CN103549639A - Heat-carrier ultrahigh-density flue-cured tobacco curing room - Google Patents
Heat-carrier ultrahigh-density flue-cured tobacco curing room Download PDFInfo
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- CN103549639A CN103549639A CN201310544878.7A CN201310544878A CN103549639A CN 103549639 A CN103549639 A CN 103549639A CN 201310544878 A CN201310544878 A CN 201310544878A CN 103549639 A CN103549639 A CN 103549639A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat-carrier ultrahigh-density flue-cured tobacco curing room. The flue-cured tobacco curing room is provided with a combustion, heat carrier water and hot air supplying calandria integrated body; heat carrier water is automatically and dynamically heated to be a set temperature zone value respectively according to time sequence and time intervals and serves in a standby manner; circulating air is obtained in real time in a hot air supplying calandria wall isolated manner and supplies hot air, of which the upper temperature limit is definitely defined, to the curing room, so that the safe operation for flue-cured tobacco curing relying on enzymatic biochemical reactions is guaranteed; during hot air circulation, scattered penetrating pulsated hot air is supplied to the flue-cured tobacco curing room by rotary-louver hot air supply heads, so that the heating of all places is uniform; the flue-cured tobacco curing room is specially and additionally provided with a negative-pressure dehumidifying and cooling subsystem; when the internal temperature and humidity of the flue-cured tobacco curing room exceed controlled upper limits during dynamic balance, the internal temperature and humidity are controlled to be lowered by the system in real time, and even if the density of fresh tobacco leaves reaches up to 120Kg per square meter of ground, the condition that the internal temperature and humidity of the curing room are exactly controlled respectively in all time periods can be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical scheme that builds baking of flue-cured tobacco room with new frame mode
Background technology
Tobacco leaf is one of plant that chemical constituent is complicated especially.The object of baking of flue-cured tobacco is that these component materials are controlled under the environment of temperature, relative humidity in real-time and precise, by enzymatic living beings chemical reaction, make it that degraded occur and recombinate to the chemical reaction direction of our expectation, also make the loss of part harmful substance, carry out subsequently physical dryness, acquired color quality is fixed up.
Dissect the current baking of flue-cured tobacco miscellaneous room with concentrated type automation baking of flue-cured tobacco Fang Wei representative, obviously or the function of bakery do not catch up with " baking expert curve " to temperature, humidity according to sequential, the accurate requirement of different bound controlling values separately at times.The disappearance of function or say not enoughly, generally comes from the science not to the utmost of structure, rationally.
1, only with iron plate (pipe), separate naked light and obtain the baking of flue-cured tobacco room of recirculated hot air, the actual maximum temperature value of hot-air is uncontrollable.This high temperature, that fearness is the impact high temperature of instantaneous existence, and the enzyme of the part tobacco leaf that all likely makes to stand in the breach loses activity, and final flue-cured tobacco occurs blue or green dry, or is the defect of blue or green dry spot point.Common thermometer, impact high temperature, but it is restricting the quality of flue-cured tobacco stealthyly because the cause of thermal inertia has little time to reflect this.
2, the hot blast in bakery is imported and exported, no matter its opening position is in upper and lower any position all around of bakery, if be the air port of empty cartridge type, it all can form relatively obvious, fixing wind path in bakery, this temperature, humidity that has just determined vertical and horizontal in full bakery can be very uneven, finally certainly is just difficult to reach the equilibrium of full barn flue cured tobacco quality.
3, no matter be automatically to control or Artificial Control, current various baking of flue-cured tobacco room, when humidity (many is to explain with wet-and-dry-bulb thermometer) shows the higher limit that surpasses this period control of setting, its adjustment way is all to open world window simultaneously, pressurizes or naturally allows the fresh air outside room enter in room the air of driving, replacing humidity over limit in bakery away.The air displacement of this form has formed again relatively significantly wind path undoubtedly in bakery.Wet down must be accelerated the vaporization of fresh tobacco leaf moisture content and reduce temperature, and the region wet down cooling that closes on wind path will be how a lot of than other regions, will inevitably occur the very unbalanced problem of temperature, humidity in bakery.
4, various baking of flue-cured tobacco room instantly, in the dynamic adjustment process of temperature, humidity, no matter to heat up that (humidity is because metabolism exhalation moisture content and the additional heat energy of fresh tobacco leaf self have improved steam pressure difference, to making ambient humidity always naturally trend towards saturation state) or the running of wet down cooling, relatively obvious, fixing wind path all in bakery, formed.Like this, in the place more distant from air channel, the ground at special nook, can form relative closure, semi-enclosed subenvironment, and temperature, humidity all can be amassed very tired height, and the most serious local tobacco leaf that more can cause rots.So the tobacco leaf condensed degree of these bakeries, all can not design very highly, particularly can not be for take the form of cage case dress heap layer in order to go muscle baking, because that can freely not bring rotten risk because of local hydrofuge.
Summary of the invention
Heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery of the present invention, by circulation heating wind baking system, the negative pressure hydrofuge cooling system of setting up especially with automatically control three subsystems and form.In circulation heating wind baking subsystem, be also provided with burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis.
Burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis, is in heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery temperature dynamic adjustment process, except the endogenous heat energy that fresh tobacco leaf metabolism disengages, and unique outer supplying heat source.It is mainly by metal large water tank, heat carrier water, and one group of large water tank is worn case flue comb, and one group of large water tank is worn case and formed by heat supply comb and combustion chamber, combustion chamber flue.The two ends of two groups of combs are all anti-permeable being welded and fixed of break-through metal large water tank coaming plate work, and they are to be all immersed in the heat carrier water of large water tank splendid attire, but waterproof ventilation.Wearing case flue comb is a part for burning flue.The heat energy that burning produces, except directly supplying with heat carrier water through large water tank base plate, also utilizes flue gas to organize in tube chamber by again heating from this.Warmed-up heat carrier water is subject to heat supply comb to the circulated air conduction heat through in its chamber by the case of wearing in large water tank, finally supplies with baking of flue-cured tobacco room.
In burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis, what burn opens or stops, (if electricity consumption has been exactly direct open and close power supply certainly) of opening or stopping realizing by the combustion-supporting air blast of microcomputer instruction by being placed in the water temperature sensing probe induction water temperature of large water tank.The heating of heat carrier water, the heat supply in subtend baking of flue-cured tobacco room is unaided.This device, only according to the instruction of microcomputer, dynamically remains on heat carrier water within baking process sets the scope of control upper lower limit value of corresponding period heat supply temperature by the period according to sequential.It is a kind of state of servo heat supply all the time.The upper and lower limit temperature value of heat carrier water is all clear and definite, in check, so just first from heat supply, has ensured the accurate of superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery temperature control.
The circulation heating wind subsystem of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery, to baking of flue-cured tobacco room hot wind supply be or four air duct combination units under shed that are suspended at bakery internal upper part, in air duct, be provided with wind rotating guide vane, in air duct opening's edge, be provided with rotation blinds heat supply public attention.By edge, be fixed on shape in air duct and, as the wind rotating guide vane of straight sheet rotary wind flabellum, change into the wind of rotation kinetic potential, then promote rotation blinds heat supply public attention that lower end band bearing box is connected with the concentric axostylus axostyle of its work the wind comes from, hot blast is supplied with in rotation.If be straight tube shape for public attention, the inevitable relatively significantly wind path that forms in bakery, makes uneven heating even.Rotation blinds heat supply public attention, it did on bakery top to be close to laterally before this, pulsed ground hot wind supply, was then scattered shape and advanced, and finally entered gas collecting apparatus and did circulation again.This hot wind supply, is very balanced and have a penetration power, this also another trick ensured stability and the harmony of temperature in superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery.
Due to metabolic cause, likely there is surpassing the situation of capping value in temperature, and relative humidity always trends towards not allowing the saturation state of existence naturally.This heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery is that the special negative pressure method of operation with powerful hydrofuge cooling function that adopts addresses this problem in real time.
The core apparatus of the negative pressure hydrofuge cooling subsystem of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery is to cause air negative pressure to accelerate evaporation of water to baking of flue-cured tobacco room, and water evaporates the negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge that can take away heat of vaporization again and lower the temperature.What before it, arrange is negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe.In order not form that I guess local of short duration obvious wind path in superelevation dense roasting room when taking out negative pressure yet, gas collection work for bakery, the present invention has shared circulation heating wind system and has been placed in the gas collecting apparatus in bakery, i.e. circulation heating wind and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge shares total gas collecting apparatus.In order dynamically to keep the basically identical of bakery and atmospheric environment air pressure, the air outlet door assembly of visiting has also been installed in the present invention additional on negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet, and it outwards opens exhaust when centrifuge moves; The wicket air inlet that but can exist negative pressure naturally to open inwardly to open because of bakery when inoperative, keeps bakery inner and outer air pressure in a basic balance.
Circulation heating wind and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge share total gas collecting apparatus by the deck plate of armored concrete quality, the metal blocking net of the concrete quality board pier of brace table panel and interception foreign material forms.Be equal to or less than 4X6M
2bakery, in a ground, deploy one; The bakery that is greater than this specification is put a group five of quincunx distribution, and all the other 4 is a minute gas collecting apparatus, underground by diversity tracheae respectively connection bit in total gas collecting apparatus of center.Total gas collecting apparatus is connected with threeway form with negative pressure hydrofuge cooling discharge with circulation heating wind discharge.
It is a compound throttle setting that negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet door is visited, and the little door leaf of inwardly opening has been installed on the large door leaf of opens outward, and two door leafs are the not pneumatic type structure of cotter bolt, and calm turnover can naturally be dangled and be left unlocked or unlatched.This device is fallen after rise bearing frame, inwardly open air door interlinkage rotating shaft, inwardly opens little door leaf, is inwardly opened wicket page bearing frame etc. and form by visit ring flange, the rotating shaft of opens outward air door interlinkage, the large door leaf of opens outward, the large door leaf of opens outward of negative pressure hydrofuge cooling air outlet door.
