CN103558567A - Method and device for detecting intensity of magnetic field - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting intensity of magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN103558567A CN103558567A CN201310503988.9A CN201310503988A CN103558567A CN 103558567 A CN103558567 A CN 103558567A CN 201310503988 A CN201310503988 A CN 201310503988A CN 103558567 A CN103558567 A CN 103558567A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for detecting intensity of a magnetic field. The device for detecting the intensity of the magnetic field comprises a Hall sensing circuit, an amplifier, a displacement sensor and an LED dot matrix. The Hall sensing circuit comprises a Hall device and a direct current power supply. The Hall device is utilized to measure the magnetic field, when being electrified by a constant current, the Hall device can sense a Hall voltage in the magnetic field, and the magnitude of the Hall voltage is in direct proportion to the intensity of the magnetic field where the Hall device is located. The Hall voltage is amplified to drive the LED dot matrix to display the measured result, and due to different drive voltages and different LED light emitting effects, the different light emitting effects of the visual LED dot matrix can be utilized to indicate the intensity of the current magnetic field. In addition, a display screen can be utilized to directly output the measured intensity of the magnetic field, and therefore the distribution rule of the magnetic field can be displayed in real time, and the intensity of the magnetic field of a certain point of measured space can be accurately displayed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic field intensity detection field, be specifically related to a kind of method and apparatus that utilizes hall sensing circuit to detect magnetic field intensity.
Background technology
Helmholtz coils is with two radiuses and the identical coil of the number of turn, by its arranged in co-axial alignment and make spacing equal radius, and the coil that serial connection forms.With it, can produce atomic weak magnetic field until the magnetic field of hundreds of Gs, can be used for magnetic field of the earth canceling compensation, detect permanent magnet characteristic etc.When two coils are passed to same direction current, magnetic field superposition strengthens, and forms approximate uniform magnetic field at certain area; While passing to inverse current, stack makes field weakening, so that there is Wei Ling region, magnetic field.
But, when using Helmholtz coils, often to first determine the distribution in the magnetic field that Helmholtz coils produces.The magnetic field that Helmholtz coils produces has certain homogeneity within the specific limits, and the magnetic field producing has certain adjustability, can not produce environmental magnetic field in cold situation simultaneously.The classic method of measuring Helmholtz coils magnetic field is to be generally equipped with detecting coil the magnetic induction density that pointer A.C. voltmeter is measured its magnetic field that produces.This method accuracy is not high can not Precise Representation magnetic field intensity, and can not show in real time the rule of Helmholtz coils Distribution of Magnetic Field.
Summary of the invention
The defect existing for the method and apparatus of measuring magnetic field in the past, that is, the accuracy of measuring for magnetic field intensity is not strong, and display packing is not directly perceived, the invention provides a kind of follow-on magnetic field intensity detection method and device.Magnetic field intensity detection method of the present invention and device are mainly used to measure the magnetic field that Helmholtz coils produces.
Adopt in the present invention hall sensing circuit, at hall sensing circuit, comprise hall device.The present invention adopts hall device to measure the magnetic field that Helmholtz coils produces.When passing to steady current to hall device, it can induce Hall voltage in magnetic field, and the height of Hall voltage is directly proportional to the magnetic field intensity at place, hall device place, thereby can measure magnetic field with hall device.
In measuring process, utilize processor (for example, single-chip microcomputer) or filtering and amplifying circuit to process the data that gathered by hall sensing circuit, that is, and voltage signal.Then, utilize resulting voltage signal to drive corresponding LED.Because driving voltage is different, LED illumination effect is different, can indicate the strong and weak size of current magnetic field with the different illumination effects of LED dot matrix intuitively.So both the regularity of distribution in a plurality of Helmholtz coilss magnetic field can be shown in real time, the size of some magnetic induction density in surveyed space can be accurately shown again.
