CN103552610B - A kind of automotive openings component and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of automotive openings component and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103552610B CN103552610B CN201310582706.9A CN201310582706A CN103552610B CN 103552610 B CN103552610 B CN 103552610B CN 201310582706 A CN201310582706 A CN 201310582706A CN 103552610 B CN103552610 B CN 103552610B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of automotive openings components and preparation method thereof.Specifically, the automotive openings component is made of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin or thermoset ting resin composite.It is made up of composite material process planning of fiber preform body, and the fiber preform body has one or more weft fiber preform sub-layers, and the profile of the profile and the component of the weft fiber preform sub-layer essentially coincides；The fiber preform body has one or more warp fiber preform sub-layers, and the profile of the warp fiber preform sub-layer and the profile of the weft fiber preform sub-layer essentially coincide.Product of the present invention and method have many advantages, such as that high-strength light, energy conservation and environmental protection, of low cost, shaping efficiency is high, can mass continuous automatic production, have very wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to auto industrys and field of compound material, and in particular, to a kind of fibre reinforced composites automobile
Opening part and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Greenhouse effects due to global warming and the energy crisis that becomes increasingly conspicuous, it is energy saving to become countries in the world automobile with environmentally friendly
The most important proposition that industry faces.Automotive light weight technology technology is to save the energy for new-energy automobile and traditional combustion engine automobile and disappear
Consumption, reduces one of effective technical way of environmental pollution.Fibre reinforced composites have high specific strength, high ratio modulus, anti-tired
A series of excellent properties such as labor, corrosion-resistant, designability be strong, have become the lightweight mainstream technology of auto industry field in recent years
Trend.
Currently, World Main Auto manufacturer all uses fibrous composite in large quantities in future automobile technology blueprint,
Especially carbon fibre composite, to realize the breakthrough of lightweight and Gao Bi performance matter.Ford is studies have shown that rationally design
Composite material parts can be reduced to 80%, processing charges reduces by 60% with respect to steel, bonds the opposite welding reduction of expense 25%
To 40%, and composite structure shows fabulous toughness and anti-collision performance.If authoritative studies have shown that vehicle complete vehicle weight
10% is reduced, fuel efficiency can be improved 6% -8%；Automobile kerb weight often reduces 100 kilograms, and fuel consumption per hundred kilometers can reduce by 0.3-
0.6 liter.In terms of driving performance and crashworthiness, acceleration improves after automotive light weight technology, and braking distance reduces, collision
When inertia reduce, vehicle control sensitivity, stability also have improvement in terms of noise and vibration.
Currently, continuous fiber reinforced composite materials product is gradually succeeded on automobile, application is still mainly used in
Substitute the metal component, such as back box lid, ceiling, collision prevention girders etc. of non-big opening/windowing class.To the component with opening/window type,
Especially structure member, such as vehicle side are prepared using conventional fabric and need, in windowing position cut staple, to cause
The serious stress concentration in part, greatly reduces the bearing capacity of composite structure, the performance that cannot be satisfied vehicle side is wanted
It asks.
In conclusion it is simple there is an urgent need in the art to develop a kind of preparation method, it avoids interrupting fiber at windowing position,
And have excellent performance, it is at low cost under, the high automotive openings component of shaping efficiency.
Invention content
The present invention technical purpose be in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, provide one kind have excellent performance, cost
Lowly, the high automotive openings component and preparation method thereof of shaping efficiency.
In first aspect present invention, provide a kind of automotive openings component, the automotive openings component by fiber in advance at
Type body is made up of composite material process planning, and
The fiber preform body has one or more weft fiber preform sub-layers, and the weft fiber
The profile of preform sub-layer and the profile of the component essentially coincide；And
The fiber preform body has one or more warp fiber preform sub-layers, and the warp fiber
The profile of preform sub-layer and the profile of the weft fiber preform sub-layer essentially coincide.
In another preferred example, the automotive openings component is the component for having opening/windowing, wherein described opens
The area S1 of mouth/windowing is 12cm2≤S1≤2m2。
In another preferred example, the gabarit sectional area S2 of the component is 30cm2≤S2≤4m2。
In another preferred example, the area S1 of the opening/windowing：Gabarit sectional area S2=1/10-19/20, preferably
1/5-9/10 is accounted for, 1/3-7/8 is more preferably accounted for, most preferably accounts for 1/2-4/5.
