CN103573461A - Low-speed engine cylinder cover air inlet and exhaust duct structure and optimization method thereof - Google Patents
Low-speed engine cylinder cover air inlet and exhaust duct structure and optimization method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-speed engine cylinder cover air inlet and exhaust duct structure and an optimization method of the low-speed engine cylinder cover air inlet and exhaust duct structure. The center position of an air inlet and the center position of an air outlet are unchanged, only the diameter of an inlet pipe and the diameter of an outlet pipe are changed, namely, the diameter of an air inlet duct air inlet section, the diameter of an air inlet duct air outlet section, the diameter of an air exhaust duct air inlet section and the diameter of the air exhaust duct air outlet section are changed, an air inlet duct and an air exhaust duct are optimized through modeling, numerical simulation, model repairing, simulated analysis and other steps, air duct flow direction molded lines are smooth as much as possible, the diameter of the air inlet duct and the diameter of the air exhaust duct are reduced to reasonable numerical values, the flow velocity of air flowing through the air ducts is increased, the rolling flow ratio in a combustor is increased, and the combustion speed is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of engines, specifically, relate in particular to a kind of low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure and optimization method thereof.
Background technique
Intake and exhaust port is the final link that air inlet system and exhaust system are connected with motor, and high speed engine is not identical to the requirement of intake and exhaust port with low speed engine yet.For high speed air flue, we wish to obtain larger air flue flow, and for low speed air flue, because airspeed is low, we wish to promote airspeed when low speed, improve air distribution, strengthen flowing in cylinder, increase rate of burning.And at present low speed engine is because its moment of torsion is large, the advantage such as start to walk easy obtains using more widely, and existing low speed engine intake and exhaust port, due to design, causes flowing of air-flow not smooth, thereby has affected greatly rate of burning and efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide in a kind of raising firing chamber rolls stream ratio, increases low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure and the optimization method thereof of rate of burning.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure, be included in the intake duct and the air outlet flue that in cylinder head, arrange, its main points are: described intake duct is from outside to inside by intake duct air inlet section, intake duct changeover portion and the intake duct section of giving vent to anger are connected in sequence, wherein intake duct air inlet section is the outer little horn mouth of imperial palace of diameter, the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger is the outer little interior large horn mouth of diameter, and the diameter of described intake duct air inlet section smaller diameter end is greater than the diameter of the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger smaller diameter end, described intake duct air inlet section and intake duct changeover portion be connected to rounding off, the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger and intake duct changeover portion be connected to rounding off,
Described air outlet flue is connected in sequence by air outlet flue air inlet section, air outlet flue changeover portion and the air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger from the inside to the outside, wherein said air outlet flue air inlet section is the outer little interior large horn mouth of diameter, the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger is the outer little horn mouth of imperial palace of diameter, described air outlet flue air inlet section and air outlet flue changeover portion be connected to rounding off, the rounding off that is connected to of the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger and air outlet flue changeover portion.
Adopt above structure, air inlet entrance center invariant position, only changes entrance caliber, air inlet export center invariant position, only change outlet caliber, be the diameter that changes intake duct air inlet section, the intake duct section of giving vent to anger, air outlet flue air inlet section and the air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger, meanwhile, make upper airway flow smooth as far as possible to molded line, thereby the diameter that makes inlet and outlet road is reduced to rational numerical value, flow velocity when increase gas flow is crossed air flue, has improved in firing chamber and has rolled stream ratio, increases rate of burning.
Described air intake port place is provided with intake duct seat ring fitting seat, in this inlet valve seat ring fitting seat, be installed into air flue seat ring, described intake duct seat ring inner chamber forms the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger, this intake duct seat ring inwall and described air outlet flue changeover portion be connected to rounding off.Adopt above structure, directly inlet valve seat ring and intake duct structure are designed, strengthen the round and smooth degree of intake duct, reduce the impact of inlet valve seat ring on air-flow.
Described intake duct air inlet section cross section is tapered, and the tapering of this intake duct air inlet section is 30 °, and the diameter of this intake duct air inlet section bigger diameter end is 23cm; The described intake duct section of giving vent to anger cross section is tapered, and the tapering of this intake duct air inlet section is 90 °, and the diameter of this intake duct air inlet section bigger diameter end is 30cm.Adopt above structure, to the design of intake duct air inlet section and the intake duct section of giving vent to anger, can reduce the obstruction of air inlet, intake duct air inlet section Cross section Design is tapered, be convenient to entering of gas, and the intake duct section of giving vent to anger is designed to taper, be convenient to entering in ， firing chamber, firing chamber of gas and form and roll stream, thereby improve combustion efficiency.
