Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of content assaying method of parenteral solution.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The content assaying method of medicine composition injection of the present invention, comprises as follows with ginsenoside Rg
1and/or Astragaloside IV is measured the method for parenteral solution total saponin content:
A. with ginsenoside Rg
1the content assaying method of measuring the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection is: reference substance solution preparation, get ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 0.5-2mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, the vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.1-0.4ml that adds 3%-7%, perchloric acid 0.6-1.0ml, mix, 50-70 ℃ of heating water bath 10-20 minute, take out, add glacial acetic acid 3-7ml, mix, put the cooling 1-2 minute of ice bath, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, with absolute methanol 5ml, rinse, use again 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, inject solid-phase extraction column, adopt successively water 7-13ml, 0.5%-2% acetic acid solution 10-20ml, water 10-20ml, 5%-20% methanol solution 7-13ml, 75%-85% methanol solution 10-20ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 75%-85% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg,
B. the content assaying method that the Astragaloside IV of take is measured the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection as: precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 0.9-1.0mg/ml; Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml, injects C-18, and 500mg solid-phase extraction column, adopts water 8-12ml successively, 0.8%-1.2% acetic acid-water 13-18ml, water 13-18ml, 8%-12% methanol-water 8-12ml, 75%-85% methanol-water 13-18ml, wash-out; By 75%-85% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution; Precision is drawn reference substance solution 30,50,100,150,200 μ L respectively, be placed in test tube, nitrogen dries up, the vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.1-0.3ml that adds 4.5%-5.5%, perchloric acid 0.6-1.0ml mixes, and in 60 ℃, carries out chromogenic reaction 12-17min, add glacial acetic acid 3-7ml, mix, ice bath is cooling, 0.5-1.5min; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV C
41h
68o
14meter, must not be less than 0.30mg.
The content assaying method of medicine composition injection of the present invention, is preferably as follows with ginsenoside Rg
1and/or Astragaloside IV is measured the method for parenteral solution total saponin content:
A. with ginsenoside Rg
1the content assaying method of measuring the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection is: reference substance solution preparation, get ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 1.0mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml, mix, 60 ℃ of heating water baths 15 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 1 minute, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, rinses, uses 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column with absolute methanol 5ml, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column, adopts successively water 10ml, 1% acetic acid solution 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol solution 10ml, 80% methanol solution 15ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 80% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg,
B. the content assaying method that the Astragaloside IV of take is measured the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection as: precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 0.95mg/ml; Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml, injects C-18, and 500mg solid-phase extraction column, adopts water 10ml successively, 1% acetic acid-water 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol-water 10ml, 80% methanol-water 15ml, wash-out; By 80% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution; Accurate reference substance solution 30,50,100,150, the 200 μ L that draw, are placed in test tube respectively, and nitrogen dries up, add 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml mixes, and in 60 ℃, carries out chromogenic reaction 15min, add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, the cooling 1min of ice bath; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV C
41h
68o
14meter, must not be less than 0.30mg.
The content assaying method of medicine composition injection of the present invention, is preferably as follows with ginsenoside Rg
1and/or Astragaloside IV is measured the method for parenteral solution total saponin content:
A. with ginsenoside Rg
1the content assaying method of measuring the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection is: reference substance solution preparation, get ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 0.6mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 6% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.15ml, perchloric acid 0.9ml, mix, 55 ℃ of heating water baths 18 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 4ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 2 minutes, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, rinses, uses 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column with absolute methanol 5ml, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column, adopts successively water 8ml, 1.8% acetic acid solution 12ml, water 18ml, 6% methanol solution 12ml, 76% methanol solution 18ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 76% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg,
B. the content assaying method that the Astragaloside IV of take is measured the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection as: precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 0.9mg/ml; Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml, injects C-18, and 500mg solid-phase extraction column, adopts water 9ml successively, 1.1% acetic acid-water 14ml, water 17ml, 9% methanol-water 11ml, 76% methanol-water 17ml, wash-out; By 77% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution; Accurate reference substance solution 30,50,100,150, the 200 μ L that draw, are placed in test tube respectively, and nitrogen dries up, and adds 4.6% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.25ml, perchloric acid 0.7ml mixes, and carries out chromogenic reaction 16min in 60 ℃, adds glacial acetic acid 4ml, mix, ice bath is cooling, 1.2min; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV C
41h
68o
14meter, must not be less than 0.30mg.