In another preferred example, the automotive openings component is vehicle side component.
In another preferred example, the overall shape of the warp fiber preform sub-layer and automotive openings component shape phase
It is same or similar.
In another preferred example, the fiber track of the weft fiber preform sub-layer and/or overall shape and vapour
Vehicle opening part is similar or identical.
In another preferred example, every layer of the warp fiber preform sub-layer is made of 1-100 root fibers, preferably
It is made of 1-20 root fibers, is more preferably made of 1-5 root fibers, be most preferably made of 1 fiber.
The warp fiber preform sub-layer has the warp fiber axis intersected with weft fiber direction.Preferably,
The warp fiber number of axle of every layer of warp fiber preform sub-layer is 10~10,000,000, preferably 15-1000 roots.
In another preferred example, press opening circumference calculating, the warp fiber axis of warp fiber preform sub-layer it is close
Degree is usually 3-50 roots/cm, preferably 5-25 roots/cm.
In another preferred example, the fiber preform body includes multiple warp fiber preform sub-layers and multiple broadwises
Fiber preform body sub-layer.
In another preferred example, the orientation of the warp fiber axis of each warp fiber preform sub-layer can be identical, can
With difference.For example, first layer is orientated 45 degree, the second layer is orientated -45 degree.
In another preferred example, the orientation of each warp fiber axis in each warp fiber preform sub-layer can phase
It together, can be different.For example, being oriented to 45 degree and -45 degree.
In another preferred example, the warp fiber axis has identical or basic phase in each position of automotive openings component
Same distribution density.
In another preferred example, the warp fiber axis has different distributions in each position of automotive openings component
Density.
In another preferred example, the warp fiber axis can be straight line, curve, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred example, every layer of weft fiber preform sub-layer is made of 1-100 root fibers, preferably by 1-20
Root fiber is constituted, and is more preferably made of 1-5 root fibers, is most preferably made of 1 fiber.
In another preferred example, the weft fiber preform sub-layer is annularly laid outward by center.Preferably,
The general shape of the weft fiber preform sub-layer can be circle, subcircular, ellipse, close oval or spiral yarn shaped,
Or combinations thereof, it is preferably spiral yarn shaped, and the fiber number of turns of each layer of weft fiber preform sub-layer is 3~2,000 circle.
In another preferred example, the fiber preform body is by 1-20 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-20 layers
Weft fiber preform sub-layer forms, more preferably pre- by 1-10 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-10 layers of weft fiber
Formed body sub-layer forms, most preferably by 1-5 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-5 layers of weft fiber preform sub-layer group
At.
In another preferred example, in the fiber preform body, the warp fiber preform sub-layer and institute
The quantity for the weft fiber preform sub-layer stated is identical.
In another preferred example, in the fiber preform body, the warp fiber preform sub-layer and institute
The quantity for the weft fiber preform sub-layer stated is different.
In another preferred example, the fiber preform body is cyclic annular or near-ring shape, and the fiber preform body
Sectional area accounts for the 1/20-9/10 of the component gabarit sectional area, preferably accounts for 1/10-4/5, more preferably accounts for 1/8-2/3, most preferably
Account for 1/5-1/2.
In another preferred example, the ring-type or the middle part of near-ring shape finger or fiber preform body have hole,
And the sectional area in the hole accounts for 1/3 or more of the sectional area of the component gabarit.
In another preferred example, the ring-type, which refers to center, the structure of opening, it is preferable that the ring-type includes circle
Ring, elliptical ring, Q-RING, triangular loop, polygon ring or irregular shape ring.
In another preferred example, the outer contour shape of the fiber preform body is selected from the group：Circle, ellipse, side
Shape, triangle, polygon or irregular shape.
In another preferred example, the opening shape is selected from the group：Circle, oval, rectangular, triangle, polygon
Or irregular shape.
In another preferred example, the volume of the fiber preform body accounts for the 1/4-2/3 of the total volume of the component.
In another preferred example, the fiber preform body is by 1-20 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-20 layers
Weft fiber preform sub-layer forms, more preferably pre- by 1-10 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-10 layers of weft fiber
Formed body sub-layer forms, most preferably by 1-5 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-5 layers of weft fiber preform sub-layer group
At.
