A kind of safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration technology field and security technology area, especially the defrosting safe practice of the freezing plant of refrigeration system, the security incident because defrosting maloperation causes pipeline superpressure to cause can be prevented.
Background technology
After the freezing plant of refrigeration system runs a period of time, its outer surface can ice up frost, and the existence of frost layer can hinder heat exchange, and the heat transfer property of whole freezing plant is declined.Keep the heat transfer property of freezing plant, just must defrosting in good time.
The Defrost mode of freezing plant common are warm refrigerant defrosting, water defrosting and electric defrosting.Water defrosting operation sequence is loaded down with trivial details, efficiency is low, defrosting is not thorough; Electricity defrosting energy consumption is large, storehouse temperature fluctuation is large; Warm refrigerant defrosting has simple to operate, energy-conservation, that warehouse temperature fluctuation is very little advantage.Therefore, water defrosting and electric defrosting is eliminated just gradually at present.
Warm refrigerant defrosting process is: from oil eliminator warm refrigerant out, entered by the return tube of freezing equipment, frost layer outside the frozen equipment pipe of warm refrigerant cools, is condensed into liquid, the heat of warm refrigerant in the frost layer absorption tube outside freezing equipment pipe and the process of melting, coming off.
The utility model patent of Wang Yanzhi etc.: a kind of hot fluorine defrosting refrigerating system of air cooler [201020606315.8] realizes two and the automatically alternately defrosting of above air-cooler.
The utility model patent of Zhou Dan etc.: a kind of manifold hot freon defrosting refrigeration system [201020606428.8] adopts constant pressure valve to make hot fluorine defrosting ensure at 7Bar ~ 9Bar, and hot fluorine melts dual system and has two defrosting unit at least.
The patent of invention of Xie Jing etc.: a kind of Novel defrosting system for refrigeration house [201110351554.2], adopts the heating of hot ammonia inside, installs two air-coolers of spacer assembly, realizes two air-cooler and replaces defrosting.
Above patent is all describe for the technological process of warm refrigerant defrosting, needs the safety measure taked when not addressing warm refrigerant defrosting, and restricted application system.And freezing plant by during warm refrigerant defrosting because maloperation is easy to occur security incident, as 8.31 accidents in Shanghai, due to the low-temperature refrigerant liquid in freezing plant pipe too much time introduce warm refrigerant steam and causing.Because when warm refrigerant steam enters in freezing plant pipe, the low-temperature refrigerant liquid Yin Wendu in pipe raises and rapid vaporization suddenly, and pressure sharply raises, and freezing plant is easy to " liquid is quick-fried " accident occurs.
The deficiency of the safety problem easily occurred when the present invention is directed to warm refrigerant defrosting and the application of current defrosting technology, has invented a kind of safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to there are the problems referred to above for existing technology, propose a kind of safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, its security is good, and the accident that cause excessive due to liquid refrigerant when effectively can avoid freezing plant defrosting.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, comprise coolant compressor, oil eliminator, condenser, liquid reservoir, vertical low pressure recycle bucket and freezing equipment, described vertical low pressure recycle bucket is connected with freezing equipment, it is characterized in that, the separator outlet of described oil eliminator is divided into two-way, one tunnel successively with condenser, liquid reservoir, vertical low pressure recycle bucket, freezing equipment and coolant compressor form refrigerating circuit, liquid supply electromagnetic valve is provided with between described liquid reservoir and vertical low pressure recycle bucket, another road successively with freezing equipment, vertical low pressure recycle bucket and coolant compressor form defrosting loop, described safety control system comprises and is arranged on pressure controller on freezing equipment and safety valve, described pressure controller is for detecting freezing equipment internal pressure and can controlling according to the break-make of testing result to defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve and liquid supply electromagnetic valve, described safety valve is for discharging the excess refrigerant in freezing equipment.