These install above, and under automatically controlling, mutual, cooperation completes the intensive baking of flue-cured tobacco work of superelevation safely and reliably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In figure: bakery ground, 1, circulation heating air channel gas collecting segment, 2, circulation heating wind centrifuge, 3 burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesises, 4, water temperature sensing probe, 5, circulation heating air channel is for hot arc, 6, open roof roof, 7, rotation blinds heat supply public attention, 8, wind rotating guide vane, 9 hot wind supply arms, 10, hot wind supply distributor, 11, humidity sensor probe, 12, temperature sensing probe in bakery, 13, gas regulation airduct sheet through walls cylinder, 14, the softening fog-spray nozzle of tubing pump pressurization flue-cured tobacco, 15, the intensive suspension of fresh tobacco leaf superelevation Huo Long Xiang Zhuanduiceng district, 16, microcomputer control cabinet, 17, heat insulation bearing wall, 18, observe or air sampling double pane, 19, external pulling type gate, 20, negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge, 21, the negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet door assembly of visiting, 22, bakery land drainage pipeline, 23, bakery drainage pipeline is U-shaped curved, the supporting washing basin gap of 24 bakery draining, 25, the supporting washing basin of bakery draining, 26, two air channels condensate water is discharged supporting washing basin gap, 27, two air channels condensate water is discharged supporting washing basin, 28 pairs of air channel condensate water discharge tubes are U-shaped curved, 29, negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe, 30, two air channels condensate water discharge tube, 31, circulation heating wind and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge share total gas collecting apparatus, 32 combustion-supporting air blasts, 33, ashes chamber door, 34, ashes chamber, 35, combustion chamber filling door, 36 grates, 37, combustion chamber, 38, chimney air flue import, 39, hot-blast outlet flange, 40, chimney, 41, security personnel's relief valve, 42, large water tank is subject to heat supply to wear case comb, 43, metal large water tank, 44 large water tank circulated air suction flanges, 45, large water tank is worn case flue comb, 46, combustion chamber flue, 47 fire-resistant or insulating brick masonries, 48, heat carrier water, 49, large water tank water level sight glass pipe, 50 enter (row) sluice (ball) valve, 51, the negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet door ring flange of visiting, 52 opens outward air door interlinkage rotating shafts, 53, the large door leaf of opens outward, 54, the large door leaf of opens outward falls bearing frame after rise, 55, inwardly open air door interlinkage rotating shaft, 56, inwardly open little door leaf, 57, inwardly open wicket page and fall bearing frame after rise, 58, deck plate, 59, blocking net, 60, board pier, 61, slag bed course, 62, divide gas collecting apparatus, 63, divide discharge, 64
The specific embodiment
Hereby contrast accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
Heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery is mainly lowered the temperature and is automatically controlled three subsystems by the baking of circulation heating wind, negative pressure hydrofuge and forms.Circulation heating wind baking subsystem is by heat insulation bearing wall 18, bakery ground 1, open roof roof 7, external pulling type gate 20, the intensive suspension of fresh tobacco leaf superelevation Huo Long Xiang Zhuanduiceng district 16, circulation heating wind and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge share total gas collecting apparatus 32, circulation heating air channel gas collecting segment 2, circulation heating wind centrifuge 3, burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis 4, circulation heating air channel is for hot arc 6, hot wind supply distributor 11, hot wind supply arm 10, wind rotating guide vane 9, rotation blinds heat supply public attention 8 forms, negative pressure hydrofuge cooling subsystem shares total gas collecting apparatus 32, negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe 30, negative pressure hydrofuge centrifuge 21, the negative pressure hydrofuge centrifuge air outlet door assembly 22 of visiting of lowering the temperature of lowering the temperature by intensive suspensions of fresh tobacco leaf superelevation Huo Long Xiang Zhuanduiceng district 16, circulation heating and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge and forms, automatically control subsystem by temperature sensing probe 13 in microcomputer control cabinet 17, water tank temperature sensing probe 5, humidity sensor probe 12, bakery and be also attributed to respectively the first two subsystem simultaneously combustion-supporting air blast 33, circulation heating wind centrifuge 3, negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 form.
In circulation heating wind baking subsystem: heat insulation bearing wall 18, can adopt two kinds of versions, a kind of is that 13 centimeters, two sides brick adds header and is connected to form folder 10 to 15 centimeters of thick perlitic bodies of wall, inwalls and makes waterproofing plaster coat and process.The preferred this form of permanent bakery, the one, durable in use, the 2nd, internal layer wall also plays the function of heat carrier, and bakery heat endurance can be better; The 2nd, adopt reinforced board house prefabricated component; Want >=4.5M of front-back wall height.Bakery ground 1 is concrete or spread Antiskid ceramic tile, and load-bearing, draining, anti-skidding three take into account, and it is lower is slag bed course 62, more lower to tamping earthen platform; In bakery, ground area is 4X4M
2, 4X6M
2, 6X6M
2, 6X8M
2, 8X8M
2multiple, depending on local bright leaf production capacity and management model and select.The reinforced board house prefabricated components of open roof roof 7,15 centimeters of thick fire prevention foams of employing inner clip.External pulling type gate 20, adopts the reinforced board house prefabricated component with anti-gas-leak rubber banding, single open-door double door all can, but optional external pulling type only, when carrying out negative pressure hydrofuge cooling operation, can not be felt and have gap air inlet.The intensive suspension of fresh tobacco leaf superelevation Huo Long Xiang Zhuanduiceng district 16, this is functional areas of the present invention, on bakery ground, is the district of leaving a blank in 40 centimeters, in addition connects the region that is all extension (heap) tobacco leaf on deck plate 59 at its interior complementary space.As adopt hang, when present technique is only required screening, not artificially extruding, can hang 4-6 layer to four meter high left and right; As adopting the rear pile of cage case dress, present technique is only avoided artificially tiling piecewise and is stacked with single cage case height over 60 centimeters; Pile height≤4 meter, suspension and cage case load in mixture baking and also can.According to