The outlet of the intake duct guide hole arranging in cylinder head is positioned at described intake duct changeover portion.
Described air outlet flue inlet is provided with air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat, in this air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat, air outlet flue seat ring is installed, described air outlet flue seat ring inner chamber forms the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger, this air outlet flue seat ring inwall and described air outlet flue changeover portion be connected to rounding off.Adopt above structure, directly air outlet flue seat ring and air discharging structure are designed, strengthen the round and smooth degree of air outlet flue, reduce the impact of exhaust valve seat insert on air-flow, thus can be by the expedite outflow of gas.
Described air outlet flue air inlet section cross section is tapered, and the tapering of this air outlet flue air inlet section is 90 °, and the diameter of this air outlet flue air inlet section bigger diameter end is 24cm.Adopt above design, gas is by without hindrance discharge.
The outlet of the air outlet flue guide hole arranging in cylinder head is positioned at described air outlet flue changeover portion, outwards caves in, inwardly outstanding near the air outlet flue changeover portion inwall in this air outlet flue guide hole outlet outside at the air outlet flue changeover portion inwall near this air outlet flue guide hole outlet inner side.Adopt above structure, in order to make air-flow from the without hindrance discharge of exhaust valve conduit, near the air outlet flue changeover portion inwall inside this air outlet flue guide hole outlet, outwards cave in; Existence due to exhaust valve conduit, so burning indoor gas can be subject to the obstruction of exhaust valve conduit while discharging, the air-flow being obstructed is reflexed on the outer wall of air outlet flue, now inwardly outstanding near the air outlet flue changeover portion inwall in this air outlet flue guide hole outlet outside, this protuberance can after secondary reflection be discharged the air-flow of reflection again from air outlet flue, reduce step turbulent flow.
An optimization method for low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, modeling: set up intake duct and air outlet flue model, in intake duct guide hole and air outlet flue guide hole, be installed into respectively valve guide bushing and exhaust valve guide, in intake duct seat ring fitting seat and air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat, described intake duct seat ring and air outlet flue seat ring be installed respectively simultaneously; The parts that foundation is relevant to intake duct and air outlet flue are in order better to go out the flow field situation in intake duct and air outlet flue in simulating reality situation, to can repair intake duct and air outlet flue accurately.
Step 3, repair a die: the flow field collection of illustrative plates of the intake duct obtaining according to step 2 and air outlet flue is repaired described intake duct and air outlet flue, on affecting the place in flow field in intake duct and air outlet flue, adjusts; According to the air flue principle of optimality, repair: the one, make upper airway flow smooth as far as possible to molded line, radius of curvature is large as far as possible, reduces gas flow loss; The 2nd, the diameter in inlet and outlet road is reduced to rational numerical value, and object is the flow velocity when increasing gas flow and crossing air flue, improves in firing chamber and rolls stream ratio, increases rate of burning.
Step 4, simulation analysis: intake duct and air outlet flue after step 3 is adjusted generate 3D model, do CFD simulation analysis, guarantee finishing after intake duct and air outlet flue flow coefficient with roll stream than being in good level, the undesirable step 3 of returning is again repaired, until meet the requirements.
As follows to the pre-shaping step of intake duct and air outlet flue in step 3:
A) intake duct is repaired: the air inlet entrance center invariant position of intake duct, only change entrance caliber, air inlet export center invariant position, only change outlet caliber, determining like this intake duct imports and exports after spatial form, up and down, do the intermediate shape from import to outlet of four batten curve controlled intake ducts, in every spline curve, define 9 point control spline curve, first should intake valve conduit place arrange that multiple spot is controlled well and intake valve conduit between intermediate shape, secondly should air intake port end arrange multiple spot control between intake duct and firing chamber excessively, article four, to be high-order continuous for spline curve,
B) air outlet flue is repaired: the exhaust entrance central position of air outlet flue is constant, only change entrance caliber, the export center of giving vent to anger invariant position, only change outlet caliber, determine like this after air outlet flue exhaust port spatial form, up and down, do the intermediate shape from import to outlet of four batten curve controlled air outlet flues, in every spline curve, define 9 point control spline curve, first should air outlet flue entrance point arrange multiple spot control between air outlet flue and firing chamber excessively, secondly should exhaust valve guide place arrange that multiple spot is controlled well and exhaust valve guide between intermediate shape, the spline curve radius of curvature of below is large as far as possible, reduce gas flow loss.
