CN103547295A - Autoclave for medical waste sterilization and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Autoclave for medical waste sterilization and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103547295A CN103547295A CN201280022549.XA CN201280022549A CN103547295A CN 103547295 A CN103547295 A CN 103547295A CN 201280022549 A CN201280022549 A CN 201280022549A CN 103547295 A CN103547295 A CN 103547295A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- autoclave
- sterilization chamber
- valve
- refuse
- cavity
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L11/00—Methods specially adapted for refuse
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/04—Heat
- A61L2/06—Hot gas
- A61L2/07—Steam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
- A61L2202/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2202/12—Apparatus for isolating biocidal substances from the environment
- A61L2202/122—Chambers for sterilisation
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a machine for the treatment of infectious waste in order to obtain its sterilization, and more specifically to an autoclave to be inserted in the processing cycle of medical waste, in order to disinfect and neutralize the biological agents by means of the inactivation of the pathogenic microorganisms, virus, and sporogenic bacteria contained therein. The autoclave is provided with two chambers: an internal and an external one, where high-pressure saturated steam is injected; the external chamber keeps warm the walls avoiding steam condensation and resulting leachate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field for the machine of the infectious sanitation waste sterilizing of danger.The described machine that is commonly called sterilizing autoclave has following object: implement extrahazardous clinical waste to carry out disinfection and biodegradation, to make pathogenic microbes, virus and spore-bearing bacterium inactivation wherein, obtain thus and can be integrated into the refuse in MSW, this MSW can betransported and dispose in public landfill yard and without any polluting or infecting risk.
More particularly, the object of the invention is, by sterilizing autoclave is installed in a larger workshop together with other equipment that are also intended to refuse was lost efficacy, by means of the effect of high-pressure saturated steam, thereby to obtain deactivating to microorganism.
According to the present invention, when one more complex process finishes, infectious clinical waste experience high-temperature heat treatment, continues to guarantee to make the required a period of time of microbial deactivation wherein comprising.
Breaking-up is irreversible and causes the Growth and reproduction function of microorganism itself to be eliminated.
In addition, this equipment does not produce filtering liquid, and simultaneously gaseous effluent is hunted down to processed by an applicable disinfecting process in workshop self, and then in the situation that the current law that character meets about emission be discharged in environment.As everyone knows, hospital, Health Service Laboratory and the every other tissue relevant to health service produce in a large number may infectious refuses, as such as binder, syringe, intubate or with may infectious patient and other materials of contacting of infectious refuse (as antibacterial, virus, spore etc.).
Described clinical waste needs special measure to prevent infection, until it is delivered to the center of appointment, it can be destroyed by hot means there.
Sterilization process is to reduce bacterial content to guarantee at least 10
-6s.A.L.(sterility assurance level).
Sterilizing is according to the regular part 1 of UNI 10384/94, by means of a kind of method, carries out, and the method comprises chopping and dry to reach following object: any camouflage and volume and weight that improves treatment effeciency and reduce refuse self distinguished of removing refuse.Only likely infectious dangerous sanitation waste can be by sterilizing.It to the sterilizing of infectious sanitation waste, is the feasible selection that the disposal of refuse self is simplified.
Background technology
A kind of known technology of the risk that keeps off infection is to collect refuse in container, and these containers are hermetic sealed and be moved to a collection center in hospital architecture thing after having expired.Described container is regularly shifted out by specialized company, and these specialized company's tasks are the workshops that transport it into appointment, and they are finally by heat damage there.
A kind of other known method is by means of chemical reagent, clinical waste to be carried out disinfection, and these chemical reagent contact with infected refuse at them or react during with radiation gamma.
Above-mentioned sterilizing methods reaches by refuse being placed in special container and adding a kind of disinfectant.After having expired, these containers are further placed in a microwave chamber; By this way by microorganism being carried out to heat and chemical action reaches sterilizing.Yet container is allowed for a single processing of special small-sized refuse, and in addition, it does not guarantee the desired level of infection prevention.In addition, described method has an other shortcoming, and it is used to the chemicals in processing by disposal and causes.