Particularly, the invention provides a kind of magnetic field intensity pick-up unit, it is characterized in that, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit comprises hall sensing circuit, amplifier, displacement transducer, LED dot matrix, and described hall sensing circuit comprises hall device and direct supply,
Described direct supply applies constant voltage at first input end and second input end of described hall device, makes to flow through steady current between the first input end of described hall device and the second input end;
Described hall device is placed in treats measuring magnetic field, and under the described effect for the treatment of measuring magnetic field, produce to described in treat the voltage signal that the magnetic field intensity of measuring magnetic field in described hall device position is directly proportional;
Described amplifier receives the voltage signal of described hall device generation and described voltage signal is amplified;
Described displacement transducer detect the position of described hall device in described magnetic field and according to the residing position of described hall device by exporting to the corresponding LED in described LED dot matrix through the described voltage signal amplifying, in order to drive this correspondence LED luminous.
Preferably, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit also comprises signal buffer storage, and described signal buffer storage is stored in the described voltage signal through amplifying that each position records.
Preferably, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit also comprises abnormal correcting circuit, whether the difference that described abnormal correcting circuit detects between the detected voltage signal of the rear detected voltage signal in position and last position surpasses predetermined threshold, if surpass predetermined threshold, described abnormal correcting circuit is to proofreading and correct at a rear detected voltage signal in position.
Preferably, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit also comprises processor, described processor carries out analog to digital conversion by measured voltage signal and is stored in described signal buffer storage, and described processor reads out the measured voltage signal of adjacent position in pairs, then the abnormal signal in every pair of read out signal is proofreaied and correct.
Preferably, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit also comprises commutation circuit, be used for according to the detected described hall device of position transducer present position, the voltage signal through amplifying by described hall device in the output of this place, position outputs to and the corresponding LED in this position, thereby realizes associated between described hall device present position and corresponding LED in LED dot matrix.
Preferably, also comprise another digital display screen, described processor field strength value corresponding to measured voltage signal converts to according to the character of described hall device, and exports to digital display screen, thereby shows the field strength value of surveying.
In another embodiment, the invention provides a kind of magnetic field intensity detection method, described method comprises:
The hall device of above-mentioned magnetic field intensity pick-up unit is placed in and treats measuring magnetic field;
Between the first input end of described hall device and the second input end, apply with constant voltage;
Output terminal receiver voltage signal from described hall device;
Described voltage signal is amplified;
Measure described hall device in described position for the treatment of in measuring magnetic field;
Voltage signal through amplifying is outputed in the array of display of described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit with described hall device at the described display light source for the treatment of that the position in measuring magnetic field is corresponding, in order to drive this display light source luminous.
Display screen in apparatus of the present invention can adopt LED dot matrix, also can adopt other display device.If adopt LED dot matrix, in LED dot matrix, the luminous intensity of different LED will reflect the intensity in magnetic field, diverse location place, and its Changing Pattern is consistent with the Changing Pattern in magnetic field, place, position.If adopt other electronic display units, also can directly demonstrate the strength values in the magnetic field that diverse location place records.This device, in conjunction with Helmholtz coils feature, adopts multi-coil to distribute, and can measure large-scale Distribution of Magnetic Field, thereby in magnetic field of the earth exploration, the fields such as geologic prospecting and magnetic field detection have a wide range of applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of hall sensing circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is for to convert magnetic field intensity to voltage for the circuit of driving LED according to one embodiment of present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of LED dot matrix;
Fig. 4 is according to the schematic diagram of magnetic field intensity pick-up unit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of magnetic field intensity correcting circuit.
Embodiment
Magnetic field intensity pick-up unit employing hall device of the present invention is treated measuring magnetic field and is carried out point-to-point measurement.Magnetic field intensity pick-up unit of the present invention comprises: hall sensing circuit, amplifier, displacement transducer, LED dot matrix.
As shown in Figure 1, hall sensing circuit comprises that (it has output voltage V to direct supply
in) and hall device 2.Two input ends of hall device 2 are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply respectively, or are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of power supply via current-limiting resistance.When hall sensing circuit is placed in magnetic field, as shown in the arrow in Fig. 1, establishes magnetic direction left side from figure and point to right side.When power supply is with constant voltage V
inwhile being applied on two input ends of hall device, in hall device, flow through steady current I
in.According to the character of hall device, hall device both sides will produce certain voltage, and this voltage is called Hall voltage.By the terminals 11 and 12 of hall device both sides, can measure the voltage difference of both sides.By after this voltage amplification, luminous for the corresponding LED of driving LED dot matrix.
