CN103560587A - Zero power consumption green power supply synthesized power distribution control box - Google Patents
Zero power consumption green power supply synthesized power distribution control box Download PDFInfo
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- CN103560587A CN103560587A CN201310573205.4A CN201310573205A CN103560587A CN 103560587 A CN103560587 A CN 103560587A CN 201310573205 A CN201310573205 A CN 201310573205A CN 103560587 A CN103560587 A CN 103560587A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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Abstract
A zero power consumption green power supply synthesized power distribution control box has the functions of thunder prevention, electric leakage protection, electric energy display, programmable switch timing, wireless remote control and human body Doppler inductive control. After the load of electric equipment exceeds a set value and the electric equipment is powered off, a socket blacks out automatically, as a result, no energy is consumed when the electric equipment is in a standby state, and the effect of zero power consumption in a static state is achieved. A magnetic latching relay, an electronic shunt release, a high-efficiency lithium battery and a low-power dissipation device are used, and the lithium battery can maintain true energy-saving operation of the electric equipment when the electric equipment is in a standby state. Meanwhile, the zero power consumption green power supply synthesized power distribution control box has a short circuit function and an overload protection function; each distribution line has independent switching on / off functions, and the whole control box has general switching on / off functions to ensure equipment safety. The zero power consumption green power supply synthesized power distribution control box has extremely high practicability and can replace an existing source distribution cabinet in a family or an office, and a user can increase or decrease the number of switch control lines according to the demands of the user.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power technique fields, particularly a kind of intelligent power case distribution management technology in family and the application of office field.
Background technology
Along with popularizing of household electrical appliance, audio-visual products, the extensive use of office automation and the development of networking, increasing product has had idle function, and the electric equipment with standby energy consumption mainly contains air-conditioning, computer and communication system (comprising Computerized remote-control reflector, display screen, computer stereo, printer, scanner, charger, router etc.), home videos and audio system (comprising television set, DVD, VCD, sound equipment, power amplifier, Set Top Box, satellite receiver etc.).For fear of the trouble of frequent plugging electric plug, or in order to preserve the setting of electrical equipment being used to state, many users adopt very habitually not deenergization and only with remote controller closed electrical equipment easily, make electrical equipment for a long time in holding state.Idle function, when facilitating for resident, has also caused a large amount of energy wastes.
For example, the standby energy consumption of general home computer is 6 watts of left and right, and 1 year probably many with regard to power consumption 52 degree, and this is very surprising.Also have equipment that some people easily ignore all can produce standby energy consumption as router, cordless telephone etc.What the U.S. required that the standby energy consumption of all electrical equipment is controlled at that 1 Wa Yinei， China does preferably now can reach 0.6 watt.Common electric standby energy consumption (can because of concrete electrical equipment to some extent difference), the standby energy consumption of Digital Television is in l～5W left and right, set-top box standby energy consumption 20～40W left and right, 8 watts of-30 watts of left and right of air-conditioning, personal computer and display standby energy consumption 5～10W left and right, charger for mobile phone standby energy consumption 0.5～1W left and right.The energy consuming because of standby according to Organization for International Economic Cooperation investigation Cheng， various countries accounts for 3%～13% of energy consumption sum.Statistics is: large sharp 12% left and right of Australia, Korea S 11% left and right, German 10% left and right, Britain 8% left and right, Japanese 7% left and right, the U.S. 5% left and right, Finland 5% left and right.10% left and right that the average standby energy consumption of China's urban family has accounted for family's total energy consumption at present, is equivalent to " altar lamp " that each family is being used a 15～30W.Standby energy consumption, as a stealthy blood sucker, has formed huge environmental protection pressure when wasting energy.
According to Shanghai Power Company's investigation of tissue in the recent period, show, the standby energy consumption total amount of the main household electrical appliance of this three class of this city's air-conditioning, home videos and audio system, computer and communication system is about 700,000,000 kilowatt hours, if average every generating 1 kilowatt hour, 468 grams of raw coal need to be consumed, more than 30 ten thousand tons of raw coal will be wasted so.The standby energy consumption of annual 700000000 kilowatt hours, directly causes the waste of approximately 300,000,000 yuan of electric cost expenditures of consumer.
For solving product and the patent that has occurred zero-power or ultra-micro power consumption energy-saving socket or transducer and so on stand-by power consumption market, through looking into, the patent No. is CN 101635515 A " static safe energy-saving converter with zero power consumption ", the patent No. is CN 107 635518 A " ultramicro power-consumption standby safety energy-saving converter ", the patent No. is CN 101635578 R " ultramicro power-consumption standby safety energy-saving converter ", the patent No. is CN 101640347 A " ultramicro standby power consumption timer socket ", the patent No. is CN 201466359 U " Full-automatic energy-saving intelligent socket ", the patent No. is all this to be set forth in the patent document of CN 101662109A " ultramicro standby power consumption wireless remote controlled socket " etc., these sockets or transducer have had certain function on energy-conservation and safe, but there are following some shortcomings:
One, equally there is standby energy consumption in socket during standby.
Two, lightning protection circuit is simple, may occur the phenomenon of being struck by lightning at thunderstorm weather power consumption equipment, thus damage equipment and cause personal injury.
Three, on socket, power consumption equipment load is overweight, when electric current is excessive, can not cuts off AC power and have potential safety hazard.
Four, Antisurge current ability, when surge current impacts power consumption equipment, can cause damage to power consumption equipment.
The operational factor that five, can not show in real time power consumption equipment.
Six, most of sockets do not possess creepage protection function, and the electrical fire, electric equipment damage accident and the physical electrical shock fire protection casualty accident that for electric leakage, cause are helpless.
Seven, versatility is poor, a socket can only be to meeting the power consumption equipment demand on this socket that is inserted in, so one family or office space just need a plurality of sockets to meet the demand of different power consumption equipments, this has increased user's purchase cost on the one hand, extremely inconvenient in operation and maintenance on the other hand.
