CN103553441B - A kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material and construction mixing method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material and construction mixing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material, starting material comprise by mass percentage: mineral aggregate 90 ~ 97%, pitch 2.5 ~ 5%, pyrite 0.1 ~ 4%, cassiterite 0.1 ~ 4%, auxiliary agent 0.01 ~ 0.06%; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described cassiterite is cassiterite powder; Described auxiliary agent is the coupling agent such as silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent.Asphalt pavement material in the present invention has the temp auto-controlled function of highly significant, also have good heat concurrently to mix reduction of discharging, purify air and flame-retardant smoke inhibition effect simultaneously, pavement performance is good, there is good economic benefit and social benefit, be conducive to the construction of China's " resource-conserving " and " environmentally friendly " road.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pavement material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material and construction mixing method thereof.
Background technology
" 12 " period, resources conservation, environmental friendliness and energy-saving and emission-reduction are focused in Road construction more.In the asphalt pavement construction stage, discharge a large amount of gas and glance coal when hot-mix asphalt mixture mixes and stirs, workmen is healthy for severe contamination Air quality, harm; In the highway operation stage, the disease such as high temperature rut, cold cracking relevant with temperature accounts for more than 90% of Asphalt Pavement Damage, and the loss caused thus every year reaches over ten billion Yuan, and road surface summer high temperature phenomenon also can aggravate city " tropical island effect "; For tunnel or Channel Engineering, many employings at present have the bituminous concrete pavement of flammable properties, and due to space relative closure, its inside exists huge fire safety evaluating hidden danger, and only 2012 yearly correlation financial losses cross hundred million; Simultaneously because air in passage not easily scatters and disappears, vehicle exhaust has become the primary pollution source of tunnel internal.Above-mentioned problems serious environment pollution, aggravation city " tropical island effect ", harm traffic safety, affect service life of road surface, bring tremendous economic lose, become restrict China develop low-carbon (LC), green traffic transport system bottleneck.
Therefore, be extremely necessary to research and develop possess temp auto-controlled, heat mixes reduction of discharging, purify air and the asphalt pavement material of the function such as flame-retardant smoke inhibition, to improve highway, tunnel construction environment and the environment for use on road surface, performance and safety after being completed.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the problems referred to above, provides a kind of and has good self-regulating performance, mix reduction of discharging with good heat, purifies air and the asphalt pavement material of the performance such as flame-retardant smoke inhibition.This asphalt pavement material can reduce pavement temperature 5 ~ 10 DEG C summer, pavement temperature 3 ~ 5 DEG C can be improved winter, reduce pitch asphalt mixture heat and mix pollutant emission more than 50% in process, Air quality more than 50% in purification tunnel, in addition, after adding the mixture of pyritic ashes and/or cassiterite powder and auxiliary agent, this Modified Bitumen Pavement material shortened greatly based on the combustion time of marshal piece combustion test, after burning, mass loss significantly reduces, and flame retardant properties improves greatly.Meanwhile, this asphalt pavement material is with low cost, easy construction, has good society, economy and environment benefit, is conducive to the construction of the environmentally friendly and resource-conserving road of China.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material, and its mass percent is:
Mineral aggregate 90 ~ 97%, pitch 2.5 ~ 5%, pyrite 0.1 ~ 4%, cassiterite 0.1 ~ 4%, auxiliary agent 0.01 ~ 0.06%,
Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent coupling agent, its objective is the surfactivity of raising pyrite/cassiterite powder, thus improves the consistency between pitch and pyrite/cassiterite powder, and mass percent sum is 100%.
Above-mentioned a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material, preferred version is by mass percentage: raw materials quality per-cent optimum ratio is: mineral aggregate 94 ~ 96%, pitch 3.5 ~ 4.9%, pyrite 0.3 ~ 0.8%, cassiterite 0.2 ~ 0.6%, auxiliary agent 0.02 ~ 0.04%, raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Above-mentioned a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material, preferred plan is by mass percentage: mineral aggregate 94.41%, pitch 4.72%, pyrite 0.47%, cassiterite 0.37%, auxiliary agent 0.03%.
Above-mentioned a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material, according to following technological step:
Step one: according to following raw material and mass percent selective reaction raw material thereof;
Step 2: add after pyrite/cassiterite powder is dried in the coupling agent treatment liquid by ethanol as solvent and soak 2 hours, gentle agitation in immersion process, the pyrite/cassiterite powder properties-correcting agent of obtained surface modification after drying;
Step 3: basic asphalt is heated to 150 ± 5 DEG C, pyrite after surface modification/cassiterite powder is joined in the pitch of molten state, high speed shear instrument is adopted to stir 5 minutes with the rotating speed of 500rpm, stir 40 minutes with the rotating speed of 3000rpm again, can obtain that there is heat and mix the modifying asphalt reduced discharging with flame-retardant smoke inhibition function.
