CN103560962A - Method for automatically updating host routing table entries of Ethernet switch and switch - Google Patents
Method for automatically updating host routing table entries of Ethernet switch and switch Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of compute network data communication, in particular to a method for automatically updating host routing table entries of an Ethernet switch and a switch. The method includes the steps that when a host routing table is full, ARP request messages are sent to user equipment corresponding to ARP table entries in a software address resolution protocol table respectively, and a timer is started; ARP responses which are fed back by the user equipment and correspond to the ARP request messages are monitored; if no ARP response fed back by the user equipment is received before timing of the timer is cut off, it is determined that the user equipment has been offline; when it is monitored that the user equipment is offline, hardware host routing table entries which are issued according to the ARP table entries and correspond to the offline user equipment in the host routing table entries are deleted. Due to the technical scheme, when the host routing table is full of the host routing table entries, the utilization ratio of the host routing table entries in the host routing table is improved after the host routing table entries corresponding to the user equipment are deleted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer network data communication technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method and switch.
Background technology
Three-tier switch is that two layer-switching technologies and three layer-switching technologies mutually combine and grow up, and refers to the switch with part router feature.The most important object of three-tier switch is to accelerate the exchanges data of large-scale local area network (LAN) inside, and the routing function having also, for this object service, can be accomplished route one time, repeatedly forwards.Process for regularity such as package forwards is realized by High-Speed Hardware, and picture updating route information, routing table maintenance, route is calculated and route is determined etc. and function to be realized by software.Along with improving constantly of switching technology in data communication, chip manufacturer has developed the exchange chip with exchange ability of three layers switch, there is the extensive use of equipment of three layers of function of exchange, three-layer switching equipment can cross-VLAN (irtual Local Area Network, VLANV,) surface speed forwarding IP message, this is the advantage that two-layer switching equipment does not have.
For three-tier switch, the route table items of three-tier switch main frame is limited.Therefore, in three-tier switch, main frame route table items is filled with after the route table items of hardware host, that is to say as software address analysis protocol (Address Resolution Protocol, ARP) in table, when ARP list item number is greater than the main frame route table items of equipment, some ARP list items cannot issue hardware host route table items to main frame route table items, and then cause the main frame flow that these ARP list items are corresponding to forward by hardware.Meanwhile, the hardware host route table items issuing that occupies main frame route table items for these is often and not all to carry out session.Therefore, these are in idle hardware host route table items, and the main frame route table items in occupation of in main frame routing table, causes the low problem of main frame routing table utilance.
Summary of the invention
For improving the utilance of exchanger host routing table, the present invention proposes a kind of Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method and switch.
In first aspect, a kind of method that the embodiment of the present invention provides Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatically to upgrade, comprising:
When main frame routing table expires, subscriber equipment corresponding to ARP list item in showing to software address analysis protocol APR respectively sends ARP request message, and start timer, wherein, the IP address of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message and the IP address of destination end are the IP address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item, it is the MAC Address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item that MAC Address is controlled in the media interviews of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message, and the MAC Address of the destination end of described ARP request message is broadcast address;
The ARP corresponding with described ARP request message of monitoring users equipment feedback responds;
If receive the ARP of subscriber equipment feedback before described timer cut-off, do not respond, determine off-line of described subscriber equipment;
When monitoring subscriber equipment off-line, offline user equipment corresponding hardware host route table items issuing according to ARP list item in main frame routing table is deleted.
The method that the Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items that the embodiment of the present invention provides upgrades automatically, when in main frame routing table, main frame route table items has been expired, main frame route table items institute relative user equipment in main frame routing table is sent respectively at least one ARP request, according to the response of whether receiving the ARP request of subscriber equipment in the time before timer cut-off, and then determine whether to deposit the offline user equipment corresponding with ARP claims, while not receiving the response of subscriber equipment before timer cut-off, while there is the subscriber equipment of off-line, in main frame routing table, delete main frame route table items corresponding to gratuitous ARP request.Enforcement with this technical solution of the present invention, by the main frame route table items in main frame routing table, sending an ARP asks, and when judgement subscriber equipment is processed off-line state, delete the corresponding main frame route table items of offline user equipment in main frame routing table, make the routing device in off-line state no longer take main frame routing table, and then improved the utilance of exchanger host routing table.
