A kind of leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy rod and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy bar production field, particularly relate to a kind of leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy rod, and the manufacture method of this alloy bar.
Background technology
Existing tinbronze material often adds lead element to realize its easy chip performance, leaded tinbronze has higher wear resistance and good workability, fine weldering and good welding performance, mainly for the manufacture of bearing the part of friction in navigate empty ﹑ automobile and other industrial sectors and carrying out necessary welding.But due to the characteristic of lead, when carrying out hot-work, very easily produce red brittleness, therefore cold working can only be carried out, reduce the workability of alloy bar, and lead has very large harm to environment, along with significantly improving of environmental consciousness, the bell metal containing lead element can not meet the requirement of domestic and international high-end market.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the object of this invention is to provide one not leaded, the environmental protection copper base alloy rod that workability is strong, and the manufacture method of this alloy bar.
A leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy rod, be made up of the component of following weight percentage: zinc 8% ~ 10%, tin 9% ~ 11.5%, bismuth 1% ~ 2.5%, silicon carbide 0.5% ~ 1.5%, surplus is copper.
Further, the weight percentage proportioning of described each component is as follows: zinc 9%, tin 10.5%, bismuth 2%, silicon carbide 1%, and surplus is copper.
Further, the manufacture method of described leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy rod, comprises following steps:
1) copper, tin, zinc are placed in main frequency furnace by above-mentioned weight percentage proportioning, be heated to 1100 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C completely fusing after, be incubated to 1000 DEG C;
2), after the above-mentioned aluminium alloy melted completely fully being stirred, on aluminium alloy, cover high purity flaky graphite powder, and be incubated;
3) 1000 DEG C of insulations are after 1.2 ~ 1.5 hours, in electric furnace, take out sample, adopt direct-reading spectrometer to carry out three to five composition detection to sample, if each component concentration is within specialized range, then settle for subsequent use;
Bi ﹑ silicon carbide is positioned in crucible oven by above-mentioned weight percentage proportioning simultaneously heats by 4), and stirs with graphite rod, is stirred to silicon carbide and is evenly distributed in the middle of the solution of bismuth, insulation 20-30 minute;
5) solution of step 4) is added in the aluminium alloy for subsequent use of the step 3) be incubated, again stir with graphite rod, and heat to 1100-1500 DEG C, each component content of sample examination;
6) get the aluminium alloy of each component content within specialized range in step 5) a small amount of, polishing after its cooled and solidified, at the metallography microscope Microscopic observation of 800 times, if grain structure is even, then carry out next step processing;
7) by step 6) after interalloy liquid is incubated 30-40 minute further, is again warming up to 1300 DEG C, and opens the vibrating device of main frequency furnace, adopt horizontal continuous casting method casting to make alloy bar;
8) with box-annealing furnace to step 7) alloy bar carries out anneal, then carry out surface working with light ingot machine blank alloy bar, tolerance is at +/-0.1mm;
9) adopt 1500 tons of double-acting extruding machine pressing steps 8) alloy bar, through repeatedly extruding after diameter of rod be Φ 20 to Φ 80mm, tolerance is +/-1mm.
10) by step 9) alloy bar material ultrasonic reflectoscope carry out slight crack and pore flaw detection, melt down to choose substandard product; By unified for the qualified bar length 200mm that is cut into packaging warehouse-in after its two ends deburring.
Further, step 2) described in stir and adopt graphite rod, the thickness of described Graphite Powder 99 is 6 ~ 10cm.
Further, step 4) described in the purity of high purity bismuth be greater than 99.99%, particle size range 1 μm of <r (particle diameter) <10 μm of silicon carbide.
Further, step 4) described in Heating temperature be 350 ~ 400 DEG C, heat-up time is 30 ~ 40 minutes.
Further, step 7) described in the vibrational frequency of vibrating device of main frequency furnace be 1 time/second.
Further, step 7) described in the external diameter of alloy bar be Φ 50mm to Φ 100mm, length is 500mm.
Further, step 8) described in annealing temperature be 200-250 DEG C, annealing time is 1-1.5 hour.
Further, step 9) described in alloy pig Heating temperature be 100-150 DEG C, extrusion temperature is 400 DEG C, extrusion speed V=8mm/s.