Eight, function singleness, can not provide comprehensive power supply distribution and management.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above of existing Intelligent energy-saving power socket existence and a kind of zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet is provided, for achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet (Yi Si road distribution is controlled as example), it is characterized in that: AC power is sent into total air switch 2 after being first input to lightning protection unit 1, residual current protective unit 4 is sent in total air switch 2 outputs, the first air switch 14 is sent into respectively in the output of residual current protective unit 4, the second air switch 16, the 3rd air switch 18, the 4th air switch 20 and the first magnetic latching relay 31, the second magnetic latching relay 32, the 3rd magnetic latching relay 33, the 4th magnetic latching relay 34.
The first air switch 14 and the first magnetic latching relay 31 are sent AC power into a room electric appliance alternating branch road 25 by electrical power sensor 21; The second air switch 16 and the second magnetic latching relay 32 are sent AC power into b room electric appliance alternating branch road 26 by electrical power sensor 22; The 3rd air switch 18 and the 3rd magnetic latching relay 33 are sent AC power into c room electric appliance alternating branch road 27 by electrical power sensor 23; The 4th air switch 20 and the 4th magnetic latching relay 34 are sent AC power into d room electric appliance alternating branch road 28 by electrical power sensor 24.
Described microprocessor 12 communicates with electric energy metrical unit 3, and electric energy metrical unit 3 is by electrical power sensor 35 data acquisition bus road electrical energy parameters; Described microprocessor 12 communicates with residual current protective unit 4, with its input instruction of keyboard 11 communications reception, is connected its demonstration data and mode of controlling with display screen.
Described wireless receiver 29 is connected with doppler receiver 30 output-parallels, wireless receiver 36 is connected with doppler receiver 37 output-parallels, wireless receiver 38 is connected with doppler receiver 39 output-parallels, wireless receiver 40 is connected with doppler receiver 41 output-parallels, receive wireless remote control transmitted signal and human infrared signal, both output signals are sent into the first magnetic latching relay 31, the second magnetic latching relay 32, the 3rd magnetic latching relay 33, the 4th magnetic latching relay 34.
Described microprocessor 12 output control signals are controlled respectively the first shunt release 13, for controlling the break-make of the first air switch 14; The second shunt release 15 is for controlling the break-make of the second air switch 16; The 3rd shunt release 17 is for controlling the break-make of the 3rd air switch 18; The 4th shunt release 19 is for controlling the break-make of the 4th air switch 20.
Described lithium cells 8 is respectively to respectively needing the working cell of direct current supply that working dc power is provided.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet is by the transition in Novel lightning-proof circuit inhibition thunder and lightning and electrical network, surge etc.; protected power consumption equipment not to be subject to it to disturb, damage; improved power quality; guaranteed the stable operation of power consumption equipment; extended the useful life of power consumption equipment; reduce failure rate and the maintenance cost of power consumption equipment, reached the double effects to power consumption equipment economize on electricity and protection.
2, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet can observe by display screen that power consumption equipment is moving or electric parameter during standby intuitively, makes user very clear for power consumption equipment economize on electricity situation, has more practicality and convenience.
3, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet is at power consumption equipment shutdown rear socket meeting auto-breaking, and making power consumption equipment standby power consumption is zero, has realized static zero consumption function.
4, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet is owing to having adopted magnetic latching relay, electronics shunt release, efficient lithium battery and low energy-consumption electronic device, can maintain its work really accomplish energy-conservation in self stand-by operation with lithium battery.
5, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet has creepage protection function, can effectively protect the safety of using power consumption equipment personnel.
6, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet has electric leakage, short circuit, overload protection function ，Mei road distribution line and has independently and open, stop function, and whole control cabinet has total function of opening, stop, to guarantee device security.
7, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet has programmable switch timing, relevant Protection parameters setting and wireless remote control and human body Doppler infrared induction function, facilitates the different demands of user.
8, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet is installed simple, handled easily, reliable operation, and applicability is strong, perfect in shape and function, not high being easy to of pollution free green environment protection, cost promoted.
9, this zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet has extremely strong actual practicality, can replace the power supply distribution box of existing family or office space, and user can or reduce switch and control way according to own increase in demand.
Feature of the present invention and advantage will be elaborated by reference to the accompanying drawings by embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet system block diagram
Fig. 2: usual manner distribution control box system block diagram
Fig. 3: shunt release is controlled
Fig. 4: charge switch control principle drawing
Fig. 5: magnetic latching relay and air switch connection diagram
Fig. 6: AC/DC control principle drawing
Fig. 7: AC sampling and ic for energy metering figure
Fig. 8: residual current protective unit circuit diagram
Fig. 9: radio transmitter figure
Figure 10: wireless receiving circuit figure
Figure 11: Doppler
Figure 12: wireless remote control emitter profile schematic diagram
Figure 13: electric energy metrical theory diagram.
Embodiment
A kind of zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet system block diagram is as shown in figure mono-; first AC power is input to lightning protection unit 1; total air switch 2 is sent in its output under normal circumstances; if while running into thunderbolt or large transition, surge; lightning protection unit 1 will self-protecting; cut off the AC power of leading to total air switch 2, to protect whole system and electrical appliance can not be damaged.
The AC energy parameter on electrical power sensor 35 data acquisition bus roads is sent into electric energy metrical unit 3, the signal of the 3 pairs of detections in electric energy metrical unit calculates, microprocessor 12 carries out two-way communication with electric energy metrical unit 3, read electric energy metrical unit 3 data, be sent to after treatment display screen 10 and shown relevant electrical energy parameter, such as input voltage, output voltage, active power etc.