In another preferred example, the fiber preform body of the automotive openings component is at least preforming by 1 layer of warp fiber
Body sub-layer and 1 layer of weft fiber preform sub-layer form fiber preform body single layer.
In another preferred example, the automotive openings element fiber preform has at least one fiber preform body
Single layer.
In another preferred example, the fiber preform body is made of 1-20 root fibre bundles, preferably by 1-10 roots
Fibre bundle forms, and is more preferably made of 1-5 root fibre bundles, is most preferably made of a fibre bundle.
In another preferred example, the fibre bundle is the fiber group of one or more fiber composition, and the fibre
Dimension group includes an at least reinforcing fiber.
In another preferred example, the reinforcing fiber includes fiber selected from the group below：Carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass
Fiber, basalt fibre, natural fiber, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred example, the reinforcing fiber is the reinforcing fiber of pre-soaked resin.
In another preferred example, the reinforcing fiber is the reinforcing fiber of non-resin pickup.
In another preferred example, the resin is thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
In another preferred example, further include thermoplastic resin fibre in the fibre bundle.
In another preferred example, the fibre bundle or mix for what reinforcing fiber and thermoplastic resin fibre formed
Fiber.
In another preferred example, the thermoplastic resin fibre is crystalline or amorphous resin fiber, preferably, institute
The thermoplastic resin fibre stated is selected from the group：Polypropylene, polyamide, polylactic acid, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide, gathers polyethylene
Acid imide, polyether-ether-ketone, or combinations thereof.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation side of automotive openings component as described in the first aspect of the invention
Method, the method includes the steps：
Fiber preform body is prepared according to the shape, size and stressing conditions of component；
Obtained fiber preform body is placed in the mold of target product, institute is made by composite material process planning
The component stated.
In another preferred example, fiber orientation design is carried out to the fiber preform body.
In another preferred example, the design process includes：Force analysis is carried out to the component, determines the component
It is primarily subjected to direction and the size of load, and the geometry of bonded block and size design fiber preform body, make fibre
Fiber orientation and the stress of the component carrying direction for tieing up preform are consistent or almost the same, shape, size, thickness and component phase
Matching.
In another preferred example, the moulding process is selected from the group：Liquid composite molding technique, autoclave
Moulding process, hot press forming technology or, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred example, when not including thermoplastic resin fibre in the fibre bundle, the molding work
Skill is composite liquid molding process, autoclave forming process, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred example, when the fibre bundle includes thermoplastic resin fibre, the moulding process
For hot press forming technology.
The third aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of automobile, and the automobile has as described in the first aspect of the invention
Opening part.
In another preferred example, the opening part is vehicle side component.
In another preferred example, the opening part is roof of the vehicle component.
In another preferred example, the opening part is automobile windowing component.
In another preferred example, the opening position of the component is inlaid with glass.
Fourth aspect present invention, provides a kind of fiber preform body, the fiber preform body be used to prepare as
The fiber preform body of component described in first aspect present invention.
It should be understood that within the scope of the present invention, above-mentioned each technical characteristic of the invention and have in below (eg embodiment)
It can be combined with each other between each technical characteristic of body description, to form a new or preferred technical solution.As space is limited, exist
This no longer tires out one by one states.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is vehicle side three-dimensional model diagram.
Fig. 2 is the fiber track schematic diagram of the warp fiber preform of vehicle side fiber preform.
Fig. 3 is the fiber track schematic diagram of the weft fiber preform of vehicle side fiber preform.
Fig. 4 is the fiber track schematic diagram of second of warp fiber preform of vehicle side fiber preform.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that Composites Molding Techniques make vehicle side.
Wherein digital representation is：1 is lower mold, 2 be releasing agent, 3 be fiber preform, 4 be sealing joint strip, 5 be upper mold
Tool.
Fig. 6 is the carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material vehicle side prepared.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of vehicle side fiber preform body, wherein dark gray section indicates fiber preform body, shallow
Grey parts indicate the hole in the middle part of fiber preform body.
Fig. 8 is roof of the vehicle three-dimensional model diagram.
Fig. 9 is the fiber track schematic diagram of the warp fiber preform of roof of the vehicle fiber preform body.
Figure 10 is the fiber track schematic diagram of the weft fiber preform of roof of the vehicle fiber preform body.
