CN103555939A - Mineral leaching method and mineral leaching system for ionic rare earth mine - Google Patents

Mineral leaching method and mineral leaching system for ionic rare earth mine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103555939A
CN103555939A CN201310572035.8A CN201310572035A CN103555939A CN 103555939 A CN103555939 A CN 103555939A CN 201310572035 A CN201310572035 A CN 201310572035A CN 103555939 A CN103555939 A CN 103555939A
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China
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ore deposit
ore
rare earth
soak
soaking
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CN201310572035.8A
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Inventor
陈冬英
杨新华
欧阳红
赖兰萍
周洁英
伍莺
周爱国
彭少华
陈后兴
温祥
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GANZHOU NONFERROUS METALLURGICAL INSTITUTE
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GANZHOU NONFERROUS METALLURGICAL INSTITUTE
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Abstract

The invention relates to a mineral leaching method for an ionic rare earth mine. The mineral leaching method is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out percolation leaching on the mine by taking ammonia-free electrolyte as a mineral leaching agent, so that positive ions in the mineral leaching agent and ion-phase rare earth adsorbed on the surface of a carrier mine exchange to form a soluble rare earth compound entering the solution; loading the ionic rear earth mine in a mineral leaching exchange column, and adding the ammonia-free mineral leaching agent with the concentration of 2-5% according to the proportion of the mineral leaching agent (liters) to the mine (kilograms) being 0.6-0.8; after the surface of the mine is exposed out, adding top water according to the proportion of the top water (liters) to the mine (kilograms) being about 0.2; and draining away a residual solution in the mineral leaching exchange column fundamentally, namely ending mineral leaching work. The mineral leaching method is high in mineral leaching efficiency, and can prevent the pollution of ammonia nitrogen to the environment.

Description

A kind of ion type rareearth ore soak ore deposit method and system
Technical field
What the present invention relates to a kind of ion type rareearth ore soaks ore deposit method and system, particularly relate to a kind of ion type rareearth ore soaking ore deposit agent without ammonia, compound soaking soaked ore deposit method and system under ore deposit agent condition, belongs to hydrometallurgy field.
Background technology
At present, it is ammonium sulfate that conventional ion type rareearth ore soaks ore deposit agent, has low price, feature that rare earth leaching yield is high, and still, this kind soaks ore deposit agent and contain NH 4 +, use this kind to soak ore deposit agent ion type rareearth ore is soaked to ore deposit, can produce a large amount of ammonia nitrogen waste waters, cause water pollution.To produce 3000 tons of rare earths (with REO rare earth oxide) per year, with ammonium sulfate, soak approximately 1,800,000 tons/year of ore deposit wastewater treatment capacity, approximately 6000 tons/year of ammonia nitrogen quantity dischargeds, approximately 25 yuan/ton of ammonia nitrogen waste water processing costs, year is processed approximately 4,500 ten thousand yuan of waste water costs, Pollution abatement cost is very high, and regulation effect is unsatisfactory.
At present, also do not have effect method to make ammonia nitrogen waste water qualified discharge.In the art, adopting ammonium sulfate to soak ore deposit agent as ion type rareearth ore becomes fixing selection already, never expects how going to overcome this prejudice, and whether thinking can adopt other to soak ore deposit agent.
In the art, the ore deposit agent of soaking of once attempting also has NaCl, yet its shortcoming is: required NaCl concentration is high, soaks the ore deposit cycle long, and unit consumption is large, and in leach liquor, non-rare earth impurity content is higher, poor product quality, and tailings is containing a large amount of Na +, causing salting of soil, welding, is eliminated already.
Summary of the invention
What the object of the invention was to provide a kind of ion type rareearth ore soaks ore deposit method and system, its soak ore deposit efficiency high, can avoid the pollution of ammonia nitrogen to environment.
For this reason, according to an aspect of the present invention, what a kind of ion type rareearth ore was provided soaks ore deposit method, it is characterized in that, using without ammonia ionogen as soaking ore deposit agent, mineral are carried out to diafiltration leaching, make to soak positively charged ion in the agent of ore deposit and be attracted to carrier mineral lip-deep " Ion Phase " rare earth and exchange, the rare earth compound of formation solubility and enter into solution.