To the finishing of described intake duct and air outlet flue, should make upper airway flow is smooth transition to molded line, and smooth as far as possible, and radius of curvature is large as far as possible, reduces gas flow loss; The diameter of intake duct and air outlet flue is reduced to rational numerical value, and flow velocity when increase gas flow is crossed air flue, improves in firing chamber and roll stream ratio, increases rate of burning.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: promote airspeed, improve air distribution, strengthen flowing in cylinder, increase rate of burning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure;
Fig. 2 is the optimization method flow chart of low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure;
Fig. 3 is the simulation flow field sectional drawing of former engine cylinder cap intake and exhaust port;
Fig. 4 is the simulation flow field sectional drawing of engine cylinder cap intake and exhaust port of the present invention;
Fig. 5 rolls stream for the engine cylinder cap intake and exhaust port simulation originally and after optimizing and compares sectional drawing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
A kind of low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure as shown in Figure 1, be included in the intake duct 1 and the air outlet flue 2 that in cylinder head, arrange, described intake duct 1 is from outside to inside by intake duct air inlet section 11, intake duct changeover portion 12 and the intake duct section of giving vent to anger 13 are connected in sequence, wherein intake duct air inlet section 11 is the outer little horn mouth of imperial palace of diameter, the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger 13 is the outer little interior large horn mouth of diameter, and the diameter of described intake duct air inlet section 11 smaller diameter end is greater than the diameter of the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger 13 smaller diameter end, the rounding off that is connected to of described intake duct air inlet section 11 and intake duct changeover portion 12, the rounding off that is connected to of the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger 13 and intake duct changeover portion 12, described air outlet flue 2 is connected in sequence by air outlet flue air inlet section 21, air outlet flue changeover portion 22 and the air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger 23 from the inside to the outside, wherein said air outlet flue air inlet section 21 is the outer little interior large horn mouth of diameter, the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger 23 is the outer little horn mouth of imperial palace of diameter, the rounding off that is connected to of described air outlet flue air inlet section 21 and air outlet flue changeover portion 22, the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger 23 and air outlet flue changeover portion 22 be connected to rounding off.
In Fig. 1, it can also be seen that: described intake duct 1 outlet port is provided with intake duct seat ring fitting seat 14, in this inlet valve seat ring fitting seat 14, be installed into air flue seat ring 3, described intake duct seat ring 3 inner chambers form the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger 13, these intake duct seat ring 3 inwalls and described air outlet flue changeover portion 22 be connected to rounding off, described intake duct air inlet section 11 cross sections are tapered, the tapering of this intake duct air inlet section 11 is 30 °, and the diameter of these intake duct air inlet section 11 bigger diameter ends is 23cm; The described intake duct section of giving vent to anger 13 cross sections are tapered, and the tapering of this intake duct air inlet section 11 is 90 °, and the diameter of these intake duct air inlet section 11 bigger diameter ends is 30cm.
The outlet of the intake duct guide hole 15 arranging in cylinder head is positioned at described intake duct changeover portion 12.
Refer to Fig. 1: described air outlet flue 2 inlets are provided with air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat 24, at the interior installation air outlet flue seat ring 4 of this air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat 24, described air outlet flue seat ring 4 inner chambers form the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger 23, these air outlet flue seat ring 4 inwalls and described air outlet flue changeover portion 22 be connected to rounding off, described air outlet flue air inlet section 21 cross sections are tapered, the tapering of this air outlet flue air inlet section 21 is 90 °, the diameter of these air outlet flue air inlet section 21 bigger diameter ends is 24cm, the outlet of the air outlet flue guide hole 25 arranging in cylinder head is positioned at described air outlet flue changeover portion 22, at air outlet flue changeover portion 22 inwalls near these air outlet flue guide hole 25 outlet inner sides, outwards cave in, inwardly outstanding near air outlet flue changeover portion 22 inwalls in these air outlet flue guide hole 25 outlet outsides.