Adopt above technical scheme, the lead element in bismuth element replacement traditional copper alloy is adopted in alloy bar of the present invention, and add nanometer silicon carbide material, according to certain composition proportion, suitable temperature, produces the tinbronze material that can replace completely containing lead element by the high tenacity of cold rise pyrocondensation performance and the nm-class silicon carbide material of bismuth and high rigidity.The present invention, when not increasing cost, meets the cutting ability and the hardness that the requirement of the environmental-protecting performance of this alloy are further improved again to alloy simultaneously, is suitable for the wear-resisting spare part of high temperature (400 DEG C) situation
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is production technological process of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
embodiment 1
A kind of leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy novel material, be made up of the component of following weight percentage: zinc 8%, tin 9%, bismuth 1%, silicon carbide 0.5%, surplus is copper.Its manufacturing process flow as shown in Figure 1, carries out following steps successively:
Copper, tin, zinc are placed in main frequency furnace by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning, be heated to 1100 DEG C completely fusing after, be incubated to 1000 DEG C.After fully being stirred by the above-mentioned aluminium alloy graphite rod melted completely, on aluminium alloy, cover high purity flaky graphite powder, thickness is 6cm, and is incubated.1000 DEG C of insulations, after 1.2 hours, take out sample in electric furnace, adopt direct-reading spectrometer to carry out three to five composition detection to sample, if each component concentration is within specialized range, then settle for subsequent use.Purity being greater than 99.99% Bi ﹑ particle size range is that the silicon carbide of 1 μm of < particle diameter <10 μm is positioned in crucible oven by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning simultaneously and heats, Heating temperature is 350 DEG C, time is 30 minutes, and stir with graphite rod, being stirred to silicon carbide is evenly distributed in the middle of the solution of bismuth, is incubated 20 minutes.Above-mentioned solution is added to be incubated copper for subsequent use, tin, in zinc liquid, again stir with graphite rod, and heat to 1100 DEG C, each component content of sample examination.Get the aluminium alloy of above-mentioned each component content within specialized range a small amount of, polishing after its cooled and solidified, at the metallography microscope Microscopic observation of 800 times, if grain structure is even, further insulation is after 30 minutes, again 1300 degree are warming up to, and open the vibrating device of main frequency furnace, vibrational frequency is 1 time/second, adopting horizontal continuous casting method casting to make external diameter is Φ 50mm, length is the alloy bar of 500mm, anneal is carried out with box-annealing furnace alloy rod, annealing temperature is 200 DEG C, annealing time is 1 hour, then carry out surface working with light ingot machine blank alloy bar, tolerance is at +/-0.1mm.Adopt 1500 tons of double-acting extruding machine extruded alloy rods, alloy pig Heating temperature is 100 DEG C, and extrusion temperature is 400 DEG C, extrusion speed V=8mm/s, and after repeatedly extruding, diameter of rod is Φ 20mm, and tolerance is +/-1mm.Carry out slight crack and pore flaw detection with ultrasonic reflectoscope alloy rod, melt down to choose substandard product; By unified for the qualified bar length 200mm that is cut into packaging warehouse-in after its two ends deburring.
embodiment 2
A kind of leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy novel material, be made up of the component of following weight percentage: zinc 10%, tin 11.5%, bismuth 2.5%, silicon carbide 1.5%, surplus is copper.Its manufacturing process flow as shown in Figure 1, carries out following steps successively:
Copper, tin, zinc are placed in main frequency furnace by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning, be heated to 1150 DEG C completely fusing after, be incubated to 1000 DEG C.After fully being stirred by the above-mentioned aluminium alloy graphite rod melted completely, on aluminium alloy, cover high purity flaky graphite powder, thickness is 10cm, and is incubated.1000 DEG C of insulations, after 1.5 hours, take out sample in electric furnace, adopt direct-reading spectrometer to carry out three to five composition detection to sample, if each component concentration is within specialized range, then settle for subsequent use.Purity being greater than 99.99% Bi ﹑ particle size range is that the silicon carbide of 1 μm of < particle diameter <10 μm is positioned in crucible oven by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning simultaneously and heats, Heating temperature is 400 DEG C, time is 40 minutes, and stir with graphite rod, being stirred to silicon carbide is evenly distributed in the middle of the solution of bismuth, is incubated 30 minutes.Above-mentioned solution is added to be incubated copper for subsequent use, tin, in zinc liquid, again stir with graphite rod, and heat to 1500 DEG C, each component content of sample examination.Get the aluminium alloy of above-mentioned each component content within specialized range a small amount of, polishing after its cooled and solidified, at the metallography microscope Microscopic observation of 800 times, if grain structure is even, further insulation is after 40 minutes, again 1300 degree are warming up to, and open the vibrating device of main frequency furnace, vibrational frequency is 1 time/second, adopting horizontal continuous casting method casting to make external diameter is Φ 100mm, length is the alloy bar of 500mm, anneal is carried out with box-annealing furnace alloy rod, annealing temperature is 250 DEG C, annealing time is 1.5 hours, then carry out surface working with light ingot machine blank alloy bar, tolerance is at +/-0.1mm.Adopt 1500 tons of double-acting extruding machine extruded alloy rods, alloy pig Heating temperature is 150 DEG C, and extrusion temperature is 400 DEG C, extrusion speed V=8mm/s, and after repeatedly extruding, diameter of rod is Φ 80mm, and tolerance is +/-1mm.Carry out slight crack and pore flaw detection with ultrasonic reflectoscope alloy rod, melt down to choose substandard product; By unified for the qualified bar length 200mm that is cut into packaging warehouse-in after its two ends deburring.
