CN103551023A - Lead smoke purifying treatment method - Google Patents
Lead smoke purifying treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103551023A CN103551023A CN201310529309.5A CN201310529309A CN103551023A CN 103551023 A CN103551023 A CN 103551023A CN 201310529309 A CN201310529309 A CN 201310529309A CN 103551023 A CN103551023 A CN 103551023A
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- fluorosilicate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lead smoke purifying treatment method, belonging to the technical field of waste gas purification. The waste gas (lead dust and lead smoke) generated by lead melting is treated by a bag-type dust collector to remove the lead dust and then subjected to lead smoke purification. In the method, fluosilicic acid is used as an absorbent, chemical absorption is adopted, certain liquid-gas ratio is controlled, and the waste gas is absorbed at normal temperature to become lead fluorosilicate; after reaching certain concentration, the lead fluorosilicate is reused for a lead electrolysis process. The emission concentration of the lead smoke is lower than the state-regulated lead smoke emission standard 0.7mg/m<3>. The lead smoke is washed by a solution containing fluosilicic acid, the lead smoke in an aerosol state can be broken into ions, and water-soluble lead fluorosilicate is generated, thereby greatly improving the purifying effect. Moreover, the lead fluorosilicate after recycling absorption can be applied to the lead electrolysis process, treatment and emission are not required, and comprehensive utilization of resources is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lead fume purifying treatment method, particularly in the industrial processes of smelting, produce the processing method of lead fume, belong to waste gas purification technical field.
Background technology
Lead produces a large amount of plumbous steams (being commonly called as lead fume) and escapes in air while being heated to 400～500 ℃. and under different temperatures, plumbous steam can react with oxygen and generate PbO and PbO
2.In molten lead flue dust, the plumbous main form with PbO exists, especially all the more so when molten lead temperature is higher.The plumbous poisonous substance that human body is belonged to accumulation property, it will damage people's nervous system, digestive system, bone and blood circulation system, and causes anaemia.
Waste gas containing lead can be divided into again two kinds of lead dust and waste gas containing leads according to particle size.Because lead dust particle diameter is larger, at present also more ripe to the purification techniques of lead dust, as adopted pocket type filter dirt dust processing equipment to purify, all can reach more satisfied effect.Lead fume is the aerosol of the solids that form in the industrial processes of smelting, by aerosol cohesion, is formed, and it mostly is the condensate by the gaseous matter of generation after melt substance evaporation.Particle diameter is very little, generally at 0.01-l μ m.
Domestic existing lead fume cleaning equipment is essentially wet scrubber at present, as water-bath type, packing Ta, spray chamber etc.; Method mostly is water washing method, the effect of more than processing is all not ideal, the bad reason of effect is as follows: wash mill is that the drop of borrowing cleaning solution to produce, liquid film, bubble etc. adhere to and aggegation mutually the grit in flue gas, grit is carried out to separation, but the chemical property of plumbous and lead oxide is more stable, they are all water insoluble, and be the dust that hydrophily is little, therefore water can only wash the particle of greater particle size in flue gas, to being the lead fume of aerosol state, in simple sprinkling equipment, cohesion and the assimilation effect of water are all very poor.In molten lead flue dust, mainly the form with PbO exists, and this material is water insoluble, is insoluble in rare alkaline solution, but be soluble in acid, generates lead salt, and chemical absorption method utilizes this feature to adopt wet absorption conventionally.Adopt at present spirit of vinegar as absorbent, but the lead acetate weak solution producing, the acetate toxicity generating is large and soluble in water, and < < integrated wastewater discharge standard > > GB8978-1996) the total the highest plumbous permission concentration of emission of middle regulation is 110 mg/ L, therefore absorption liquid must can discharge through processing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, for electrolytic lead enterprise, provide the method for a kind of effective electrolytic lead factory lead fume purified treatment.It is the waste gas (lead dust and lead fume) producing during by molten lead, first through sack cleaner, removes lead dust, then purifies through lead fume.The method, with fluosilicic acid absorbent, adopts chemical absorbing, controls certain liquid-gas ratio, under normal temperature, absorbs into lead fluorosilicate, and lead fluorosilicate reaches after finite concentration, is back to plumbous electrolysis process.Lead fume concentration of emission is lower than the lead fume discharge standard 0.7mg/m of national regulation
3.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of lead fume purifying treatment method, according to following step, carry out: lead fume waste gas absorbs the lead oxide in lead fume and plumbous aerosol with fluorine silicic acid aqueous solution absorbent, generate the lead fluorosilicate aqueous solution, absorbent recycles, lead fluorosilicate reaches 1-10%(mass percent) after concentration, be disposed to plumbous electrolysis process comprehensive utilization.