reports, current state-of-the-art baking of flue-cured tobacco room fresh tobacco leaf mounts closeness and has been up to every square metre of ground area 70.38kg, and present technique mounts closeness can reach 120kg left and right, obviously has the intensive feature of superelevation.It is 120 centimeters of left and right by diameter that the cooling of circulation heating air channel and negative pressure hydrofuge shares total gas collecting apparatus 32, and it is that the metal quality blocking net 60 that the board pier 61 of 40 centimeters and ring are contained in outside forms that thickness is about its free height of the armored concrete deck plate 59 of 12 centimeters and 4 supports; Board pier 61 stands on the periphery of the center reserved opening on bakery ground 1, concrete quality, and reserved opening bottom is connected with threeway form with circulation heating air channel gas collecting segment 2 and negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe 30.The pipe section of circulation heating wind baking subsystem, the person of being otherwise noted, diameter is 40 centimeters of left and right when minute chatting, and quality is heatproof plastics or fiberglass product; Pipeline underground part is by slag parcel insulation, and above ground portion is made the parcels such as mineral wool and processed, stretch into bakery let alone exposed.For 6X6M
2and above larger bakery, need separately add 4 minutes gas collecting apparatus 63.Compare with total gas collecting apparatus, except diameter little 1/3rd to 1/2nd, all the other shapes, structure, all just the same apart from ground free height etc.Its position is that center plumb line intersects with ground face diagonal, respectively apart from adjacent angular summit 1-1.2 rice.Within each minute, gas collecting apparatus 63, all underground, be in charge of 64 respectively share total gas collecting apparatus 32 with the cooling of circulation heating wind and negative pressure hydrofuge and be connected by the gas collection of 20 centimeters of left and right of diameter.Circulation heating wind centrifuge 3, is the power source of whole circulation heating wind baking system, the exposed heat radiation of motor, but shell need be gone bail for, thermometer bulb is wrapped up in processing; Select air quantity 3-5 ten thousand M
3/ hour, the quiet and resistant to elevated temperatures type of blast 300-500Pa.Burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis 4 is engineering thermal source sections of whole circulation heating wind baking subsystem, it is by combustion-supporting air blast 33, ashes chamber door 34, ashes chamber 35, combustion chamber filling door 36, grate 37, combustion chamber 38, chimney air flue import 39, hot-blast outlet flange 40, chimney 41, security personnel's relief valve 42, large water tank is subject to heat supply to wear case pipe row 43, metal large water tank 44, large water tank circulated air suction flange 45, large water tank is worn case flue comb 46, combustion chamber flue 47, fire-resistant or insulating brick masonry 48, heat carrier water 49, large water tank water level sight glass pipe 50, enter (row) sluice (ball) valve 51 formations such as grade.Metal large water tank 44 is center fixtures of burning-heat carrier water-heat supply comb synthesis 4, profile is roughly sealing rectangle, reach 3 meters of left and right, two groups of iron pipes in case, have been arranged up and down along its length, upper group is large water tank and wears case and be subject to heat supply comb 43, lower group is large water tank flue and wears case comb 46, every group of iron pipe that has 30-40 root to do heat exchange, and the equal break-through boxboard in two ends of every iron pipe also welds anti-divulging.Iron pipe Nei garden diameter is 8-10 centimetre; When baking operation, in metal large water tank 44, filled heat carrier water 49, all iron pipes all submerge in water.The width of metal large water tank 44 and highly press the net volume amount calculative determination of bakery ground 1 every square metre of coupling >=50kg water.Large water tank is worn case flue comb 46, is combustion chamber flue 47 before it, then is combustion chamber 38 above; After it, be chimney air flue import 39, then be exactly chimney 41 below, they join end to end with the form of exhaust gases passes, be directly placed in 38 tops, combustion chamber accept the subsystem that heat energy has formed high-efficiency heating heat carrier water 49 simultaneously with metal large water tank 44 bottoms.Metal large water tank is subject to heat supply to wear case comb 43, is by large water tank circulated air suction flange 45, to make gas passage with the discharge pipe of circulation heating wind centrifuge 3 to be connected before it; After be by hot-blast outlet flange 40 and circulation heating air channel, for hot arc 6, to make gas passage to be connected, formed the important paragraph that the air in 49 pairs of circulation heating air channels of heat carrier water heats.Coal can be burnt in combustion chamber 38, also can oil firing or burning gas.If electricity consumption, electric furnace has just directly been placed in one; Or with electrothermal tube, directly in large water tank, substitute large water tank and wear case flue comb 46.Ashes chamber door 34,35, combustion chamber, ashes chamber filling door 36, grate 37 are established for burning coal.If oil firing or burning gas need separately be put nozzle (mouth) and igniter in combustion chamber 38.No matter use which kind of fuel, the Qi Yuting of its burning (burning coal refers to from dark combustion to bright burning) depends on the start and stop (power switch is directly controlled in electricity consumption) of combustion-supporting air blast 33, then the dominant force of upper end, has been exactly microcomputer control cabinet 17.Circulation heating air channel was put down and is extended bakery inner top centre by bakery gable tip for the second half section of hot arc 6, by elbow, bow and connect hemisphere hull shape, bottom is cone shape hot wind supply distributor 11, after be communicated with again the hot wind supply arm 10 of 4 horizontal radiation shapes, the end of this arm connects respectively to form to the elbow of lower open mouth receives the air duct of wind rotating guide vane 9 and rotation blinds heat supply public attention 8.Wind rotating guide vane 9 is that the device of rotary power is provided for rotation louver heat supply public attention 8, it by the straight plate of 4-6 piece around jacket casing axle center angle mount (positive counter-clockwise direction all can), by shape, as the heat resistant plastice sheet of rotary fan forms, by end of blade, be fixed on air duct inwall; Rotating blinds heat supply public attention 8 is also that heat resistant plastice sheet forms, and it is positioned at the opening's edge of fan cylinder, and it connects as suspension type by the bearing box in central shaft, and the upper end of central shaft makes screw rod through the jacket casing of wind rotating guide vane 9 and hat type is fixedly connected with.Another way is that wind rotating guide vane 9 is also made suspension type by bearing box independently with rotation blinds heat supply public attention 8 and is coaxially connected, and by being welded in, box out in cross center in air duct and nut is fixed in axostylus axostyle upper end.Like this, as long as have the hot blast of coming in fan cylinder, rotation blinds heat supply public attention 8 will provide pulsed, equilibrium are scattered and have had the hot blast of penetration power downwards to any one some position in bakery.Large bakery will be installed four rotation blinds heat supply public attention, and their central point is being crossed ground central point to the plumb line of each angular vertex line bisecting point respectively.The inclination angle of louvre blade is wanted≤30 °; If bakery is little of 4X4M