embodiment 3
A kind of leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy novel material, be made up of the component of following weight percentage: zinc 9%, tin 10.5%, bismuth 2%, silicon carbide 1%, surplus is copper.Its manufacturing process flow as shown in Figure 1, carries out following steps successively:
Copper, tin, zinc are placed in main frequency furnace by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning, be heated to 1125 DEG C completely fusing after, be incubated to 1000 DEG C.After fully being stirred by the above-mentioned aluminium alloy graphite rod melted completely, on aluminium alloy, cover high purity flaky graphite powder, thickness is 8cm, and is incubated.1000 DEG C of insulations, after 1.3 hours, take out sample in electric furnace, adopt direct-reading spectrometer to carry out three to five composition detection to sample, if each component concentration is within specialized range, then settle for subsequent use.Purity being greater than 99.99% Bi ﹑ particle size range is that the silicon carbide of 1 μm of < particle diameter <10 μm is positioned in crucible oven by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning simultaneously and heats, Heating temperature is 375 DEG C, time is 35 minutes, and stir with graphite rod, being stirred to silicon carbide is evenly distributed in the middle of the solution of bismuth, is incubated 25 minutes.Above-mentioned solution is added to be incubated copper for subsequent use, tin, in zinc liquid, again stir with graphite rod, and heat to 1300 DEG C, each component content of sample examination.Get the aluminium alloy of above-mentioned each component content within specialized range a small amount of, polishing after its cooled and solidified, at the metallography microscope Microscopic observation of 800 times, if grain structure is even, further insulation is after 35 minutes, again 1300 degree are warming up to, and open the vibrating device of main frequency furnace, vibrational frequency is 1 time/second, adopting horizontal continuous casting method casting to make external diameter is Φ 75mm, length is the alloy bar of 500mm, anneal is carried out with box-annealing furnace alloy rod, annealing temperature is 225 DEG C, annealing time is 1.2 hours, then carry out surface working with light ingot machine blank alloy bar, tolerance is at +/-0.1mm.Adopt 1500 tons of double-acting extruding machine extruded alloy rods, alloy pig Heating temperature is 125 DEG C, and extrusion temperature is 400 DEG C, extrusion speed V=8mm/s, and after repeatedly extruding, diameter of rod is Φ 50mm, and tolerance is +/-1mm.Carry out slight crack and pore flaw detection with ultrasonic reflectoscope alloy rod, melt down to choose substandard product; By unified for the qualified bar length 200mm that is cut into packaging warehouse-in after its two ends deburring.
embodiment 4
A kind of leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy novel material, be made up of the component of following weight percentage: zinc 8%, tin 9%, bismuth 2.5%, silicon carbide 1.5%, surplus is copper.Its manufacturing process flow as shown in Figure 1, carries out following steps successively:
Copper, tin, zinc are placed in main frequency furnace by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning, be heated to 1125 DEG C completely fusing after, be incubated to 1000 DEG C.After fully being stirred by the above-mentioned aluminium alloy graphite rod melted completely, on aluminium alloy, cover high purity flaky graphite powder, thickness is 8cm, and is incubated.1000 DEG C of insulations, after 1.3 hours, take out sample in electric furnace, adopt direct-reading spectrometer to carry out three to five composition detection to sample, if each component concentration is within specialized range, then settle for subsequent use.Purity being greater than 99.99% Bi ﹑ particle size range is that the silicon carbide of 1 μm of < particle diameter <10 μm is positioned in crucible oven by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning simultaneously and heats, Heating temperature is 375 DEG C, time is 35 minutes, and stir with graphite rod, being stirred to silicon carbide is evenly distributed in the middle of the solution of bismuth, is incubated 25 minutes.Above-mentioned solution is added to be incubated copper for subsequent use, tin, in zinc liquid, again stir with graphite rod, and heat to 1300 DEG C, each component content of sample examination.Get the aluminium alloy of above-mentioned each component content within specialized range a small amount of, polishing after its cooled and solidified, at the metallography microscope Microscopic observation of 800 times, if grain structure is even, further insulation is after 36 minutes, again 1300 degree are warming up to, and open the vibrating device of main frequency furnace, vibrational frequency is 1 time/second, adopting horizontal continuous casting method casting to make external diameter is Φ 70mm, length is the alloy bar of 500mm, anneal is carried out with box-annealing furnace alloy rod, annealing temperature is 230 DEG C, annealing time is 1.4 hours, then carry out surface working with light ingot machine blank alloy bar, tolerance is at +/-0.1mm.Adopt 1500 tons of double-acting extruding machine extruded alloy rods, alloy pig Heating temperature is 130 DEG C, and extrusion temperature is 400 DEG C, extrusion speed V=8mm/s, and after repeatedly extruding, diameter of rod is Φ 60mm, and tolerance is +/-1mm.Carry out slight crack and pore flaw detection with ultrasonic reflectoscope alloy rod, melt down to choose substandard product; By unified for the qualified bar length 200mm that is cut into packaging warehouse-in after its two ends deburring.
