CN103553646B - Cement-free castable for iron and steel smelting - Google Patents
Cement-free castable for iron and steel smelting Download PDFInfo
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- CN103553646B CN103553646B CN201310460772.9A CN201310460772A CN103553646B CN 103553646 B CN103553646 B CN 103553646B CN 201310460772 A CN201310460772 A CN 201310460772A CN 103553646 B CN103553646 B CN 103553646B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cement-free castable for iron and steel smelting, alumina, chromium oxide, silicon oxide and silicon carbide are used as main raw materials, suitable raw materials, a ratio thereof and a corresponding preparation method are selected, and then the excellent-performance cement-free castable is obtained by controlling reasonable addition amount of the chromium oxide and the solid solution forming degree in aggregate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-temperature wearable technical field of refractory castable, particularly a kind of smelting iron and steel cement-free castable.
Background technology
Refractory castable is the important component part in refractory materials, not only excellent property, and production technique is simple, cost is low, instead of traditional refractory brick material and be widely used in the smelting iron and steel Thermal Equipments such as blast furnace, converter, electric furnace, hotblast stove, smelting tundish easy to wear, infiltration and attack sites, and these positions are key positions of smelting equipment, will directly affect work-ing life and the utilising efficiency of smelting equipment.
Because the smelting process of iron and steel uses high-temperature slag in a large number, and the temperature of these slags is usually at about 1400 DEG C even higher, therefore the temperature of 1400 DEG C even higher can must be tolerated with key positions such as the furnace linings of the metallurgical equipment of these slag contacts, slag composition mainly calcium oxide simultaneously, magnesium oxide etc., basicity is generally on the low side, erosion for refractory castable is very serious, add in smelting iron and steel and often will use under the environment such as high temperature oxidation, therefore require that refractory castable must possess outstanding high thermal resistance, erosion resistance, oxidation-resistance, explosion-proof performance etc.
And Cr in prior art
2o
3, ZrO
2deng refractory raw material, there is excellent impermeabilisation and erosion-resistant optimum feed stock, such as Chinese patent application CN201010535390.4 discloses a kind of mould material being main raw material with aluminum oxide, chromic oxide and zirconium white, but its composition proportion is comparatively complicated, and need to add pure calcium aluminate cement, be unfavorable for the raising of its use temperature.Document " chromic oxide is on the impact of non-cement corundum castable material ore deposit phase, microstructure and intensity " is also pointed out, Cr under high temperature
2o
3with Al
2o
3can form continuous solid solution, thus the high-temperature behavior of chromium corundum goods is better than pure corundum products, and its slag resistance is with Cr
2o
3the increase of content and strengthening, adding chromic oxide in corundum material has more excellent properties, and have studied the impact of chromic oxide on the ore deposit phase composite of non-cement corundum base mould material, microstructure and folding strength.But it does not also carry out more systematic research to the proportioning of mould material.
The application, namely on the basis of above-mentioned research, researches and develops a kind of component relatively simple, and have excellent properties, smelting equipment cement-free castable all can be applied to completely.
Summary of the invention
Namely object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cement-free castable with excellent properties.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of cement-free castable, it is prepared by following steps:
One), select aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20 μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2/ μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=79-82:4-7:14-16 prepares burden, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 20-30min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 25-30min,
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2-2.5h at 1540-1560 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join the chromic oxide micro mist of 40-45 part again, the alumina powder of 5-10 part and the silicon carbide micro-powder of 3-5 part are as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8 μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2/ μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 30-60min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 3-5 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 15-30min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, the demoulding after placement 18-24h, be up to the standards and obtain finished product.
By the said products dry 24-36h at 120-130 DEG C of temperature, detect and obtain hot-cracking resistance and the working strength that product has excellence.
Advantage of the present invention is: have employed suitable raw material and proportioning thereof, and corresponding preparation method obtains the cement-free castable of excellent performance.
Embodiment
Below, by concrete experimental example, the present invention is described in detail.
Experimental example 1.
One), aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder is selected to prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20/ μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=79:4:14 prepares burden, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 25min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 30min;
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2h at 1540 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join again the chromic oxide micro mist of 40 parts, the alumina powder of 10 parts and 3 parts silicon carbide micro-powder as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8 μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2 μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 50min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 4 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 20min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, and after placing 24h, the demoulding obtains product.
Experimental example 2.
One), aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder is selected to prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20 μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=80:5:15 prepares burden, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 25min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 30min;
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2.3h at 1550 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join again the chromic oxide micro mist of 43 parts, the alumina powder of 7 parts and 4 parts silicon carbide micro-powder as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8 μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2 μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 50min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 4 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 20min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, and after placing 24h, the demoulding obtains product.
Experimental example 3.
One), aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder is selected to prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20/ μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=82:7:16 prepares burden, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 25min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 30min;
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2.5h at 1560 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join again the chromic oxide micro mist of 45 parts, the alumina powder of 5 parts and 5 parts silicon carbide micro-powder as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8/ μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2 μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 50min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 4 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 20min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, and after placing 24h, the demoulding obtains product.
Experimental example 4.
One), aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder is selected to prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20 μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=80:5:10 prepares burden, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 25min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 30min;
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2.3h at 1550 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join again the chromic oxide micro mist of 35 parts, the alumina powder of 7 parts and 4 parts silicon carbide micro-powder as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8 μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2 μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 50min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 4 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 20min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, and after placing 24h, the demoulding obtains product.
Experimental example 5.
One), aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder is selected to prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20/ μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=80:5:20 prepares burden, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 25min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 30min;
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2.3h at 1550 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join again the chromic oxide micro mist of 50 parts, the alumina powder of 7 parts and 4 parts silicon carbide micro-powder as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8/ μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6/ μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2 μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 50min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 4 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 20min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, and after placing 18-24h, the demoulding obtains product.
Experimental example 6.
One), aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder is selected to prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20 μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=80:5:15 prepares burden, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 25min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 30min;
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2h at 1500 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join again the chromic oxide micro mist of 43 parts, the alumina powder of 7 parts and 4 parts silicon carbide micro-powder as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8 μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2 μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 50min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 4 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 20min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, and after placing 24h, the demoulding obtains product.
Experimental example 7.
One), aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder is selected to prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20 μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=80:5:15 prepares burden, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 25min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 30min;
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2.5h at 1600 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join again the chromic oxide micro mist of 43 parts, the alumina powder of 7 parts and 4 parts silicon carbide micro-powder as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8 μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2/ μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 50min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 4 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 20min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, and after placing 24h, the demoulding obtains product.
Experimental example 8.
One), aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder is selected to prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, take weight ratio as aluminum oxide meal: chromic oxide fine powder=80:15 prepares burden, aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 25min;
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2.3h at 1550 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join the alumina powder of the chromic oxide micro mist of 43 parts and 7 parts again as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8 μm, and the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, aggregate and matrix is mixed, stir 50min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 4 parts taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 20min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, and after placing 24h, the demoulding obtains product.
Mould material casting is obtained sample 120 DEG C of insulation 24h dry for standby.
Hot-cracking resistance: sample is heated to 1500 DEG C and keeps 30min, take out sample subsequently to throw in cold water and keep 5 minutes, place after 30min at normal temperature after sample takes out, after repeating above-mentioned heating, cooling operation 20 times, weigh sample weight loss, and calculate rate of weight loss as the rate of peeling off to investigate hot-cracking resistance.
Resistance to fouling and perviousness: adopt containing silica, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide, titanium oxide, chromic oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, manganese oxide, cupric oxide, zinc oxide, sulphur trioxide, and fluorine and chlorine element from slag material as slag, sample is put into rotary kiln, cover sample with from slag material simultaneously, converter is rotated back to the rotating speed of 10rpm/min, when passing into oxygen and propane burning gas, 20h at furnace temperature being remained on 1600 DEG C, period every two hours changes slag slag once, take out sample afterwards, observe and measure and corrode layer and permeation layer thickness, and take the corroding thickness of experimental example 2 and permeability-thickness as erosion ratio and the rate of permeation of 1 other samples of calculating.
Apparent porosity: record after 1600 DEG C of sintering 3h.
Folding strength: record after 1500 DEG C of sintering 2h.
Table 1
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
| Peel off rate (wt%) | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.4 |
| Resistance to fouling | 0.95 | 1 | 1.02 | 2.10 | 1.05 | 1.05 | 1.10 | 1.33 |
| Permeability resistance | 1.01 | 1 | 0.97 | 1.10 | 1.35 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.28 |
| Apparent porosity (%) | 15.8 | 15.4 | 15.2 | 17.1 | 17.6 | 18.5 | 16.2 | 15.9 |
| Folding strength (MPa) | 20 | 21 | 21 | 12 | 22 | 14 | 21 | 19 |
From the result in table 1, the addition of chromic oxide in aggregate, and the sintering temperature of aggregate and time, the performance all for mould material has material impact.