2, just only hot wind supply distributor 11 need be changed into fan cylinder style, wind rotating guide vane 9 is directly installed and rotation blinds heat supply public attention 8 is just passable, but the gradient of louvre blade to bring up to>=45 °, in order to avoid bakery center air quantity is on the low side on the contrary.Fire-resistant or insulating brick masonry 48 is the building elements with load-bearing of going along with sb. to guard him of burning-heat carrier water-heat supply comb synthesis 4, the part that surrounds 38He combustion chamber, combustion chamber flue 47 is with refractory brick, remainder is insulating brick, takes respectively resistance to burning and heat insulation effect into account.In burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis 4, be also connected with the large water tank water level sight glass pipe 50 that the valve of intaking or discharging water for metal large water tank 44 enters (row) sluice (ball) valve 51 and is convenient to visual metal large water tank 44 real time water levels.Top at metal large water tank 44, a tubulose security personnel relief valve 42 has been welded, its upper side has lets out steam vent, spiral shell cushion iron plate of middle horizontal position welding, on put the hollow light ball of a stainless steel, its effect is that prevention makes water temperature surpass 100 ℃ because control system breaks down, and needs releasing pressure automatically to ensure public security and warn and set.
Negative pressure hydrofuge cooling subsystem shares total gas collecting apparatus 32, negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe 30, negative pressure hydrofuge centrifuge 21, the negative pressure hydrofuge centrifuge air outlet door assembly 22 of visiting of lowering the temperature of lowering the temperature by intensive suspensions of fresh tobacco leaf superelevation Huo Long Xiang Zhuanduiceng district 16, circulation heating wind and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge and forms.The front end of negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe 30 is jointly connected circulation heating wind with circulation heating air channel gas collecting segment 2 and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge shares total gas collecting apparatus 32, three is that the pipeline of three way type connects, this pipe quality is still heat resistant plastice or fiberglass, bore can be identical with the homogeneity pipe fitting in circulation heating wind subsystem, also can be as small as 2/3rds left and right, but deliberately do not make heat-insulation and heat-preservation, do not process.Negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21, air quantity is 2-3 ten thousand M
3/ hour, blast selects 300Pa just passable.The centrifuge air outlet special design of this subsystem and installed the negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet door assembly 22 of visiting additional, this door is visited, and is on the large door leaf of opens outward, to be separately provided with the combined type air door of inwardly opening little door leaf; Its integral body is by the opens outward air door interlinkage rotating shaft 53 being connected with the large door leaf 54 of opens outward, is attached to negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet door and visits on the lateral surface of ring flange 52; This ring flange is that vertical shape is installed and is connected with the air outlet of bolt and negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21, its opening outer, air channel, and also welding left and right side plate is the large door leaf falling of the opens outward bearing frame 55 of right-angled trapezium shape; It is that the wicket page of inwardly opening of right-angled trapezium shape falls bearing frame 58 after rise that the ，Yan hole, square hole that has again common center point on the large door leaf of combined type air door is inwardly welded with left and right side plate again; The top of this bearing frame, is attached with inside open air door interlinkage rotating shaft 56, and be connected can in negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet door is visited the wind passage mouth of ring flange 52, left and right rotates freely inwardly open wicket page 57; Like this, negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 shut down or bakery inside and outside substantially without draught head in the situation that, two door leafs of size all can lean against the large door leaf of opens outward and fall bearing frame 55 after rise and inwardly hold on wicket page falling bearing frame 58 because gravity hangs down respectively naturally, be left unlocked or unlatched shape blocking negative pressure hydrofuge lower the temperature collecting pipe 30 air inlet or give vent to anger; Form the width dimensions that two door leafs fall the upper and lower plates of bearing frame after rise, adopt after two door leafs all fall after rise naturally, each remains under the situation of 7-8 ° and determines with the angle of vertical guide; Can keep like this door leaf and fall bearing frame after rise have good naturally airtight degree; When 21 operation of instruction negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge, higher blast (if our blower fan of choosing is 300Pa blast), the wicket page 57 that will make inwardly to open tightly abuts in inwardly to be opened wicket page and falls after rise on bearing frame 58, and together with the large door leaf 54 of opens outward, around opens outward air door interlinkage rotating shaft 53 rotations, door opening is opened greatly, add the air intake passage not now being unlocked in bakery, this has just caused the negative pressure state of higher-strength in bakery, be particularly conducive to the relative humidity in rapid reduction bakery, simultaneous temperature also can produce downward interim adjustment; When negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifugal blower 21 is shut down; no matter which kind of reason has produced even very little negative pressure (as 20-30Pa); inwardly hold wicket page 57 and all can and inwardly open air inlet (perhaps just slightly opening) around inside open air door rotating shaft 56 rotations, until bakery inner air and outer air pressure falls back to nature when basically identical, dangle and be left unlocked or unlatched the state of closing.