embodiment 5
A kind of leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy novel material, be made up of the component of following weight percentage: zinc 10%, tin 11.5%, bismuth 1%, silicon carbide 0.5%, surplus is copper.Its manufacturing process flow as shown in Figure 1, carries out following steps successively:
Copper, tin, zinc are placed in main frequency furnace by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning, be heated to 1130 DEG C completely fusing after, be incubated to 1000 DEG C.After fully being stirred by the above-mentioned aluminium alloy graphite rod melted completely, on aluminium alloy, cover high purity flaky graphite powder, thickness is 9cm, and is incubated.1000 DEG C of insulations, after 1.4 hours, take out sample in electric furnace, adopt direct-reading spectrometer to carry out three to five composition detection to sample, if each component concentration is within specialized range, then settle for subsequent use.Purity being greater than 99.99% Bi ﹑ particle size range is that the silicon carbide of 1 μm of < particle diameter <10 μm is positioned in crucible oven by above-mentioned weight percent proportioning simultaneously and heats, Heating temperature is 380 DEG C, time is 36 minutes, and stir with graphite rod, being stirred to silicon carbide is evenly distributed in the middle of the solution of bismuth, is incubated 26 minutes.Above-mentioned solution is added to be incubated copper for subsequent use, tin, in zinc liquid, again stir with graphite rod, and heat to 1400 DEG C, each component content of sample examination.Get the aluminium alloy of above-mentioned each component content within specialized range a small amount of, polishing after its cooled and solidified, at the metallography microscope Microscopic observation of 800 times, if grain structure is even, further insulation is after 33 minutes, again 1300 degree are warming up to, and open the vibrating device of main frequency furnace, vibrational frequency is 1 time/second, adopting horizontal continuous casting method casting to make external diameter is Φ 80mm, length is the alloy bar of 500mm, anneal is carried out with box-annealing furnace alloy rod, annealing temperature is 240 DEG C, annealing time is 1.1 hours, then carry out surface working with light ingot machine blank alloy bar, tolerance is at +/-0.1mm.Adopt 1500 tons of double-acting extruding machine extruded alloy rods, alloy pig Heating temperature is 110 DEG C, and extrusion temperature is 400 DEG C, extrusion speed V=8mm/s, and after repeatedly extruding, diameter of rod is Φ 30mm, and tolerance is +/-1mm.Carry out slight crack and pore flaw detection with ultrasonic reflectoscope alloy rod, melt down to choose substandard product; By unified for the qualified bar length 200mm that is cut into packaging warehouse-in after its two ends deburring.
Traditional lead element is replaced with bismuth element by leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy rod manufacturing method provided by the invention, and add nanometer silicon carbide material, according to certain composition proportion, suitable temperature, produces the tinbronze that can replace completely containing lead element by the expanding with cold and contracting with heat property of bismuth and the high tenacity of nm-class silicon carbide material and high rigidity.
The cutting ability of the leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy rod that obtains of the present embodiment, hardness are all better than tinbronze after testing.
To sum up, the leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy rod that embodiment 1-5 provides by traditional lead element is replaced with bismuth element, and adds nanometer silicon carbide material, increases cutting ability and the hardness of Alloy Materials thus.Its specific performance refers to following table:
Table 1 leadless environment-friendly copper base alloy rod performance table
The above embodiment only have expressed embodiments of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.