The consuming electric power of a room electrical equipment is detected and is sent to microprocessor 12 by electrical power sensor 21, the consuming electric power of b room electrical equipment is detected and is sent to microprocessor 12 by electrical power sensor 22, the consuming electric power of c room electrical equipment is detected and is sent to microprocessor 12 by electrical power sensor 23, the consuming electric power of d room electrical equipment is detected and is sent to microprocessor 12 by electrical power sensor 24, when microprocessor 12 detects a certain room electric current over set point, microprocessor 12 turn-offs rapidly to the shunt opening device of controlling this room the power supply that corresponding air switch cuts off this room by sending action command, send warning sound simultaneously and shown on display screen 10.
By the AC power of total air switch, be input to the input of charge switch 5, charge switch 5 is magnetic latching relays, and it receives from the action command of microprocessor 12 and opens or close the communication channel that outputs to AC/DC converting unit.AC/DC converting unit is transformed to 12V DC power supply by 220V AC power and is sent to charhing unit 7, charhing unit adopts the charger circuit chip CN3703 of constant current/constant voltage charging to carry out Charge Management to lithium ion battery, and output voltage is sent into lithium battery 8 it is charged.Transducer 9 is for detection of the electric energy of lithium battery 8 and send into microprocessor 12, when the electric energy of lithium battery 8 is closed communication channel by output control signal to charging switching element 5 higher than microprocessor 12 in set point, stop to lithium battery 8 charging, when the electric energy of lithium battery 8, lower than microprocessor 12 in set point, output control signal is opened to communication channel to charging switching element 5 and charge to lithium battery 8.
By the AC power of total air switch 2, send into residual current protective unit 4; electric equipment when each room leaked electricity after (leakage current surpasses set point); microprocessor will send action command to the first shunt opening device 13, the second shunt opening device 15, the 3rd shunt opening device 17, the 4th shunt opening device 19; be used for turn-offing the first air switch 14, the second air switch 16, the 3rd air switch 18, the 4th air switch 20; the communication channel in each room is all disconnected, protection equipment and personnel's safety.As further improvement; a residual current protective unit can be set on the communication channel in each room; detect respectively the leakage current of each branch road, when occurring that leakage current surpasses set point, turn-off corresponding communication channel and do not affect the use of electric equipment in other passage.
The first air switch 14 is sent AC power into a room 25 by electrical power sensor 21; The second air 16 switches are sent AC power into b room 26 by electrical power sensor 22; The 3rd air 18 switches are sent AC power into c room 27 by electrical power sensor 23; The 4th air 20 switches are sent AC power into d room 28 by electrical power sensor 24.
The snap close of the first shunt release 13 actuating mechanisms and the first air switch 14 connects together, the snap close of the second shunt release 15 actuating mechanisms and the second air switch 16 connects together, the snap close of the 3rd shunt release 17 actuating mechanisms and the 3rd air switch 18 connects together, the snap close of the 4th shunt release 19 actuating mechanisms and the 4th air switch 20 connects together, release belongs to a kind of electromagnetic trip parts, and it is by the additional signal of telecommunication, to complete the function of the controlled dropout of circuit breaker.As needed under abnormality, cut off normal power supply loop, be applied on the shunt release coil of circuit breaker by d. c. voltage signal, make circuit breaker disjunction, circuit breaker and shunt release can be one, can be also combination assemblings.The first shunt release 13, the second shunt release 15, the 3rd shunt release 17, the 4th shunt release 19 are controlled by microprocessor 12 in the present invention, when microprocessor 12 has trip signal output, corresponding air switch is turn-offed in corresponding shunt release action, to cut off the AC power of leading to each room.
The output-parallel of wireless receiver unit 29 and doppler receiver unit 30 is connected to become the relation of logical “and”, wireless receiver 36 and doppler receiver 37 output-parallels are connected to become the relation of logical “and”, wireless receiver 38 and doppler receiver 39 output-parallels are connected to become the relation of logical “and”, wireless receiver 40 and doppler receiver 41 output-parallels are connected to become the relation of logical “and”, receive respectively that wireless remote control transmits and human infrared signal, both output signals are sent into the first magnetic latching relay 31, the second magnetic latching relay 32, the 3rd magnetic latching relay 33, the 4th magnetic latching relay 34.Because wireless receiver and doppler receiver output-parallel are connected to become the relation of logical “and”, when the two one of them, there is signal output, can control the action of magnetic latching relay.
Send into microprocessor 12, why to adopt wireless remote control and human body Doppler infrared induction technology? its reason is as follows: in leading to the communication channel in every room, all lay electrical power sensor 21,22,23,24, when detecting the electric current flowing through, these transducers are less than after set point, microprocessor 12 will send action command and make corresponding shunt release action make the disjunction of respective air switch, and corresponding room AC power will be closed.And air switch is had no progeny in pass and is needed manual reset can recover on-state, while supposing need to turn on light or open night other what equipment, if reset air switch power-on certainly will seem too inconvenient before needing user to get up to go to distribution control box, how to process problems? the present invention has adopted wireless remote control and Doppler's human body infrared induction reception technique.
In Fig. 1, can see that AC power is through lightning protection unit 1, total air switch 2, after residual current protective unit 4, be sent on the first air switch 14 and the first magnetic latching relay 31, physical cabling as shown in Figure 5, air switch contact and magnetic latching relay contact are relations in parallel, in normal operation, air switch contact is in closure, AC power provides power supply through two contacts of air switch to load, after load current is less than set point, microprocessor sends instruction and to shunt release, its air switch contact is takeoff disconnected to lead to the AC power path of load, when needs are opened load alternating current source, use wireless remote control emitter or human body sensing to send signal, wireless remote controlled receiver and Doppler's wireless receiver drive signal to one of magnetic latching relay after receiving signal, make its contact closure that AC power is sent to load.