Refer to Fig. 2: a kind of optimization method of low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, modeling: set up intake duct 1 and air outlet flue 2 models, in intake duct guide hole 15 and air outlet flue guide hole 25, be installed into respectively valve guide bushing 16 and exhaust valve guide 26, in intake duct seat ring fitting seat 14 and air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat 24, described intake duct seat ring 3 and air outlet flue seat ring 4 be installed respectively simultaneously;
Step 3, repair a die: the intake duct 1 obtaining according to step 2 and the flow field collection of illustrative plates of air outlet flue 2 are repaired described intake duct 1 and air outlet flue 2, on affecting the place in flow field in intake duct 1 and air outlet flue 2, adjust, specifically:
A) intake duct 1 is repaired: the air inlet entrance center invariant position of intake duct 1, only change entrance caliber, air inlet export center invariant position, only change outlet caliber, determining like this intake duct 1 imports and exports after spatial form, up and down, do the intermediate shape from import to outlet of four batten curve controlled intake ducts 1, in every spline curve, define 9 point control spline curve, first should intake valve conduit 16 places arrange that multiple spots are controlled well and intake valve conduit 16 between intermediate shape, can select 4 points, secondly should intake duct 1 outlet end arrange multiple spot control between intake duct 1 and firing chamber excessively, can select 3 points, article four, to be high-order continuous for spline curve,
B) air outlet flue 2 is repaired: the exhaust entrance central position of air outlet flue 2 is constant, only change entrance caliber, the export center of giving vent to anger invariant position, only change outlet caliber, determine like this after air outlet flue 2 exhaust port spatial forms, up and down, do the intermediate form from import to outlet of four batten curve controlled air outlet flues 2, in every spline curve, define 9 point control spline curve, first should air outlet flue 2 entrance points arrange multiple spots control between air outlet flues 2 and firing chamber excessively, can select 4 points, secondly should exhaust valve guide 26 places arrange that multiple spots are controlled well and exhaust valve guide 26 between intermediate form, can select 3 points.
Step 4, simulation analysis: intake duct 1 and air outlet flue 2 after step 3 is adjusted generate 3D model, do CFD simulation analysis, guarantee finishing after intake duct 1 and air outlet flue 2 flow coefficients with roll stream than being in good level, the undesirable step 3 of returning is again repaired, until meet the requirements.
To the finishing of described intake duct 1 and air outlet flue 2, should make upper airway flow is smooth transition to molded line.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5: from flow field analysis, can find out, the new air flue after optimal design, flowing velocity obviously increases, and rolls stream than also obviously increasing, and this will improve the turbulent motion of mixed gas in cylinder greatly, improves rate of burning.
Former machine state: 10.34Nm/6500rpm, 7.94kw/8500rpm
Low-speed machine performance: 10.86Nm/3500rpm, 7.19Kw/7000rpm.
Claims (10)
1. a low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure, be included in the intake duct (1) and the air outlet flue (2) that in cylinder head, arrange, it is characterized in that: described intake duct (1) is from outside to inside by intake duct air inlet section (11), intake duct changeover portion (12) and the intake duct section of giving vent to anger (13) are connected in sequence, wherein intake duct air inlet section (11) is the outer little horn mouth of imperial palace of diameter, the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger (13) is the outer little interior large horn mouth of diameter, and the diameter of described intake duct air inlet section (11) smaller diameter end is greater than the diameter of the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger (13) smaller diameter end, described intake duct air inlet section (11) and intake duct changeover portion (12) be connected to rounding off, the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger (13) and intake duct changeover portion (12) be connected to rounding off,
Described air outlet flue (2) is connected in sequence by air outlet flue air inlet section (21), air outlet flue changeover portion (22) and the air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger (23) from the inside to the outside, wherein said air outlet flue air inlet section (21) is the outer little interior large horn mouth of diameter, the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger (23) is the outer little horn mouth of imperial palace of diameter, described air outlet flue air inlet section (21) and air outlet flue changeover portion (22) be connected to rounding off, the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger (23) and air outlet flue changeover portion (22) be connected to rounding off.
2. low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described intake duct (1) outlet port is provided with intake duct seat ring fitting seat (14), in this inlet valve seat ring fitting seat (14), be installed into air flue seat ring (3), described intake duct seat ring (3) inner chamber forms the described intake duct section of giving vent to anger (13), this intake duct seat ring (3) inwall and described intake duct changeover portion (12) be connected to rounding off.
3. low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described intake duct air inlet section (11) cross section is tapered, the tapering of this intake duct air inlet section (11) is 30 °, and the diameter of this intake duct air inlet section (11) bigger diameter end is 23cm; The described intake duct section of giving vent to anger (13) cross section is tapered, and the tapering of this intake duct air inlet section (11) is 90 °, and the diameter of this intake duct air inlet section (11) bigger diameter end is 30cm.
