CN103551362A - Novel process for comprehensively utilizing agricultural wastes - Google Patents

Novel process for comprehensively utilizing agricultural wastes Download PDF

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CN103551362A
CN103551362A CN201310527628.2A CN201310527628A CN103551362A CN 103551362 A CN103551362 A CN 103551362A CN 201310527628 A CN201310527628 A CN 201310527628A CN 103551362 A CN103551362 A CN 103551362A
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aldehyde
agricultural wastes
furfural
furfural dregs
new technology
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CN103551362B (en
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陈志勇
于广卿
温银华
孙红献
宋建德
闫勇
王保平
周星奎
李晓辉
魏丽丽
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Puyang Hongye Biomass Energy Co ltd
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HONGSHENG BIOCHEMICAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of reutilization of agricultural wastes and particularly relates to a novel process for comprehensively utilizing the agricultural wastes. The novel process comprises the following steps: adding acid into the agricultural wastes and hydrolyzing to obtain aldehyde gas and furfural residues; carrying out filter pressing on the furfural residues and primarily reducing the water content of the furfural residues to be 40%-45%; then drying the furfural residues and further dehydrating the furfural residues; when the water content of the furfural residues is reduced to be 15%-20%, adding fly ash to neutralize; after neutralizing, granulating to obtain biomass fuel; combusting the biomass fuel to be used for biomass power generation; meanwhile, taking solid wastes generated by combustion as raw materials of an organic fertilizer to be reutilized; after filtering and condensing the aldehyde gas, condensing to obtain liquid, namely raw aldehyde; carrying out deacidifying and dehydrating on the raw aldehyde to obtain crude aldehyde; refining the crude aldehyde to obtain finished aldehyde; and carrying out heat exchange on the uncondensed aldehyde gas to replace aldehyde gas heat energy to be used as a heat source for drying the furfural residues, wherein all the percentages are mass percentages.