Preferably; ion type rareearth ore is packed into and soaked in the exchange column of ore deposit; bed thickness is less than soaks 85% of the degree of depth in the exchange column of ore deposit and (is preferably less than 75%; even be less than 60%); in soak ore deposit agent (liter)/ore (kilogram) ratio of=0.55～0.85 (preferably 0.6～0.8) (preferably 1 time at least one times; if repeatedly, concentration is constant) add concentration be 1～6% (preferably 2～5%) without ammonia, soak ore deposit agent; After ore faces exposes, then in top water (liter)/ore (kilogram) ratio of=0.15～0.25 (preferably 0.2) adds top water (preferably 1 time, if repeatedly, amount of water is constant) at least one times; Soak solution residual in the exchange column of ore deposit and substantially flow to end, stop soaking ore deposit operation.
Preferably, the diameter that soaks ore deposit exchange column is 1:0.5-1:10 with the ratio of height.
Preferably, further comprise that the rare earth concentration by chemical examination leach liquor calculates Ion Phase rare earth leaching yield.
Preferably, the rare earth in described ion type rareearth ore, it does not exist with " mineral facies ", but exists with " Ion Phase " form; In described ion type rareearth ore, the rare earth of 80～95% (for example approximately 90%) is adsorbed on mineral carrier and (for example, is adsorbed in clay mineral surface) with positively charged ion state; And/or, described ion type rareearth ore can with positively charged ion generation permutoid reaction in electrolyte solution.
Preferably, soak ore deposit and react as follows:
[Al 2Si 2O 5(OH) 4] m·nRE+3nMe +=[Al 2Si 2O 5(OH) 4] m·3nMe+nRE 3+
Wherein, Al 2si 2o 5(OH) 4represent kaolin; M representative is not fixed a number; N representative is not fixed a number; RE represents rare earth ion; Me represents strong electrolyte positively charged ion.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of ore deposit system of soaking of ion type rareearth ore is provided, it is characterized in that, comprise and soak ore deposit exchange column, it has feeder, the top water injecting device of superposed ion type rareearth ore and leach liquor take-off equipment and the mine tailing take-off equipment that soaks ore deposit agent injection device and be positioned at bottom without ammonia, described leach liquor take-off equipment the setting height higher than described mine tailing take-off equipment is set highly not.
Preferably, be also provided with bed thickness monitoring device, soak ore deposit agent and ore proportional control apparatus, without ammonia, soak ore deposit agent concentration control device, top water and ore proportional control apparatus, ore faces and expose monitoring and add top water controller and/or soak residual solution monitoring device in the exchange column of ore deposit.
Preferably, being also provided with bed thickness Threshold Alerts device, ore faces exposes warning device and/or soaks residual solution in the exchange column of ore deposit and flow to end warning device.
The present invention soaks that ore deposit is effective, rare earth leaching yield is high, soak Impurity Fe in short, leach liquor of ore deposit cycle, Al, Si, Ca content are low.The present invention is applicable to ion type rareearth ore mining.
The present invention adopts that compound without ammonia, to soak Ji Jin ore deposit, ore deposit ，Jin ore deposit effect suitable with ammonium sulfate, and soaks that the ore deposit cycle is short, leach liquor impurity content is low, and protection water body is not subject to ammonia and nitrogen pollution.