4. low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the outlet of the intake duct guide hole (15) arranging in cylinder head is positioned at described intake duct changeover portion (12).
5. low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described air outlet flue (2) inlet is provided with air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat (24), air outlet flue seat ring (4) is installed in this air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat (24), described air outlet flue seat ring (4) inner chamber forms the described air outlet flue section of giving vent to anger (23), this air outlet flue seat ring (4) inwall and described air outlet flue changeover portion (22) be connected to rounding off.
6. low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described air outlet flue air inlet section (21) cross section is tapered, the tapering of this air outlet flue air inlet section (21) is 90 °, and the diameter of this air outlet flue air inlet section (21) bigger diameter end is 24cm.
7. low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the outlet of the air outlet flue guide hole (25) arranging in cylinder head is positioned at described air outlet flue changeover portion (22), at air outlet flue changeover portion (22) inwall near this air outlet flue guide hole (25) outlet inner side, outwards cave in, inwardly outstanding near air outlet flue changeover portion (22) inwall in this air outlet flue guide hole (25) outlet outside.
8. an optimization method for low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, modeling: set up intake duct (1) and air outlet flue (2) model, in intake duct guide hole (15) and air outlet flue guide hole (25), be installed into respectively valve guide bushing (16) and exhaust valve guide (26), described intake duct seat ring (3) and air outlet flue seat ring (4) are installed respectively in intake duct seat ring fitting seat (14) and air outlet flue seat ring fitting seat (24) simultaneously;
Step 2, numerical simulation: intake duct (1) and air outlet flue (2) model are carried out to the numerical simulation in flow field, obtain the flow field collection of illustrative plates of intake duct (1) and air outlet flue (2);
Step 3, repair a die: the flow field collection of illustrative plates of the intake duct obtaining according to step 2 (1) and air outlet flue (2) is repaired described intake duct (1) and air outlet flue (2), on affecting the place in flow field in intake duct (1) and air outlet flue (2), adjust;
Step 4, simulation analysis: intake duct (1) and air outlet flue (2) after step 3 is adjusted generate 3D model, do CFD simulation analysis, guarantee that intake duct (1) after finishing and air outlet flue (2) flow coefficient flow than being in good level with rolling, the undesirable step 3 of returning is again repaired, until meet the requirements.
9. the optimization method of low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure according to claim 8, is characterized in that: as follows to the pre-shaping step of intake duct (1) and air outlet flue (2) in step 3:
A) intake duct (1) is repaired: the air inlet entrance center invariant position of intake duct (1), only change entrance caliber, air inlet export center invariant position, only change outlet caliber, determining like this intake duct (1) imports and exports after spatial form, up and down, do the intermediate shape from import to outlet of four batten curve controlled intake ducts (1), in every spline curve, define 9 point control spline curve, first should intake valve conduit (16) locate to arrange multiple spot is controlled well and intake valve conduit (16) between intermediate shape, secondly should intake duct (1) outlet end arrange multiple spot control between intake duct (1) and firing chamber excessively, article four, to be high-order continuous for spline curve,
B) air outlet flue (2) is repaired: the exhaust entrance central position of air outlet flue (2) is constant, only change entrance caliber, the export center of giving vent to anger invariant position, only change outlet caliber, determine like this after air outlet flue (2) exhaust port spatial form, up and down, do the intermediate form from import to outlet of four batten curve controlled air outlet flues (2), in every spline curve, define 9 point control spline curve, first should arrange the transition between multiple spot control air outlet flue (2) and firing chamber at air outlet flue (2) entrance point, secondly should exhaust valve guide (26) locate to arrange multiple spot is controlled well and exhaust valve guide (26) between intermediate shape.
10. the optimization method of low speed engine cylinder head intake and exhaust port structure according to claim 9, is characterized in that: to the finishing of described intake duct (1) and air outlet flue (2), should make upper airway flow is smooth transition to molded line.
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| CN104063553A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-09-24 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Optimization design method of combustion system of engine |
| CN110318904A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏江淮动力有限公司 | A kind of cylinder body entering and exhaust channel and engine |
| CN110318904B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-08-28 | 江苏江淮动力有限公司 | Cylinder block air inlet and exhaust passage and engine |
| CN111844563A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-30 | 青岛华涛汽车模具有限公司 | Machining die for air passage of air outlet of automobile air inlet manifold and demolding method of machining die |
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