Specific implementation mode
The present inventor's in-depth study by long-term, has been surprisingly found that the preparation method of vehicle side, can use for the first time
Fibre bundle directly prepares vehicle side, avoid opening position interrupt fiber, have high-strength light, energy conservation and environmental protection, it is at low cost under,
The advantages that shaping efficiency is high has very wide application prospect, it can be achieved that mass continuous automatic production.On this basis
Inventor completes the present invention.
Term
As used herein, term " sectional area of fiber preform body " indicates the area of dark gray section as shown in Figure 7；
Term " component void area " indicates the area of bright gray parts as shown in Figure 7；Term " component gabarit sectional area " indicates such as
Dark gray section area+bright gray parts area shown in Fig. 7.
Term " automotive openings component " refers to the automobile component with opening, trepanning or fenestration.
Term " fibre bundle " refers to the fiber group of one or more fiber composition, wherein forms each fiber of fibre bundle
Length can be same or similar.In the present invention, preferred fibre bundle includes an at least reinforcing fiber.
Fiber preform body
The present invention provides a kind of fiber preform body, the fiber preform body can be used for by composite material at
Type technique prepares automotive openings component.Wherein, the preform includes at least one warp fiber being superimposed
Preform sub-layer and at least one weft fiber preform sub-layer.
Wherein, the mode that stacks of warp fiber preform sub-layer and weft fiber preform sub-layer can be arbitrary
, such as can be that " warp fiber preform sub-layer → weft fiber preform sub-layer → warp fiber preform is sub-
Layer ", or " warp fiber preform sub-layer → warp fiber preform sub-layer → weft fiber preform sub-layer → warp
To fiber preform body sub-layer " etc..
As used herein, term " warp fiber preform sub-layer " refer in the fiber preform body fiber orientation with
The fibrous layer that weft fiber direction intersects.
In general, each warp fiber preform sub-layer has multiple warp fiber axis.Each warp fiber axis can refer to
To or be primarily directed to and converge at the center or central area of opening.
Although in same warp fiber preform sub-layer, the orientation of each warp fiber axis (or formed with open edge
Corner dimension) can be identical or different, but preferably it is identical or essentially identical.
In addition, when containing multiple warp fiber preform sub-layers, the warp-wise of each warp fiber preform sub-layer is fine
The orientation for tieing up axis can be identical, can be different.For example, first layer is orientated 45 degree, the second layer is orientated -45 degree.
In each warp fiber preform sub-layer, the orientation of each warp fiber axis can also be identical or different.Example
Such as, being oriented to 45 degree and -45 for warp fiber axis spends (as shown in Figure 4).
In the present invention, the quantity of warp fiber axis is not particularly limited, and generally depends on the size of opening with component
Size.Generally, the circumference calculating of opening is pressed, the density of the warp fiber axis of warp fiber layers is usually 3-50 roots/cm, preferably
For 5-25 roots/cm.
In another preferred example, the warp fiber number of axle of each layer of warp fiber layers is 10~10,000,000, compared with
It is 15-1000 roots goodly.In the present invention, every layer of warp fiber preform sub-layer can be made of one or more fiber, compared with
It is made of goodly a fiber, i.e. all warp fiber axis in a warp fiber preform sub-layer are by single fiber shape
At.It is highly preferred that multiple or all warp fiber preform sub-layers are made of a fiber.
As used herein, term " weft fiber preform sub-layer " refers in fiber preform body of the invention, and fiber is walked
To the fibrous layer parallel or substantially parallel with the outer profile of opening part.
In the present invention, the general shape of the weft fiber preform can be annular or near-ring shape.Weft fiber
Preform can be closed (as round), can also be not closed (such as spiral shape).Preferably, the broadwise of the present invention is fine
The fiber shape for tieing up preform is spiral shape.
In the present invention, the number of turns of weft fiber preform is not particularly limited, and generally depends on the shape, big of device
The factors such as small, required intensity.Generally, in the fiber preform body, the fibre of the weft fiber preform sub-layer
It is usually 1-50 roots/cm, preferably 3-25 roots/cm to tie up the number of turns.
In another preferred example, the fiber number of turns of each layer of weft fiber preform sub-layer is 3~2,000 circle.
In the present invention, weft fiber preform sub-layer can be made of one or more fiber, preferably by a fibre
Dimension is constituted, i.e. all weft fibers in a weft fiber preform sub-layer form (especially spiral shape by single fiber
Weft fiber preform sub-layer).
