CN103560498B - Method for selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage system - Google Patents
Method for selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for selecting the nominal voltage of a lightening arrester in an ultrahigh-voltage system. The method includes the steps that a predicted value of the power frequency over-voltage of the system is obtained through simulation; power frequency over-voltage grades of the system, namely, four different grades of power frequency over-voltage thresholds are determined according to the power frequency over-voltage predicted value; the nominal voltage of the lightening arrester is selected according to the power frequency over-voltage thresholds of the grades and lasting time. The nominal voltage of the lightening arrester is selected according to the predicted power frequency over-voltage value closest to the actual power frequency over-voltage of the system and the power frequency over-voltage thresholds, and therefore the problem that the nominal voltage of the lightening arrester is too high will not occur, and the problems that the lightening arrester is low in protective margin and high in system construction cost and leads to economic waste are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of power systems, more particularly, it relates to a kind of ultra-high/extra-high voltage Systematic selection spark gap
The method of rated voltage.
Background technology
When power system normally runs, the insulation of electrical equipment is under the effect of the rated voltage of electrical network, but due to thunder
Hit, switching manipulation, failure or the reason such as parameter coordination is improper, the voltage of some parts may be raised in power system, sometimes
The numerical value under normal condition can be substantially exceeded, this kind of voltage is raised and is referred to as overvoltage.Wherein, power-frequency overvoltage is exactly a kind of frequency
Equal or close to power frequency and voltage higher than system maximum operating voltage overvoltage.
For the insulation safety for ensureing power system, economic and reliability service, it is necessary to take restriction to protect electric power
Impact of the equipment from power-frequency overvoltage.Spark gap is exactly the device that a kind of protection system is impacted from power-frequency overvoltage, and is kept away
Thunder device rated voltage is then an important parameter for showing spark gap operation characteristic.It is main due to the selection of spark gap rated voltage
Size and the persistent period of power-frequency overvoltage are depended on, therefore, power-frequency overvoltage is the main of impact spark gap operation characteristic
Factor.
At present, the different ultra-high/extra-high voltage AC transmission system power-frequency overvoltage design of China, will using same control
Ask, the requirement that controls of the such as power-frequency overvoltage of extra-high voltage system is：The power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker transformer substation side is not more than
1.3p.u. (per unit, perunit value unit)；The power-frequency overvoltage in line side+be not more than 1.4p.u., the persistent period is not more than
0.5s, the spark gap rated voltage selected according to above-mentioned power-frequency overvoltage (1.3p.u.) is 828KV.Generally, as long as full
The cooperation coefficient of foot protection insulation, the rated voltage of spark gap is higherly optional.
But, in practical application, grid structure, transmission distance, circuit types, conveying trend and high anti-compensativity etc. because
Under the influence of element, the power-frequency overvoltage of different ultra-high/extra-high voltage systems has differences.For example, for length is the same spy of 400km
For high pressure multiple-circuit on same tower, when circuit two ends are " factory is to net " structure, the power frequency of line-breaker transformer substation side is excessively electric
Press as 1.19p.u., the power-frequency overvoltage in line side is 1.34p.u；When circuit two ends are " net is to net " structure, line broken circuit
The power-frequency overvoltage of device transformer substation side is 1.05p.u., and the power-frequency overvoltage in line side is 1.22p.u..
It follows that the different system that power-frequency overvoltage is had differences, if still according to same power-frequency overvoltage threshold
Value (1.3p.u.) selects spark gap rated voltage, the spark gap rated voltage of selection can be made too high, in same dielectric level
Under, can not only make the protective margin of spark gap relatively low, can also make the construction costs of system higher, cause waste economically.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of method of selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage, to solve
Because the spark gap rated voltage for selecting is too high in prior art, and the protective margin of the spark gap for causing is relatively low, system engineering
High and economic waste the problem of cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of method of selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage, including：
The power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system is drawn by emulation；
According to the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value, the power-frequency overvoltage grade of the system, the power-frequency overvoltage are determined
Grade is four different grades of power-frequency overvoltage threshold value；
Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period according to the grade, selects spark gap rated voltage.