For hot-cracking resistance, chromic oxide needs fully to form sosoloid in aggregate, thus improves hot-cracking resistance, but the content of chromic oxide in aggregate is also unsuitable too high, otherwise mould material integrated oxidation chromium content can be caused higher, causes hot-cracking resistance to be deteriorated on the contrary.Correspondingly, the sintering temperature of aggregate and sintering time also must strict control, to ensure can form a considerable amount of sosoloid in aggregate but the chromic oxide of also remaining some amount.
For resistance to fouling, in order to make fully can to form sosoloid in mould material aggregate, and ensure the chromic oxide content of mould material entirety, to obtain excellent performance, the ratio of chromic oxide in aggregate can not be very few, but chromic oxide too much in aggregate can make the resistance to fouling of aggregate continuous solid solution too excellent and affect the resistance to fouling of mould material entirety, correspondingly, the sintering temperature of aggregate and sintering time also must strict control, to ensure can form a considerable amount of sosoloid in aggregate but the chromic oxide of also remaining some amount.
For permeability resistance, chromic oxide needs fully to form sosoloid in aggregate, to obtain low apparent porosity, thus raising permeability resistance, but the content of chromic oxide in aggregate is also unsuitable too high, otherwise mould material integrated oxidation chromium content can be caused higher, cause permeability resistance to be deteriorated on the contrary.Correspondingly, the sintering temperature of aggregate and sintering time also must strict control, to ensure can form a considerable amount of sosoloid in aggregate but the chromic oxide of also remaining some amount.
For intensity, chromic oxide needs fully to form sosoloid in aggregate, combines to realize better particle between mould material.
Analyzed from the above results, just based on the suitable proportioning raw materials of the application and preparation technology, obtain the cement-free castable of excellent performance, the harsh and unforgiving environments of field of metallurgy can be applicable to very well.
Claims (2)
1. a cement-free castable, it is prepared by following steps:
One), select aluminum oxide meal, silicon oxide fine powder and chromic oxide fine powder prepare mould material aggregate as raw material, wherein the granularity of aluminum oxide meal is less than 1mm, the granularity of silicon oxide fine powder is 10-20 μm, the granularity of chromic oxide fine powder is 1-2 μm, with the weight ratio of three for aluminum oxide meal: silicon oxide fine powder: chromic oxide fine powder=80: prepare burden at 5: 15, first aluminum oxide meal and chromic oxide fine powder are carried out pre-mixing, mixing time 20-30min, and then silicon oxide fine powder added in the powder after pre-mixing proceed mixing, mixing time 25-30min,
Two), the compound obtained is sintered 2-2.5h at 1540-1560 DEG C, then grinds, obtain the mould material aggregate that granularity is 2-3mm;
Three), with two) mould material aggregate total amount is 100 parts by weight in step, join the chromic oxide micro mist of 40-45 part again, the alumina powder of 5-10 part and the silicon carbide micro-powder of 3-5 part are as matrix, wherein the granularity of chromic oxide micro mist is 0.5-0.8 μm, the granularity of alumina powder is 3-6 μm, the granularity of silicon carbide micro-powder is 0.5-2 μm, aggregate and matrix are mixed, stir 30-60min mixing, then again with addition of the water of 3-5 part taking aggregate total amount as 100 parts by weight, continuation stirring 15-30min after vibration is poured mould into and is poured into a mould, the demoulding after placement 18-24h, be up to the standards and obtain finished product.
2. cement-free castable according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two) in step, sintering temperature is 1550 DEG C, sintering time 2.3h.
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 添加SiC对高温下铝铬体系中铬价态的影响;韩茂鲲等;《耐火材料》;20080415;第42卷(第2期);110-111 * |
| 铝铬质浇注料的研制和使用;朱秀英等;《耐火材料》;20021115;第32卷(第2期);84、86 * |
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Address after: 063009 Hebei province Tangshan City Xinhua West Road No. 46 Patentee after: North China Polytechnics Address before: 063009 Hebei province Tangshan City Xinhua West Road No. 46 Patentee before: Hebei United University |
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Effective date of registration: 20180408 Address after: 064000 Hebei province Tangshan City Fengrun silver Pu Zhen Yin Guan Tun Cun East Patentee after: Hebei Tianzhu iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 063009 Hebei province Tangshan City Xinhua West Road No. 46 Patentee before: North China Polytechnics |