It is highly preferred that multiple or all weft fiber preform sub-layers are made of a fiber.
In the present invention, a kind of particularly preferred mode is that multiple or all warp fibers in opening part are preforming
What body sub-layer and weft fiber preform sub-layer were all made of a fiber.In this way so that all fibers in opening part
Preform is continuous, so as to significantly improve intensity.
The number of plies of the fiber preform body can change according to size, the thickness of product.In the preferred of the present invention
In example, the fiber preform body is sub- by 1-20 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-20 layers of weft fiber preform
Layer composition, is more preferably made of 1-10 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-10 layers of weft fiber preform sub-layer, most
It is made of goodly 1-5 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 1-5 layers of weft fiber preform sub-layer.
In the present invention, the warp fiber preform sub-layer number and weft fiber that the fiber preform body has in advance at
Type body sub-layer number can be identical or different.Preferably, according to the design stressing conditions of component, mechanical property and important etc. can want
It asks and determines warp fiber preform sub-layer number and weft fiber preform sub-layer number, such as：2 layers of warp fiber preform are sub-
Layer and 2 layers of weft fiber preform sub-layer or 3 layers of warp fiber preform sub-layer and 2 layers of weft fiber preform are sub-
Layer etc..
Automotive openings component
The present invention also provides a kind of automotive openings component, the automotive openings component is with above-mentioned fiber preform
Prepared by body.
The automotive openings component refers to the component for having opening/windowing, the size of the component and opening/windowing
Size is according to the purposes of component, depending on the factors such as vehicle, in general, the area S1 of the opening/windowing is 12cm2≤S1≤
2m2。
The volume (or gabarit sectional area) of the component is not particularly limited, and can prepare portion of corresponding size as needed
Part, in general, the gabarit sectional area S2 of the component is 30cm2≤S2≤4m2。
Preferably, the area S1 of the opening/windowing：Gabarit sectional area S2=1/10-19/20, preferably accounts for 1/5-9/
10,1/3-7/8 is more preferably accounted for, 1/2-4/5 is most preferably accounted for.
Preferably, the automotive openings component is that the fiber preform body is prepared by composite material process planning
, such as liquid composite molding technique, autoclave forming process, hot press forming technology.
In another preferred example, the component is prepared by method comprising the following steps：
Fiber preform body is prepared according to the shape, size and stressing conditions of component；
Obtained fiber preform body is placed in the mold of target product, institute is made by composite material process planning
The component stated.
In another preferred example, fiber orientation design is carried out to the fiber preform body.
In another preferred example, the design process includes：Force analysis is carried out to the component, determines the component
Be primarily subjected to direction and the size of load, and the geometry of bonded block, size and structural requirement design fiber in advance at
Type body keeps the fiber orientation of fiber preform body and the stress of component carrying direction consistent or almost the same, shape, size, thickness
Degree matches with component.
The automotive openings component can be the arbitrary component with big opening, such as vehicle side, car roof, vehicle window
Deng.
Main advantages of the present invention include：
(1) automotive openings component made from automotive openings component preparation method using the present invention, both maintains opening portion
The performances such as rigidity, the intensity of part, and 50% or more loss of weight is realized compared with metal automobile opening part, and mechanical property is excellent
It is different, achieve the purpose that fuel-saving environmental protection.
(2) automotive openings component preparation method of the invention, each step can be achieved serialization and produce automatically, and production efficiency is big
It is big to improve, it is suitble to industrialized production.
(3) product made from automotive openings component preparation method of the invention is net body, is almost not necessarily to trimming, can be saved big
The finishing time of amount.
(4) automotive openings component of the invention avoids and interrupts fiber at windowing position, is prepared with fabric is used
Automotive openings component is compared, and mechanical property greatly improves.
(5) automotive openings element fiber preform of the invention is laid using fibre bundle, is nearly free from fibre
The waste of dimension greatly reduces the cost of raw material when in particular by expensive carbon fiber.
With reference to specific implementation, the present invention is further explained.It should be understood that these embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and
It is not used in and limits the scope of the invention.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, usually according to normal condition,
Or according to the normal condition proposed by manufacturer.Unless otherwise stated, otherwise percentage and number are calculated by weight.Except non-specifically saying
Bright, the raw materials used in the present invention is commercially available.