Fig. 2 is conventional room distribution control box schematic diagram, and control cabinet is very simply with regard to several air switches.
Fig. 3 is shunt release fundamental diagram, microprocessor sends action command to driver element, actuating signal is added in driving voltage shunt release coil two ends after driver element power transfer, shunt release coil obtains electric rear generation electromagnetic attraction and drives shunt release action, air switch contact is disconnected, communication channel is blocked without alternating voltage and exports, whether working properly for detecting shunt release coil, on shunt release coil, also has a sensitive switch, when shunt release coil regular event, sensitive switch is closed, state inverse signal using this signal as shunt release coil returns to microprocessor, if shunt release coil motion is undesired, sensitive switch can closure not return to microprocessor with regard to stateless inverse signal yet, now microprocessor will be reported to the police and be warned.
Fig. 4 is charge switch control principle drawing, and the present invention adopts BL8023 bidirectional relay drive integrated circult, and for controlling the work of magnetic latching relay, it is large that it has output current, the feature that quiescent dissipation is little.Operating voltage is at 5-16V quiescent dissipation electric current <1OnA, and input height switching levels is in 2V left and right, compatible with various microprocessors, the working temperature scope of application :-40 ℃ one 80 ℃.
Input A (3P) input B (7P) outer meeting resistance 4R1,4R2, to ground, keep low level.Need like this relay work just can add high level at A end, otherwise add high level at B end, press the work of menu state.BL8023 bidirectional relay drive integrated circult pin function is as follows:
(1) input A. connects trigger impulse, also can connect level triggers.(2) input B. connects trigger impulse, also can connect level triggers.(3) 2 pin, 6 pin are sky pin.(4) output QA succeeds line bag one end of electrical equipment.(5) input QB succeeds the line bag other end of electrical equipment.(6) Vdd adds relay working voltage anode.(7) V ss adds relay working voltage negative terminal.Can see in the drawings 3 pin input A and 7 pin input B that microprocessor output is sent into IC1 bidirectional relay drive integrated circult BL8023 through drive circuit and diode 4D1,4D2, control the action of magnetic latching relay J1 and open or close.
Eat latching relay state work functions table
| Input A | Input B | Output | Output QB | |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 0 | 0 | High resistant | High resistant | |
| 1 | 1 | High resistant | High resistant |
Fig. 5 magnetic latching relay and air switch connection diagram, operation principle is identical with magnetic latching relay control principle described in Fig. 4, in Fig. 5 at a sensitive switch K1 of air switch shunt opening trip coil series connection, when shunt release is by armature adhesive, sensitive switch often converts to and opens from normally off, has disconnected communication channel.When circuit breaker fastens after lock again, sensitive switch is again in normally closed position, and now VCC, by sensitive switch and the differential circuit that is comprised of capacitor C w and resistance R w to slot signal of magnetic latching relay, makes magnetic latching relay in original operating state.
In this circuit, adopted a high integration, high performance mode PWM controlled device chip IC 4 OB2269, OB2269 can reduce the switching frequency of chip linearly, reduces the loss of switch; It has extremely low starting current and operating current (2.3mA), to reduce power consumption, improves power conversion efficiency; It current sample input pin end built-in lead-edge-blanking function, can effectively remove the burr in current feedback signal, contribute to reduce external component quantity, thereby improve the overall performance of switch power supply system, and effectively reduce the holistic cost of system.OB2269 provide multiple comprehensively can recovery and protection pattern, comprise the protection to outside MOSFET power tube.
In figure, exchange the full-wave bridge rectifier that input forms through D1-D4, capacitor C 1 filtering, R1/R2 starts input VIN end with 3 pin of IC1 and is connected, and as chip, starts fast.
In figure, 4 pin RI ends are circumscribed with resistance R 4, and R4 resistance has determined working frequency of chip.
Operating frequency f (KHz)=6500/R4 (k Ω)
Operating frequency range can be 45K-100KHz, but chip system performance optimization is mainly the range of application that is designed in 50KHz-65KHz.
In figure, 5 pin RT ends are circumscribed with R3 and two resistance of NTC; R3 is semifixed resistor; NTC is the temperature and resistance with secondary temperature coefficient, when causing internal system temperature to rise gradually because of certain factor, and the impact that NTC thermo-compensator is raise by temperature; its resistance is planted gradually and is reduced; thereby the voltage of RT end is declined gradually, until the voltage of RT end drops to after the following and lasting 100uS of 1. 065V (typical case plants), chip stops driving and then turn-offing MOSFET; power supply output is closed, protection whole system; When internal system temperature reduces gradually, the impact that thermo-compensator is declined by temperature, its resistance raises gradually, thereby make the voltage of RT end increase gradually, until the voltage of RT end rises to 1. 165V typical cases, plant) and continue after 100uS, chip recovers output automatically, and system is recovered normal operation.
Exchange the full-wave bridge rectifier that input forms through D1-D4, after capacitor C 1 filtering, be added to the former limit of transformer L1, L2 transformer secondary output stable output direct voltage after capacitor C 4/C5 filtering; Direct voltage is sent to charhing unit, as the charging voltage of lithium battery; Transformer L3 is added to 7 pin power end VDD of chip IC 1 through D4, R5 and capacitor C 2 filtering as chip operation power supply; Output voltage is added to chip 2 pin feedback input end FB through feedback circuit by output voltage variable quantity; when there is overpower or short circuit in output; the voltage of FB end is planted and is dropped to 1V when following, and GATE end is without driving signal output, and chip is exported to be closed and protected whole system.