More specifically, when hall device of the present invention is placed in certain of magnetic field when a bit, the direct supply in hall sensing circuit provides constant electric current for hall device, and correspondingly from two lead-out terminals of hall device, receives its output voltage.Then, amplifier (A2 in Fig. 2) amplifies this output voltage.
Meanwhile, displacement transducer is determined the position of hall device in magnetic field, and this positional information is exported to amplifying circuit or LED dot matrix or the positional information by extra buffer storage storage hall device to follow-up this positional information and measured voltage signal are associated.
That is to say, by displacement transducer, each position of hall device is corresponding with each position in LED dot matrix.Like this, hall device is placed in certain of magnetic field when a bit, and displacement transducer is determined the position of hall device in magnetic field, thereby, after the voltage amplification that hall device is recorded in this place, export to the corresponding LED in LED dot matrix.Like this, the magnetic field intensity that hall device records in this place will be converted into the brightness of light that corresponding LED sends.That is to say, the hall device magnetic field intensity measured in each position is corresponding with the luminosity of corresponding LED.
As shown in Figure 2, the circuit in figure is for converting magnetic field intensity to voltage and then connecting LED.Particularly, first input end of hall device is connected to the positive pole of direct supply V via resistance R, and second input end of hall device is connected to the negative pole of power supply V; The first output terminal and second output terminal of hall device are connected to respectively resistance R
ltwo ends.Resistance R
lelectric potential difference between two output terminals of the voltage reflection hall device at two ends.
Non-reversion input (positive input terminal) ground connection (receiving on 0V) of amplifier A1, negative input end is connected to the first input end of hall device.When A1 works, the input voltage of positive input terminal is 0V.The output terminal of amplifier A1 is connected to the second output terminal of hall device.
The first output terminal of hall device is also connected to the positive input terminal of amplifier A2, and the negative input end of amplifier A2 is through resistance R 1 ground connection.Power supply V
ccfor amplifier A2 power supply, the output terminal of amplifier A2 is connected to corresponding LED through resistance R 2.The positive voltage of hall device output, after amplifying, is added in the positive pole of LED via resistance R 2, be LED power supply, and the negative pole of LED is through electric capacity c ground connection.
A2 amplifier is a differential amplifier, and the signal of the output terminal output of hall device is amplified.Amplification through A2 differential amplifier, produce a voltage signal through amplifying, with this voltage signal, come driving LED lamp luminous, because the voltage signal producing is that magnetic field intensity is transformed, so the voltage swing that different magnetic field intensitys is converted is different, also different to the driving force of LED.
Circuit shown in Fig. 2 shows that by the brightness of LED magnetic field is strong and weak, directly perceived, convenient, is pioneering circuit.Although only drawn a LED in Fig. 2, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is only that schematically what connect in Fig. 2 can be also LED dot matrix.
In addition, between circuit shown in Fig. 2 and LED dot matrix, can add commutation circuit, be used for according to the detected hall device of position transducer present position, hall device institute output voltage voltage signal is connected to and the corresponding LED in this position, thereby realizes associated between hall device present position and corresponding LED in LED dot matrix.The output terminal of A2 amplifier can also be connected to addressing circuit to will be transported to corresponding LED at the measured voltage signal in a certain position by addressing.
In addition, hall device can also be determined and preserve to magnetic field intensity pick-up unit of the present invention at the magnitude of voltage of each place, position output, and measured data are sent into LED dot matrix screen.Subsequently, LED dot matrix screen carries out luminous according to the size of institute's corresponding voltage value, obtains the strong and weak figure of Distribution of Magnetic Field.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic that the intensity that adopts in one embodiment of the present of invention shows LED dot matrix, and wherein, left side is the front schematic view of LED dot matrix, and right side is the connection diagram of LED in LED dot matrix.As shown in Fig. 2 right side, the coordinate at the place, two diagonal angles by LED determines that whether corresponding LED is luminous.For example, if when wishing that the LED in the upper left corner is luminous, only need between coordinate X7, Y0, apply voltage.