Step 4: by prepare in step 3 have heat mix reduce discharging be heated to 140 DEG C-170 DEG C with the modifying asphalt of flame-retardant smoke inhibition function after join in the mineral aggregate of 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C and mix and stir 90 seconds, then pyrite/cassiterite the powder simultaneously adding surface modification mix 90 seconds again, then can obtain through molding procedure and there is heat mix the asphalt pavement material reduced discharging with flame-retardant smoke inhibition function.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, low-carbon environment-friendly asphalt pavement material of the present invention has good self-regulating performance, pavement temperature 5 ~ 10 DEG C can be reduced summer, pavement temperature 3 ~ 5 DEG C can be improved winter, greatly alleviate the city " tropical island effect " due to bituminous pavement heat absorption aggravation and bituminous pavement winter low temperature cracking phenomena.
2, low-carbon environment-friendly asphalt pavement material of the present invention has good heat and mixes reduction of discharging effect, hot-mix asphalt mixture can be reduced mix and stir and dusty gas quantity discharged more than 50% in paving process, improve asphalt pavement construction environment, be conducive to the healthy of workmen.
3, low-carbon environment-friendly asphalt pavement material of the present invention has the good performance that purifies air, and can purify Air quality more than 50% in tunnel.
4, asphalt of the present invention is carried out high temperature Rut resistance, anti-low-temperature cracking and water stability testing respectively according to the relevant code of China " highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment code " (JTGE20-2011), test-results shows that the dynamic stability of asphalt pavement material of the present invention, breaking strain, residual stability and freeze-thaw split retained strength are than the relevant regulations all met in " highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment code " (JTGE20-2011).
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
A kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement of the present invention material mineral aggregate comprises grouan, basalt, diabase or the limestone that particle diameter is 0.075mm ~ 16mm, and particle diameter is less than the limestone powder of 0.075mm, and specific embodiment is as follows.
Embodiment 1
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 96.8%, pitch 2.9%, pyrite 0.2%, cassiterite 0.097%, auxiliary agent 0.003%; Described pitch is matrix pitch; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes, and described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent, its objective is the surfactivity improving agalmatolite, thus improves the consistency between pitch and agalmatolite; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 2
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 96.8%, pitch 2.9%, pyrite 0.297%, auxiliary agent 0.003%; Described pitch is SBS modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 3
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 96.8%, pitch 2.9%, cassiterite 0.297%, auxiliary agent 0.003%; Described pitch is SBR modifying asphalt; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze, and described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100.
Embodiment 4
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 92.63%, pitch 7.16%, pyrite 0.1%, cassiterite 0.09%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is natural rubber modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 5
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 92.63%, pitch 7.16%, pyrite 0.19%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is SBS modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 6
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 92.63%, pitch 7.16%, cassiterite 0.19%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is the modified modified pitch of SBR; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent.
Embodiment 7
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 96.18%, pitch 3.3%, pyrite 0.3%, cassiterite 0.2%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is SBS modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent.
Embodiment 8
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 96.18%, pitch 3.3%, pyrite 0.5%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is SBR modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 9
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 96.18%, pitch 3.3%, cassiterite 0.5%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is SBR modifying asphalt; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 10
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 93.85%, pitch 5.17%, pyrite 0.56%, cassiterite 0.40%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is SBS modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 11
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 93.85%, pitch 5.17%, pyrite 0.96%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is SBS modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 12
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 93.85%, pitch 5.17%, cassiterite 0.96%, auxiliary agent 0.02%; Described pitch is SBS modifying asphalt; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 13
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 94.41%, pitch 4.72%, pyrite 0.47%, cassiterite 0.37%, auxiliary agent 0.03%; Described pitch is SBS modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 14
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 94.41%, pitch 4.72%, pyrite 0.84%, auxiliary agent 0.03%; Described pitch is SBR modifying asphalt; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
Embodiment 15
The low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present embodiment, comprises by mass percentage:
Mineral aggregate 94.41%, pitch 4.72%, cassiterite 0.84%, auxiliary agent 0.03%; Described pitch is SBR modifying asphalt; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent; Raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
One, pavement performance
Carry out high-temperature rutting test, low-temperature bending test (-10 DEG C), indirect tensile test on frozen-thaw and immersion Marshall test according to " highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment code " (JTGE20-2011) to the asphalt of the above embodiment of the present invention, test-results is in table 1.