In second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of switch, comprising:
ARP request sending module, for when main frame routing table expires, subscriber equipment corresponding to ARP list item in showing to software address analysis protocol APR respectively sends ARP request message, and start timer, wherein, the IP address of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message and the IP address of destination end are the IP address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item, it is the MAC Address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item that MAC Address is controlled in the media interviews of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message, and the MAC Address of the destination end of described ARP request message is broadcast address;
ARP responds and monitors module, for the ARP response corresponding with described ARP request message of monitoring users equipment feedback;
Off-line determination module, does not respond if receive the ARP of subscriber equipment feedback before described timer cut-off, determines off-line of described subscriber equipment;
Main frame route table items removing module, for when monitoring subscriber equipment off-line, deletes offline user equipment corresponding hardware host route table items issuing according to ARP list item in main frame routing table.
The switch that the embodiment of the present invention provides, switch main frame route table items completely time in main frame routing table, main frame route table items institute relative user equipment in main frame routing table is sent respectively at least one ARP request, according to the response of whether receiving the ARP request of subscriber equipment in the time before timer cut-off, and then determine whether to deposit the offline user equipment corresponding with ARP claims, while not receiving the response of subscriber equipment before timer cut-off, while there is the subscriber equipment of off-line, in main frame routing table, delete main frame route table items corresponding to gratuitous ARP request.Enforcement with this technical solution of the present invention, by the main frame route table items in main frame routing table, sending an ARP asks, and when judgement subscriber equipment is processed off-line state, delete the corresponding main frame route table items of offline user equipment in main frame routing table, make the routing device in off-line state no longer take main frame routing table, and then improved the utilance of exchanger host routing table.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms a part of the present invention, does not form limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
It shown in Fig. 1, is application network structural representation in the embodiment of the present invention;
It shown in Fig. 2, is Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method schematic flow sheet in the embodiment of the present invention one;
It shown in Fig. 3, is Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method schematic flow sheet in the embodiment of the present invention two;
It shown in Fig. 4, is switch architecture schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention three.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is carried out more in detail and complete explanation.Be understandable that, specific embodiment described herein is only for explaining the present invention, but not limitation of the invention.It also should be noted that, for convenience of description, in accompanying drawing, only show part related to the present invention but not full content.
Gratuitous ARP packet is a kind of special address resolution protocol (Address Resolution Protocol, ARP) message, the transmitting terminal carrying in gratuitous ARP packet and destination end IP address are all the machine IP addresses, the transmitting terminal MAC Address of message is the machine MAC Address, and the destination end MAC Address of message is broadcast address.The IP address that subscriber equipment is determined miscellaneous equipment by overseas broadcast gratuitous ARP packet whether with the IP address conflict of subscriber equipment.When miscellaneous equipment is received after gratuitous ARP packet, if find that the IP address in message is identical with the IP address of oneself, return to an ARP response to the equipment that sends gratuitous ARP packet, inform that user equipment (UE) IP address clashes.
It shown in Fig. 1, is application network structural representation in the embodiment of the present invention; Application network comprises the main frame being connected with switch as shown in Figure 1, and at least two subscriber equipmenies that are connected with switch.Main frame routing table is in switching equipment, to hold specific quantity according to the table of the hardware host route table items that in software ARP table, ARP list item issues.In order to realize the switching equipment transmission to data accurately and timely, must guarantee that main frame routing table is available free, the hardware host route table items can storage implementation issuing.With this, promote the utilance of main frame routing table in switching equipment, guaranteeing that switching equipment carries out active data transmission and sends just very important.Technical solution of the present invention that is to say based on this proposition, followingly take the application network structure shown in Fig. 1 the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments as basis.
It shown in Fig. 2, is Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method schematic flow sheet in the embodiment of the present invention one; Preferably, in the present embodiment, the realization of concrete mode can be applied in the network shown in Fig. 1, and the method for the present embodiment can be carried out by corresponding switch device.As shown in Figure 2, described method comprises:
In the present embodiment, this ARP message is carried out to broadcast transmission, thus, can convey each subscriber equipment that switch is connected and all receive this message, and respond according to protocols having.Because ARP request message is that address based on each list item sends, thus if subscriber equipment is online, will inevitably receive the ARP request message consistent with self address, and need carry out ARP response according to agreement.And then can be according at timer in definite time, the echo message of whether receiving ARP request message determines whether the state information that whether online the subscriber equipment corresponding with the hardware host route table items issuing in main frame routing table corresponding to the ARP request message sending be.
Concrete, in this enforcement, can to each subscriber equipment being associated with switching equipment, send ARP by the mode of broadcast and ask; And the ARP request sending can be gratuitous ARP request.
The ARP corresponding with ARP request message of step 202, monitoring users equipment feedback responds.
When switching equipment sends after ARP request, by the monitor function configuring in switching equipment, the response of the subscriber equipment of the ARP request sending is monitored.
