CN1035561C - Copper alloy - Google Patents
Copper alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1035561C CN1035561C CN93120064A CN93120064A CN1035561C CN 1035561 C CN1035561 C CN 1035561C CN 93120064 A CN93120064 A CN 93120064A CN 93120064 A CN93120064 A CN 93120064A CN 1035561 C CN1035561 C CN 1035561C
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Abstract
Described is a cooper-based alloy containing 57 to 65 % by wt. of copper, up to 3 % by wt. of other alloying constituents and bismuth as a machining additive, the remainder being zinc.
Description
The present invention relates to copper is base, the alloy that adds more common alloying constituent zinc.This alloy that is commonly referred to as brass can be used for making various industrial equipments and parts.Decide on application target, the completely specified performance in order to obtain to conform to application target separately can join different alloying constituents in the brass alloys., just the element lead of about 1-3 weight % is added in these alloys usually if prepare but the alloy that for example is suitable for smear metal processing is provided.The smear metal that produces when lead causes machining is easily broken.This specific character particularly adds man-hour to workpiece on automatic machinery be indispensable.
If use this plumbiferous alloy to make the element of installation of supply tap water, the danger of existence is that alloying constituent lead changes in the tap water.This lead and tap water enter tissue through stomach-intestinal digestion system together, and the master accumulates in the bone, causes well-known infringement.These harm also can pass through to smelt Winn bronze, and the manufacturer that continues its product of production after perhaps smelting causes.Lead here can arrive in the human body by contact, suction or skin absorption.
Learnt by DE 38 34 460 C2, use a kind of alloy to make the parts of water equipment, this alloy contains 1.5-7 weight % bismuth, 5-15% weight zinc, 1-12 weight % tin, and all the other are the copper of band impurity.This is a kind of cast bronze alloy, contains the tinbronze of zinc as additive in other words.The shortcoming of some alloys is like this, owing to generate the displaced type solution between copper and tin, they have very wide freezing range.This alloy is not suitable for die cast, and this is a critical defect.Reason is that mainly these alloys have quite high fusing point.Consequently, through after several casting process, metal pattern is owing to the heat-flash load can not use.In addition.These alloys also have the freezing range (being about 150 ℃) than broad.This quite high speed of cooling with die cast is relevant, causes the red brittleness of foundry goods to increase.Therefore in fact some above-mentioned alloys can only be used for sand mold casting.
At US5, narrated some brass alloys in 137,685, they have very high bi content, i.e. 1.5-5%, and be preferably 1.8-2.2%.Neither contain aluminium in these alloys, also boracic not.
Another shortcoming of this alloy is in order to carry out machining, to need the content of bismuth quite high.
According to above-mentioned situation, task of the present invention provides and is applicable to equipment unit, the less leaded or lead-free alloy of manufacturing tap water.This alloy does not have some above-mentioned shortcomings.In addition, this alloy also will have required casting performance and the mechanical property of application target for regulation.But water fitting should have polished surface for example and to enough stopping propertys of the pressure range that exists, promptly directly depend on the grain refining of foundry goods tissue in the Drinking water supply system.
This task is resolved by alloy of the present invention.The fact proves that unexpectedly alloy of the present invention can successfully be poured into a mould in metal pattern, crystal grain is also quite thin in addition, in fact solidifies in the liquid not produce shrinkage cavity.Also have an advantage to be,, but have smooth and polished surface if cast foundry goods with this alloy.As the situation in the high-quality accessory in galley equipment field and sanitation field.In addition, the accessory made from alloy of the present invention also has good stopping property, and this is because in different pressure ranges, does not have shrinkage cavity on the internal surface that is separated from each other or on the trim or does not have the cause in spongy zone.Spongy zone is meant the structure realm that demonstrates the loose structure that contains the empty sample of sponge.Another advantage of alloy of the present invention is, this alloy has good flowability, and particularly the foundry goods to the manufacturing structure complexity is important.
By replacing used so far alloying constituent lead, make the parts made from alloy of the present invention in fact not have worrying toxicity with bismuth.People do not find that bismuth has the plumbous cumulative toxicity effect that is equivalent to.(DAB) is described according to Ph.G, compares with lead, and the toxicity of bismuth is much smaller, therefore because the concentration that bismuth changes in the tap water may only produce the possibility of having only extremely small health risk comparatively speaking.As microorganism and animalcule evincible on one's body, bismuth is littler 10 times than plumbous to organic toxicity.Avirulent relatively another sign of bismuth is found in the following fact: opposite with lead, in Germany's (DE) regulation about hazardous product, bismuth is classified as not unhealthful material, in this external standard code, for example in technology implementation regulation (TVO), also do not mention its toxicity.