Description

Agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural wastes reutilization technology field, be specifically related to a kind of agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology.
Background technology
There are in the world at present a large amount of agricultural product in idle, can not make full use of.Along with the storage level of non-renewable resources reduces gradually, how people uses renewable resource to substitute the product of non-renewable resources if beginning one's study.Furfural is a kind of important Organic Chemicals, being widely used in synthetic resin, electrically insulating material, fiber, rubber, dyestuff, medicine, agricultural chemicals, solvent, varnish, nitrofurazone and refining crude fears, as anticorrisive agent and cigarette flavoring etc., industrial for the synthesis of furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfural, furane resins, phenol furfural resin, 2-methylfuran etc., or the raw material of pharmacy and multiple organic synthesis and reagent.Furfural is produced in agricultural wastes acid hydrolysis, very ripe technology, and furfural production is the process of comprehensive utilization of waste materials, meet recycling economy development theory, being the important industry of a tool sustainable development with broad prospects for development, is the production process to the basic material of the corresponding product chain of industry conversion by agricultural resource.
China is as large agricultural country, and wastes of crops source is abundant, so furfurol industry is in the ascendant, development prospect is wide.At present, approximately 250,000-300,000 tons/year of China's furfural aggregated capacities, furfural per ton is discharged the furfural dregs of about 10-13 ton, most of air storage.Because furfural dregs salt content is high, be acid, have the advantages that discharge capacity is large, contaminative is strong.Its bulk deposition can produce and pollute atmosphere, soil, river.Only has a small amount of furfural dregs through the simple burning of processing for boiler.In furfural dregs, contain certain acidic materials, mainly acetic acid, sulfuric acid, the acid-base neutralization method that current domestic employing is more, use the NaOH aqueous solution to carry out neutralisation treatment to furfural dregs, in whole process, need strictly control feeding intake of aqueous slkali and furfural dregs, operating procedure relative complex, and can bring a certain amount of moisture into, drops into for the processed of later process has increased extra cost.When furfural dregs is processed, generally adopt the method for Direct Dehydration, the method needs more heat energy, inefficiency, costs and poor dehydration results.
Meanwhile, furfural dregs contains a large amount of celluloses, hemicellulose, lignin as a kind of living beings class discarded object, has good recycle value.Therefore, reasonably recycling furfural dregs, eliminates its pollution to environment, increase the economic value added of furfural dregs simultaneously, realize the zero release of pollutant target in furfural enterprise production process, the object that reach cleaner production, recycles, is the problem that furfural dregs recycling is needed solution badly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
Agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology: agricultural wastes acid hydrolysis obtains aldehyde vapour and furfural dregs, furfural dregs is first through press filtration, the preliminary furfural dregs water content that reduces is to 40-45%, send to subsequently and dry further dehydration, when furfural dregs moisture is down to 15-20%, add flyash to neutralize, after neutralization, granulation makes biomass fuel, after biomass fuel combustion, for biomass power generation, the solid waste thing simultaneously producing after burning is realized recycling as the raw material of fertilizer; Aldehyde vapour is after filtration after condensation, and the liquid that condensation obtains is a mao aldehyde, and hair aldehyde dewaters and to obtain thick aldehyde through depickling, and thick aldehyde carries out the rectifying furfural that gets product; The aldehyde vapour not being condensed displaces aldehyde vapour heat energy, the thermal source while drying as furfural dregs by heat exchange; Above-mentioned % is mass percent.
Described agricultural wastes are the biological materials such as corncob, stalk or its combination.
Preferably, adopt belt filter press to carry out press filtration.
Preferably, adopt rotary dryer to dry.
Preferably, adopt finned heat exchanger to carry out heat exchange.
Preferably, when furfural dregs moisture is down to 15-20%, be calculated in mass percent, add the flyash that accounts for furfural dregs 5-10% to neutralize.
New technology of the present invention, can " eat dry squeezing only " by agricultural wastes, realizes the maximum using of resource, and details are as follows for its advantage:
1, the efficient processing to hair aldehyde
During traditional handicraft production furfural, first hair aldehyde reduce acidity through neutralization, then carries out distillation dehydration, and thick aldehyde obtains finished product after returning steaming, batch production, and product yield is low, and purity is low, and efficiency is low;
The present invention, through experimental study, carries out technological innovation, has changed traditional mao of aldehyde treatment process, and hair aldehyde is obtained to thick aldehyde without neutralization by the depickling of dehydrating tower Direct Dehydration, thick aldehyde is entered to rectifying column continuous rectification and obtain finished product; Product purity is high, acidity is low, and yield is high, efficiency is high.
2, furfural dregs is carried out to pretreatment
The furfural dregs that the present invention produces while adopting belt filter press to furfural production carries out pretreatment, removes part moisture, for baking stage is saved the energy.
The advantage of belt filter press is can continuous operation, take up an area economize, efficiency is high, treating capacity is large and water separation capability strong, save the energy, can effectively get rid of the restriction of nature and site factors, guarantees treating capacity and the treatment effect of furfural dregs.Through test of many times, use belt filter press to process furfural dregs, can reach good dehydrating effect.Test effect is as follows:
When furfural moisture content is down to 40% left and right, the follow-up baking stage of furfural dregs can be saved a lot of heat energy, reaches energy-saving and cost-reducing effect.
3, aldehyde vapour recycling in furfural production, has saved resource
Furfural dregs dry utilize aldehyde vapour waste heat by finned heat exchanger for rotary drying machine provides heat, make furfural dregs moisture drop to 15% left and right by 40% left and right, improve burning unit calorific capacity.Meanwhile, utilize aldehyde vapour as thermal source, do not increase energy resource consumption.When furfural dregs moisture is during in 40% left and right, calorific value is not enough 2000Kcal/ Kg also needs to absorb a large amount of heats in combustion process, and whole combustion thermal efficiency is low.When the moisture of furfural dregs is down to 15% left and right, more than combustion heat value can reach 3500Kcal/Kg.
From drying mechanism, in rotary dryer, the exchange of material and thermal current is more abundant, more scientific and reasonable.The present invention is when using rotary dryer to dry furfural dregs, and heat comes from the aldehyde vapour waste heat that furfural production device produces, so in whole process, do not increase the consumption of resource.
4, furfural dregs is carried out to neutralisation treatment
According to the production technology of furfural, in furfural dregs, contain certain acidic materials, be mainly acetic acid, sulfuric acid, if do not process, can cause certain corrosivity to equipment such as dedustings, increase operation and the maintenance cost of equipment.The acid-base neutralization method that current domestic employing is more, use the NaOH aqueous solution to carry out neutralisation treatment to furfural dregs, in whole process, need strictly control feeding intake of aqueous slkali and furfural dregs, operating procedure relative complex, and can bring a certain amount of moisture into, for the processed of later process has increased extra cost, drop into.
The present invention adopts and adds the method for flyash to carry out sour neutralisation treatment to furfural dregs, can reach good effect.In flyash, contain the alkaline matters such as CaO, MgO, acidic materials are had to stronger neutralising capacity, and low price, the cost of neutralization saved.
Through the present invention, a large number of experiments show that, the flyash that adds 5-10% in furfural dregs can effectively reduce the acidity of furfural dregs, play good neutralization, in being transported to the process of boiler combustion, later stage furfural dregs can effectively reduce the corrosivity to equipment, extend the service life of machinery equipment, reduce and produce and maintenance cost.
5, solid refuse reclamation
The treated raw material of producing fertilizer that can be used as of solid waste thing producing after furfural dregs burning, realizes the comprehensive utilization of resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology: agricultural wastes (corncob+stalk) acid hydrolysis obtains aldehyde vapour and furfural dregs, furfural dregs first carries out press filtration by belt filter press, the preliminary furfural dregs water content that reduces is to 40wt%, send to subsequently the further drying and dewatering of rotary dryer, when furfural dregs moisture is down to 15wt%, add the flyash that accounts for furfural dregs quality 10wt% to neutralize, neutralization makes biomass fuel by briquetting granulation, after biomass fuel combustion for biomass power generation, the solid waste thing simultaneously producing after burning is realized recycling as the raw material of fertilizer, aldehyde vapour is after filtration after condensation, and the liquid that condensation obtains is a mao aldehyde, and hair aldehyde enters dehydrating tower depickling and dewaters and to obtain thick aldehyde, and thick aldehyde enters the rectifying column continuous rectification furfural that gets product, the aldehyde vapour not being condensed displaces aldehyde vapour heat energy by finned heat exchanger, and heat energy is input to rotary dryer by pipeline, and furfural dregs is dried.
Gained finished product furfural quality meets national GB/T 1926.1-2009 top grade product standard-requireds, and specific targets are as following table:
Figure 106529DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Simultaneously, the biomass fuel that furfural dregs is raw material of take of producing meets < < biomass solid formed fuel technical conditions > > (NY/T 1878-2010) standard-required, and specific targets are as following table:
Figure 742041DEST_PATH_IMAGE003