After hall device present position is determined, the output terminal of A2 amplifier in circuit shown in Fig. 2 is connected to the anode of corresponding LED, such as by switch etc.When having the voltage signal of magnetic field intensity conversion, LED obtains driving and just sends light, bright degree depends on that magnetic field changes into the size of voltage, the driving force that voltage is high is strong, LED luminous intensity is large, a little less than the low driving force of voltage, LED is not luminous, magnetic field is that zero place does not have luminous point, when having magnetic field to add Helmholtz coils, circuit shown in circuit shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 links together as magnetic field intensity display device, can be according to the different degree of strength brightness luminous zones that obtain magnetic field of the brightness of LED.
Because the measurement range of twin coil is limited, this device is comprised of multi-thread, is about to adopt many groups coil of placement parallel to each other, and the scope that can measure is more extensive, is equivalent to the combined effect of a plurality of Helmholtz coilss.
In one embodiment, the voltage signal recording amplifies by signal amplifier, signal after amplification is sent in A/D change-over circuit, A/D change-over circuit converts simulating signal to digital signal and sends in MCU, MCU carries out calculation process to the digital quantity importing into, calculate corresponding magnetic field value, display circuit demonstrates corresponding LED luminous zone.
Fig. 4 shows the external structure schematic diagram of the magnetic field intensity pick-up unit in one embodiment of the present of invention.There is shown produce treat measuring magnetic field treat test coil 1, hall device 2, current switch 3, display switch 4, power switch 5.Hall device 2 can relatively move in treating test coil 1, thereby pointwise is treated the magnetic field that test coil 1 produces and measured.In Fig. 4, only drawn this magnetic field intensity pick-up unit exterior contour, physical circuit is partly arranged on inside configuration, does not draw.
Because the magnetic field that the present invention produces mainly for Helmholtz coils is measured, and Helmholtz's field curve is continuous type curve, and curvature is very little, so, in one embodiment, magnetic field intensity pick-up unit can also comprise abnormal correcting circuit, whether the difference that this abnormal correcting circuit detects between the detected voltage signal of the rear detected voltage signal in position and last position surpasses predetermined threshold, if surpass predetermined threshold, described abnormal correcting circuit is to proofreading and correct at a rear detected voltage signal in position.
Particularly, the voltage signal that the present invention can record hall device by buffer storage in diverse location place (or this voltage signal resulting digital signal after analog to digital conversion) is cached.After a while, the processor of magnetic field intensity pick-up unit (or microprocessor, be MCU) or other treatment circuits can in pairs by the signal-obtaining of adjacent position (corresponding to adjacent LED dot matrix) out, then adopt abnormal correcting circuit signal not to be compared to correction to read out.
When the corresponding voltage signal of two adjacent LED differs larger on LED dot matrix screen, can think to exist error, need to proofread and correct.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of a kind of correcting circuit of designing of the present invention.U1 and U2 represent respectively the measured voltage signal in adjacent two positions (or the voltage signal through amplifying).As shown in Figure 5, U1 is input to the negative input end of comparer A1, the positive input terminal of Urh difference input amplifier A1 and the negative input end of amplifier A2, and U2 is input to the positive input terminal of amplifier A2.The output terminal of amplifier A1 connects unilateral diode D1, and the output terminal of amplifier A2 connects unilateral diode D2.The other end of unilateral diode D1 and D2 links together, and through R1, is connected to the negative input end of amplifier A3.U1 is also input to the positive input terminal of amplifier A3, and U2 is also connected to PWM, and PWM is connected to the output terminal of amplifier A3.The output terminal of amplifier A3 is connected to the negative input end of amplifier A3 through another resistance.
If U1 voltage is higher than U2 voltage, the high voltage of usining is cut off as reference voltage D2 when two voltage differences reach certain value, depending on the corresponding magnetic field intensity of U2, be now invalid magnetic field intensity, need to proofread and correct, the large I of correction voltage is carried out PWM duty cycle adjustment and is determined, generally, be adjusted into two voltages and half.