The content assaying method of medicine composition injection of the present invention, is preferably as follows with ginsenoside Rg
1and/or Astragaloside IV is measured the method for parenteral solution total saponin content:
A. with ginsenoside Rg
1the content assaying method of measuring the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection is: reference substance solution preparation, get ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 1.5mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 4% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.3ml, perchloric acid 0.7ml, mix, 65 ℃ of heating water baths 12 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 6ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 1 minute, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, rinses, uses 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column with absolute methanol 5ml, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column, adopts successively water 12ml, 0.6% acetic acid solution 18ml, water 12ml, 15% methanol solution 8ml, 82% methanol solution 12ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 82% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg,
B. the content assaying method that the Astragaloside IV of take is measured the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection as: precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 1.0mg/ml; Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml, injects C-18, and 500mg solid-phase extraction column, adopts water 11ml successively, 0.9% acetic acid-water 17ml, water 14ml, 11% methanol-water 9ml, 83% methanol-water 14ml, wash-out; By 83% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution; Accurate reference substance solution 30,50,100,150, the 200 μ L that draw, are placed in test tube respectively, and nitrogen dries up, and adds 5.2% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.15ml, perchloric acid 0.9ml mixes, and carries out chromogenic reaction 13min in 60 ℃, adds glacial acetic acid 6ml, mix, ice bath is cooling, 0.6min; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV C
41h
68o
14meter, must not be less than 0.30mg.
The bulk drug of the invention described above medicine composition injection consists of: the Radix Astragali 25~35 weight portions, ginseng 8~12 weight portions, kushenin 0.5~1.5 weight portion; The preparation method of medicine composition injection of the present invention is: above three taste medicines, and 60~80% ethanol for ginseng, refluxing extraction 1~3 time, each 1~2 hour, merge extract, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.20, standby; Radix Astragali boiling 1~3 time, each 1~3 hour, filter merging filtrate, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.20, merge with the clear cream of ginseng, add ethanol and make to reach 75% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, standing 10~18 hours, get supernatant, reclaim ethanol, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.15; Add again ethanol and make to reach 85% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH tone pitch PH to 6~7, standing, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol, to without alcohol taste, injects water to 40 parts by volume, with NaOH, adjusts pH value to 6~7,100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigeration, suction filtration; With NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, add activated charcoal, stir evenly, boil 15 minutes, filter filtrate for later use; Separately get kushenin and dissolve, with watery hydrochloric acid, adjust pH value to 6~7,100~120 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigeration, suction filtration, merges with the liquid after de-charcoal, mixes, and injects water to ormal weight, filters, filling, obtains.
The bulk drug of the invention described above medicine composition injection consists of: the Radix Astragali 30 weight portions, ginseng 10 weight portions, kushenin 1 weight portion; The preparation method of medicine composition injection of the present invention is: above three taste medicines, and 75% ethanol for ginseng, refluxing extraction 3 times, each 2 hours, merge extract, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.20, standby; Radix Astragali boiling 2 times, each 2 hours, filter merging filtrate, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.20, merge with the clear cream of ginseng, add ethanol and make to reach 75% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, standing 12 hours, get supernatant, reclaim ethanol, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.15; Add again ethanol and make to reach 85% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH tone pitch PH to 6~7, standing, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol, to without alcohol taste, injects water to 40 parts by volume, with NaOH, adjusts pH value to 6~7,100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigeration, suction filtration; With NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, add activated charcoal, stir evenly, boil 15 minutes, filter filtrate for later use; Separately get kushenin and dissolve, with watery hydrochloric acid, adjust pH value to 6~7,100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigeration, suction filtration, merges with the liquid after de-charcoal, mixes, and injects water to ormal weight, filters, filling, obtains.
The pass of above-mentioned weight portion and parts by volume is gram the relation with milliliter.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Medicine composition injection content assaying method of the present invention, clearer and more definite effective constituent and the content assaying method thereof of product, can better control product quality, guarantees that product is safer, effective.Experimental result shows that the method linear relationship is good, and precision, stability, repeatability are well.
Accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is for detecting wavelength;
Fig. 2 is Rg
1canonical plotting;
Fig. 3 is Astragaloside IV canonical plotting.
Following experimental example and embodiment are used for further illustrating but are not limited to the present invention; Experimental example Chinese traditional medicine composite injection of the present invention is by embodiment 1 method preparation.
Experimental example 1 medicaments injection determination experiment of the present invention
1 instrument and medicine
The U-3310 of Hitachi ultraviolet-visible pectrophotometer
Standard items: ginsenoside Rg
1(content is greater than 98%), ultrapure water, methyl alcohol is chromatographically pure, perchloric acid, other reagent are pure for analyzing.