The preparation method of 1 fibre reinforced epoxy composite material vehicle side of embodiment
Material：The beautiful T700-12K continuous carbon fibres tow in east and epoxy-resin systems (167 A of EpoTech：EpoTech
175 B=100:21)
Step 1：The fiber track of vehicle side fiber preform body designs
Shape, size and the stressing conditions of vehicle side according to figure 1, design fibre as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4
Tie up track.Single layer a fiber tracks are preforming by warp-wise track preform layer as shown in Figure 2 and broadwise track shown in Fig. 3
Body layer is formed by stacking, single layer b warp-wise track preform layers as shown in Figure 4 and broadwise track preform layer shown in Fig. 3
It is formed by stacking.
Step 2：The preparation of vehicle side fiber preform
Carbon fibre tow is fixed on ground using suture and is made by according to fig. 2, Fig. 3, fiber track shown in Fig. 4
Three single layer vehicle side fiber preform bodies, wherein first and third single layer use single layer a structures, the second single layer use single layer
B structures, it is that vehicle side fiber preform body is for use that three single layer fibre preforms, which are overlapped laying,.
Step 3：The preparation of vehicle side
According to Fig.5, vehicle side fiber preform body is put into mold, passes through composite material liquid condition shaping technology
Prepare vehicle side.Lay order since 1 surface of lower mold is：Releasing agent 2, preform 3, releasing agent 2, caulking gum
Item 4, upper mold 5；It is closed upper mold 5 and lower mold 1, the fiber preform body being compacted in die cavity injects epoxy after checking sealing
Curing molding after resin system obtains carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material vehicle side, as shown in Figure 6.
It weighs through material object, steel vehicle side weight is 15.5Kg, carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material vehicle side weight
Amount is 6.8Kg, realizes loss of weight up to 56%, intensity and the steel vehicle side phase of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material vehicle side
When.
The preparation method of 2 fibre reinforced PP composite material roof of the vehicle of embodiment
Material：The beautiful T700-12K continuous carbon fibres tow in east and acrylic resin fiber
Step 1：The fiber track of roof of the vehicle fiber preform body designs
The shape, size and stressing conditions of roof of the vehicle according to figure 8, designs fiber rail as shown in Figure 9, Figure 10
Mark.Single layer a fiber tracks are by warp-wise track preform layer as shown in Figure 9 and broadwise track preform layer shown in Fig. 10
It is formed by stacking.
Step 2：The preparation of roof of the vehicle fiber preform
According to Fig. 9, fiber track shown in Fig. 10, carbon fibre tow is fixed on ground using suture and is made two
Single layer roof of the vehicle fiber preform body, by two single layer fibre preforms be overlapped laying be roof of the vehicle fiber in advance at
Type body is for use.
Step 3：The preparation of roof of the vehicle
According to Fig.5, roof of the vehicle fiber preform body is put into mold, automobile is prepared by hot extrusion briquetting technique
Ceiling.Lay order since 1 surface of lower mold is：Releasing agent 2, preform 3, releasing agent 2, upper mold 5；It is closed upper mold
Tool 5 and lower mold 1, the fiber preform body being compacted in die cavity is hot-forming after pressurized, heated, and it is multiple to obtain carbon fiber/polypropylene
Condensation material roof of the vehicle.
It weighs through material object, steel roof of the vehicle weight is 9.4Kg, carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material roof of the vehicle weight
Amount is 5.1Kg, realizes loss of weight up to 54%, intensity and the steel roof of the vehicle phase of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material roof of the vehicle
When.
In summary：
1. compared with metal automobile opening part, fiber that production method of the invention uses lightweight, has excellent performance
Enhance making raw material of the composite material as automotive openings component, opening part obtained is maintaining the performances such as rigidity, intensity
Meanwhile 50% or more opening part loss of weight is also achieved, and excellent in mechanical performance.
2. in the prior art, generally use fabric prepares opening/windowing product, opening/windowing position has cut off fibre
Dimension leads to the serious stress concentration in part, greatly reduces the bearing capacity of composite structure, and causes a large amount of fiber wave
Take, inefficiency.And the preparation method of the present invention, directly use fibre bundle to prepare automotive openings element fiber preform,
It can avoid in opening/windowing position cut staple, prepare and make almost without the waste of fibrous material, and by the preform of product
The forming process of part separates, and realizes the continuous automatic production of automotive openings component, significantly shortens automotive openings component
Fabrication cycle greatly improves its production efficiency, is suitble to industrialized production.