The technical program is when defrosting, pressure controller is for detecting the pressure in freezing equipment, when pressure is excessive, automatic closedown defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve also opens back-steam magnetic valve, when the pressure in freezing equipment continues to increase above safety value, safety valve is opened, cold-producing medium in freezing equipment is released, thus the pressure in reduction freezing equipment, prevent freezing equipment inner refrigerant excessive, native system intelligence degree is high, and can automatically run, avoid the lack of standardization of manual operation and the accident that causes, effectively improve the security of defrosting process.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, described safety valve is connected with ammoniacal liquor blender, described ammoniacal liquor blender is connected with water source by water solenoid valve.Ammoniacal liquor blender is used for the ammoniacal liquor that released by safety valve and water is mixed into ammonia spirit in the ratio set, be convenient to deposit and subsequent treatment the ammoniacal liquor out of excessive emissions in freezing equipment, ammoniacal liquor can also be avoided directly to discharge environment or accidents caused simultaneously.Hot ammonia gas is adopted to carry out defrosting in the present invention, hot ammonia defrosting is effective fast, meet the demand of energy-saving and emission-reduction, and hot ammonia defrosting not only defrosting energy consumption is little, and it is also little to temperature fluctuations affect in freezer, also can wash away the oil film thermal resistance in freezing equipment simultaneously by hot ammonia defrosting process, make next cooling cycle effect better.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, between described safety valve and ammoniacal liquor blender, be provided with flow sensor, described water solenoid valve is connected with flow controller.The ammoniacal liquor flow that flow sensor flows out for detecting safety valve, the data feedback that detects to flow controller, and by regulating the flow of water solenoid valve to control the concentration of ammonia spirit, makes follow-up ammonia spirit recycle convenient by it.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, be connected by liquid supply electromagnetic valve between the inlet of described liquid reservoir and vertical low pressure recycle bucket, be connected by liquid supply electromagnetic valve between the supply opening of described vertical low pressure recycle bucket and the freezing equipment inlet of freezing equipment, the freezing equipment venthole of described freezing equipment is connected by back-steam magnetic valve with between the back-steam mouth of vertical low pressure recycle bucket, the separator outlet of described oil eliminator is divided into two-way, one tunnel is connected with condenser, be connected by defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve between another road and the freezing equipment venthole of freezing equipment, be connected by draining solenoid valve between the freezing equipment inlet of described freezing equipment and the leakage fluid dram of vertical low pressure recycle bucket.The technical program is when freezing, defrosting closed electromagnetic valve, draining solenoid valve is closed, back-steam magnetic valve is opened, liquid supply electromagnetic valve is opened, when defrosting, liquid supply electromagnetic valve is closed, back-steam closed electromagnetic valve, draining solenoid valve is opened, defrosting magnetic valve is opened, now, liquid supply electromagnetic valve is closed, defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve enters the gauge tap of freezing equipment as warm refrigerant out from oil eliminator, can adjust the size of the supply of warm refrigerant and supply, pressure controller is for detecting the pressure in freezing equipment, when pressure is excessive, automatic closedown defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve also opens back-steam magnetic valve, because the pressure in vertical low pressure recycle bucket is lower, in freezing equipment, hot gas can be back in vertical low pressure recycle bucket under pressure.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, described defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve is connected with time controller one.Defrost time is controlled by time controller one, and after defrost time reaches setting-up time, defrosting closed electromagnetic valve, freezing equipment draining solenoid valve is closed, and liquid supply electromagnetic valve is opened, and back-steam magnetic valve is opened, and system restarts kind of refrigeration cycle.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, described defrosting draining solenoid valve is connected with time controller two.After the time of reach setting-up time when the liquid supply electromagnetic valve shut-in time, the liquefied ammonia namely in freezing equipment evaporates, finding time, time controller two controls draining solenoid valve and opens, and closes back-steam magnetic valve, opens defrosting magnetic valve.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, described vertical low pressure recycle bucket is provided with fluid level controller.Fluid level controller is for detecting the liquid level in vertical low pressure recycle bucket, and when the liquid level detected is higher than setting value, fluid level controller sends instruction, closes defrosting magnetic valve.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, described freezing equipment is provided with for detecting temperature of ice house and the temperature controller that can control the break-make of liquid supply electromagnetic valve.When the temperature that temperature controller detects is higher than the temperature value set, close liquid supply electromagnetic valve, late release back-steam magnetic valve, and postpone to open defrosting magnetic valve and freezing equipment draining solenoid valve.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, described temperature controller is connected with voice message equipment.When the temperature that temperature controller detects is higher than the temperature value set, voice message equipment sends prompt tone, it matches with the time controller one on defrosting magnetic valve, make administrative staff after hearing prompting, the liquid level of the vertical low pressure recycle bucket of free inspection, manual operation can do discharge opeing process if desired, in order to holding more defrosting discharge opeing.