2 methods and result
2.1 solution preparations
2.1.1 reference substance solution preparation
Get ginsenoside Rg1's reference substance appropriate, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 1.0mg, shakes up, and obtains.
2.1.2 need testing solution
Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column (C-18,500mg.Activation step: first rinse, use again 5ml distilled water flushing with absolute methanol 5ml before use), adopt successively water 10ml, 1% acetic acid solution 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol solution 10ml, 80% methanol solution 15ml, wash-out.The solution water bath method of getting 80% methanol-eluted fractions part, dissolves with methyl alcohol, and constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution.
2.2 medicaments injections of the present invention are measured
2.2.1 detect the establishment of wavelength
Absorption reference substance solution is appropriate, puts in test tube, and nitrogen dries up, and adds 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml, mixes, and 60 ℃ of heating water baths 15 minutes, take out, and add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, and put ice bath cooling 1 minute.With blank solution, make reference, color development system, in the interscan of 400~700nm wavelength coverage, determines that maximum absorption wavelength is that 552nm(is shown in accompanying drawing 1).
2.2.2 medicaments injection of the present invention is measured
Precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and nitrogen dries up, and adds 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml, mixes, and 60 ℃ of heating water baths 15 minutes, take out, and add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, and put ice bath cooling 1 minute.With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, from typical curve, read the concentration that contains ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculate, obtain.
Experimental example 2 linear relationships are investigated
Precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml, mix, 60 ℃ of heating water baths 15 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 1 minute.With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance.Take absorbance as ordinate, ginsenoside Rg
1content is horizontal ordinate, and drawing standard curve is y=4.4231x-0.0286, in (29.7 μ g-198 μ g) scope, has good linear relationship (r=0.9996) (seeing accompanying drawing 2) with absorbance.
Experimental example 3 Precision Experiments
The reference substance solution of getting under " 2.1.1 " item is appropriate, and nitrogen dries up, and measures under these conditions absorbance, and METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION 6 times, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 precision result
Result shows, this method precision is good.
Experimental example 4 stability experiments
Get same need testing solution 2.5ml, standing, respectively at 0,2,4,6,8, the 12h method under 2.1.2 item of pressing, measure.The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 stability result
Show that need testing solution is stable in 12h.
Experimental example 5 repeated experiments
Get with totally 6 parts of a collection of medicaments injections of the present invention (embodiment 1 method preparation), every part of 2.5ml, by " 2.1.2 " lower method operation, parallel 6 parts of the need testing solutions of preparing, analyze mensuration under these conditions.The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 repeated experiment result
Result shows that the repeatability of the method is good.
Experimental example 6 average recovery experiments
Precision takes medicaments injection of the present invention (embodiment 1 method preparation) 1.25ml, totally 9 parts, respectively by 80%, 100%, 120% mass concentration of total saponin(e in medicaments injection respectively precision add that reference substance solution is appropriate separately, by " 2.1.2 " lower method operation, prepare each 3 parts of the solution of each concentration, measure under these conditions.The results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 average recovery result (n=3)
Result shows that this law recovery is better, and method is feasible.
Experimental example 7 negative control experiments
1 need testing solution preparation
The kushenin solution 10ml of preparation 10mg/ml, precision measures medicaments injection of the present invention (embodiment 1 preparation) 2.5ml, injects solid-phase extraction column (C-18,500mg.Activation step: first rinse, use again 5ml distilled water flushing with absolute methanol 5ml before use), adopt successively water 10ml, 1% acetic acid solution 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol solution 10ml, 80% methanol solution 15ml, wash-out.The solution water bath method of getting 80% methanol-eluted fractions part, dissolves with methyl alcohol, and constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution.
2 medicaments injections of the present invention are measured
Precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and nitrogen dries up, and adds 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml, mixes, and 60 ℃ of heating water baths 15 minutes, take out, and add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, and put ice bath cooling 1 minute.With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, obtain.
Table 5 negative control sample (kushenin solution) measurement result
The absorbance of total saponin(e sample is between 0.46~0.48, and with the negative contrast of kushenin solution (configuration concentration of Kang ' ai injection in production), through sample pre-treatments, need testing solution preparation, the absorbance of measuring under 552nm is between 0.007~0.012, only account for total saponin(e measure absorbance 1.5~2.6% between, within the method error at measurment scope, can not exert an influence to total saponin(e measurement result.