Automatically control subsystem by microcomputer control cabinet 17, gather the water temperature sensing probe 5 of temperature, humidity information, humidity sensor probe 12, temperature sensing probe 13 in bakery, and three desk centrifuges that have also been included into respectively the first two subsystem simultaneously: circulation heating wind centrifuge 3, combustion-supporting air blast 33 and negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 form.Microcomputer control cabinet 17, what input and carry out is the program of formulating according to " baking expert curve ", is furnished with screen scroll simultaneously and shows relevant control index and the numerical value of measuring in real time.Temperature, humidity sensor probe, have many kinds, and it respectively possesses some good points and be not enough, need require precision, information gathering and the feature of electrification of measurement and the compatibility of microcomputer to select according to set-point.Water temperature sensing probe 5 is the water temperature probes that are placed in heat carrier water 49 tops of metal large water tank 44 splendid attires, and it only needs the precision of 1 ℃, as adopted semiconductor, temperature-sensitive, omnidistance linearity is also without special requirement.For temperature sensing probe 13 in humidity sensor probe 12 and bakery, they are all placed in moderate same position in bakery, and all exigent work linearity and resolution ratio, particularly temperature value are at the section of 35-55 ℃.If current electron type temperature, humidity sensing element are all gone back difficulty and are found satisfactory product in linearity and accuracy, might as well adopt the two electric contact thermometers of many groups to set to automatically switch as dry, wet-bulb thermometer segmentation and use, to guarantee that temperature, humidity in bakery meet the requirement of " baking expert curve " completely.
The complementary device being listed in outside three subsystems above also has: the softening fog-spray nozzle 15 of tubing pump pressurization flue-cured tobacco, it be suspended on one to one rotation blinds heat supply public attention 8 under, effect be when flue-cured tobacco baked when going out room, still dislike overdrying and crisp, the softening tobacco leaf of the loose fog of Artificial Control, can manually start circulation heating wind centrifuge 3 and make to rotate 8 work of blinds heat supply public attention, atomized water can be scattered more evenly simultaneously.Gas regulation airduct sheet through walls cylinder 14, it is fine and close bafta, length >=50 centimeter, be enclosed within 4 meters of height upper and lower, pierce on the air intake cylinder of heat insulation bearing wall 18, air intake cylinder outer end is connecting the air outlet of Niche type small blower; Tubular sheet can naturally droop flowing freely of superimposed blocking-up bakery inner air and outer air at ordinary times, does not also affect after negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 starts and makes formation negative pressure in bakery; And when alcove air blast starts, this sheet but can be blown out tubular and air intake; Its effect is the air component in manual adjustments bakery, and emphasis is the concentration of adjusting the carbon dioxide that affects enzymatic living beings chemistry process; If can purchase air component detector real-time, can be connected with microcomputer control cabinet 17 electrifications again, can be promoted to automatic control, processing is more timely like this, and effect can be better.The supporting washing basin 26 of bakery draining discharges supporting washing basin 28 with two air channels condensate water, it is all the little masonry of water storage of brick cement plaster, they are respectively by bakery drainage pipeline U-shaped curved 24 and two air channels condensate water discharge tube U-shaped curved 29, connect respectively again bakery land drainage pipeline 23 and two air channels condensate water discharge tube 31, then connect respectively bakery ground 1 and the bottom of circulation heating air channel gas collecting segment 2 and the bottom of negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe 30; The diameter of these pipe fittings is all 10 centimeters of left and right; The lower edge that the supporting washing basin gap 25 of bakery draining, two air channels condensate water are discharged supporting washing basin gap 27 respectively higher than connect on the delivery port of the U-shaped pipe of washing basin along and lower than the lower edge of the U-shaped pipe other end; Like this, when washing basin is filled water, just naturally filled the water of shutoff air turnover in each self-corresponding U-shaped pipe, as front end has water, can flow into swimmingly each self-corresponding washing basin, reverse flow is but impossible thing; Their effect is long-pending (condensing) water of automatically collecting respectively incessantly in bakery ground 1 and circulation heating air channel gas collecting segment 2 and negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe 30, does not but affect the interior negative pressure state that forms of bakery; Two washing basins can not be merged into one, because they have different building elevations.Observe or air sampling double pane 19, this window adopts parallel-moving type, and not adding bolt can be because of bakery inside and outside differential pressure automatic open close yet, and effect is to see through the situation in the visual bakery of glass, and the extraction air sample of also can temporarily windowing detects.