More on the whole, prior art has a series of shortcomings; First there is the substantive risk of infection in the personnel of medical treatment and the auxiliary staff of hospital and responsible transportation and disposal of wastes.
An other shortcoming is the cost of refuse transportation and its incineration, and this is in fact higher than the cost for home scrap.
Specify the autoclave for this object to there are a series of shortcomings, so that it not all may obtain desirable result all the time in refuse sterilization process.
One of these shortcomings are the following fact: in the time of in refuse is placed on autoclave, it builds up in machine, so that vapor action is more effective to being positioned at the refuse of stacking outside, but it to stacking in the middle of self the sterilizing of the refuse of enrichment invalid.
Another shortcoming is caused by the following fact: refuse is only by the Steam Heating being injected in autoclave, and after this this steam tend to the condensation on colder chamber wall by producing leachate.
A machine description of attempting to overcome above shortcoming is in patent WO99/12580 A2, and this patent has been described a horizontal high-pressure still, and it possesses for shredding refuse and by its decomposite device.Yet, have been found that by means of the refuse chopping that is only arranged in the scraper/blender of autoclave and be not enough to arrive the microorganism that is stacked on refuse, therefore make follow-up sterilizing not too effective.In addition, the autoclave being described in described patent does not provide steam injection in main sterilization chamber, but it only uses the steam being produced by the wet component that adds hot waste.Laboratory tests are verified, and the steam only being produced by the wet component of refuse is not enough to guarantee a good sterilizing level.
Patent WO 92/12738 has described a kind of for clinical waste being carried out to the method for sterilizing.Described method provides, and refuse is first drawn in a container and after this by means of rotating vane, is shredded.There is the shortcoming being caused by adopted chopping method in described method, this chopping method does not allow meticulous chopping refuse, and result is that the steam that is introduced into is subsequently not enough to destroy and is included in all microorganisms in refuse self.In addition the device prevention lacking for refuse is remixed and discharged, is emptied completely refuse when sterilization cycle finishes from internal tank.
Accompanying drawing explanation
These and other shortcoming are solved by the autoclave for clinical waste sterilizing of the present invention, and this autoclave is described in reference to following a plurality of figure in a preferred non-limiting example of other embodiment in the scope of patent self:
Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of autoclave, and the screw rod of this autoclave is rotated counterclockwise to obtain the stirring to refuse;
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of autoclave, and the screw rod of this autoclave turns clockwise to promote waste discharge;
Fig. 3 is a side sectional view of autoclave, and the screw portion of this autoclave raises to allow the maintenance work in autoclave to be carried out;
Fig. 4 is a sectional top view of autoclave;
Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view of a section of autoclave wall;
Fig. 6 is a top view of autoclave;
Fig. 7 is a detail drawing of the bottom support of screw shaft;
Fig. 8 is an example between medical waste sterilizing car, and wherein autoclave is carried out according to the clause of this patent.
The specific embodiment
Clinical waste sterilizing autoclave in the present invention is described with reference to the drawings hereinafter.
Specifically, with reference to figure 1, autoclave comprises that an inner sterilization chamber 1 and 4, two chambers of a cavity all comprise a capacity, portion within it, by operating under two different pressures two of high steam different and independently circuit be injected into; More particularly, within the whole persistent period of refuse cycle for the treatment of, low two bar of pressure in the vapour pressure ratio cavity 4 in described sterilization chamber 1.
To steam injection in cavity 4, determined to a heat exchange in inner sterilization chamber 1, made except maintaining a constant high temperature in chamber 1 self, promoted the heating of the refuse newly introduced, and further stoped condensate and so that the formation of leachate.
