure; or it can be a color coating, that is, "reflective layer/high refraction layer Ratio dielectric layer/absorbing layer" three-layer structure, wherein when the zero-order optically variable layer is located on the first surface 21 of the substrate 2, the reflective layer in the color coating is in contact with the sub-wavelength grating structure, and when the zero-order When the optically variable layer is located on the second surface 22 of the substrate 2, the absorption layer in the color coating is in contact with the subwavelength grating structure; or it is a dielectric layer stack structure with different refractive indices, such as "high refractive index dielectric layer /low refractive index medium layer/high refractive index medium layer" three-layer coating structure. Wherein, the material of above-mentioned reflecting layer can be the material with high reflectivity, as gold, silver, copper, aluminum etc.; The material requirement of absorbing layer is that its refractive index is close to the material of absorption coefficient, for example can be semi-metallic material (such as Silicon, germanium, etc.), or metal materials or their alloys (such as chromium, copper, nickel, nickel-chromium alloy, etc.); the refractive index of the high-refractive index medium layer is higher than 1.7, such as zinc sulfide, titanium dioxide, etc.; low The refractive index of the refractive index medium layer is less than or equal to 1.7, such as magnesium fluoride, silicon dioxide, cryolite and the like.

The color functional layer 4 can also be a co-extruded optically variable film. Moreover, the co-extruded optically variable film can be directly used as the base material 2 .

The color functional layer 4 can also be an interference-type multilayer coating structure, which forms a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, which has a selective effect on the incident white light, so that the outgoing light only contains certain wavebands, thereby Form a specific color; when the incident angle changes, the corresponding optical path changes, and the interference waveband also changes, resulting in the change of the color presented to the observer, thereby forming a light-changing effect. Wherein, the structure of the interference-type multilayer coating structure can adopt any structure described above in conjunction with the multilayer coating structure of the zero-order optically variable layer, so it will not be repeated here.

In addition, when the surface of the substrate 2 (for example, the first surface 21 and/or the second surface 22) is partially covered with the color functional layer 4, a hollow pattern can be formed, wherein the hollow pattern can be a macroscopic pattern, Micro text, fine lines, etc., so as to achieve better anti-counterfeiting effect. When the first surface 21 or the surface of the color functional layer 4 is partially covered with the surface relief structure layer 3, there will also be a region between the surface relief structure layer 3 and the area without the surface relief structure layer 3. The contrast between them forms a patterned structure and enhances the anti-counterfeiting effect. In addition, when the first surface 21 is partially covered with the color functional layer 4, the surface relief structure layer 3 can not only partially cover the surface of the color functional layer 4, but also cover the surface without the color functional layer 4. on the first surface 21.

Of course, in order to increase the service life of the optical anti-counterfeiting element according to the present invention, the optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 may also include a protective layer (not shown), wherein the protective layer may cover the surface relief structure layer 3 shown in FIG. 1 And on the surface of the color function layer 4, also can be covered on the surface of the surface relief structure layer 3 shown in Figure 2, can also cover the surface relief structure layer 3 shown in Figure 3 and be positioned at the second surface of substrate 2 22 on the surface of the color functional layer 4 .

When the protective layer is in direct contact with the surface relief structure layer 3 and completely covers the surface relief structure layer 3, the difference in refractive index between the protective layer and the surface relief structure layer 3 is not less than 0.1, preferably Not less than 0.3. However, when the protective layer does not completely cover the surface relief structure layer 3, the difference in refractive index between the two can be unlimited. In addition, the protective layer can also have a bonding function, so that the optical anti-counterfeiting element according to the present invention can be bonded to various articles, such as high security products and high value-added products such as banknotes and credit cards.

The substrate 2 in the optical anti-counterfeiting element according to the present invention can be at least partially transparent colorless or colored medium layer, and the substrate 2 can be a single layer of transparent medium film, such as PET film, PVC film, etc. It is a transparent dielectric film with a functional coating (such as an embossing layer) on the surface, and it can also be a composite multilayer film.

Preferably, the first surface 21 of the substrate 2, the second surface 22 and/or the surface of the surface relief structure layer 3 may also have diffractive optical characteristics, interference optical characteristics, micro-nano structural characteristics, printing characteristics , partially metallized features, and one or more of magnetic, optical, electrical, and radioactive features for machine reading.

In addition, fluorescent materials can be added to the material forming the surface relief structure layer 3, so that the optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 according to the present invention has fluorescent features. Preferably, the fluorescent material can also be added in the substrate 2 of the optical security element 1 , at the first surface 21 of the substrate 2 , at the second surface 22 of the substrate 2 and/or at the surface of the surface relief structure layer 3 . Preferably, the fluorescent material can form a fluorescent pattern, for example, by printing.