So far, form, quality, structure, effect, the Operational Mechanisms of all component devices of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery, connected modes all around etc., just know nothing left, only treat that Coordination has ideally completed the baking of flue-cured tobacco work of one-period.
The temperature value of heat carrier water in water temperature sensing probe 5 real time reaction metal large water tanks 44, and microcomputer need constantly be adjusted control according to sequential, be to set corresponding hour section water temperature in the section value of 1 ℃Wei Yige unit, while reaching the higher limit of setting, (while starting containing operation, met or exceeded higher limit), the combustion-supporting air blast 33 of instruction is shut down, and fuel stops bright combustion heat supply (electricity consumption is powered-down); When the inner chamber that circulated air is constantly subject to heat supply to wear case comb 43 by large water tank is taken away heat, while making water temperature drop to the lower limit (or moving while starting original just lower than the lower limit of setting) lower than this little period of setting, make again combustion-supporting air blast 33 start, rekindle heat supply (electricity consumption switches on power), so go round and begin again, make heat carrier water all the time in divide hour section that the servo condition of different temperatures section value heat energy is provided respectively to bakery.The lower limit of this section, generally should reach than setting this time period bakery higher limit and exceed again 3-5 ℃ and retrodict definite according to the actual temperature of rotation blinds heat supply public attention 8, the setting of this section higher limit,, according to the requirement to this period bakery temperature stability, allow that the maximum of the instantaneous maximum impact temperature difference is determined.For the baking of the post-drying type of first fermenting, the peak demand of hot blast generally only has 70 ℃ of left and right, heat carrier water can be heated to the highest nearly 100 ℃ also just enough.For safety, the present invention does not make to metal large water tank 44 design of pressure vessels that water can surpass 100 ℃ yet simultaneously.Setup control section is narrower, and the temperature stability of bakery is just higher, but the start and stop frequency of combustion heat supplying also can be higher, and energy consumption will be more.Weigh the advantages and disadvantages, find equalization point.Wanted flue-cured tobacco, shifted to an earlier date one day half a day or when filling bright leaf to bakery, start burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis 4, heat carrier water 49 has been heated to the higher limit of setting to first the little stage heat supply of flue-cured tobacco yellowing stage, servo stand-by.This heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery, the scale of construction very large (large room approaches up to ten thousand kilograms) that is installed in fresh tobacco leaf, if bright leaf humidity ratio is larger, ambient air temperature is also higher, and the fresh tobacco leaf that has packed bakery into just may make temperature because metabolism is fierce or/and humidity meets or exceeds the temperature upper control limit value that the initial period of flue-cured tobacco flavescence is set naturally.At this moment no matter whether also filling the work of fresh tobacco leaf, need to enable microcomputer control cabinet 17 automatically or the artificial interim negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 that starts at once, temperature and humidity will be at once controlled.
After fresh tobacco leaf dress room completes, all equipment in servo duty that makes the circuit of, closeall door, window, start microcomputer control cabinet 17, at any time the data variation on view screen and to burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis 4 interpolation fuel.After baking starts, whole baking cycle will complete baking of flue-cured tobacco work according to " baking expert curve " automatically without any confusion.
After baking starts, when the temperature in bakery is found out lower than " baking expert curve " the temperature lower control limit value of this hour section regulation by temperature sensing probe in bakery 13 in real time, microcomputer control cabinet 17 will start by instruction circulation heating wind centrifuge 3, and finally by rotation blinds public attention 8 to sending pulse here in bakery, the hot blast of the formula of being scattered, until while reaching the ceiling temperature value of setting this little period and stop.The intensive fresh tobacco leaf of superelevation discharges a large amount of heat energy and steam by the metabolic activity because of self undoubtedly, in addition from circulating air, obtain heat energy, increased the steam pressure difference of fresh tobacco leaf, the humidity in bakery always trends towards saturation state naturally superposing type.So the humidity of bakery is controlled, be completely only to drain in time within unnecessary water vapour remains at by relative humidity the higher limit that the corresponding time period sets.Temperature sensing probe 13 which kind of reason no matter in humidity sensor probe 12 and bakery, when two whiles or wherein any have first been crossed the upper limit controlling value of oneself, microcomputer control cabinet 17 all can start by instruction negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21, bakery is because of the negative pressure in nearly 300Pa, temperature and relative humidity all can decline rapidly, when no matter two indexs are simultaneously or successively drop to the lower control limit point of oneself, negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 just according to latter one (even if differentiates to go out priority, also the priority that has signal detection) reach the information of lower limit out of service by instruction.After negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 is shut down, inwardly open air door 57 can inwardly be opened and air inlet by negative pressure, until bakery inner and outer air pressure falls playback when in a basic balance after rise.No matter whether negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 moves, as long as the temperature in bakery drops to lower than the lower limit of setting this little period, circulation heating wind centrifuge 3 all can be opened by instruction, until the temperature value of bakery is while reaching the higher limit of setting this little period and stop.Like this, the situation that occasional generation circulation heating wind centrifuge 3 and negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21 move simultaneously unavoidably, this also has no relations, and is air in circulation heating air channel because negative pressure thins out a bit, and the effect of heat supply is lower.From final effect, due to the operation of negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21, through dynamically adjusting, the temperature and humidity that has ensured bakery all remains between the upper control limit value and lower limit that corresponding each little time period sets respectively constantly.This upper limit value and lower limit value, temperature difference is even only have 0.1 ℃, and relative humidity is poor even only have 1%, and the sensitivity that needs only temperature humidity sensing part is got caught up in, less control section all can be realized.Temperature is not less than lower limit, is that circulation heating centrifuge 3 startup in real time brings hot blast to ensure.As for relative humidity, foregoing endogenous reason, always keeps a kind of saturated situation that tends to all the time naturally, can frequently surmount the relative humidity higher limit to section setting in this hour, therefore needn't artificially promote.Generally speaking, under the reciprocation of circulation heating wind centrifuge 3 and negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge 21, in bakery by within continuing dynamically to remain at times chronologically the control section of temperature to setting minor time slice, humidity, until complete the baking work of one-period.