According to the present invention, the shell 2 of autoclave presents be supported on a base 21 one half hull shape, and comprises the cavity 4 that an inwall 3, high-pressure saturated steam flow and the outer wall 5 being covered by a thermal insulation layer 6 inside.In order to make shell resistance larger, there are many reinforcer 27 cavity 4 is interior, these reinforcer are connected inwall 3 with outer wall 5.
With reference to figure 1, the length of inner sterilization chamber 1 is passed by a screw rod 7, and this screw rod connects with an axle 8, and this axle is operably connected with a reduction gearing and a motor M; Screw rod 7 has two functions, when being applied in, stirring refuse maybe when being applied in, promote refuse to pass through valve 9 to discharge when the rotation of axle 8 is clockwise when the rotation of axle 8 is counterclockwise.In order to make axle 8 can stablize rotation, and allow this axle self easily from inner sterilization chamber 1, to be extracted out, an end 8a is inserted in a sliding bearing simultaneously, and this sliding bearing is fixed on a guiding piece 25.
One or more bars 10 are connected across with axle 8.These bars, at its end fixing scraper 11, help removal may be deposited on the refuse on inwall 3.
In order to allow vapor recycle, there are many valves in autoclave; Specifically, for making water vapour penetration to the valve 17 of inner sterilization chamber 1, for making water vapour penetration to one or more valves 18 of cavity 4, for discharging and one or more valves 19 of the condensate of the cavity 4 interior formation of releasing, a valve 20 of the air comprising for the inner sterilization chamber 1 of emptying when replacing with high-pressure saturated steam, for when process finishes from a valve 26 of inner sterilization chamber 1 discharged steam, for carry out a valve 29 of Bas Discharged from cavity 4 during steam injection.
Autoclave also has the many control appliances for sterilization process; And more particularly, for controlling two capacity sensor 23a and the 23b of the volume of the refuse that inner sterilization chamber 1 is injected into, and be positioned at a pressure transducer 24 of the base position of inner sterilization chamber 1 self.
With reference to figure 6, one or more windows 28 are present in autoclave top, and these windows allow biological indicator to be inserted in inner sterilization chamber 1.
In order to allow the maintenance work in sterilization chamber 1 to be carried out, autoclave possesses an open top 22, and this open top comprises a top flange 12, and this top flange is connected with one second detachable blank flange 13 by means of nail or bolt.
Refuse is introduced in inner sterilization chamber 1 by a valve 14, and this valve is positioned at the top of autoclave and is connected with it by means of flange 15.On the other hand, refuse is discharged from by valve 9, and this valve is fixed on autoclave base by means of flange 16.According to desired content, refuse sterilization process according to the present invention carries out by means of following steps:
1. open and load valve 14:
A. close drain valve 9;
B. make the scraper 11 being connected with screw rod 7 by means of bar 10 turn clockwise, to promote, with refuse, fill inner sterilization chamber 1;
C. by means of an applicable guiding piece 25, screw rod 7 is retained on axle;
D. by steam is injected and is made cavity 4 under pressure by valve 18;
The excessive condensate of e. releasing and existing in cavity 4 by drain valve 19, this drain valve is positioned at the position that is close to bottom drain valve 9;
F. by means of valve 20, discharge any air or vacuum;
G. reinforcer 27 guarantees to have from outside to inside with respect to inner sterilization chamber 1 probability of a minimum normal pressure;
H. continue to fill inner sterilization chamber 1 until capacity sensor 23a and 23b stop being rotated counterclockwise of screw rod 7.
2. close and load valve 14:
A. inner sterilization chamber 1 is complete and external isolation, and beginning cycle for the treatment of;
B. by stirring the refuse in inner sterilization chamber 1, screw rod 7 is rotated counterclockwise;
C. by steam injection valve 17 by steam injection in inner sterilization chamber 1, until the internal pressure of being measured by pressure transducer 24 arrives a predeterminated level; , by valve 20, the air in inner sterilization chamber 1 is sent in a high efficiency air filtering system meanwhile, is discharged into subsequently in environment;
D. the pressure in inner sterilization chamber 1 is maintained at all the time a value lower than exterior chamber or cavity 4, to promote to inner heat exchange, therefore stop and form condensate in sterilization chamber 1, and allow the liquid in chamber to evaporate according to the identical thermal cycle of refuse.