In the above-mentioned safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, between described defrosting draining solenoid valve and the import of freezing equipment, be provided with liquid flow controller.This liquid flow controller, for detecting the draining flow of freezing equipment, when liquid refrigerant flow exceedes setting flow, if defrosting magnetic valve is in opening, then automatically can be closed, if defrosting magnetic valve in off position, then can not be opened.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage: 1, be suitable for various cold-producing medium as ammonia, fluorine Lyons etc.; 2, various freezing plant is applicable to as comb, individual quick freezing device etc.; 3, storehouse is provided with temperature controller, and closes with voice message equipment and contact, and coordinates the time controller one of defrosting magnetic valve, after making administrative staff hear prompting, free inspection vertical low pressure recycle bucket liquid level, does discharge opeing process if desired, in order to holding more defrosting discharge opeing; Automatically can open water valve during discharge of safety valve 4, in freezing equipment defrosting draindown header, be mixed into ammonia spirit in the ratio of setting; 5, during the discharge opeing of freezing plant defrosting, when the liquid level in vertical low pressure recycle bucket super upper in limited time, automatically can stop defrosting, prevent low pressure recycle bucket overfilling; 6, when the ammoniacal liquor in freezing plant pipe is more, defrosting magnetic valve will not be opened or can automatically cut out, and prevent liquid refrigerant in freezing plant defrosting draindown header excessive.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure, 1, coolant compressor; 1a, compressor inlet; 1b, compressor outlet; 2, oil eliminator; 2a, separator import; 2b, separator outlet; 3, condenser; 3a, condensation import; 3b, condensate outlet; 4, liquid reservoir; 4a, the import of storage liquid; 4b, the outlet of storage liquid; 5, vertical low pressure recycle bucket; 5a, inlet; 5b, supply opening; 5c, leakage fluid dram; 5d, back-steam mouth; 5e, circulation barrel export; 6, freezing equipment; 6a, freezing equipment inlet; 6b, freezing equipment venthole; 7, defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve; 8, time controller one; 9, liquid supply electromagnetic valve; 10, time controller two; 11, choke valve; 12, freezing equipment liquid supply electromagnetic valve; 13, freezing equipment draining solenoid valve; 14, back-steam magnetic valve; 15, pressure controller; 16, temperature controller; 17, voice message equipment; 18, safety valve; 19, flow sensor; 20, ammoniacal liquor blender; 21, water solenoid valve; 22, flow controller; 23, fluid level controller; 24, liquid flow controller; 25, water source.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below specific embodiments of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention be not limited to these embodiments.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention is a kind of safety control system for the defrosting of freezer warm refrigerant, this system comprises coolant compressor 1, oil eliminator 2, condenser 3, liquid reservoir 4, vertical low pressure recycle bucket 5 and freezing equipment 6, the import of coolant compressor 1 exports 5e with the circulation barrel of vertical low pressure recycle bucket 5 and is connected, the outlet of coolant compressor 1 is connected with the separator import 2a of oil eliminator 2, the separator outlet 2b of oil eliminator 2 divides two-way, one tunnel is connected with the condensation import 3a of condenser 3, the condensate outlet 3b of condenser 3 is connected with the storage liquid import 4a of liquid reservoir 4, be connected with choke valve 11 by liquid supply electromagnetic valve 9 between the storage liquid outlet 4b and the inlet 5a of vertical low pressure recycle bucket 5 of liquid reservoir 4, be connected by freezing equipment liquid supply electromagnetic valve 12 between the supply opening 5b of vertical low pressure recycle the bucket 5 and import 6a of freezing equipment 6, be connected by back-steam magnetic valve 14 between the outlet 6b of the freezing equipment 6 and back-steam mouth 5d of vertical low pressure recycle bucket 5, be connected by defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve 7 between another road of the separator outlet 2b of oil eliminator 2 and the freezing equipment venthole 6b of freezing equipment 6, defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve 7 is provided with time controller 1, be connected by liquid flow controller 24 and draining solenoid valve 13 between the freezing equipment inlet 6a of the freezing equipment 6 and leakage fluid dram 5c of vertical low pressure recycle bucket 5, draining solenoid valve 13 is provided with time controller 2 10, freezing equipment 6 is provided with pressure controller 15, temperature controller 16 and safety valve 18, temperature controller 16 is connected with voice message equipment 17, safety valve 18 is connected with ammoniacal liquor blender 20, ammoniacal liquor blender 20 is connected with water source 25 by water solenoid valve 21, flow sensor 19 is provided with between safety valve 18 and ammoniacal liquor blender 20, water solenoid valve 21 is connected with flow controller 22.During the present embodiment kind of refrigeration cycle, normal temperature high voltage refrigerant liquid passes through choke valve 11, because throttle effect becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid.