The basic principle of the optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 according to the present invention is as follows: the differential primitives of the surface relief structure layer 3 of the optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 according to the present invention are selected. For any incident light field, since there is a difference in refractive index at the interface of the differential element, refraction (α) will occur when the incident light field passes through the surface relief structure layer 3, thereby generating a refracted light field, which It is obtained by integrating the area of the refracted light (α) passing through the above-mentioned differential element in the surface relief structure layer 3; when the above-mentioned refracted light field is incident on the color functional layer 4, since the color functional layer 4 has selective absorption, Reflection, etc., so it is selectively reflected (β) by the color functional layer 4. When the reflected light (β) passes through a certain differential element, it will be refracted (γ) again to form outgoing light with specific brightness and color, thus producing The outgoing light field is obtained by integrating the refracted light (γ) passing through the above-mentioned differential element on the surface relief structure layer 3 .

Although the physical principles described above are currently considered to be the correct understanding and description of the physical phenomena produced by the optical anti-counterfeiting element involved in the present invention, it does not mean that the optical anti-counterfeiting element is currently used to explain this phenomenon limited by the physical principles described. The anti-counterfeiting features of the optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 are determined by the basic structure and specific implementation of the optical anti-counterfeiting element 1 .

The anti-counterfeit effect of the optical anti-counterfeit element according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4-10 .

Fig. 4 (a), 4 (b), 4 (c) respectively show the diagram of observing the arrangement of surface relief structure layer 3 from the top of surface relief structure layer 3, and the three-dimensional structure of optical anti-counterfeiting element according to the present invention Schematic diagram and partial cross-sectional view, in which different regions define cylindrical microlens structures arranged in different directions, and the cylindrical microlenses have a width of 30 microns, a period of 32 microns, and a height of 8 microns. The color functional layer 4 on the second surface 22 of the base material 2 is a color-variable coating with the structure Cr/SiO ₂ /Al, and the thickness of each layer is 5nm/430nm/60nm respectively, wherein the Cr layer and the second surface 22 In direct contact, the color of this color-variable coating is characterized by a magenta-to-green transition as a function of viewing angle. The substrate 2 is a PET film with a thickness of 19 microns. The effect achieved by the structure of this embodiment is: when viewed from the top of the surface relief structure layer 3, as the viewing angle changes, the entire area will produce the effect of translation and scrolling of patterns with color and light and dark changes.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 respectively show the other two structures of the surface relief structure layer 3 that can be used to realize the scrolling effect and exemplarily show the arrangement.

Figures 5(a), 5(b) and 5(c) are the top view, three-dimensional structure diagram and partial cross-sectional view of the surface relief structure layer 3 composed of spherical microlenses in order to obtain the effect of pattern translation and scrolling, respectively.

Figures 6(a), 6(b) and 6(c) are respectively a top view view, a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram and a partial cross-sectional view of a surface relief structure layer 3 composed of a zigzag prism to obtain the effect of pattern translation and scrolling.

FIG. 7 schematically shows a method for forming a 2D/3D effect by using a cylindrical lens to penetrate the surface relief structure layer 3 . The four image regions with the shape of "KINE" are shown in Figure 7(a), (b), (c), and (d). The difference between their horizontal positions is d, and they are filled with cylinders with different azimuth angles. Microlens structure (parameters of the microlens are the same as parameters of the cylindrical lens in Fig. 4), the change of the azimuth angle is gradual. After the regions in Figure 7(a), (b), (c) and (d) are divided in the manner shown in Figure 7(e), (f), (g) and (h), according to Figure 7( The method of i) is synthesized, thereby determining the final form of the surface relief structure layer 3 . The surface relief structure layer 3 formed in this way will obtain 2D/3D features with color and light and shade changes, a sense of depth and a certain dynamic effect in the process of changing the viewing angle when viewed from above.

Different effects can be obtained by changing the image forms of Figure 7(a), (b), (c), (d), for example, defining them as "K", "I", "N", "E "Four image areas, then the observer will look down and observe the switching effect between multiple images in the process of changing the viewing angle. For another example, if they are respectively defined as different images under different angles of real three-dimensional objects or models, it is possible to match them with the relationship between the azimuth angles of the cylindrical microlenses, so that the observer can change the angle of view while looking down. Get a realistic three-dimensional effect.

Figure 8 shows that when the surface relief structure layer 3 is made of spherical microlenses, the matching relationship between the distance L between the color function layer 4 and the surface relief structure layer 3 and the lens focal length F is to the light emitted by the color function layer 4 A cross-sectional view of the modulation situation. When at least part of the structure of the surface relief structure layer 3 is a continuous curved surface structure, it is necessary to consider the influence of the distance between the color function layer 4 and the surface relief structure layer 3 as a variable, which can be adjusted to obtain more optical effect.

Figures 9(a), 9(b) and 9(c) are respectively a top view view, a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram and a partial cross-sectional view when cylindrical microlenses are used to form the surface relief structure layer 3 . The black areas in Figures 9(a) and 9(b) schematically represent cylindrical lenses, and the shape and arrangement of the selected cylindrical lenses are schematically shown in Figure 9(c). The effect achieved by the structure of this embodiment is: when viewed from above the surface relief structure layer 3, as the viewing angle changes, the entire area will produce a three-dimensional relief image effect with color and light and dark changes.