In preparation during alloy of the present invention, look the purity of employed alloying constituent and the impurity of inappreciable lead may occur.But these impurity only reach the highest about 0.3 weight % usually, therefore with have a mind to add that plumbous additive in the Winn bronze alloy compares is negligible.
Here especially be stressed that, be 0.0005-0.0015% boron, can reduce the mean grain size of tissue by adding its amount.Here reaching following percentage value data is weight percentage.
A kind of favourable alloy composition is: Cu:57-62%; Bi0.3-1.5%; Al0.4-0.8%; B0.0005-0.0015%; Impurity 0-1%; Surplus is Zn.
A kind of particularly advantageous alloy contains: Cu:59.78%; Al0.60%; Bi1.00%; B0.0013%; Pb0.02%; Sn0.01%; Fe0.02%; Sb0.01%; Surplus is Zn.
In following alloy, copper content is adjusted to higher level, promptly 62-65% makes to contain element M n, Si and Sb in the alloy simultaneously especially.
Contain Cu62-65% in a kind of preferred alloy; Bi0.3-1.5%; Mn0.3-0.7%; Si0.3-0.7%; Al0.3-0.7%; Sb0.05-0.15%; B0.0005-0.0015%; All the other alloying constituents are less than 1%; Surplus is Zn.
A kind of preferred alloy in the above-mentioned type alloy has following composition: Cu62-65%; Bi0.5-1.5%; Mn0.3-0.5%; Si0.5-0.7%; Al0.3-0.7%; Sb0.05-0.1%; B0.0005-0.0015%; Pb0-0.3%; Sn0-0.25%; Fe0-0.20%; Ni0-0.5%; Surplus is Zn.
A kind of particularly preferred alloy is grouped into by following one-tenth: Cu63.0%; Bi0.8%; Mn0.45%; Si0.5%; Al0.5%; Sb0.1%; B0.0010%; Pb＜0.1%; Sn＜0.1%; Fe＜0.1%; Ni＜0.1%; Surplus is Zn.
A kind of preferred alloy is grouped into by following one-tenth: Cu64.83%; Bi0.53%; Fe0.049%; Mn0.40%; B0.0015%; Ni＜0.01%; Si0.53%; Sn＜0.01%; Pb＜0.01%; Al0.53%; Surplus is Zn.
The advantage of above-mentioned back three alloys is that these alloys are anti-dezincifys.Also can be used for the high field of water erosion to the tap water accessory made from these alloys according to this performance, and generally have higher work-ing life.
In order for example to obtain the brass alloys of anti-dezincify from traditional brass alloys from Ms60FK, need to improve copper content, for example bring up to 64%.But some alloys accessory of to many purposes, especially being used for making health field is unfavorable like this, because they have thick tissue, this can cause known disadvantageous attendant phenomenon, for example increases the formation of shrinkage cavity.With the boron that uses usually for this reason the high copper alloy of copper content is carried out the test not success so far of grain refining, therefore to the actual alloy that can only use not anti-dezincify of the application target of having mentioned.
The fact unexpectedly proves, although improved copper content with known alloy phase ratio, if consumption addition element manganese, silicon and the antimony pointed out by the present invention limit iron-holder simultaneously and mostly is most 0.25 weight %, it is possible then carrying out grain refining with boron.Prove unexpectedly that in addition if the stanniferous amount is the least possible, but be not less than 0.25 weight % at least, then the red brittleness of this alloy can improve.Another advantage is the appearance of having restrained hard foreign material consumingly.If the boron refinement of tradition copper alloy containing lead, hard inclusion is separated out and will be increased the weight of, and disturbs surface working.
Illustrate in greater detail the present invention by means of embodiment below.
Obtain a kind of liquation by melting corresponding alloy composition, this liquation contains 59.78 weight % copper.0.60 weight % aluminium, 1.00 weight % bismuths, 13ppm boron, the impurity that produces by smelting process are 0.02 weight % lead, 0.01 weight % tin, 0.02 weight % iron, 0.01 weight % antimony and all the other is zinc.This liquation is cast as test ingot bar and finished product cast (accessory).The part of ingot casting or component end item is carried out various standard tests.
But, carry out a series of polishing test in order to check the polishability of alloy of the present invention.The result of this row system polishing test is that the moulded piece made from alloy of the present invention has the surface smoothness that the high-quality accessory needs.Equally all samples were carried out tearing test.Prove conclusively in the case, in fact do not have foreign impurity or " sponge zone " and exist.If these " sponge zones " are on the partition between the different space of pressure or for example are in the place that is sealed and matched, then these " sponge zones " often are main cause of seepage.
It almost all is equiax crystal that the sample that is verified is organized, and mean grain size is about 30 μ m.Mobile standard as alloy is being measured burning notes spiral sample length (after cutting) under 1000-1005 ℃ the temperature.The value of being asked is between 522mm and 531mm, thereby in the scope of the value of learning from GkMs60Fk (500mm-600mm).