Table 1 low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture pavement performance test result
As can be seen from Table 1, the indexs such as all kinds High Temperature Stability of Asphalt Mixture of the present invention, low-temperature performance, water stabilizing, all far away higher than " standard specification for construction and acceptance of highway asphalt pavement " (JTGF40-2004) associated specifications, show that the pavement performance of asphalt of the present invention is superior.
Two, self-regulating performance
Self-regulating performance research is carried out to low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present invention, the test analysis cooling-down effect of low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture in high temperature environments compared with plain asphalt compound, the temp auto-controlled modified asphalt mixture heat accumulation effect in low temperature environment compared with plain asphalt compound, test-results is as shown in table 2 and table 3.
The cooling-down effect (DEG C) of table 2 low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material in hot environment
| Time | 11:00 | 12：00 | 13：00 | 14：00 | 15：00 |
| Free air temperature | 31.8 | 34.2 | 35.4 | 35.6 | 35.3 |
| Embodiment 1 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 4.9 |
| Embodiment 4 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 8.9 | 9.8 | 7.3 |
| Embodiment 5 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 8.6 | 9.6 | 8.0 |
| Embodiment 6 | 4.3 | 5.6 | 8.4 | 9.7 | 8.1 |
| Embodiment 7 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 7.9 | 8.8 | 8.3 |
| Embodiment 8 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 7.5 |
| Embodiment 9 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 7.4 | 8.7 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 10 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 8.9 | 9.8 | 7.3 |
| Embodiment 11 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 8.6 | 9.6 | 8.0 |
| Embodiment 12 | 4.3 | 5.6 | 8.4 | 9.7 | 8.1 |
| Embodiment 13 | 4.9 | 5.9 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 8.5 |
| Embodiment 14 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 8.8 | 9.9 | 8.3 |
| Embodiment 15 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 8.9 | 9.8 | 8.1 |
Table 3 low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material heat accumulation effect (DEG C) at low temperatures
Low-carbon environment-friendly asphalt pavement material of the present invention has good self-regulating performance, pavement temperature 5 ~ 10 DEG C can be reduced summer, pavement temperature 3 ~ 5 DEG C can be improved winter, greatly alleviate the city " tropical island effect " due to bituminous pavement heat absorption aggravation and bituminous pavement winter low temperature cracking phenomena.
Three, heat mixes reduction performance
The asphalt smoke concentration of low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present invention is tested, probe temperature is respectively 160 DEG C and 180 DEG C, and calculate low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present invention and do not add pyrite and/or the reduction of discharging rate of cassiterite compared with the asphalt asphalt smoke concentration of auxiliary agent, the results are shown in Table 4.Wherein, the method for calculation of reduction of discharging rate are:
Asphalt smoke concentration × 100% of reduction of discharging rate=(asphalt smoke concentration of the asphalt smoke concentration-low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of basic asphalt compound)/basic asphalt asphalt
Above-mentioned basic asphalt compound refers to the asphalt not adding pyrite and/or cassiterite and/or auxiliary agent, comprises generic media asphalt, SBS modified asphalt mixture, SBR modified asphalt mixture and natural rubber modified asphalt mixture etc.
The asphalt smoke concentration of table 4 low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture and reduction of discharging rate
As can be seen from Table 4, the heat that low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material of the present invention has highly significant mixes reduction of discharging function, can effectively reduce mix and stir, the burst size of paving process medium pitch cigarette and waste gas.
Four, purify air performance
Prepare low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture rut plate test specimen, be positioned in airtight tails assay equipment, pass into vehicle exhaust, adopt the content of each composition of exhaust analyzer test tail gas, research this law, the performance that purifies air of the modified asphalt mixture of material of the present invention.Test-results is as shown in table 5.
Table 5 low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture purifies air ratio (%)
Can be obtained by table 5, low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture of the present invention can effective NO in purifying automobile tail gas
x, HC compound, CO
2with gases such as CO, wherein to NO
xpurification efficiency the most obvious, purification ratio reaches as high as 84.3%, shows that asphalt pavement material of the present invention purifies air Be very effective.
Five, flame retarding and smoke suppressing properties
For evaluating the flame-retardant smoke inhibition effect of asphalt pavement material of the present invention, carried out combustion test respectively to basic asphalt compound and the marshal piece of the low-carbon environment-friendly modified asphalt mixture adding pyritic ashes and/or cassiterite powder and agent mixture, concrete test-results is in table 9.