Fig. 7 is AC sampling and ic for energy metering figure, in circuit, IC5 chip CS5460 is the electric energy computation chip of CRYSTAL company, it is a kind of single phase bidirectional power electric energy integrated circuit (IC) chip with serial line interface, very easily be connected with microprocessor, this chip adopts CMOS manufacturing process, and low in energy consumption, integrated level is high, form the required peripheral components of electric energy meter few, the linearity of measuring energy data in the dynamic range of 300:1 is in 0.1%; Meanwhile, Embedded is comprised of the calculating of electric energy, real available value of voltage, electric current real effective and electrical energy pulse translation function and interface circuit.The operation principle of this circuit is: sample circuit is transformed into the acceptable small voltage signal of CS5460 inputted voltage and current signal, CS5460 calculates electric energy according to the defeated people's of sample circuit electric current and voltage, then voltage, electric current and power are sent to microprocessor by three line bi-directional serial interfaces, microprocessor is according to the instruction display measurement result of sending into, have simultaneously and measure accumulative total electricity consumption electric energy, the instantaneous power of socket load, the function of accumulative total electricity consumption time, during power failure, data can be preserved automatically.
In Fig. 7 circuit, voltage sampling circuit is comprised of voltage sensor CT2 and precision resistance network and debounce electric capacity, and the component of voltage of collection is sent into differential voltage positive input terminal VIN+ and the differential voltage negative input end VIN-of CS5460; Current sampling circuit Current Transmit 1, precision resistance network and debounce electric capacity form, and the current component of collection is sent into difference current positive input terminal IIN+ and the difference current negative input end IIN-of CS5460, and the pin function of CS5460 and microprocessor communication is as follows
5p SCLK: serial clock input
6p SDO: serial clock output
7p CS: sheet choosing
20p/INT: interrupt output
23p SDI: serial data input
The pin RESET/CS/SDI/SDO/SCLK/EDIR of CS5469 connects microprocessor P1.0-P1.5 mouth and receives the signal from microprocessor, and INT is connected the interrupt signal receiving from CS5460 with the RST pin of microprocessor.17 pin PFMON meet 7R10 and 7R11 connects with ground again, monitor that whether analog power input is lower than threshold values.
In order to realize the function of electric energy meter, software can be divided into: feature operation module and system parameters self-correcting module, the major function of systemic-function operational module is: for friendly interactive interface is provided between system and operating personnel, system is effectively managed, so this functional module core that is this electric energy meter.
The energy data that the ic for energy metering that the present invention adopts detects can not be equal to mutually with the data that national ammeter detects, just in order to offer user convenient general understand bearing power and power consumption overview.
Fig. 8 is residual current protective unit circuit diagram, earth leakage protective device is installed in low-voltage distribution system is and avoid physical electrical shock fire protection casualty accident and electric leakage and the electrical fire causing, the effective measures of electric equipment damage accident.The magnitude of voltage contacting when human body has surpassed safety value; or the shock current of human body and other are when fault current has surpassed permissible value over the ground; earth leakage protective device can automatic cut-off power, thereby ensures the safety of the person and equipment. it formed together with safe barrier, guaranteed the fail safe of people's electricity consumptions.Electric leakage processing method of the present invention adopts microprocessor real-time sampling electric leakage signal, and selects electric leakage specification and delay time by microprocessor.Whole electric leakage processing module only needs hardware resource and the one section of electric leakage sampling processing program of 1 ADC of microprocessor, electric leakage can be processed and is focused on the main controller of residual current circuit breaker, realizes the detection to system electric leakage state.
Detecting element is leakage current transducer; it by the ring-shaped core sealing and once, secondary winding forms; when protected circuit non-contact electric, leak current fault; the vector sum of the primary side current by leakage current transducer 5T1 equals zero; the flux vectors that each phase operating current produces in this current sensor like this and be also zero; therefore the second siding ring 5T2 of current sensor does not have induced electromotive force to produce, and earth leakage protective device is failure to actuate, system normal power supply.When having people to get an electric shock in protected circuit or occurring leak current fault, existence due to leakage current, making each phase load electric current (the comprising neutral current) vector sum by leakage current transducer primary side is no longer zero, this vector sum is exactly leakage current, flux vectors and effect under, now on the ring-shaped core of current sensor, will there is excitation magnetic potential to exist, the second siding ring of current sensor has induced electromotive force to produce, this signal is through filtering, amplify, voltage lifting etc. is sent into operational amplifier A 1 through processing and comparing, be transformed to the unipolarity voltage signal 0-5 V that A/D module can gather and finally send into microprocessor.When detecting electric current big or small, according to each cycle 40 points, sample according to the cycle of test current (power frequency), after sampling one-period, according to the numerical value of the attenuation multiple of current sensor and booster tension, by software algorithm, calculate actual current effective value, send signal to each shunt release action of microprocessor driven, cut off rapidly communication power supply, thereby reach the object that prevents that electric shock accidents from occurring, when in experiment operation, can by push switch AN, receive resistance 5R1 by external ten 5V voltages, so that whether check release works.
The design has taken into account the real-time of sampling and the computing capability of microprocessor on software, be applicable to adopt in the weak microprocessor system of the sample mode of Interruption sampling and computing capability, program adopts C language compilation, only need to change part macrodefinition and can be transplanted in different microprocessor systems, in Interruption sampling routine, system samples, calculates and process electric leakage signal.
Wireless remote control emitter comprises that keyboard, display screen, wireless radio frequency modules, single-chip microcomputer and rechargeable battery form, the nRF401 radio transmitting and receiving chip that wireless radio frequency modules adopts Norway Nordic company to release.This chip makes 433MHz ISM band, it is real monolithic UHF wireless receiving and dispatching one chip, it has comprised at the chip of 20 pin that high-frequency emission, high frequency receive, PLL is synthetic, FSK modulation, FSK demodulation, multichannel switching etc., is the wireless data sending product that current integrated level is the highest.Wireless radio frequency modules adopts at plate difference loop aerial, and the load impedance of antenna port is 380 Ω.In Fig. 9, single-chip microcomputer adopts W77E58, its speed is fast, operating frequency can expand to 40MHz, use and 8051/52 same crystal oscillator running time are than 8052 fast 2.5 times, it carries two UART serial ports, serial ports 1 is for communicating by letter with radio receiving transmitting module, and serial ports 0 can be used for and outside serial equipment communicating.