Preferably, drawn before the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system, also including step by emulation：
According to the conditional parameter of system, the electromagnetic transient simulation model of system is set up.
Preferably, the conditional parameter of the system includes：
Trend, line parameter circuit value and high anti-compensativity before grid structure, power supply capacity, removal of load.
Preferably, the power-frequency overvoltage grade includes：
Line-breaker transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage is not more than 1.2p.u., and the line side power frequency of line-breaker is excessively electric
Pressure is not more than the first estate of 1.3p.u.；
The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.2p.u., the line side power frequency mistake of line-breaker
Voltage is not more than second grade of 1.4p.u.；
The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.3p.u., the line side power frequency mistake of line-breaker
Voltage is not more than the tertiary gradient of 1.4p.u.；
The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.3p.u., the line side power frequency mistake of line-breaker
Voltage is not more than the fourth estate of 1.5p.u..
Preferably, in four grades the power-frequency overvoltage in the line side of line-breaker persistent period no more than
0.5s。
Preferably, the power-frequency overvoltage threshold value according to the grade and persistent period, the mistake of spark gap rated voltage is selected
Journey, specially：
Line-breaker transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period according to the grade, selects transformer station female
Line style spark gap rated voltage；
Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period according to the line-breaker line side of the grade, selects power transformation station track
Road type spark gap rated voltage.
Preferably, selecting the principle of substation bus bar type spark gap rated voltage is：
Power frequency of the rated voltage of substation bus bar type spark gap not less than the line-breaker transformer substation side of the grade
Overvoltage threshold.
Preferably, selecting the principle of substation line type spark gap rated voltage is：
In the presence of the line-breaker line side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value of the grade, tolerance time is not less than 0.5s
The rated voltage of spark gap be the rated voltage of substation line type spark gap selected.
Preferably, after selecting spark gap rated voltage, also including step：
According to the spark gap rated voltage, substation bus bar type and Transmission Line Arrestor are selected.
Preferably, the power frequency tolerance time of the substation bus bar type spark gap is not less than 20min；The substation line
The power frequency tolerance time of type spark gap is not less than 0.5s.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme provided by the present invention has advantages below：
The method of the selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage that the present invention is provided, in advance by power-frequency overvoltage point
Into four different grades of threshold value, then drawn after the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system by emulation, select threshold value with it is pre-
The immediate power-frequency overvoltage grade of measured value, and retain certain nargin, the threshold value and persistent period further according to the grade, choosing
Go out the rated voltage of spark gap, it follows that the spark gap rated voltage selected of method provided by the present invention, be according to
What the immediate power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of the actual power-frequency overvoltage of system and power-frequency overvoltage threshold value were selected, therefore, will not
There is the too high problem of spark gap rated voltage, so as to the protective margin for avoiding spark gap is relatively low, system engineering cost it is high with
And the problem of economic waste.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow process of the method for the selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the flow process of the method for the selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided
Figure.
Specific embodiment
As described in background, spark gap rated voltage system of selection of the prior art, can cause spark gap specified
Overtension, spark gap protective margin is relatively low and higher and economic waste the problem of construction costs of system.Inventor grinds
Study carefully discovery, be mainly the reason for cause this problem, different ultra-high/extra-high voltage AC transmission system, according to same power frequency mistake
Voltage control requires to select spark gap rated voltage, have ignored the difference of the power-frequency overvoltage of different system.
Based on this, the invention provides a kind of method of selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage, in advance by work
Frequency overvoltage divide into four different grades of threshold value, then be drawn after the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system by emulation, select
Go out threshold value and the immediate power-frequency overvoltage grade of predictive value, and retain certain nargin, threshold value further according to the grade and
Persistent period, the rated voltage of spark gap is selected, it follows that the specified electricity of spark gap that the method provided by the present invention is selected
Pressure, is that basis is selected with the immediate power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of the actual power-frequency overvoltage of system and power-frequency overvoltage threshold value
, therefore, be not in the too high problem of spark gap rated voltage, so as to the protective margin for avoiding spark gap is relatively low, system
The problem of construction costs height and economic waste.