It is suitable with ammonium sulfate that the present invention not only can make ion type rareearth ore soak ore deposit effect, and from source, avoid bringing into NH 4 +ion, realizes the green exploitation in ion type rareearth mine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 soaks the schematic flow sheet of ore deposit method for ion type rareearth ore according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 soaks the structural principle schematic diagram of ore deposit system for ion type rareearth ore according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Ion type rareearth ore is not the mineral that exist with " mineral facies ", but the mineral that exist with a kind of " Ion Phase " form, that is in rare-earth mineral, approximately 90% rare earth is to be adsorbed on some mineral carrier and (to be adsorbed in clay mineral surface) with positively charged ion state, can with positively charged ion generation permutoid reaction in electrolyte solution, as long as using certain ionogen as soaking ore deposit agent, mineral are carried out to diafiltration leaching, soak positively charged ion in the agent of ore deposit " Ion Phase " rare earth with being attracted to carrier mineral surface is exchanged, the rare earth compound of formation solubility and enter into solution.Soak ore deposit reaction as follows:
[Al 2Si 2O 5(OH) 4] m·nRE+3nMe +=[Al 2Si 2O 5(OH) 4] m·3nMe+nRE 3+
Wherein, Al 2si 2o 5(OH) 4represent kaolin; M representative is not fixed a number; N representative is not fixed a number; RE represents rare earth ion; Me represents strong electrolyte positively charged ion.
According to the present invention, ion type rareearth ore test portion is evenly packed in Ф 150 * 2000mm synthetic glass exchange column, bed thickness 150cm (being 120cm in another embodiment), by soak ore deposit agent (liter)/ore (kilogram) be 0.6～0.8 left and right add finite concentration (2%～5%) without ammonia, soak ore deposit agent, after ore faces exposes, then by top water (liter)/ore (kilogram) be that 0.2 left and right adds top water.Soaking solution residual in ore pillar substantially flows to end and to stop soaking ore deposit operation.
According to the present invention, the rare earth concentration of chemical examination leach liquor, can calculate Ion Phase rare earth leaching yield.
As shown in Figure 1-2, according to the ore deposit system of soaking of ion type rareearth ore of the present invention, comprise and soak ore deposit exchange column 1, it has feeder 2, the top water injecting device 10 of superposed ion type rareearth ore and leach liquor take-off equipment 5 and the mine tailing take-off equipment 4 that soaks ore deposit agent injection device 3 and be positioned at bottom without ammonia, described leach liquor take-off equipment 5 the setting height higher than described mine tailing take-off equipment 4 is set highly not.
Preferably, be also provided with bed thickness monitoring device 7, soak ore deposit agent and ore proportional control apparatus 8, without ammonia, soak ore deposit agent concentration control device 9, top water and ore proportional control apparatus 11, ore faces and expose monitoring and add top water controller and/or soak residual solution monitoring device in the exchange column of ore deposit.
Preferably, being also provided with bed thickness Threshold Alerts device, ore faces exposes warning device and/or soaks residual solution in the exchange column of ore deposit and flow to end warning device.
example 1:
Get ion type rareearth raw ore-1, Ion Phase rare earth 0.097%, moisture 10.86%, adopt 2% ammonium sulfate to soak ore deposit, rare earth leaching yield is 95.05%, time of break-through 6h, and soaking the ore deposit cycle is 58h, leach liquor REO1.26g/L, Fe < 0.001g/L, Al0.022g/L, Si0.015g/L, Ca0.280g/L, pH4.5; Adopt the present invention 2% to soak ore deposit agent, rare earth leaching yield is 95.15%, time of break-through 7.5h, and soaking the ore deposit cycle is 60h, leach liquor REO0.94g/L, Fe < 0.001g/L, Al0.019g/L, Si0.009g/L, Ca0.240g/L, pH4.5.
example 2:
Get ion type rareearth raw ore-1, Ion Phase rare earth 0.097%, moisture 10.86%, adopt 2% ammonium sulfate to soak ore deposit, rare earth leaching yield is 95.05%, time of break-through 6h, and soaking the ore deposit cycle is 58h, leach liquor REO1.26g/L, Fe < 0.001g/L, Al0.022g/L, Si0.015g/L, Ca0.280g/L, pH4.5; Adopt the present invention 5% to soak ore deposit agent, rare earth leaching yield is 95.25%, time of break-through 6h, and soaking the ore deposit cycle is 48h, leach liquor REO1.25g/L, Fe < 0.001g/L, Al0.025g/L, Si0.011g/L, Ca0.320g/L, pH4.5.