In Fig. 9, wireless radio frequency modules ANT1, ANT2 pin are that antenna opening exports printed antenna to, the resonant capacitance that CTa, CTb are antenna loop, and RT is for suitably reducing the Q value of antenna loop.Single-chip microcomputer W77E58 in order to control nRF40l reiving/transmitting state, complete the work such as encoding and decoding.When having button to press, W77E58 receives the low level signal of input, now from 4 pin of W77E58, sends high level to 19 pin of nRF40l, makes nRF40l enter emission state; It while pressing without key, is accepting state.Now 4 pin of W77E58 are sent low level, make nRF40l enter accepting state, in nRF40l and W77E58 interface microcontroller.The mode of operation of nRF401 circuit is controlled by 19 pin TXEN, and 19 pin send data while being high level, receive data during for low level.During transmission, signal flows to the binary serial data of 9 pin DIN ports of nRF401 from W77E58 single-chip microcomputer 2 pin serial ports TXD (P1.3) and by antenna transmission, goes out modulated; During reception, signal is from antenna reception is converted to binary string line number, and the 10 pin DOUT by nRF401 flow to W77E58 single-chip microcomputer 3 pin serial ports RXD (P1.2).NRF401 chip 12 pin CS=0 work in 433.92 MHz frequency ranges, and CS=1 working frequency range is 434.33 MHz; 18 pin PWR_UP low power consumption control, during for high level, in running order; During for low level, in holding state.
Wireless launcher has button AN1/AN2/AN3/AN4, represents respectively opening and closing the first magnetic latching relay, the second magnetic latching relay, the 3rd magnetic latching relay and the 4th magnetic latching relay, controls the power supply in each room.
Figure 10 shows that remote-receiver circuit theory diagrams, remote-receiver circuit is comprised of wireless communication module, single-chip data acquisition decoder module, actuator, power supply.Wireless transceiver in wireless communication module (A1) adopts nRF401, and single-chip microcomputer in single-chip data acquisition decoder module (A2) adopts W78E365, the CS(12 pin of nRF401) connect 6 pin of W78E365; The Dout data outputs (10 pin) of nRF401 connect the 10 pin serial ports RXD of W78E365; The Din(9 pin of nRF401): data input connects W78E365 serial ports TXD(2 pin); PWR-UP(18 pin) Energy Saving Control connects W78E365(5 pin); The TXEN(19 pin of nRF401): transmitting receives to be controlled, and during TXEN=1, nRF401 is emission state.During TXEN=0, nRF401 is accepting state, and it connects 11 pin of W78E365.Operation principle is substantially the same with Fig. 9 remote control transmitter (remote controller) circuit, needs to illustrate different place here.
38 pin of single-chip microcomputer W78E365 are connected with transistor Q1 base stage by resistance R 4, and Q1 collector electrode is connected to relay J S, and a pair of normally opened contact one end of relay J S is connected with lithium battery, and the other end is connected with shaping circuit; When remote controller has passed through button gating after this receiving system, such as pushing button, the 38 pin output high level of single-chip microcomputer (A2) W78E365 after " AN1 " make transistor Q1 conducting, it is closed that relay J is moved its normally opened contact JS-1, lithium battery is added to the signal of shaping circuit after shaping by JS-1 and is sent to drive circuit of magnetic latching relay, by magnetic, keep drive circuit output drive signal to open AC power passage to the first magnetic latching relay, the first room AC power starts power supply.
The Software for Design of wireless data communication system
owing to adopting one-to-many master slave mode, adopt a remote control transmitter to control a plurality of remote-receivers,according to the multi-computer communication ability of serial port of single chip computer, multi-computer communication can be undertaken by following agreement:
1, first make all remote controls accept extension sets SM2=1, in receiving only address frame listening state;
2, remote control transmitter first sends an address frame information, and makes the 9th TB8=1, and what represent transmission is address;
3, remote control is accepted extension sets and is received after address frame, separately receiver address is compared with the machine address, and the identical SM2=0 that makes, the data of sending subsequently to receive remote control transmitter; Difference SM2 is still 1 constant, and the data that remote control transmitter is sent are subsequently ignored;
4, remote control is accepted extension sets to remote control transmitter loopback the machine address, after remote control transmitter receives, compares with former transmission address, and the identical TB8=0 that puts, formally sends data message, otherwise contact again.Due to remote control transmitter TB8=0, extension sets is accepted in the remote control of choosing must SM2=O, and RB8=0 receives after Frame, and putting RI=1(RI is serial port receive interruption request flag position: after receiving a frame serial data, by hardware, put 1; After turning to interrupt service routine, with software clear 0.), data are sent into SBUF (buffer register in serial port), and extension sets is accepted in not selected remote control, due to SM2=1, RB8=0, not set of RI, information dropout.The data that remote control transmitter sends to remote control to accept extension sets by wireless receiving and dispatching controller are divided two kinds: address frame and command frame: extension set is uploaded only has Frame, open, off-position respectively accounts for 1,7 of data bit.Wherein the 9th is the TB8 in SCON, sends address bit (TB8=1) and the data bit (sign of (TB8=0) when it is multi-computer communication.Address frame DO-D7 is address bit entirely, is numbered OOH-FFH, in network, can have at most 256 extension sets.Command frame D4-D7, for order classification numbering, can arrange at most 16 different instructions; DO-D3, for carrying out channel number, can have at most 15 to carry out passage, is numbered O1H-FFH, numbers in addition OOH and represents all passages to carry out same commands.Invalid for rear two order DO-D3.