In wherein said absorbent fluorine silicic acid aqueous solution, the concentration of fluosilicic acid is 1-10%(mass percent).
The liquid-gas ratio on wherein said absorption tower is 1:1-10.
Wherein absorbent recycles, and lead fluorosilicate reaches 1-10%(mass percent) after concentration, be disposed to plumbous electrolysis process comprehensive utilization.
Wherein when lead fume exhaust gas concentration is less than 50 mg/m
3, after purifying, tail gas lead fume concentration of emission is lower than the lead fume discharge standard 0.7mg/m of national regulation
3.
Principle of the present invention is as follows:
2Pb + O
2 → 2PbO …………………………（1）
Pb + H
2SiF
6→ PbSiF
6+ H
2 ……………（2）
PbO + H
2SiF
6 →PbSiF
6 + H
2O ……………（3）
The invention has the advantages that: lead monoxide can be dissolved in acid, generate plumbous (II) salt; Fluosilicic acid and lead monoxide reaction generate the weak electrolyte lead fluorosilicate of difficult ionization of water soluble, it belongs to displacement reaction, reaction speed is fast, and the aerocolloidal purification absorption rate of lead fume depends on the diffusion rate of two components that react, and increases phase border contact area and can strengthen absorption operation.Meanwhile, owing to adding in water after acid solution, the surface tension of water declines, and has therefore improved water to the permeability of flue dust and affinity, thereby has strengthened contacting of liquid pearl and flue dust.So with the solution washing lead fume of fluorine-containing silicic acid, can also destroy the lead fume of aerosol state, make it become ion, generate lead fluorosilicate soluble in water, thereby greatly improved clean-up effect.And the lead fluorosilicate after circulation absorbs can be used for plumbous electrowinning process, do not need processing and outer row, comprehensive utilization of resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of lead fume purifying treatment method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of lead fume purifying treatment method of the present invention, lead smelting waste gas after dedusting, enter lead fume absorption tower T101, mass concentration is that the fluorine silicic acid aqueous solution of 1-10% is stored in V101, opens fluorine silicic acid aqueous solution circulating pump P101, and fluorine silicic acid aqueous solution spray enters in absorption tower, with lead fume counter-current absorption, the lead fluorosilicate that reaction generates reaches after finite concentration, goes comprehensive utilization, and lead fume waste gas is tail gas qualified discharge after absorption cleaning.
Following examples can illustrate the present invention well.
Example 1
Lead smelting waste gas after dedusting, lead concentration 50 mg/m
3, exhaust gas volumn is 5000m
3/ h, enters absorption tower, and absorbent fluosilicic acid concentration is 1%(mass concentration), liquid-gas ratio is 1:3, lead fume waste gas exhaust emissions lead concentration after absorption cleaning is 0.7 mg/m
3.Purification efficiency reaches 98.6%.
Example 2
Lead smelting waste gas after dedusting, lead concentration 40 mg/m
3, exhaust gas volumn is 10000m
3/ h, enters absorption tower, and absorbent fluosilicic acid concentration is 3%(mass concentration), liquid-gas ratio is 1:5, lead fume waste gas exhaust emissions lead concentration after absorption cleaning is 0.6mg/m
3.Purification efficiency reaches 98.5%.