It is more than the core concept of the present invention, to enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent from easily
Understand, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Many details are elaborated in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can be with
It is different from alternate manner described here to implement using other, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention
In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by following public specific embodiment.
Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagram, when the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, for purposes of illustration only, table
Show that the profile of device architecture can disobey general ratio and make partial enlargement, and the schematic diagram is example, and its here should not
Limit the scope of protection of the invention.Additionally, the three-dimensional space of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
Describe in detail below by several embodiments.
Embodiment one
Present embodiments provide a kind of method of selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage, flow chart such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, including：
S101：The power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system is drawn by emulation；
Because ultra-high/extra-high voltage AC transmission system mainly considers the removal of load of circuit fault-free and has earth fault feelings in circuit
Power-frequency overvoltage during this two classes failure of the removal of load under condition, therefore, the present embodiment is by emulation to circuit fault-free removal of load
The power-frequency overvoltage caused with single-phase earthing removal of load is predicted, and draws the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system.In emulation,
Need to consider that circuit conveying trend size, line length deviation and height are anti-before grid structure change, power supply capacity change, removal of load
Impact of the factors such as compensativity deviation to power-frequency overvoltage, obtains pre- with actual immediate power-frequency overvoltage under partially serious operating mode
Measured value.
S102：According to the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value, the power-frequency overvoltage grade of the system, the power frequency mistake are determined
Electric pressure is four different grades of power-frequency overvoltage threshold value；
In the present embodiment, can be had differences according to system condition difference power-frequency overvoltage, power-frequency overvoltage be divide into into threshold
Four different grades of value, specifically, this four power-frequency overvoltage grades are：Line-breaker transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage is not
More than 1.2p.u., the line side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than the first estate of 1.3p.u.；Line-breaker
Transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage is not more than 1.2p.u., and the line side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than the of 1.4p.u.
Two grades；The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.3p.u., and the line side power frequency of line-breaker is excessively electric
Pressure is not more than the tertiary gradient of 1.4p.u..The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.3p.u., and circuit breaks
The line side power-frequency overvoltage of road device is not more than the fourth estate of 1.5p.u..Wherein, the line of the line-breaker of this four grades
The persistent period of the power-frequency overvoltage of trackside is no more than 0.5s.
On this basis, the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value for emulation being drawn, the power-frequency overvoltage threshold value with this four grades
It is compared, retains certain nargin, selects threshold value and the immediate grade of predictive value, you can determine the power-frequency overvoltage of system
Grade.
S103：Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period according to the grade, selects spark gap rated voltage.
After determining the power-frequency overvoltage grade of system, you can obtain the corresponding line-breaker transformer substation side of this grade and
Line side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period, and according to the line-breaker transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage threshold of the grade
Value and persistent period, select substation bus bar type spark gap rated voltage；According to the line-breaker line side of the grade
Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period, select substation line type spark gap rated voltage.Wherein, substation bus bar type is selected
The principle of spark gap rated voltage is：Substation bus bar type spark gap rated voltage is not less than the line-breaker transformer substation side
Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value, power frequency tolerance time be not less than 20min；Select the principle of substation line type spark gap rated voltage
It is：In the presence of the line-breaker line side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value of the grade, tolerance time keeping away not less than 0.5s
The rated voltage of thunder device is the rated voltage of the substation line type spark gap selected.