FIG. 10 is a top view of the surface relief structure layer 3 formed by cylindrical microlenses. The arrangement directions of the cylindrical lenses in different regions in the figure are relatively randomized. The effect achieved by the structure of this embodiment is: when viewed from the top of the surface relief structure layer 3, as the viewing angle changes, the entire area will produce diffuse reflection features with color and light and shade changes with a sense of graininess and flickering. Preferably, when the surface relief structure layer 3 is composed of cylindrical lenses arranged in random directions to form a diffuse reflection effect, more features can be formed by changing the degree and specific form of random distribution.

The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to the invention is particularly suitable for making a security thread for opening a window. The thickness of the safety thread is not greater than 50 μm. The anti-counterfeiting paper with the window security thread is used for anti-counterfeiting of various high-security products such as banknotes, passports, and securities.

The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to the present invention can also be used as labels, logos, strips, transparent windows, coatings, etc., and can be adhered to various items by various bonding mechanisms. For example, it is transferred to high security products and high value-added products such as banknotes and credit cards.

Another aspect of the present invention provides products with the optical anti-counterfeiting element, which include but not limited to banknotes, credit cards, passports, securities and other high-security products and high value-added products, as well as various types of wrapping paper , packing boxes, etc.

Some preferred embodiments of the invention have been described above by way of example only. However, those skilled in the art can understand that various equivalent transformations or modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the concept and spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions thus obtained should also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (23)

1. An optical anti-counterfeiting element, the optical anti-counterfeiting element comprises a base material, a surface relief structure layer and a color functional layer, the base material comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the surface relief structure layer is capable of incident The direction of the light and the light from the color functional layer is modulated, wherein the arrangement of the substrate, the surface relief structure layer and the color functional layer is one of the following situations: The first surface of the substrate is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer, and the second surface of the substrate is at least partially covered with the color functional layer; or The first surface of the substrate is at least partially covered with the color functional layer, and the surface of the color functional layer is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer; or Both the first surface and the second surface of the substrate are at least partially covered with the color functional layer, and the surface of the color functional layer on the first surface is at least partially covered with the surface relief structure layer ;as well as Wherein, the color functional layer is at least one of the following: absorption structure, liquid crystal optically variable layer, zero-order optically variable layer, co-extruded optically variable film, interference multilayer coating structure; and The size of the surface relief structure layer in at least one direction parallel to the first surface is 2 μm-200 μm. 2. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the dimension of the surface relief structure layer in at least one direction parallel to the first surface is 5 μm-100 μm. 3. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the relief height of the surface relief structure layer is less than 25 μm. 4. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the relief height of the surface relief structure layer is less than 15 μm. 5. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the surface relief structure layer is a continuous curved surface structure, a zigzag prism structure and/or their splicing or combination. 6. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 5, wherein the continuous curved surface structure is one or more of a microlens structure, a sinusoidal structure, an elliptical structure, a hyperboloid structure, and a parabolic structure splicing or combination. 7. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 6, wherein the microlens structure is a refractive microlens, a diffractive microlens or a splicing or combination thereof. 8. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the color functional layer is an absorbing structure. 9. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 8, wherein the absorbing structure is one or a combination of inks, pigments and dyes. 10. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the color functional layer is a liquid crystal optically variable layer. 11. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the color functional layer is a zero-order optically variable layer. 12. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 11, wherein the zero-order optically variable layer comprises a sub-wavelength grating structure and a single-layer or multi-layer coating structure covering the sub-wavelength grating structure. 13. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 12, wherein the period of the sub-wavelength grating structure is 50nm to 500nm. 14. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 12, wherein the period of the sub-wavelength grating structure is 200nm to 400nm. 15. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the color functional layer is a co-extruded optically variable film. 16. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the color functional layer is an interference-type multi-layer coating structure, and the interference-type multi-layer coating structure forms a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity. 17. The optical security element according to claim 1, wherein the optical security element further comprises a protective layer covering the surface relief structure layer and/or the color functional layer on the second surface. 18. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 17, wherein, when the protective layer is in direct contact with the surface relief structure layer and completely covers the surface relief structure layer, the protective layer and the surface relief structure layer The difference in the refractive indices of the layers is not less than 0.1. 19. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 17, wherein, when the protective layer is in direct contact with the surface relief structure layer and completely covers the surface relief structure layer, the protective layer and the surface relief structure layer The difference in the refractive indices of the layers is not less than 0.3. 20. The optical security element according to claim 17, wherein the protective layer has an adhesive function. 21. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein, the first surface of the substrate, the second surface and/or the surface of the surface relief structure layer have diffractive optical characteristics, interference optical characteristics, microscopic One or more of nanostructure features, printed features, partially metallized features, and magnetic, optical, electrical, and radioactive features for machine reading. 22. The optical anti-counterfeiting element according to claim 1, wherein the first surface of the substrate, the second surface, the surface of the surface relief structure layer and/or the surface relief structure layer itself have fluorescent pattern features . 23. An anti-counterfeit product using the optical anti-counterfeit element according to any one of claims 1-22.