In one embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of and has adopted above-mentioned magnetic field intensity pick-up unit to carry out the method for magnetic field detection, and the method comprises hall device is placed in and treats measuring magnetic field;
To applying with constant voltage between the first input end of described hall device and the second input end;
Output terminal receiver voltage signal from described hall device;
Described voltage signal is amplified;
Measure described hall device in described position for the treatment of in measuring magnetic field;
Voltage signal through amplifying is outputed in the array of display of described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit with described hall device at the described display light source for the treatment of that the position in measuring magnetic field is corresponding, in order to drive this display light source luminous.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can carry out with those described particular forms in addition, that do not depart from spirit of the present invention and intrinsic propesties herein.Therefore, the above-mentioned embodiment of all aspects should be interpreted as illustrative rather than restrictive.Scope of the present invention should be determined by the legal equivalents of appended claims and they, rather than determined by foregoing description, and all implication and changes within equivalency range that falls into appended claims all will be included.
It will be evident to one skilled in the art that, in appended claims, do not have the claim of explicitly quoting mutually to combine, as illustrative embodiments of the present invention, or be included and by modification afterwards, become new claim after submitting the application to.
Mode of the present invention
For carrying out best mode of the present invention, various embodiments have been described.
Industrial applicability
As apparent according to foregoing description institute, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that and can make various modifications and variations to the present invention, and do not depart from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, be intended to the present invention and cover modification and the modification within the scope that falls into appended claims and their equivalent.
Claims (7)
1. a magnetic field intensity pick-up unit, is characterized in that, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit comprises hall sensing circuit, amplifier, displacement transducer, LED dot matrix, and described hall sensing circuit comprises hall device and direct supply,
Described direct supply applies constant voltage at first input end and second input end of described hall device, makes to flow through steady current between the first input end of described hall device and the second input end;
Described hall device is placed in treats measuring magnetic field, and under the described effect for the treatment of measuring magnetic field, produce to described in treat the voltage signal that the magnetic field intensity of measuring magnetic field in described hall device position is directly proportional;
Described amplifier receives the voltage signal of described hall device generation and described voltage signal is amplified;
Described displacement transducer detect the position of described hall device in described magnetic field and according to the residing position of described hall device by exporting to the corresponding LED in described LED dot matrix through the described voltage signal amplifying, in order to drive this correspondence LED luminous.
2. magnetic field intensity pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit also comprises signal buffer storage, and described signal buffer storage is stored in the described voltage signal through amplifying that each position records.
3. magnetic field intensity pick-up unit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit also comprises abnormal correcting circuit, whether the difference that described abnormal correcting circuit detects between the detected voltage signal of the rear detected voltage signal in position and last position surpasses predetermined threshold, if surpass predetermined threshold, described abnormal correcting circuit is to proofreading and correct at a rear detected voltage signal in position.
4. magnetic field intensity pick-up unit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit also comprises processor, described processor carries out analog to digital conversion by measured voltage signal and is stored in described signal buffer storage, and described processor reads out the measured voltage signal of adjacent position in pairs, then the abnormal signal in every pair of read out signal is proofreaied and correct.
5. magnetic field intensity pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit also comprises commutation circuit, be used for according to the detected described hall device of position transducer present position, the voltage signal through amplifying by described hall device in the output of this place, position outputs to and the corresponding LED in this position, thereby realizes associated between described hall device present position and corresponding LED in LED dot matrix.
6. magnetic field intensity pick-up unit as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, also comprise another digital display screen, described processor field strength value corresponding to measured voltage signal converts to according to the character of described hall device, and export to digital display screen, thereby show the field strength value of surveying.
7. a magnetic field intensity detection method, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
The hall device of magnetic field intensity pick-up unit is as described in claim 1 placed in and treats measuring magnetic field;
Between the first input end of described hall device and the second input end, apply with constant voltage;
Output terminal receiver voltage signal from described hall device;
Described voltage signal is amplified;
Measure described hall device in described position for the treatment of in measuring magnetic field;
Voltage signal through amplifying is outputed in the array of display of described magnetic field intensity pick-up unit with described hall device at the described display light source for the treatment of that the position in measuring magnetic field is corresponding, in order to drive this display light source luminous.
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| CN110239591A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-17 | 广州铁路科技开发有限公司 | A kind of track pillow detection device |
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| CN116087838A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-05-09 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Bridge circuit-based strong magnetic field measuring device and measuring method |
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Application publication date: 20140205 |