example 3:
Get ion type rareearth raw ore-2, Ion Phase rare earth 0.062%, moisture 10.69%, adopt 2% ammonium sulfate to soak ore deposit, rare earth leaching yield is 92.90%, time of break-through 5.5h, and soaking the ore deposit cycle is 56h, leach liquor REO0.82g/L, Fe < 0.001g/L, Al0.016g/L, Si0.009g/L, Ca0.220g/L, pH4.5; Adopt the present invention 2% to soak ore deposit agent, rare earth leaching yield is 93.01%, time of break-through 7.0h, and soaking the ore deposit cycle is 58h, leach liquor REO0.60g/L, Fe < 0.001g/L, Al0.010g/L, Si0.009g/L, Ca0.144g/L, pH4.5.
example 4:
Get ion type rareearth raw ore-2, Ion Phase rare earth 0.062%, moisture 10.69%, adopt 2% ammonium sulfate to soak ore deposit, rare earth leaching yield is 92.90%, time of break-through 5.5h, and soaking the ore deposit cycle is 56h, leach liquor REO0.82g/L, Fe < 0.001g/L, Al0.016g/L, Si0.009g/L, Ca0.220g/L, pH4.5; Adopt the present invention 5% to soak ore deposit agent, rare earth leaching yield is 93.19%, time of break-through 5.5h, and soaking the ore deposit cycle is 44h, leach liquor REO0.80g/L, Fe < 0.001g/L, Al0.013g/L, Si0.012g/L, Ca0.190g/L, pH4.5.
The present invention includes: select suitable without ammonia, to soak ore deposit agent, meet and soak the required condition in ore deposit, make it soak ore deposit effective, rare earth leaching yield is high, soak the ore deposit cycle short, Impurity Fe in leach liquor, Al, Si, Ca content are low.

Claims (10)

1. an ion type rareearth ore soaks ore deposit method, it is characterized in that, using beyond NaCl without ammonia ionogen as soaking ore deposit agent, mineral are carried out to diafiltration leaching, make to soak positively charged ion in the agent of ore deposit and be attracted to carrier mineral lip-deep " Ion Phase " rare earth and exchange, the rare earth compound of formation solubility and enter into solution.
2. the ore deposit method of soaking as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that; ion type rareearth ore is packed into and soaked in the exchange column of ore deposit; bed thickness is less than soaks 85% of the degree of depth in the exchange column of ore deposit and (is preferably less than 75%; be more preferably less than 60%); in soak ore deposit agent (liter)/ore (kilogram) ratio of=0.55～0.85 (preferably 0.6～0.8) at least one times (preferably 1 time, if repeatedly, concentration is constant) add concentration be 1～6% (preferably 2～5%) without ammonia, soak ore deposit agent; After ore faces exposes, then in top water (liter)/ore (kilogram) ratio of=0.15～0.25 (preferably 0.2) adds top water (preferably 1 time, if repeatedly, amount of water is constant) at least one times; Soak solution residual in the exchange column of ore deposit and substantially flow to end, stop soaking ore deposit operation.
3. the ore deposit method of soaking as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter that soaks ore deposit exchange column is 1:0.5-1:10 with the ratio of height.
4. the ore deposit method of soaking as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, further comprises that the rare earth concentration by chemical examination leach liquor calculates Ion Phase rare earth leaching yield.
5. the ore deposit method of soaking as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the rare earth in described ion type rareearth ore, and it does not exist with " mineral facies ", but exists with " Ion Phase " form; In described ion type rareearth ore, the rare earth of 80～95% (for example approximately 90%) is adsorbed on mineral carrier and (for example, is adsorbed in clay mineral surface) with positively charged ion state; And/or, described ion type rareearth ore can with positively charged ion generation permutoid reaction in electrolyte solution.
6. the ore deposit method of soaking as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, soaks ore deposit and reacts as follows:
[Al 2Si 2O 5(OH) 4] m·nRE+3nMe +=[Al 2Si 2O 5(OH) 4] m·3nMe+nRE 3+
Wherein, Al 2si 2o 5(OH) 4represent kaolin; M representative is not fixed a number; N representative is not fixed a number; RE represents rare earth ion; Me represents strong electrolyte positively charged ion.