The present invention is in process of refrigerastion, and liquid supply electromagnetic valve 9 is opened, and freezing equipment liquid supply electromagnetic valve 12 is opened, and freezing equipment draining solenoid valve 13 is closed, and back-steam magnetic valve 14 is opened, and defrosting magnetic valve 7 cuts out.After condensation on freezing equipment 6 has one deck frost, refrigerating effect declines, temperature of ice house rises, freezer real time temperature is detected by the temperature controller 16 arranged in freezer, when the temperature of ice house that temperature controller 16 detects is higher than the temperature value set, voice message equipment 17 sends prompt tone, closes liquid supply electromagnetic valve 9 simultaneously.Deng liquid supply electromagnetic valve 9 shut-in time reach setting-up time in freezing equipment pipe liquefied ammonia evaporation, find time after, the freezing equipment draining solenoid valve 13 controlled by time controller 2 10 is opened, close freezing equipment liquid supply electromagnetic valve 12 and back-steam magnetic valve 14 simultaneously, open defrosting magnetic valve 7, thus start defrosting.
For ensureing the security of defrosting, the present invention is detected defrosting process by multiple safety means, specific as follows:
1, when the pressure detected when the pressure controller 15 in the defrosting draindown header being arranged on freezing equipment 6 is greater than 0.7MPa, closes defrosting magnetic valve 7, open back-steam magnetic valve 14.
2, when the liquid level that the fluid level controller 23 be arranged on vertical low pressure recycle bucket 5 detects higher than 80% time, close defrosting magnetic valve 7.
3, defrost time is controlled by time controller 8, and after defrost time reaches setting-up time, defrosting magnetic valve 7 cuts out, freezing equipment draining solenoid valve 13 is closed, back-steam magnetic valve 14 is opened, liquid supply electromagnetic valve 9 is opened, and system restarts kind of refrigeration cycle.
4, safety valve 18 is arranged in the defrosting draindown header of freezing equipment 6, and when the pressure of freezing equipment 6 defrosting draindown header reaches the opening pressure of safety valve 18, safety valve 18 is opened, and the pressure in freezing equipment 6 reduces.Be provided with flow sensor 19 after safety valve 18 bleed outlet, the ammoniacal liquor flow signal detected is fed back to flow controller 22 and water solenoid valve 21 by flow sensor 19, makes the flow of water and ammoniacal liquor be mixed into ammonia spirit in the ratio set.
5, liquid flow sensor 24 between the freezing equipment venthole 6b of the freezing plant 6 and leakage fluid dram 5c of vertical low pressure recycle bucket 5 is arranged on for detecting the flow of liquid refrigerant, when flowing exceed setting value, if defrosting magnetic valve is in opening, then can automatically close, if defrosting magnetic valve in off position, then can not be opened.
In the present embodiment, adopt ammonia refrigeration system, polluted to external world to avoid liquefied ammonia directly to discharge by additional ammoniacal liquor blender 20, if freon refrigeration system, then without the need to arranging ammoniacal liquor blender 20, and adopt hold-up vessel, liquid refrigerant is directly disposed in hold-up vessel.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Although more employ coolant compressor 1 herein, compressor inlet 1a, compressor outlet 1b, oil eliminator 2, separator import 2a, separator outlet 2b, condenser 3, condensation import 3a, condensate outlet 3b, liquid reservoir 4, storage liquid import 4a, storage liquid outlet 4b, vertical low pressure recycle bucket 5, inlet 5a, supply opening 5b, leakage fluid dram 5c, back-steam mouth 5d, circulation barrel outlet 5e, freezing equipment 6, freezing equipment inlet 6a, freezing equipment venthole 6b, defrosting pressure regulating solenoid valve 7, time controller 1, liquid supply electromagnetic valve 9, time controller 2 10, choke valve 11, freezing equipment liquid supply electromagnetic valve 12, freezing equipment draining solenoid valve 13, back-steam magnetic valve 14, pressure controller 15, temperature controller 16, voice message equipment 17, safety valve 18, flow sensor 19, ammoniacal liquor blender 20, water solenoid valve 21, flow controller 22, fluid level controller 23, liquid flow controller 24, water source 25 term such as grade, but do not get rid of the possibility using other term.These terms are used to be only used to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; The restriction that they are construed to any one additional is all contrary with spirit of the present invention.