After baking completes, open wide all door and windows, allow its natural stability 1-2 hour.If dislike baked tobacco leaf overdrying embrittlement, can soften fog-spray nozzle 15 by artificial of short duration startup tubing pump pressurization flue-cured tobacco, spray humidification softens tobacco leaf, if of short duration startup circulation heating wind centrifuge 3 orders about 8 work of rotation blinds heat supply public attention simultaneously, the effect of the softening tobacco leaf of spray humidification can be more even sooner.
What should propose is, established " baking expert curve " is substantially not obtain as what present technique provided, large space precisely to be controlled under the background of temperature humidity and formed, deviation to some extent unavoidably, hope can be revised with continuous interactive the supplementing of present technique, more perfect " the baking expert curve " that acquisition meets local bright cigarette feature, toasts out quality and attains in perfect flue-cured tobacco.
Claims (8)
1. a heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery, comprises circulation heating wind baking subsystem, automatically controls subsystem, it is characterized in that: in circulation heating wind baking subsystem, be provided with burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis (4).
2. a kind of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: set up and take negative pressure hydrofuge that negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge (21) be the core apparatus subsystem of lowering the temperature.
3. a kind of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: burning-heat carrier water-hot wind supply comb synthesis (4), mainly by metal large water tank (44), heat carrier water (49), large water tank, wear case flue comb (46), large water tank and be subject to heat supply to wear case comb (43), combustion chamber (38), combustion chamber flue (47) to form.
4. a kind of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the public attention to baking of flue-cured tobacco room hot wind supply consists of air duct, wind rotating guide vane (9), rotation blinds heat supply public attention (8).
5. a kind of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: negative pressure hydrofuge cooling subsystem, shares total gas collecting apparatus (32), negative pressure hydrofuge cooling collecting pipe (30), negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge (21), negative pressure hydrofuge centrifuge air outlet door assembly (22) formation of visiting of lowering the temperature by intensive suspensions of fresh tobacco leaf superelevation Huo Long Xiang Zhuanduiceng district (16), circulation heating wind and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge.
6. according to a kind of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery described in claim 2 or 5, it is characterized in that: circulation heating wind and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge share total gas collecting apparatus (32), deck plate (59), blocking net (60), board pier (61), consist of.
7. according to a kind of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery described in claim 2 or 5, it is characterized in that: the gas collecting apparatus in the baking of flue-cured tobacco room that ground area is larger, shares total gas collecting apparatus (32), minute gas collecting apparatus (63), minute discharge (64) formation by circulation heating wind and the cooling of negative pressure hydrofuge.
8. according to a kind of heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery described in claim 2 or 5, it is characterized in that: the negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet door assembly (22) of visiting, is fallen after rise bearing frame (55), inwardly open air door interlinkage rotating shaft (56), inwardly opens little door leaf (57), is inwardly opened wicket page and fall bearing frame (58) after rise and form by visit ring flange (52), opens outward air door interlinkage rotating shaft (53), the large door leaf of opens outward (54), the large door leaf of opens outward of negative pressure hydrofuge cooling centrifuge air outlet door.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310544878.7A CN103549639B (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2013-11-06 | Heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery |
| PCT/CN2014/089144 WO2015067127A1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2014-10-22 | Heat carrier ultra-high density flue-cured tobacco baking chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310544878.7A CN103549639B (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2013-11-06 | Heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery |
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| CN103549639B CN103549639B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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| CN201310544878.7A Expired - Fee Related CN103549639B (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2013-11-06 | Heat carrier superelevation intensive flue-cured tobacco bakery |
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| WO (1) | WO2015067127A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
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| WO2015067127A1 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-14 | 赵子铨 | Heat carrier ultra-high density flue-cured tobacco baking chamber |
| CN104886750A (en) * | 2015-04-11 | 2015-09-09 | 巩永凯 | Tobacco baking house system used for observing information in tobacco baking house |
| CN105624838A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-01 | 常熟市振泰无纺机械有限公司 | Large-bin cotton blending box with inspecting and testing windows |
| CN106418641A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-22 | 天津大学 | Soaking type intelligent tobacco leaf baking device |
| CN111150278A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 李水风 | Novel quick-cooling type drinking cup |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114568730B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-02-17 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf baking device for process test |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103549639B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
| WO2015067127A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
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