Concrete, in the present embodiment according in step 201 broadcast ARP request message, switch monitors whether receive ARP response, if receive ARP before timer is set duration cut-off, respond, the subscriber equipment that in definite main frame routing table, main frame route shows the corresponding hardware host route table items issuing is in off-line state; If can receive ARP before timer is set duration cut-off, respond, determine that the subscriber equipment of main frame route table items is in use state.
If step 203 does not receive the ARP of subscriber equipment feedback and responds before timer cut-off, determine off-line of subscriber equipment.
According to the ARP request message of broadcast in step 201, switch monitors whether receive ARP response, if receive ARP before timer is set duration cut-off, responds, and determines that the subscriber equipment of main frame route table items is in off-line state.
Because next destination address in the ARP request message sending is with in main frame routing table, main frame route table items is corresponding accordingly, when not receiving the ARP response of subscriber equipment feedback, can determine that the main frame route table items of the hardware host route table items formation that in main frame routing table, corresponding main frame issues is not used.
Concrete, in the present embodiment, if main frame route table items corresponding to the hardware host route table items that the subscriber equipment of determining main frame route table items in step 202, when off-line state, issues the address of described main frame route table items in main frame routing table deleted.
More specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, can respond by wireless connections mode sending and receiving message information and ARP, described wireless connections mode includes but not limited to that 3G connects, WiFi connects, bluetooth connects, WiMAX connects, Zigbee connects, UWB(ultra wideband) connect or other future by the wireless connections mode of exploitation.
The method that the Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items that the embodiment of the present invention provides upgrades automatically, when in main frame routing table, main frame route table items has been expired, main frame route table items institute relative user equipment in main frame routing table is sent respectively at least one ARP request, according to the response of whether receiving the ARP request of subscriber equipment in the time before timer cut-off, and then determine whether to deposit the offline user equipment corresponding with ARP claims, while not receiving the response of subscriber equipment before timer cut-off, while there is the subscriber equipment of off-line, in main frame routing table, delete main frame route table items corresponding to gratuitous ARP request.Enforcement with this technical solution of the present invention, by the main frame route table items in main frame routing table, sending an ARP asks, and when judgement subscriber equipment is processed off-line state, delete the corresponding main frame route table items of offline user equipment in main frame routing table, make the routing device in off-line state no longer take main frame routing table, and then improved the utilance of exchanger host routing table.
In such scheme, the offline inspection of subscriber equipment in triggering main frame route table items when main frame route table items is expired, can to the main frame route table items in main frame routing table, clear up maintenance as required, when expiring, clears up main frame route table items, can reduce the frequency repeatedly detecting, also meet the demand of cleaning list item simultaneously.Utilized gratuitous ARP request message and ARP thereof to respond, effectively utilized existing message mechanism, without expansion extra equipment and software, so the popularization of technology is convenient, cost is low.
It shown in Fig. 3, is Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method schematic flow sheet in the embodiment of the present invention two; The present embodiment be take embodiment 1 as basis, wherein with identical the repeating no more of method step in described embodiment; Wherein, preferably this example is equally applicable in the network environment shown in Fig. 1, and by respective switch equipment as executive agent.As shown in Figure 3, described method comprises:
The host A RP request message that step 301, basis are tried to find out, obtains the ARP list item corresponding with host A RP request message.
Try to find out ARP request message and refer to that equipment is tried to find out in configuration accordingly in switching equipment, it possesses trying to find out or monitor function the ARP request message of main frame transmission.The ARP request message sending by trying to find out main frame, and then the information such as the host IP address comprising according to ARP request message, next destination address and outbound port is set up corresponding ARP list item in routing device.
Concrete, in the present embodiment, ARP list item comprises: the source IP in host A RP request message, source MAC with, receive the port of message and receive the VLAN of message.
Software ARP table is that main frame routing device obtains host A RP request message by trying to find out, and forms after ARP list item, the ARP table forming according to ARP list item; Wherein, software ARP table comprises that switching equipment tries to find out each ARP list item obtaining in the step 301 getting.
Hardware host route table items is the list item of a series of information such as the IP address, MAC Address of protected host, by the information of hardware host route table items, by sending the connect information of laggard row data packet transmission of ARP request and respective user equipment.
When set up software ARP in step 303 after, in order to realize main frame and subscriber equipment, by switching equipment, realize the transmission of data, the corresponding hardware host route table items of main frame must be issued in switching equipment, hardware host route table items is issued to after switch, sets up the main frame route table items corresponding with hardware host route table items in switching equipment main frame routing table.