Experimental example 8 medicaments injection of the present invention is measured
Get 13 batches of medicaments injection samples of the present invention (method preparation described in embodiment 1), by " 2.2.2 " below legal system available test sample solution, sample analysis, records absorbance under these conditions, calculates content.The results are shown in Table 6.
The assay result (n=13) of the total saponin(e of table 6
Experimental example 9 is measured the content assaying method experiment of the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection with Astragaloside IV
Precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 0.95mg/ml;
Precision measures medicine composition injection (embodiment 1 preparation) 2.5ml, injects solid-phase extraction column (C-18,500mg.Activation step: first use absolute methanol 5ml before use, rinse with 5ml distilled water again), adopt successively water 10ml, 1% acetic acid-water 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol-water 10ml, 80% methanol-water 15ml, wash-out; By 80% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution;
Accurate reference substance solution 30,50,100,150, the 200 μ L that draw, are placed in test tube respectively, and nitrogen dries up, add 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml mixes, and in 60 ℃, carries out chromogenic reaction 15min, add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, the cooling 1min of ice bath; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Typical curve equation: y=3.5125x-0.0385 r=0.9996(is shown in accompanying drawing 3), draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV (C
41h
68o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg.
The assay result of the total saponin(e of table 7 (pressing Astragaloside IV typical curve calculates)
Following embodiment all can realize the effect described in above-mentioned experimental example.
Embodiment 1 measures the method for medicine composition injection total saponin content with ginsenoside Rg1 and Astragaloside IV
A. with ginsenoside Rg
1the content assaying method of measuring the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection is: reference substance solution preparation, get ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 1.0mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml, mix, 60 ℃ of heating water baths 15 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 1 minute, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, rinses, uses 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column with absolute methanol 5ml, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column, adopts successively water 10ml, 1% acetic acid solution 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol solution 10ml, 80% methanol solution 15ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 80% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg,
B. the content assaying method that the Astragaloside IV of take is measured the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection as: precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 0.95mg/ml; Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml, injects C-18, and 500mg solid-phase extraction column, adopts water 10ml successively, 1% acetic acid-water 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol-water 10ml, 80% methanol-water 15ml, wash-out; By 80% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution; Accurate reference substance solution 30,50,100,150, the 200 μ L that draw, are placed in test tube respectively, and nitrogen dries up, add 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml mixes, and in 60 ℃, carries out chromogenic reaction 15min, add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, the cooling 1min of ice bath; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV C
41h
68o
14meter, must not be less than 0.30mg;
The preparation method of described medicine composition injection is: get Radix Astragali 300g, ginseng 100g, kushenin 10g, 75% ethanol for ginseng, refluxing extraction three times, each 2 hours, merge extract, being evaporated to relative density is 1.10~1.20(65 ℃) clear cream, standby.Radix Astragali boiling secondary, each 2 hours, filter merging filtrate, being evaporated to relative density is 1.10~1.20(65 ℃) clear cream, merge with the clear cream of ginseng, add ethanol and make to reach 75% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, standing 12 hours, get supernatant, reclaim ethanol, being evaporated to relative density is 1.10~1.15(65 ℃) clear cream; Add again ethanol and make to reach 85% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, standing, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol, to without alcohol taste, injects water to 400ml, with NaOH, adjusts pH value to 6~7, and 100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigerate suction filtration.With NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, add activated charcoal appropriate, stir evenly, boil 15 minutes, filter filtrate for later use; Separately get kushenin and dissolve, with watery hydrochloric acid, adjust pH value to 6~7,100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigeration, suction filtration, merges with the liquid after de-charcoal, mixes, and injects water to 1000ml.
Embodiment 2 measures the method for medicine composition injection total saponin content with ginsenoside Rg1
Reference substance solution preparation, gets ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 1.0mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml, mix, 60 ℃ of heating water baths 15 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 1 minute, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, rinses, uses 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column with absolute methanol 5ml, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column, adopts successively water 10ml, 1% acetic acid solution 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol solution 10ml, 80% methanol solution 15ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 80% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg,
The preparation method of described medicine composition injection is: get Radix Astragali 300g, ginseng 100g, kushenin 10g, 75% ethanol for ginseng, refluxing extraction three times, each 2 hours, merge extract, being evaporated to relative density is 1.10~1.20(65 ℃) clear cream, standby.Radix Astragali boiling secondary, each 2 hours, filter merging filtrate, being evaporated to relative density is 1.10~1.20(65 ℃) clear cream, merge with the clear cream of ginseng, add ethanol and make to reach 75% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, standing 12 hours, get supernatant, reclaim ethanol, being evaporated to relative density is 1.10~1.15(65 ℃) clear cream; Add again ethanol and make to reach 85% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, standing, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol, to without alcohol taste, injects water to 400ml, with NaOH, adjusts pH value to 6~7, and 100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigerate suction filtration.With NaOH, adjust pH value to 6~7, add activated charcoal appropriate, stir evenly, boil 15 minutes, filter filtrate for later use; Separately get kushenin and dissolve, with watery hydrochloric acid, adjust pH value to 6~7,100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigeration, suction filtration, merges with the liquid after de-charcoal, mixes, and injects water to 1000ml.