3. reduce the pressure in internal chamber:
A. when cycle for the treatment of finishes, before finding time now by the material of sterilizing, must reduce internal pressure;
B. activate a vacuum pump (not showing in accompanying drawing), this vacuum pump extracts any residue vapor, and the refuse in the inner sterilization chamber 1 of bone dry;
4. discharge sterilization chamber:
A. drain valve 9 is opened when receiving opening signal;
B. screw rod 7 reverses direction of rotation;
E. close drain valve 9;
F. produce a report, indication cycle for the treatment of parameter (time, weight, to refuse originate relevant data, operator);
G. process restarts from step 1.
Claims (8)
1. the autoclave for clinical waste sterilizing and its operational approach, comprise an inner sterilization chamber (1), described inner sterilization chamber (1) is comprised in a vertical enclosure (2), described vertical enclosure (2) is by first inwall (3), a cavity (4) and an outer wall (5) form, described outer wall (5) is covered by a thermal insulation layer (6), a vertical screw (7) is lengthways through this autoclave, scraper (11) is fixed on the axle of described vertical screw (7) by means of nail or bolt, it is characterized in that high-pressure saturated steam by operating under different pressures two independently circuit be injected in this inside sterilization chamber (1) and this cavity (4) in.
2. autoclave according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described cavity (4), during this refuse cycle for the treatment of and thus during the loading and drain steps of this refuse self, all the time steam is maintained than being injected under a pressure of high two bar of this steam in this inside sterilization chamber (1).
3. according to the autoclave described in above claim, it is characterized in that this inside sterilization chamber (1) lengthways passed by a screw rod (7), described screw rod (7) connects with an axle (8), described axle (8) is arranged to during this sterilization process and will be rotated counterclockwise when this refuse will be stirred in this inside sterilization chamber (1), and when this refuse will be discharged by a drain valve (9), turns clockwise when this cycle for the treatment of finishes.
4. according to one or more described autoclave in above claim, it is characterized in that a flange (12) is present in the top of this autoclave, described flange (12) connects with second blank flange (13) by means of nail or bolt, flange (12) and (13) both have applicable size to allow vertically to extract this screw rod (7) and these scrapers (11), and a refuse loads valve (14) and connects with this autoclave by means of an other flange (15).
5. according to one or more described autoclave in above claim, it is characterized in that a flange (16) is present in the bottom of this inside sterilization chamber (1), described flange (16) connects with a waste discharge valve (9).
6. according to the autoclave described in one or more in above claim, it is characterized in that this high-pressure saturated steam crosses valve (17a and 17b) by the independently link tester operating at different pressures and temperature and be injected in this inside sterilization chamber (1) and by one or more valves (18) and be injected in described cavity (4).
7. according to one or more described autoclave in above claim, it is characterized in that described cavity (4) exists a bottom valve (19) of releasing for air emptying and condensate, and for discharge a crown valve (20) of the air of existence this sterilization chamber (1) in during the implantation step of this high-pressure saturated steam.