Concrete, in the present embodiment, main frame route table items comprises: prefix is the host IP address of 32, target MAC (Media Access Control) address and the outbound port of down hop.
The ARP corresponding with ARP request message of step 305, monitoring users equipment feedback responds.
If step 306 does not receive the ARP of subscriber equipment feedback and responds before timer cut-off, determine off-line of subscriber equipment.
Further, also comprise: before obtaining corresponding ARP list item corresponding to host A RP request message, the ARP message of enabled switch is tried to find out function, configuration is the CPU to switch by the ARP message redirecting receiving.
Further, in the present embodiment, delete after the hardware host route table items that ARP list item issues, also comprise: in ARP table, ARP list item is labeled as to S; Being labeled as S represents that ARP list item is recorded in software and is not recorded in hardware.Accordingly, other ARP list items can be labeled as H, are labeled as H and represent that ARP list item is recorded in hardware He in software and has record.
The method that the Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items that the embodiment of the present invention provides upgrades automatically, when in main frame routing table, main frame route table items has been expired, main frame route table items institute relative user equipment in main frame routing table is sent respectively at least one ARP request, according to the response of whether receiving the ARP request of subscriber equipment in the time before timer cut-off, and then determine whether to deposit the offline user equipment corresponding with ARP claims, while not receiving the response of subscriber equipment before timer cut-off, while there is the subscriber equipment of off-line, in main frame routing table, delete main frame route table items corresponding to gratuitous ARP request.Enforcement with this technical solution of the present invention, by the main frame route table items in main frame routing table, sending an ARP asks, and when judgement subscriber equipment is processed off-line state, delete the corresponding main frame route table items of offline user equipment in main frame routing table, make the routing device in off-line state no longer take main frame routing table, and then improved the utilance of exchanger host routing table.
It shown in Fig. 4, is switch architecture schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention three; Preferably, the switch of this example is the switch described in Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 4, described switch comprises:
ARP request sending module 405, for when main frame routing table expires, subscriber equipment corresponding to ARP list item in showing to software address analysis protocol APR respectively sends ARP request message, and start timer, wherein, the IP address of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message and the IP address of destination end are the IP address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item, it is the MAC Address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item that MAC Address is controlled in the media interviews of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message, and the MAC Address of the destination end of described ARP request message is broadcast address.
ARP responds and monitors module 406, for the ARP response corresponding with described ARP request message of monitoring users equipment feedback.
Off-line determination module 407, does not respond if receive the ARP of subscriber equipment feedback before described timer cut-off, determines off-line of described subscriber equipment.
Main frame route table items removing module 408, for when monitoring subscriber equipment off-line, deletes offline user equipment corresponding hardware host route table items issuing according to ARP list item in main frame routing table.
Further, in the present embodiment, switch also comprises ARP list item acquisition module 402, for according to the host A RP request message of trying to find out, obtains the ARP list item corresponding with described host A RP request message.
ARP list item adds module 403, for described ARP list item being added into software ARP table; And
Hardware host route table items issues module 404, for issuing hardware host route table items to main frame routing table according to described ARP list item.Wherein, main frame route table items comprises: prefix is the host IP address of 32, target MAC (Media Access Control) address and the outbound port of down hop.
Further, in the present embodiment, switch also comprises redirection module 401, the host A RP request message of trying to find out for basis, before obtaining the ARP list item corresponding with described host A RP request message, the ARP message monitoring function of enabled switch, configuration is the CPU to switch by the ARP message redirecting receiving.Wherein, ARP list item comprises: the source IP in host A RP request message, source MAC with, receive the port of message and receive the VLAN of message.
Further, in the present embodiment, also comprise mark module 409, after the hardware host route table items issuing at deletion ARP list item, in described ARP table, described ARP list item is labeled as to S; The described S of being labeled as represents that described ARP list item is recorded in software and is not recorded in hardware.
The switch that the embodiment of the present invention provides, switch main frame route table items completely time in main frame routing table, main frame route table items institute relative user equipment in main frame routing table is sent respectively at least one ARP request, according to the response of whether receiving the ARP request of subscriber equipment in the time before timer cut-off, and then determine whether to deposit the offline user equipment corresponding with ARP claims, while not receiving the response of subscriber equipment before timer cut-off, while there is the subscriber equipment of off-line, in main frame routing table, delete main frame route table items corresponding to gratuitous ARP request.Enforcement with this technical solution of the present invention, by the main frame route table items in main frame routing table, sending an ARP asks, and when judgement subscriber equipment is processed off-line state, delete the corresponding main frame route table items of offline user equipment in main frame routing table, make the routing device in off-line state no longer take main frame routing table, and then improved the utilance of exchanger host routing table.