Embodiment 3 measures the content assaying method of the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection with Astragaloside IV
Precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 0.95mg/ml; Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml, injects C-18, and 500mg solid-phase extraction column, adopts water 10ml successively, 1% acetic acid-water 15ml, water 15ml, 10% methanol-water 10ml, 80% methanol-water 15ml, wash-out; By 80% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution; Accurate reference substance solution 30,50,100,150, the 200 μ L that draw, are placed in test tube respectively, and nitrogen dries up, add 5% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.2ml, perchloric acid 0.8ml mixes, and in 60 ℃, carries out chromogenic reaction 15min, add glacial acetic acid 5ml, mix, the cooling 1min of ice bath; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV C
41h
68o
14meter, must not be less than 0.30mg.
The content assaying method of embodiment 4 total saponin(es
A. with ginsenoside Rg
1the content assaying method of measuring the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection is: reference substance solution preparation, get ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 0.6mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 6% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.15ml, perchloric acid 0.9ml, mix, 55 ℃ of heating water baths 18 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 4ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 2 minutes, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, rinses, uses 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column with absolute methanol 5ml, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column, adopts successively water 8ml, 1.8% acetic acid solution 12ml, water 18ml, 6% methanol solution 12ml, 76% methanol solution 18ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 76% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg,
B. the content assaying method that the Astragaloside IV of take is measured the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection as: precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 0.9mg/ml; Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml, injects C-18, and 500mg solid-phase extraction column, adopts water 9ml successively, 1.1% acetic acid-water 14ml, water 17ml, 9% methanol-water 11ml, 76% methanol-water 17ml, wash-out; By 77% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution; Accurate reference substance solution 30,50,100,150, the 200 μ L that draw, are placed in test tube respectively, and nitrogen dries up, and adds 4.6% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.25ml, perchloric acid 0.7ml mixes, and carries out chromogenic reaction 16min in 60 ℃, adds glacial acetic acid 4ml, mix, ice bath is cooling, 1.2min; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV C
41h
68o
14meter, must not be less than 0.30mg.
The preparation method of described medicine composition injection is: Radix Astragali 32g, ginseng 9g, kushenin 1.2g; 62% ethanol for ginseng, refluxing extraction 2 times, each 1 hour, merge extract, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.20, standby; Radix Astragali boiling 2 times, each 3 hours, filter merging filtrate, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.20, merge with the clear cream of ginseng, add ethanol and make to reach 75% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH, adjust pH value to 7, standing 12 hours, get supernatant, reclaim ethanol, be evaporated to relative density and be the clear cream of 65 ℃ 1.10~1.15; Add again ethanol and make to reach 85% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH tone pitch PH to 7, standing, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol, to without alcohol taste, injects water to 40ml, with NaOH, adjusts pH value to 7, and 100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigerate suction filtration; With NaOH, adjust pH value to 7, add activated charcoal, stir evenly, boil 15 minutes, filter filtrate for later use; Separately get kushenin and dissolve, with watery hydrochloric acid, adjust pH value to 7,110 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigeration, suction filtration, merges with the liquid after de-charcoal, mixes, and injects water to ormal weight, filters, filling, obtains.