8. for clinical waste being carried out by means of autoclave as claimed in claim 1 the method for sterilizing, comprise the following steps:
-open and load valve (14);
-close drain valve (9);
-the screw rod that turns clockwise (7);
-by valve (18) by steam injection in cavity (4), and may be by being positioned at bottom, the drain valve (19) that is close to drain valve (9) the excessive condensate of releasing;
-by the air in valve (20) emptying cavity (4);
-this refuse is incorporated in inner sterilization chamber (1), until as by capacity sensor (23a) with (23b) send signal and fill completely;
-stop being rotated counterclockwise of screw rod (7);
-close and load valve (14);
-be rotated counterclockwise screw rod (7) to stir this refuse in this sterilization chamber (1);
-by valve (17), steam injection is arrived in this sterilization chamber (1), until as detected and arrive operating pressure by pressure transducer (24), open valve (20) with the air by means of existing in inner sterilization chamber (1) described in a high efficiency air filtering system emptying simultaneously, subsequently this air is discharged in environment;
-during this whole sterilization cycle, the pressure in this inside sterilization chamber (1) is maintained than under a level of low 2 bar of internal pressure in cavity (4);
-when this loop ends, reduce the pressure in internal chamber (1);
-activate a vacuum pump to extract this steam from this inside sterilization chamber (1);
-open drain valve (9);
Direction of rotation the discharge waste of-left hand worm (7);
-close drain valve (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITBA2011A000015 | 2011-04-07 | ||
| IT000015A ITBA20110015A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2011-04-07 | "AUTOCLAVE FOR STERILIZATION OF HOSPITAL WASTE AND ITS PROCEDURE" |
| PCT/IB2012/000692 WO2013050822A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2012-04-04 | Autoclave for medical waste sterilization and operation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103547295A true CN103547295A (en) | 2014-01-29 |
Family
ID=44554241
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280022549.XA Pending CN103547295A (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2012-04-04 | Autoclave for medical waste sterilization and operation method thereof |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2694119A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2014512909A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103547295A (en) |
| IT (1) | ITBA20110015A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2013147284A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013050822A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107073143A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2017-08-18 | 斯特里利斯有限责任公司 | Equipment and its application method for handling clinical waste |
| CN109140991A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2019-01-04 | 上海沃迪自动化装备股份有限公司 | A kind of solid material disinfection system |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2483851B (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2015-02-18 | Massmelt Ltd | Waste processing apparatus and methods |
| CN103405794A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-27 | 成都中牧生物药业有限公司 | Fixable aseptic drying box for stilbene yellow peptide injection solution bottle |
| US10207302B2 (en) | 2015-11-28 | 2019-02-19 | Seyed Morteza Sadat | Infectious waste treatment system |
| KR101824573B1 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-03-14 | 이두형 | treatment apparatus of waste for medical |
| IT202100009308A1 (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-10-14 | Eco System S U R L | "AUTOMATIC PLANT FOR THE STERILIZATION OF HEALTHCARE WASTE WITH INFECTIVE RISK HIGH EFFICIENCY" |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5217688A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1993-06-08 | Lersner Wolf A | Process for the disposal of medical waste |
| US6139793A (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 2000-10-31 | Hydroclave Systems Corporation | Waste treatment control system |
| AUPP794698A0 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 1999-01-28 | Medivac Technology Pty Ltd | Waste treatment apparatus |
-
2011
- 2011-04-07 IT IT000015A patent/ITBA20110015A1/en unknown
-
2012
- 2012-04-04 WO PCT/IB2012/000692 patent/WO2013050822A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-04 EP EP12718338.2A patent/EP2694119A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-04-04 JP JP2014503225A patent/JP2014512909A/en active Pending
- 2012-04-04 RU RU2013147284/15A patent/RU2013147284A/en unknown
- 2012-04-04 CN CN201280022549.XA patent/CN103547295A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107073143A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2017-08-18 | 斯特里利斯有限责任公司 | Equipment and its application method for handling clinical waste |
| CN107073143B (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2020-05-19 | 斯特里利斯有限责任公司 | Apparatus for processing medical waste and method of using the same |
| CN109140991A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2019-01-04 | 上海沃迪自动化装备股份有限公司 | A kind of solid material disinfection system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2014512909A (en) | 2014-05-29 |
| EP2694119A1 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
| RU2013147284A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
| ITBA20110015A1 (en) | 2012-10-08 |
| WO2013050822A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
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Application publication date: 20140129 |