On the machine of automatization, several component end items were carried out machining, promptly make screw thread and sealing plane with common working method, fact proved, can be the same machining of carrying out of foundry goods that becomes with alloy casting of the present invention goodly with the foundry goods of making by traditional brass alloys GkMs60Fk.The scrap metal of the scrap metal that chips away and plumbiferous brass alloys of being got on the bus from foundry goods is the same easily broken.
Spillage of material when wearing test in the mensuration scheduled time and traditional alloy do not have significant difference yet.Electrodepositable about the foundry goods made by alloy of the present invention has found do not have difference with traditional alloy-steel casting equally.
Measured mechanical property by Deutsche Industry Norm (DIN) 1709 the 5th joints.From wedge-shaped samples, get nethermost part and be made into " circular specimen " by the standard casting.Press DIN50150 manufacturing and stretch " circular specimen ".The numerical value of measuring is listed in the table below:
Table 1
Alloy GkMs60Fk of the present invention
Yield-point σ
s0.2 (N/mm
2): 157,0 153.7
Tensile strength σ
b(N/mm
2): 360,8 396
Unit elongation δ
10(%) 12,6 19.7
Brinell hardness 2,5/62,5HB): 121 107
Embodiment 2:
This embodiment includes the alloy of following composition (weight %);
Copper: 63.00%, bismuth: 0.8%, manganese: 0.45%, silicon: 0.5%, aluminium: 0.5%, antimony: 0.1%, boron: 10ppm, lead:＜0.10%, tin:＜0.10%, iron:＜0.10%, nickel:＜0.10%, all the other are zinc.
In order to measure anti-dezincify, cut out some mould section abrasive discs and test from the water fitting made from alloy of the present invention (the sample PIII the table 2) is cold by ISO 6509 (Corrosion of metals and alloys/Determination of dezincificationresistance of brass, version in 1981).Casting temp is 1000 ℃.In order to contrast, checked 2 samples (PI and PII) (data are in weight %) with following composition:
Copper: 60.06%, zinc: 37.38%, nickel: 0.030%, aluminium: 0.65%, manganese:＜0.010%, tin: 0.10%, antimony: 0.020%, silicon: 0.010%, iron: 0.080%, lead: 1.65%, boron: 0.0008%.
Anti-dezincify assay is learnt by following table 2:
Table 2
The sample dezincify degree of depth (μ m)
PI 550
PII 220
PIII 60
The degree of depth of taking off of measuring sample III is 60 μ m, and has the much higher dezincify degree of depth by the sample that traditional GkMs60Fk forms.According to standard BS 2872 (BS=British Standard), BS2974, SS11710 (SS=Svensk Standard) or Swedish architecture standard R8, sample P II is anti-dezincify.Allowing that by the BS foundry goods dezincify degree of depth is 100 μ m, is 200 μ m by R8.
Following test is that apparatus has the sample PIV and the PV of following composition (data are in weight %) to carry out:
PIV: copper: 64.81%, bismuth: 0.33%, manganese: 0.44%, iron: 0.039% boron: 0.0015%, nickel:＜0.01%, silicon: 0.53%, tin:＜0.01%, lead:＜0.01%, aluminium: 0.53%, all the other are zinc.
PV: copper: 64.83%, bismuth: 0.53%, iron: 0.049%, manganese: 0.40%,
Remaining alloying constituent is identical with PIV's.
Casting under the creating conditions of routine at first.Earlier these foundry goods are justified mill with machine, correct grinding, and carry out meticulous polishing by hand, both also polished by hand at last with machine.These foundry goods are sent to normal process, and after first process of smart base state and said process, all weigh.In this case, compare with the foundry goods of making by traditional brass GkMs60Fk, because it is better than traditional foundry goods that the spillage of material that the machine grinding causes obviously reduces the surface quality of the foundry goods made from alloy of the present invention, after first grinding process or polishing process, product rejection quantity is few.For the weave construction in " the sponge zone " of checking shrinkage cavity, also above-mentioned sample PIV and PV were carried out tearing test, all samples do not have such tissue defects.
Measured microstructure with PIV and the corresponding alloy of PV with conventional metallographic method.This tissue shows that it is the equiax crystal that mean particle size is about 35 μ m basically, and maximum particle size is below 100 μ m.
In order to measure machinability, on the machine of automatization, processed 60 foundry goods (accessory), for example be processed into trim and screw thread.The fact shows, traditional casting machined parameters commonly used is done inapparent change should realize this machine workability.
Yield-point has been measured in standard method routinely, tensile strength, these mechanical performance parameters of unit elongation and Brinell hardness.This campaign is the result show, above-mentioned mechanical properties data can be compared with known brass alloys GkMs60Fk.