The content assaying method of embodiment 5 total saponin(es
A. with ginsenoside Rg
1the content assaying method of measuring the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection is: reference substance solution preparation, get ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 1.5mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 4% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.3ml, perchloric acid 0.7ml, mix, 65 ℃ of heating water baths 12 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 6ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 1 minute, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, rinses, uses 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column with absolute methanol 5ml, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column, adopts successively water 12ml, 0.6% acetic acid solution 18ml, water 12ml, 15% methanol solution 8ml, 82% methanol solution 12ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 82% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg,
B. the content assaying method that the Astragaloside IV of take is measured the total saponin(e of medicine composition injection as: precision takes Astragaloside IV standard items, is placed in volumetric flask, and methyl alcohol dissolves and constant volume, is mixed with the Astragaloside IV stock solution of 1.0mg/ml; Precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml, injects C-18, and 500mg solid-phase extraction column, adopts water 11ml successively, 0.9% acetic acid-water 17ml, water 14ml, 11% methanol-water 9ml, 83% methanol-water 14ml, wash-out; By 83% methanol-water wash-out part water bath method, to get methyl alcohol and dissolve, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution; Accurate reference substance solution 30,50,100,150, the 200 μ L that draw, are placed in test tube respectively, and nitrogen dries up, and adds 5.2% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.15ml, perchloric acid 0.9ml mixes, and carries out chromogenic reaction 13min in 60 ℃, adds glacial acetic acid 6ml, mix, ice bath is cooling, 0.6min; With corresponding reagent, make blank, according to appendix V A UV-VIS spectrophotometry, at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance; Take absorbance as ordinate, and total saponin content is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve; Draw respectively need testing solution 200 μ L, be placed in test tube, according to the method under the preparation of typical curve, from " nitrogen dries up ", measure absorbance in accordance with the law; Substitution typical curve equation, calculates, and obtains; The every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with Astragaloside IV C
41h
68o
14meter, must not be less than 0.30mg;
The preparation method of medicine composition injection of the present invention is: Radix Astragali 28kg, ginseng 12kg, kushenin 0.9kg, 75% ethanol for ginseng, refluxing extraction three times, each 2 hours, merge extract, being evaporated to relative density is 1.10(65 ℃) clear cream, standby; Radix Astragali boiling secondary, each 2 hours, filter merging filtrate, being evaporated to relative density is 1.20(65 ℃) clear cream, merge with the clear cream of ginseng, add ethanol and make to reach 75% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH, adjust pH value to 6, standing 12 hours, get supernatant, reclaim ethanol, being evaporated to relative density is 1.10(65 ℃) clear cream; Add again ethanol and make to reach 85% containing alcohol amount, with NaOH tone pitch PH to 6, standing, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol, to without alcohol taste, injects water to 400ml, with NaOH, adjusts pH value to 6, and 100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigerate suction filtration; With NaOH, adjust pH value to 6, add activated charcoal appropriate, stir evenly, boil 15 minutes, filter filtrate for later use; Separately get kushenin and dissolve, with watery hydrochloric acid, adjust pH value to 6,100 ℃ of sterilizings 30 minutes, refrigeration, suction filtration, merges with the liquid after de-charcoal, mixes, and injects water to ormal weight, filters, filling, obtains.
The content assaying method of embodiment 5 total saponin(es
Reference substance solution preparation, gets ginsenoside Rg
1reference substance, accurately weighed, add methyl alcohol dissolving and make every 1ml containing ginsenoside Rg
1the solution of 1.5mg, shakes up, and obtains, the preparation of typical curve, precision measures reference substance solution 30 μ l, 50 μ l, 100 μ l, 150 μ l, 200 μ l, put in test tube, nitrogen dries up, add 4% vanillic aldehyde glacial acetic acid solution 0.3ml, perchloric acid 0.7ml, mix, 65 ℃ of heating water baths 12 minutes, take out, add glacial acetic acid 6ml, mix, put ice bath cooling 1 minute, with corresponding reagent, do blank, according to UV-VIS spectrophotometry (appendix V A of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2010), at 552nm wavelength place, measure absorbance, take absorbance as ordinate, Determination of Content of Ginsenoside Rg_1 is horizontal ordinate, drawing standard curve, need testing solution preparation, rinses, uses 5ml distilled water flushing C-18,500mg solid-phase extraction column with absolute methanol 5ml, precision measures medicine composition injection 2.5ml of the present invention, injects solid-phase extraction column, adopts successively water 12ml, 0.6% acetic acid solution 18ml, water 12ml, 15% methanol solution 8ml, 82% methanol solution 12ml, wash-out, gets the solution water bath method of 82% methanol-eluted fractions part, with methyl alcohol, dissolves, constant volume, in 2ml measuring bottle, is made need testing solution, determination method, precision measures need testing solution 200 μ l, puts in test tube, and the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation from " nitrogen dries up ", is measured absorbance in accordance with the law, from typical curve, reads the concentration of ginsenoside Rg1 in need testing solution, calculates, and obtains, the every 1ml of medicine composition injection contains total saponin(e with ginsenoside Rg
1(C
42h
72o
14) meter, must not be less than 0.30mg.