Table 9 low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material flame retarding and smoke suppressing properties
| Tested object | Combustion time (s) | Mass loss (g) |
| Generic media asphalt | 128 | 3.3 |
| SBS modified asphalt mixture | 119 | 3.1 |
| SBR modified asphalt mixture | 117 | 3.2 |
| Natural rubber modified asphalt mixture | 129 | 3.5 |
| Embodiment 1 | 109 | 2.7 |
| Embodiment 2 | 111 | 2.6 |
| Embodiment 3 | 110 | 2.7 |
| Embodiment 4 | 107 | 2.6 |
| Embodiment 5 | 108 | 2.5 |
| Embodiment 6 | 109 | 2.4 |
| Embodiment 7 | 107 | 2.2 |
| Embodiment 8 | 105 | 2.4 |
| Embodiment 9 | 108 | 2.5 |
| Embodiment 10 | 105 | 2.3 |
| Embodiment 11 | 102 | 2.1 |
| Embodiment 12 | 103 | 2.2 |
| Embodiment 13 | 100 | 1.9 |
| Embodiment 14 | 101 | 2.0 |
| Embodiment 15 | 102 | 2.1 |
As can be seen from above test result, in above-described embodiment, the combustion time of the marshal piece of several low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material and the mass loss after burning all are significantly less than basic asphalt compound, show that medium pitch ground surface material of the present invention has good flame-retardant smoke inhibition effect.
The above analysis can be found out, asphalt pavement material of the present invention not only have good pavement performance also have excellent comprise reduce pavement temperature, heat mixes reduction of discharging, purify air and the multiple environment effect such as flame-retardant smoke inhibition.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not any restriction is done to the present invention, every above embodiment is done according to invention technical spirit any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material, it is characterized in that, this Modified Bitumen Pavement material is made up of the raw material of following mass percent: mineral aggregate 90 ~ 97%, pitch 2.5 ~ 5%, pyrite 0.1 ~ 4%, cassiterite 0.1 ~ 4%, auxiliary agent 0.01 ~ 0.06%, each raw materials quality per-cent sum is 100%; Described pyrite is pyritic ashes; Described cassiterite is cassiterite breeze; Described auxiliary agent is silane coupling agent or titanate coupling agent; Described pitch is matrix pitch, SBS modifying asphalt, SBR modifying asphalt or natural rubber modifying asphalt.
2. low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: raw materials quality per-cent optimum ratio is: mineral aggregate 94 ~ 96%, pitch 3.5 ~ 4.9%, pyrite 0.3 ~ 0.8%, cassiterite 0.2 ~ 0.6%, auxiliary agent 0.02 ~ 0.04%, raw material quality per-cent sum is 100%.
3. a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, raw material optimum ratio is: mineral aggregate 94.41%, pitch 4.72%, pyrite 0.47%, cassiterite 0.37%, auxiliary agent 0.03%.
4. prepare a method for the low-carbon environment-friendly Modified Bitumen Pavement material described in claim 1-3 any one claim, it is characterized in that, according to following technological step:
Step one: according to raw material and mass percent selective reaction raw material thereof;
Step 2: add after pyrite/cassiterite powder is dried in the coupling agent treatment liquid by ethanol as solvent and soak 2 hours, gentle agitation in immersion process, the pyrite/cassiterite powder properties-correcting agent of obtained surface modification after drying;
Step 3: basic asphalt is heated to 150 ± 5 DEG C, pyrite after surface modification/cassiterite powder is joined in the pitch of molten state, high speed shear instrument is adopted to stir 5 minutes with the rotating speed of 500rpm, stir 40 minutes with the rotating speed of 3000rpm again, can obtain that there is heat and mix the modifying asphalt reduced discharging with flame-retardant smoke inhibition function;
Step 4: by prepare in step 3 have heat mix reduce discharging be heated to 140 DEG C-170 DEG C with the modifying asphalt of flame-retardant smoke inhibition function after join in the mineral aggregate of 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C and mix and stir 90 seconds, then pyrite/cassiterite the powder simultaneously adding surface modification mix 90 seconds again, then can obtain through molding procedure and there is heat mix the asphalt pavement material reduced discharging with flame-retardant smoke inhibition function.
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| CN104355569B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-03-30 | 长安大学 | A kind of composite modified asphalt concrete |
| CN114195428A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-18 | 上海浦东路桥(集团)有限公司 | Asphalt mixture with high heating efficiency and preparation method thereof |
| CN115010408B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-01-24 | 中铁四局集团第一工程有限公司 | Tunnel composite surface layer upper surface layer mixture and production method thereof |
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