Claims (8)
1. alloy, it has following composition (quality percentage composition):
Cu： 57-62％
Bi： 0.3-1.5％
Al： 0.4-0.8％
B： 0.0005-0.0015％
Impurity: 0-1%
All the other are zinc.
2. alloy, it has following composition (quality percentage composition):
Cu： 59.78％
Al： 0.60％
Bi： 1.00％
B： 0.0013％
Sn： 0.01％
Pb： 0.02％
Fe： 0.02％
Sb： 0.01％
All the other are zinc.
3. alloy, it comprises following composition (quality percentage composition):
Cu： 62-65％
Bi： 0.3-1.5％
Mn： 0.3-0.7％
Si： 0.3-0.7％
Al： 0.3-0.7％
Sb： 0.05-0.15％
B： 0.0005-0.0015％
Poly-doped impurity:＜1%
All the other are zinc.
4. according to the alloy of claim 3, it has following composition (quality percentage composition)
Cu： 62-65％
Bi： 0.5-1.5％
Mn： 0.3-0.5％
Si： 0.5-0.7％
Al： 0.3-0.7％
Sb： 0.05-0.1％
B： 0.0005-0.0015％
Pb： 0-0.3％
Sn： 0-0.25％
Fe： 0-0.20％
Ni： 0-0.5％
All the other are zinc.
5. according to the alloy of claim 4, it is characterized in that it has following composition (quality percentage composition)
Cu： 63.0％
Bi： 0.8％
Mn： 0.45％
Si： 0.5％
Al： 0.5％
Sb： 0.1％
B： 0.0010％
Pb： ＜0.1％
Sn： ＜0.1％
Fe： ＜0.1％
Ni： ＜0.1％
All the other are zinc.
6. alloy, it has following composition (quality percentage composition):
Cu： 64.81％
Bi 0.33％
Mn： 0.44％
Fe： 0.039％
B： 0.0015％
Ni： ＜0.01％
Si： 0.53％
Sn： ＜0.01％
Pb： ＜0.01％
Al： 0.53％
All the other are zinc.
7. according to the alloy of claim 3, it has following composition (quality percentage composition):
Cu： 64.83％
Bi 0.53％
Fe： 0.049％
Mn： 0.40％
B： 0.0015％
Ni： ＜0.01％
Si： 0.53％
Sn： ＜0.01％
Pb： ＜0.01％
Al： 0.53％
All the other are zinc.
8. the application of the described alloy of claim 1-7 aspect the parts of making drinking device.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4240880.6 | 1992-12-04 | ||
| DE4240880 | 1992-12-04 | ||
| DE4312484 | 1993-04-16 | ||
| DEP4312466.6 | 1993-04-16 | ||
| DEP4312484.4 | 1993-04-16 | ||
| DE4312466 | 1993-04-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1089662A CN1089662A (en) | 1994-07-20 |
| CN1035561C true CN1035561C (en) | 1997-08-06 |
Family
ID=27204521
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93120064A Expired - Fee Related CN1035561C (en) | 1992-12-04 | 1993-12-03 | Copper alloy |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1035561C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ250348A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103911525A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-09 | 安新县华昌合金厂 | Waste regenerated lead-free brass alloy and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004244672A (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-09-02 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | Copper-base alloy with excellent dezincification resistance |
| CN101469384B (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2011-11-16 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Brass alloy material and preparation thereof |
| TWI452153B (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2014-09-11 | Toto Ltd | Excellent lead-free quick-brushed brass |
| CN102465216A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-23 | 浙江三瑞铜业有限公司 | Environment-friendly lead-free free-cutting brass |
| JP5143948B1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-02-13 | Ｊマテ．カッパープロダクツ 株式会社 | Lead-free brass alloy for hot working |
| CN104722901A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-06-24 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | Welding method of lead-free brass |
| CN105525136A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-27 | 广西丛欣实业有限公司 | Preparation method of brass alloy |
| CN107980068A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-05-01 | 广东伟强铜业科技有限公司 | A kind of cutting brass alloy and its manufacture method |
| CN111101017B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-04-27 | 黑龙江北鸥卫浴用品有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant low-lead brass alloy, brass casting and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3834460A1 (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-27 | Imi Yorkshire Fittings | ALLOY |
| US5137685A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-08-11 | Olin Corporation | Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content |
-
1993
- 1993-12-03 NZ NZ25034893A patent/NZ250348A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-03 CN CN93120064A patent/CN1035561C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3834460A1 (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-27 | Imi Yorkshire Fittings | ALLOY |
| US5137685A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-08-11 | Olin Corporation | Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content |
| US5137685B1 (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1995-09-26 | Olin Corp | Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103911525A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-09 | 安新县华昌合金厂 | Waste regenerated lead-free brass alloy and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ250348A (en) | 1994-06-27 |
| CN1089662A (en) | 1994-07-20 |
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