7. the ore deposit system of soaking of an ion type rareearth ore, it is characterized in that, comprise and soak ore deposit exchange column, it has feeder, the top water injecting device of superposed ion type rareearth ore and leach liquor take-off equipment and the mine tailing take-off equipment that soaks ore deposit agent injection device and be positioned at bottom without ammonia, described leach liquor take-off equipment the setting height higher than described mine tailing take-off equipment is set highly not.
8. the ore deposit system of soaking as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described in soak ore deposit exchange column and can be formed by more piece serial connection; Between adjacent two joints, be provided with gasket, and connect by flange.
9. the ore deposit system of soaking as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, be also provided with bed thickness monitoring device, soak ore deposit agent and ore proportional control apparatus, without ammonia, soak ore deposit agent concentration control device, top water and ore proportional control apparatus, ore faces and expose monitoring and add top water controller and/or soak residual solution monitoring device in the exchange column of ore deposit.
10. the ore deposit system of soaking as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, is also provided with bed thickness Threshold Alerts device, ore faces exposes warning device and/or residual solution is flow to end warning device.
CN201310572035.8A 2013-11-15 2013-11-15 Mineral leaching method and mineral leaching system for ionic rare earth mine Pending CN103555939A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104611547A (en) * 2015-03-09 2015-05-13 龙南县锦易矿业有限公司 Ore leaching process for south rare earth ore
CN104862507A (en) * 2015-06-04 2015-08-26 赣州有色冶金研究所 Method and system for removing ammonia nitrogen from ionic mixed rare earth feed liquid
CN106442260A (en) * 2016-09-27 2017-02-22 江西理工大学 Method for measuring permeability coefficient in rare earth ore leaching process

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN101255496A (en) * 2008-03-18 2008-09-03 中国高岭土公司 Method for synchronously reclaiming porcelain clay and rear earth from ionic adsorption type rear earth ore
CN102392129A (en) * 2011-11-17 2012-03-28 五矿（北京）稀土研究院有限公司 Method and system of in-situ ore leaching and leachate discharge of ion adsorption type ore
CN203159684U (en) * 2013-04-14 2013-08-28 江西理工大学 In-situ mineral leaching seepage test system
CN103361498A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-10-23 工信华鑫科技有限公司 Method for separating impurities from rare earth in rare-earth-ore leaching solution to purify rare earth
CN203530388U (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-04-09 赣州有色冶金研究所 Ion type rare-earth ore leaching system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1093114A (en) * 1994-03-18 1994-10-05 江西省科学院轻工化工新技术研究开发中心 Ion type rareearth ore speed-controlling shower soaking technology and equipment thereof
CN101255496A (en) * 2008-03-18 2008-09-03 中国高岭土公司 Method for synchronously reclaiming porcelain clay and rear earth from ionic adsorption type rear earth ore
CN102392129A (en) * 2011-11-17 2012-03-28 五矿（北京）稀土研究院有限公司 Method and system of in-situ ore leaching and leachate discharge of ion adsorption type ore
CN203159684U (en) * 2013-04-14 2013-08-28 江西理工大学 In-situ mineral leaching seepage test system
CN103361498A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-10-23 工信华鑫科技有限公司 Method for separating impurities from rare earth in rare-earth-ore leaching solution to purify rare earth
CN203530388U (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-04-09 赣州有色冶金研究所 Ion type rare-earth ore leaching system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104611547A (en) * 2015-03-09 2015-05-13 龙南县锦易矿业有限公司 Ore leaching process for south rare earth ore
CN104862507A (en) * 2015-06-04 2015-08-26 赣州有色冶金研究所 Method and system for removing ammonia nitrogen from ionic mixed rare earth feed liquid
CN106442260A (en) * 2016-09-27 2017-02-22 江西理工大学 Method for measuring permeability coefficient in rare earth ore leaching process
CN106442260B (en) * 2016-09-27 2019-11-01 江西理工大学 A method of infiltration coefficient during measurement rare earth leaching mine

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Application publication date: 20140205