Claims (6)

1. agricultural wastes fully utilize new technology, it is characterized in that: agricultural wastes acid hydrolysis obtains aldehyde vapour and furfural dregs, furfural dregs is first through press filtration, the preliminary furfural dregs water content that reduces, to 40-45%, is sent to subsequently and is dried further dehydration, when furfural dregs moisture is down to 15-20%, add flyash to neutralize, after neutralization, granulation makes biomass fuel, and after biomass fuel combustion, for biomass power generation, the solid waste thing simultaneously producing after burning is realized recycling as the raw material of fertilizer; Aldehyde vapour is after filtration after condensation, and the liquid that condensation obtains is a mao aldehyde, and hair aldehyde dewaters and to obtain thick aldehyde through depickling, and thick aldehyde carries out the rectifying furfural that gets product; The aldehyde vapour not being condensed displaces aldehyde vapour heat energy, the thermal source while drying as furfural dregs by heat exchange; Above-mentioned % is mass percent.
2. agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described agricultural wastes are corncob, stalk or its combination.
3. agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: adopt belt filter press to carry out press filtration.
4. agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: adopt rotary dryer to dry.
5. agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: adopt finned heat exchanger to carry out heat exchange.
6. agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: when furfural dregs moisture is down to 15-20%, be calculated in mass percent, add the flyash that accounts for furfural dregs 5-10% to neutralize.
CN201310527628.2A 2013-10-31 2013-10-31 Agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization new technology Active CN103551362B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108395419A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-08-14 安徽理工大学 A kind of furfural production new process of novel energy-saving environment-friendly

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101337953A (en) * 2008-08-14 2009-01-07 河南宏业化工有限公司 Method for producing furfural by cleaning hydrolysis of biomass
CN101735181A (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-06-16 刘绍凯 Pollution-free energy-saving new process for producing furfural, acetic acid and active carbon
CN101899350A (en) * 2010-08-02 2010-12-01 韩新平 Preparation method of biomass solid-molded composite fuel and biomass solid-molded composite fuel
CN101914078A (en) * 2010-08-17 2010-12-15 山东万盛环保科技发展有限公司 Process for producing furfural by bagasse
CN202164251U (en) * 2011-08-12 2012-03-14 济南圣泉集团股份有限公司 Residual heat recycling device for aldehyde steam of furfuraldehyde
WO2013030131A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S) Method for preparing furfural

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101337953A (en) * 2008-08-14 2009-01-07 河南宏业化工有限公司 Method for producing furfural by cleaning hydrolysis of biomass
CN101735181A (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-06-16 刘绍凯 Pollution-free energy-saving new process for producing furfural, acetic acid and active carbon
CN101899350A (en) * 2010-08-02 2010-12-01 韩新平 Preparation method of biomass solid-molded composite fuel and biomass solid-molded composite fuel
CN101914078A (en) * 2010-08-17 2010-12-15 山东万盛环保科技发展有限公司 Process for producing furfural by bagasse
CN202164251U (en) * 2011-08-12 2012-03-14 济南圣泉集团股份有限公司 Residual heat recycling device for aldehyde steam of furfuraldehyde
WO2013030131A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S) Method for preparing furfural

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108395419A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-08-14 安徽理工大学 A kind of furfural production new process of novel energy-saving environment-friendly

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Address after: The biomass energy industry in Nanle County of Puyang Henan province 457400 City Park

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