The method of the selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage that the present embodiment is provided, in advance by power-frequency overvoltage
Divide into four different grades of threshold value, then by emulation draw after the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system, select threshold value with
The immediate power-frequency overvoltage grade of predictive value, and retain certain nargin, the threshold value and persistent period further according to the grade,
The rated voltage of spark gap is selected, it follows that the spark gap rated voltage that the method provided by the present embodiment is selected, is root
According to selecting with the immediate power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of the actual power-frequency overvoltage of system and power-frequency overvoltage threshold value, therefore,
Be not in the too high problem of spark gap rated voltage, so as to the protective margin for avoiding spark gap is relatively low, system engineering cost
The problem of high and economic waste.
Embodiment two
Present embodiments provide a kind of method of selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage, flow chart such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.
S201：According to the conditional parameter of system, the electromagnetic transient simulation model of system is set up；
Because ultra-high/extra-high voltage AC transmission system mainly considers the removal of load of circuit fault-free and has earth fault feelings in circuit
Power-frequency overvoltage during this two classes failure of the removal of load under condition, therefore, the present embodiment is tied according to the rack of ultra-high/extra-high voltage system
The conditional parameter such as trend, line parameter circuit value and high anti-compensativity, sets up electromagnetic transient simulation model before structure, power supply capacity, removal of load.
S202：The power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system is drawn by emulation；
By electromagnetic transient simulation model, the power frequency caused to the removal of load of circuit fault-free and single-phase earthing removal of load is excessively electric
Pressure is emulated, and draws the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system.Because electromagnetic transient simulation model is held according to the power supply of system
The conditional parameter such as trend, line parameter circuit value and high anti-compensativity is set up before amount, removal of load, therefore, by emulating the power frequency for drawing
Overvoltage predictive value, be under partially serious operating mode with actual immediate power-frequency overvoltage predictive value.
S203：According to the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value, the power-frequency overvoltage grade of the system, the power frequency mistake are determined
Electric pressure is four different grades of power-frequency overvoltage threshold value；
In the present embodiment, can be had differences based on system condition difference power-frequency overvoltage, power-frequency overvoltage be divide into into threshold
Four different grades of value, specifically, this four power-frequency overvoltage grades are：Line-breaker transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage is not
More than 1.2p.u., the line side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than the first estate of 1.3p.u.；Line-breaker
Transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage is not more than 1.2p.u., and the line side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than the of 1.4p.u.
Two grades；The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.3p.u., and the line side power frequency of line-breaker is excessively electric
Pressure is not more than the tertiary gradient of 1.4p.u..The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.3p.u., and circuit breaks
The line side power-frequency overvoltage of road device is not more than the fourth estate of 1.5p.u..Wherein, the line of the line-breaker of this four grades
The persistent period of the power-frequency overvoltage of trackside is no more than 0.5s.
On this basis, the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value for emulation being drawn, the power-frequency overvoltage threshold value with this four grades
It is compared, retains certain nargin, selects threshold value and the immediate grade of predictive value, you can determine that this grade is exactly system
Power-frequency overvoltage grade.
S204：Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period according to the grade, selects spark gap rated voltage.
After determining the power-frequency overvoltage grade of system, you can obtain the corresponding line-breaker transformer substation side of this grade and
Line side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period, and according to the line-breaker transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage threshold of the grade
Value and persistent period, select substation bus bar type spark gap rated voltage；According to the line-breaker line side of the grade
Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period, select substation line type spark gap rated voltage.Wherein, substation bus bar type is selected
The principle of spark gap rated voltage is：Substation bus bar type spark gap rated voltage is not less than the line-breaker transformer substation side
Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value, power frequency tolerance time be not less than 20min；Select the principle of substation line type spark gap rated voltage
It is：In the presence of the line-breaker line side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value of the grade, tolerance time keeping away not less than 0.5s
The rated voltage of thunder device is the rated voltage of the substation line type spark gap selected.
By taking extra-high voltage system as an example, when the power-frequency overvoltage grade of system is the first estate, line-breaker transformer station
Side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value is 1.2p.u. (1p.u.=635KV), and now, the spark gap rated voltage selected can be 762KV.