The data transmission of two serial ports all adopts inquiry mode, data receiver all to use TI interrupt mode, and (TI is that serial port sends interrupt requests flag bit: after sending a frame serial data, by hardware, put 1; After turning to interrupt service routine, with software clear 0.)；
After single-chip microcomputer powers on, first system and serial ports are carried out to initialization, then single-chip microcomputer enters standby mode, until mode of operation, handling interrupt program occur to interrupt firmly transferring in two serial ports.
Every remote control is accepted extension sets and is all assigned a unique address.When remote control transmitter and remote control are accepted extension sets and are communicated by letter, remote control transmitter is first called out certain remote control and is accepted extension sets address, waking called remote control up accepts after extension sets, remote control transmitter, between two machines, carry out exchanges data, not called remote control is accepted extension sets and is kept wait state.The information that remote control transmitter sends can pass to a plurality of remote controls and accept the remote control of extension sets or appointment and accept extension sets, and each remote control is accepted the information that extension sets sends and can only be received by remote control transmitter.In order to complete above-mentioned functions, need be achieved by the serial ports control register SCON of single-chip microcomputer is set, element address is 98H, and bit address is 98H～9FH.
Software adopts the establishment of C language, the compositions such as remote control serial ports break in service main program, remote control external interrupt subprogram.
Figure 11 is Doppler's human body heat-releasing infrared control block diagram, HB100 doppler modular is to utilize Doppler's cosmos to reach the microwave detector for moving object of (Doppler Radar) principle design, according to the microwave detector of doppler principle design, by FE fourth medium DRO microwave, shake source (10.525GHz), the electric circuit constitutes such as power divider, transmitting antenna, reception antenna, frequency mixer, wave detector.The outside directional transmissions microwave of transmitting antenna, is reflected while running into object, and reflected wave is received antenna reception, then arrives blender and mixes with the wave of oscillation, and the low frequency signal after mixing, detection has reacted the speed that object moves.When HB100 doppler modular detects human motion, after the processing of inside modules outputs to, after the power amplification of one-level, send into magnetic latching relay drive IC, control the action of magnetic latching relay.
Figure 12 is wireless remote control emitter schematic diagram, there are four buttons to control respectively four rooms above, while pushing button, remote controller transmitting LED is glittering, state LED display lamp after successful launch in respective keys is bright, tell operator room AC power to open, push button and close AC power, the state LED display lamp in respective keys extinguishes.
Figure 13 is AC sampling and ic for energy metering figure, in circuit, IC13 chip CS5460 is the electric energy computation chip of CRYSTAL company, it is a kind of single phase bidirectional power electric energy integrated circuit (IC) chip with serial line interface, very easily be connected with microprocessor, this chip adopts CMOS manufacturing process, and low in energy consumption, integrated level is high, form the required peripheral components of electric energy meter few, the linearity of measuring energy data in the dynamic range of 300:1 is in 0.1%; Meanwhile, Embedded is comprised of the calculating of electric energy, real available value of voltage, electric current real effective and electrical energy pulse translation function and interface circuit.The operation principle of this circuit is: sample circuit is transformed into the acceptable small voltage signal of CS5460 inputted voltage and current signal, CS5460 calculates electric energy according to the defeated people's of sample circuit electric current and voltage, then voltage, electric current and power are sent to microprocessor IC2 by three line bi-directional serial interfaces, microprocessor IC2 is according to the instruction display measurement result of sending into, have simultaneously and measure accumulative total electricity consumption electric energy, the instantaneous power of socket load, the function of accumulative total electricity consumption time, during power failure, data can be preserved automatically.
In Figure 13 circuit, voltage sampling circuit is comprised of voltage sensor CT2 and precision resistance network and debounce electric capacity, and the component of voltage of collection is sent into differential voltage positive input terminal VIN+ and the differential voltage negative input end VIN-of CS5460; Current sampling circuit Current Transmit 1, precision resistance network and debounce electric capacity form, and the current component of collection is sent into difference current positive input terminal IIN+ and the difference current negative input end IIN-of CS5460, and the pin function of CS5460 and microprocessor communication is as follows:
5p SCLK: serial clock input; 6p SDO: serial clock output; 7p CS: sheet choosing;
20p/INT: interrupt output; 23p SDI: serial data input;
The pin RESET/CS/SDI/SDO/SCLK/EDIR of CS5469 connects microprocessor P1.0-P1.5 mouth and receives the signal from microprocessor, and INT is connected the interrupt signal receiving from CS5460 with the RST pin of microprocessor.17 pin PFMON meet 7R10 and 7R11 connects with ground again, monitor that whether analog power input is lower than threshold values.In order to realize the function of electric energy meter, software can be divided into: feature operation module and system parameters self-correcting module, the major function of systemic-function operational module is: for friendly interactive interface is provided between system and operating personnel, system is effectively managed, so this functional module core that is this electric energy meter.The energy data that the ic for energy metering that the present invention adopts detects just, in order to offer user convenient general understand bearing power and power consumption overview, not can be used as the ammeter of installing with power office and compares.
Zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet software of the present invention adopts C language compilation, and software function module is more, and program is not just elaborated at this more greatly.
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to and well known to a person skilled in the art prior art; although oneself is illustrated the present invention and is described by relevant case study on implementation; but; those skilled in the art should be understood; in the scope of claims; can do the various variation in form and details, so protection scope of the present invention is when being as the criterion with claims.