Example 3
Lead smelting waste gas after dedusting, lead concentration 50 mg/m
3, exhaust gas volumn is 20000m
3/ h, enters absorption tower, and absorbent fluosilicic acid concentration is 5%(mass concentration), liquid-gas ratio is 1:6, lead fume waste gas exhaust emissions lead concentration after absorption cleaning is 0.6mg/m
3.Purification efficiency reaches 98.8%.
Example 4
Lead smelting waste gas after dedusting, lead concentration 50 mg/m
3, exhaust gas volumn is 50000m
3/ h, enters absorption tower, and absorbent fluosilicic acid concentration is 10%(mass concentration), liquid-gas ratio is 1:10, lead fume waste gas exhaust emissions lead concentration after absorption cleaning is 0.5mg/m
3.Purification efficiency reaches 99.0%.
Claims (4)
1. a lead fume purifying treatment method, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following step: lead fume waste gas absorbs the lead oxide in lead fume and plumbous aerosol with fluorine silicic acid aqueous solution absorbent, generate the lead fluorosilicate aqueous solution, absorbent recycles, lead fluorosilicate reaches after the concentration that mass percent is 1-10%, is disposed to plumbous electrolysis process comprehensive utilization.
2. a kind of lead fume purifying treatment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the concentration of fluosilicic acid in wherein said absorbent fluorine silicic acid aqueous solution be take mass percent as 1-10%.
3. a kind of lead fume purifying treatment method according to claim 1, the liquid-gas ratio that it is characterized in that wherein said absorption tower is 1:1-10.
4. a kind of lead fume purifying treatment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that wherein when lead fume exhaust gas concentration is less than 50 mg/m
3, after purifying, tail gas lead fume concentration of emission is lower than the lead fume discharge standard 0.7mg/m of national regulation
3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310529309.5A CN103551023B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | A kind of lead fume purifying treatment method |
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| CN201310529309.5A CN103551023B (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | A kind of lead fume purifying treatment method |
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| CN103551023A true CN103551023A (en) | 2014-02-05 |
| CN103551023B CN103551023B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106861334A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-20 | 安徽骏马再生铅产业工程技术研究中心 | Red lead produces waste gas circulation Application way |
| CN107174888A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏海鹏防腐设备有限公司 | Lead dust purifying processing device and method |
| CN111777073A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-16 | 青海西矿同鑫化工有限公司 | Fluosilicic acid for lead electrolysis and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4272340A (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-06-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Electrowinning of lead from H2 SiF6 solution |
| CN1664132A (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-07 | 沈阳环境科学研究院 | Environmental protection method for extracting lead in waste storage battery |
| CN1853758A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-01 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for treating waste gas containing lead |
| CN101899576A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-12-01 | 浙江汇同电源有限公司 | Method for recycling lead from lead-acid battery paste |
| CN102895829A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-30 | 天津神龙兴业科技有限公司 | Spraying lead fume removing device |
-
2013
- 2013-10-30 CN CN201310529309.5A patent/CN103551023B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4272340A (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-06-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Electrowinning of lead from H2 SiF6 solution |
| CN1664132A (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-07 | 沈阳环境科学研究院 | Environmental protection method for extracting lead in waste storage battery |
| CN1853758A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-01 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for treating waste gas containing lead |
| CN101899576A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-12-01 | 浙江汇同电源有限公司 | Method for recycling lead from lead-acid battery paste |
| CN102895829A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-01-30 | 天津神龙兴业科技有限公司 | Spraying lead fume removing device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 东北工学院等: "《普通冶金学 下册》", 31 July 1962, 中国工业出版社, article "铅冶金-铅的电解精炼" * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106861334A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-20 | 安徽骏马再生铅产业工程技术研究中心 | Red lead produces waste gas circulation Application way |
| CN107174888A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏海鹏防腐设备有限公司 | Lead dust purifying processing device and method |
| CN111777073A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-16 | 青海西矿同鑫化工有限公司 | Fluosilicic acid for lead electrolysis and preparation method thereof |
| CN111777073B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-03-04 | 青海西矿同鑫化工有限公司 | Fluosilicic acid for lead electrolysis and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103551023B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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