Certainly, in other embodiments, after selecting spark gap rated voltage, step can also be included：According to described lightning-arrest
Device rated voltage, selects the spark gap in line-breaker transformer substation side and line side.Wherein, the transformer substation side of line-breaker is kept away
The power frequency tolerance time of thunder device is not less than 20min, and the power frequency tolerance time of the line side spark gap of line-breaker is not less than
0.5s。
The method of the selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage that the present embodiment is provided, in advance by power-frequency overvoltage
Four different grades of threshold value are divide into, electromagnetic transient simulation model is set up according to the conditional parameter of system, drawn by emulation
The power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system, then selected with the immediate power-frequency overvoltage of threshold value according to power-frequency overvoltage predictive value etc.
Level, and retain certain nargin, the power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period further according to the grade selects the specified of spark gap
Voltage, it follows that the spark gap rated voltage that the method provided by the present embodiment is selected, is basis and the actual power frequency of system
What the immediate power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of overvoltage and power-frequency overvoltage threshold value were selected, therefore, be not in spark gap volume
Determine the problem of overtension, so as to the protective margin for avoiding spark gap is relatively low, system engineering cost it is high and economic waste
Problem.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention
The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The most wide scope for causing.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of selecting nominal voltage of lightening arrester in ultrahigh-voltage, it is characterised in that include：
The power-frequency overvoltage predictive value of system is drawn by emulation；
According to the power-frequency overvoltage predictive value, the power-frequency overvoltage grade of the system, the power-frequency overvoltage grade are determined
For four different grades of power-frequency overvoltage threshold value；
Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period according to the grade, selects spark gap rated voltage；
Wherein, the power-frequency overvoltage grade includes：
Line-breaker transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage is not more than 1.2p.u., and the line side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not
The first estate more than 1.3p.u.；
The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.2p.u., the line side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker
Second grade of no more than 1.4p.u.；
The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.3p.u., the line side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker
The no more than tertiary gradient of 1.4p.u.；
The transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker is not more than 1.3p.u., the line side power-frequency overvoltage of line-breaker
The no more than fourth estate of 1.5p.u..
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by emulation draw system power-frequency overvoltage predictive value it
Before, also including step：
According to the conditional parameter of system, the electromagnetic transient simulation model of system is set up.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the conditional parameter of the system includes：
Trend, line parameter circuit value and high anti-compensativity before grid structure, power supply capacity, removal of load.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the work in the line side of line-breaker in four grades
The persistent period of frequency overvoltage is no more than 0.5s.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that according to the power-frequency overvoltage threshold value of the grade and it is lasting when
Between, the process of spark gap rated voltage is selected, specially：
Line-breaker transformer substation side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period according to the grade, selects substation bus bar type
Spark gap rated voltage；
Power-frequency overvoltage threshold value and persistent period according to the line-breaker line side of the grade, selects substation line type
Spark gap rated voltage.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that select the principle of substation bus bar type spark gap rated voltage
It is：
Power-frequency overvoltage of the substation bus bar type spark gap rated voltage not less than the line-breaker transformer substation side of the grade
Threshold value.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that select the principle of substation line type spark gap rated voltage
It is：
In the presence of the line-breaker line side power-frequency overvoltage threshold value of the grade, tolerance time keeping away not less than 0.5s
The rated voltage of thunder device is the rated voltage of the substation line type spark gap selected.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that after selecting spark gap rated voltage, also including step：
According to the spark gap rated voltage, substation bus bar type and Transmission Line Arrestor are selected.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the power frequency tolerance time of the substation bus bar type spark gap
Not less than 20min；The power frequency tolerance time of the substation line type spark gap is not less than 0.5s.
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| CN106887831B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2019-05-21 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Ultra-high voltage AC transmission system switching overvoltage flexibility method for limiting |
| CN112803586B (en) * | 2020-12-27 | 2023-05-09 | 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） | Automatic setting method and device for rated parameters of circuit breaker and circuit breaker |
| CN113884748B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-07-25 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Alternating current transmission line overvoltage measuring method and device based on controllable phase shifter |
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