Claims (4)
1. a zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet, it is characterized in that: AC power is sent into total air switch 2 after being first input to lightning protection unit 1, residual current protective unit 4 is sent in total air switch 2 outputs, and the first air switch 14, the second air switch 16, the 3rd air switch 18, the 4th air switch 20 and the first magnetic latching relay 31, the second magnetic latching relay 32, the 3rd magnetic latching relay 33, the 4th magnetic latching relay 34 are inputted respectively in the output of residual current protective unit 4; The first air switch 14 and the first magnetic latching relay 31 are sent AC power into a room electric appliance alternating branch road 25 by electrical power sensor 21; The second air switch 16 and the second magnetic latching relay 32 are sent AC power into b room electric appliance alternating branch road 26 by electrical power sensor 22; The 3rd air switch 18 and the 3rd magnetic latching relay 33 are sent AC power into c room electric appliance alternating branch road 27 by electrical power sensor 23; The 4th air switch 20 and the 4th magnetic latching relay 34 are sent AC power into d room electric appliance alternating branch road 28 by electrical power sensor 24; Charge switch 5 is sent in the output of total air switch 2, and the output of charge switch 5 is sent into AC/DC converter unit 6 and after conversion, outputed to 7 pairs of lithium batteries 8 of charge power supply and charge; Microprocessor 12 detects the electric energy of lithium battery 8 by transducer 9, the charge tunnel to lithium battery 8 is opened or closed to output control signal to charge switch 5; Microprocessor 12 is detected by a room 25 electric appliance alternating electric energy, by transducer 22, is detected by b room 26 electric appliance alternating electric energy, by transducer 23, detected by c room 27 electric appliance alternating electric energy, by transducer 24, detected by d room 28 electric appliance alternating electric energy by transducer 21; Microprocessor 12 communicates with electric energy metrical unit 3, and electric energy metrical unit 3 is by electrical power sensor 35 data acquisition bus road electrical energy parameters; Microprocessor 12 communicates with residual current protective unit 4, with its input instruction of keyboard 11 communications reception, is connected its demonstration data and mode of controlling with display screen; Wireless receiver 29 is connected with doppler receiver 30 output-parallels, wireless receiver 36 is connected with doppler receiver 37 output-parallels, wireless receiver 38 is connected with doppler receiver 39 output-parallels, wireless receiver 40 is connected with doppler receiver 41 output-parallels, receive wireless remote control transmitted signal and human infrared signal, both output signals are sent into the first magnetic latching relay 31, the second magnetic latching relay 32, the 3rd magnetic latching relay 33, the 4th magnetic latching relay 34; Microprocessor 12 output control signals control respectively the first shunt release 13 for the break-make, the second shunt release 15 of controlling the first air switch 14 for the break-make, the 3rd shunt release 17 of controlling the second air switch 16 for the break-make, the 4th shunt release 19 of controlling the 3rd air switch 18 for controlling the break-make of the 4th air switch 20; Lithium cells 8 is respectively to respectively needing the working cell of direct current supply that working dc power is provided.
2. a kind of zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the AC power of total air switch 2, send into residual current protective unit 4, electric equipment when each room leaked electricity after (leakage current surpasses set point), microprocessor will send action command to the first shunt opening device 13, the second shunt opening device 15, the 3rd shunt opening device 17, the 4th shunt opening device 19, be used for turn-offing the first air switch 14, the second air switch 16, the 3rd air switch 18, the 4th air switch 20, the communication channel in each room is all disconnected, protection equipment and personnel's safety.
3. a kind of zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first shunt release 13, the second shunt release 15, the 3rd shunt release 17, the 4th shunt release 19 are controlled by microprocessor 12, when microprocessor 12 has trip signal output, corresponding air switch is turn-offed in corresponding shunt release action, to cut off the AC power of leading to each room.
4. a kind of zero-power green power supply overall power distribution control cabinet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopted wireless remote control and Doppler's human body infrared induction reception technique, the output-parallel of wireless receiver unit 29 and doppler receiver unit 30 is connected to become the relation of logical “and”, wireless receiver 36 and doppler receiver 37 output-parallels are connected to become the relation of logical “and”, wireless receiver 38 and doppler receiver 39 output-parallels are connected to become the relation of logical “and”, wireless receiver 40 and doppler receiver 41 output-parallels are connected to become the relation of logical “and”, receive respectively that wireless remote control transmits and human infrared signal, both output signals are sent into the first magnetic latching relay 31, the second magnetic latching relay 32, the 3rd magnetic latching relay 33, the 4th magnetic latching relay 34, because wireless receiver and doppler receiver output-parallel are connected to become the relation of logical “and”, when the two one of them, there is signal output, can control the action of magnetic latching relay.
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| CN104393596A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-04 | 重庆长航东风船舶工业公司 | Power distribution equipment for guest rooms of tourist ship |
| CN104503335A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-08 | 重庆广建装饰股份有限公司 | WIFI (wireless fidelity) electricity control box |
| CN104779534A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 刘剑林 | Intelligent numerical control distribution box |
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| CN107147216A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-08 | 莫本 | One kind control electricity is precious |
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| CN104810728B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2017-08-15 | 新余宇浩科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent touch distribution box |
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| CN105259824A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 成都贝发信息技术有限公司 | Workshop electricity monitoring system with electric leakage monitoring function |
| CN108110999A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-06-01 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Power distribution equipment and its operating method |
| CN108110999B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2020-10-16 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Power distribution device and operation method thereof |
| CN107147216A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-08 | 莫本 | One kind control electricity is precious |
| CN107276232A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-20 | 华北理工大学 | A kind of control method of the intelligent electrical apparatus release based on RFID technique |
| CN108565975A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-21 | 广东新会古典家具城有限公司 | A kind of intelligence power-off system |
| CN110445034A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 广东东捷实业有限公司 | A kind of power information acquisition system and intelligent distribution box |
| CN110488723A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏新智合电力技术有限公司 | A kind of energy service system |
| US20230081392A1 (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-03-16 | State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd. Nanjing Power Supply Company | Intelligent power distribution device |
| CN115065119A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-16 | 陕西光德分布式电站技术有限公司 | No-load active main loop power supply cutting-off system |
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