All references mentioned in the present invention is incorporated herein by reference, independent just as each document
It is incorporated as with reference to such.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the above teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can
To be made various changes or modifications to the present invention, such equivalent forms equally fall within model defined by the application the appended claims
It encloses.
Claims (18)
1. a kind of automotive openings component, which is characterized in that the automotive openings component passes through composite wood by fiber preform body
Material moulding process is made, and
The fiber preform body has one or more weft fiber preform sub-layers, and the weft fiber in advance at
The profile of the profile and the component of type body sub-layer essentially coincides；And
The fiber preform body has one or more warp fiber preform sub-layers, and the warp fiber in advance at
The profile of type body sub-layer and the profile of the weft fiber preform sub-layer essentially coincide；
And the gabarit sectional area S2 of the component is 30cm2≤S2≤4m2；
And the orientation of the warp fiber axis of each warp fiber preform sub-layer is different；The fiber preform body
Volume accounts for the 1/4-2/3 of the total volume of the component；
And above-mentioned fiber preform body is prepared by the following method：To the component carry out force analysis, determine described in
Component is primarily subjected to direction and the size of load, so that it is determined that the fiber orientation of fiber preform body and preparing fiber preform
Body；
And the fiber preform body is made of 1-20 root fibre bundles.
2. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber preform body is cyclic annular or near-ring
Shape, and the sectional area of the fiber preform body accounts for the 1/20-9/10 of the component gabarit sectional area.
3. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sectional area of the fiber preform body accounts for institute
State the 1/10-4/5 of component gabarit sectional area.
4. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sectional area of the fiber preform body accounts for institute
State the 1/8-2/3 of component gabarit sectional area.
5. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sectional area of the fiber preform body accounts for institute
State the 1/5-1/2 of component gabarit sectional area.
6. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber preform body is by 1-20 layers of warp-wise
Fiber preform body sub-layer and 1-20 layers of weft fiber preform sub-layer composition.
7. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber preform body is by 1-10 layers of warp-wise
Fiber preform body sub-layer and 1-10 layers of weft fiber preform sub-layer composition.
8. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber preform body is by 1-5 layers of warp-wise
Fiber preform body sub-layer and 1-5 layers of weft fiber preform sub-layer composition.
9. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber preform body is by 1-10 root fibers
Tow forms.
10. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber preform body is by 1-5 root fibers
Tow forms.
11. automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber preform body is by a fiber
Tow forms.
12. automotive openings component as claimed in claim 11, which is characterized in that the fibre bundle is one or more fibre
The fiber group of composition is tieed up, and the fiber group includes an at least reinforcing fiber, the fiber preform body includes multiple
Warp fiber preform sub-layer, and being oriented to 45 degree and -45 for warp fiber axis is spent.
13. automotive openings component as claimed in claim 12, which is characterized in that the reinforcing fiber includes selected from the group below
Fiber：Carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fibre, basalt fibre, natural fiber, or combinations thereof.
14. automotive openings component as claimed in claim 12, which is characterized in that further include thermoplasticity in the fibre bundle
Resin fibre.
15. the preparation method of automotive openings component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including step：
Fiber preform body is prepared according to the shape, size and stressing conditions of component；
Obtained fiber preform body is placed in the mold of target product, is made described by composite material process planning
Component.
16. preparation method as claimed in claim 15, which is characterized in that the moulding process is selected from the group：Composite material
Liquid composite molding technique, autoclave forming process, hot press forming technology.
17. a kind of automobile, which is characterized in that the automobile has the opening part as described in claim 1-14 is any.
18. a kind of fiber preform body, which is characterized in that the fiber preform body is used to prepare such as claim 1-14
The fiber preform body of any component.
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| CN201310582706.9A CN103552610B (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | A kind of automotive openings component and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201310582706.9A CN103552610B (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | A kind of automotive openings component and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103552610A CN103552610A (en) | 2014-02-05 |
| CN103552610B true CN103552610B (en) | 2018-08-17 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106273559A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 北京汽车集团有限公司 | The forming method of a kind of automobile structure and automobile structure |
| CN111746000B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-07-29 | 上海复合材料科技有限公司 | Strake slender composite material wing surface and forming method thereof |
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