In such scheme, the offline inspection of subscriber equipment in triggering main frame route table items when main frame route table items is expired, can to the main frame route table items in main frame routing table, clear up maintenance as required, when expiring, clears up main frame route table items, can reduce the frequency repeatedly detecting, also meet the demand of cleaning list item simultaneously.Utilized gratuitous ARP request message and ARP thereof to respond, effectively utilized existing message mechanism, without expansion extra equipment and software, so the popularization of technology is convenient, cost is low.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, to those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.All any modifications of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included within spirit of the present invention and principle.
Claims (10)
1. an Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method, is characterized in that, comprising:
When main frame routing table expires, subscriber equipment corresponding to ARP list item in showing to software address analysis protocol APR respectively sends ARP request message, and start timer, wherein, the IP address of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message and the IP address of destination end are the IP address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item, it is the MAC Address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item that MAC Address is controlled in the media interviews of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message, and the MAC Address of the destination end of described ARP request message is broadcast address;
The ARP corresponding with described ARP request message of monitoring users equipment feedback responds;
If receive the ARP of subscriber equipment feedback before described timer cut-off, do not respond, determine off-line of described subscriber equipment;
When monitoring subscriber equipment off-line, offline user equipment corresponding hardware host route table items issuing according to ARP list item in main frame routing table is deleted.
2. Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, subscriber equipment corresponding to ARP list item in showing to software APR respectively also comprises before sending ARP request message:
According to the host A RP request message of trying to find out, obtain the ARP list item corresponding with described host A RP request message;
Described ARP list item is added into software ARP table; And
According to described ARP list item, issue hardware host route table items to main frame routing table.
3. Ethernet exchanging main frame route table items automatic update method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the host A RP request message that described basis is tried to find out, before obtaining the ARP list item corresponding with described host A RP request message, also comprises:
The ARP message monitoring function of enabled switch, configuration is the CPU to switch by the ARP message redirecting receiving.
4. Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described main frame route table items comprises: prefix is the host IP address of 32, target MAC (Media Access Control) address and the outbound port of down hop;
Described ARP list item comprises: the source IP in host A RP request message, source MAC with, receive the port of message and receive the VLAN of message.
5. Ethernet exchanging machine host route table items automatic update method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, after the hardware host route table items that deletion ARP list item issues, also comprises:
In described ARP table, described ARP list item is labeled as to S; The described S of being labeled as represents that described ARP list item is recorded in software and is not recorded in hardware.
6. a switch, is characterized in that, comprising:
ARP request sending module, for when main frame routing table expires, subscriber equipment corresponding to ARP list item in showing to software address analysis protocol APR respectively sends ARP request message, and start timer, wherein, the IP address of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message and the IP address of destination end are the IP address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item, it is the MAC Address of subscriber equipment described in described APR list item that MAC Address is controlled in the media interviews of the transmitting terminal of described ARP request message, and the MAC Address of the destination end of described ARP request message is broadcast address;
ARP responds and monitors module, for the ARP response corresponding with described ARP request message of monitoring users equipment feedback;
Off-line determination module, does not respond if receive the ARP of subscriber equipment feedback before described timer cut-off, determines off-line of described subscriber equipment;
Main frame route table items removing module, for when monitoring subscriber equipment off-line, deletes offline user equipment corresponding hardware host route table items issuing according to ARP list item in main frame routing table.
7. switch as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises:
ARP list item acquisition module, for according to the host A RP request message of trying to find out, obtains the ARP list item corresponding with described host A RP request message;
ARP list item adds module, for described ARP list item being added into software ARP table; And
Hardware host route table items issues module, for issuing hardware host route table items to main frame routing table according to described ARP list item.
8. switch as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Redirection module, the host A RP request message of trying to find out for basis, before obtaining the ARP list item corresponding with described host A RP request message, the ARP message monitoring function of enabled switch, configuration is the CPU to switch by the ARP message redirecting receiving.
9. switch as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described main frame route table items comprises: prefix is the host IP address of 32, target MAC (Media Access Control) address and the outbound port of down hop;
Described ARP list item comprises: the source IP in host A RP request message, source MAC with, receive the port of message and receive the VLAN of message.
10. switch as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Mark module, after the hardware host route table items issuing at deletion ARP list item, in described ARP table, is labeled as S by described ARP list item; The described S of being labeled as represents that described ARP list item is recorded in software and is not recorded in hardware.
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