CN103545811B - A kind of Active Power Filter-APF based on Double-bridge type main circuit and control method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Active Power Filter-APF based on Double-bridge type main circuit and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Active Power Filter-APF based on Double-bridge type main circuit and control method thereof, belong to power quality control technology field.Its system configuration comprises AC network, nonlinear load, Double-bridge type main circuit.Double-bridge type main circuit contains two bridge circuits, according to the operating frequency of its switching tube, is divided into high frequency bridge circuit and low frequency bridge circuit, the power switch pipe high frequency modulated wherein in high frequency bridge circuit; Power switch pipe low frequency modulations in low frequency bridge circuit.This active filter compensation performance is good, is applicable to multiple utility power quality control application scenario, is with a wide range of applications.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an active power filter based on a double-bridge main circuit and a control method thereof, belonging to the field of power quality control.
Background art:
the rapid development of the power electronic technology not only promotes the rapid popularization of power electronic devices, but also aggravates the harmonic pollution of the power grid, and threatens the safe and stable operation of the power grid. An Active Power Filter (APF) is used as an advanced harmonic wave treatment means, can flexibly and effectively compensate the harmonic waves generated by the load, and is one of the advanced methods for improving the power supply quality of the power grid in the present and future.
The improvement of compensation performance is the main direction of active power filtering technology research, and the current main means include improving a harmonic detection algorithm, improving switching frequency, adopting a high-order grid-connected filter, adopting a novel main circuit topology and the like. The improved harmonic detection algorithm depends on the development of a digital processing technology, and the algorithm with higher precision has high requirements on the operation speed and resources of the DSP; improving the switching frequency is the most direct method for improving the compensation performance, but the performance of the active filter is limited, and the main circuit of the filter generates heat seriously with the improvement of the switching frequency, so the method is generally only suitable for a low-power system; the high-order grid-connected filter, such as an LCL filter, can effectively improve the waveform quality, but the design is too complex.
In comparison, the adoption of the novel main circuit topology has no additional requirements on a control algorithm, a switching frequency, an output filter and the like, so that the method is a way with higher practicability and feasibility at the present stage. However, the main circuit topology of the existing active power filter is mostly based on a single bridge circuit using a bridge arm as a unit, so that the flexibility of the main circuit structure is not high, and how to improve the flexibility of the main circuit structure has an important significance in providing more forms of main circuit structures and improving the comprehensive performance of the active power filter.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention aims to provide an active power filter based on a double-bridge main circuit aiming at the defects of the prior art, and provides a new thought for the main circuit topology construction of the active power filter.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an active power filter system based on a double-bridge main circuit is characterized in that the double-bridge main circuit is composed of a high-frequency bridge circuit, a low-frequency bridge circuit and a double-filter inductor.
Furthermore, the high-frequency bridge circuit is composed of a first high-frequency power switch tube, a second high-frequency power switch tube, a third high-frequency power switch tube, a fourth high-frequency power switch tube, a first power diode, a second power diode, a third power diode and a fourth power diode. The drain electrode of the first high-frequency power switching tube is connected with the cathode of the first power diode, the source electrode of the first high-frequency power switching tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second high-frequency power switching tube, the source electrode of the second high-frequency power switching tube is connected with the cathode of the second power diode, the anode of the second power diode is connected with the source electrode of the fourth high-frequency power switching tube, the drain electrode of the fourth high-frequency power switching tube is connected with the source electrode of the third high-frequency power switching tube, the drain electrode of the third high-frequency power switching tube is connected with the anode of the first power diode, the cathode of the third power diode is connected with the source electrode of the first high-frequency power switching tube, the anode of the third power diode is connected with the cathode of the fourth power diode, and the anode of the fourth power diode is connected with the source electrode of the third high-frequency power.
Furthermore, the low-frequency bridge circuit is composed of a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first low-frequency power switch tube and a second low-frequency power switch tube. The positive electrode of the first capacitor is connected with the drain electrode of the first low-frequency power switch tube, the source electrode of the first low-frequency power switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second low-frequency power switch tube, the drain electrode of the second low-frequency power switch tube is also connected with one end of a power grid and one end of a load, the source electrode of the second low-frequency power switch tube is connected with the negative electrode of the second capacitor, and the positive electrode of the second capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the first capacitor.
Furthermore, the cathode of the first power diode in the high-frequency bridge circuit is connected with the anode of the first capacitor in the low-frequency bridge circuit, the anode of the second power diode in the high-frequency bridge circuit is connected with the cathode of the second capacitor in the low-frequency bridge circuit, and the anode of the third power diode in the high-frequency bridge circuit is connected with the anode of the second capacitor in the low-frequency bridge circuit.
Further, the alternating-current side double inductor is composed of a first inductor and a second inductor. One end of the first inductor is connected with the anode of the first power diode, and one end of the second inductor is connected with the cathode of the second power diode; the other ends of the two inductors are connected with the other ends of the power grid and the load together.
A control method of an active power filter based on a double-bridge main circuit comprises the following steps:
step 1: sending the sampled power grid voltage and load current to a harmonic detection link to obtain a compensation current reference;
step 2: the compensation current reference and the actual compensation current are subjected to difference and then amplified to obtain a modulation wave;
and step 3: comparing the modulated wave with the positive unipolar triangular carrier wave, outputting a fourth pulse signal when the modulated wave is larger than the positive triangular carrier wave, and outputting a second pulse signal when the modulated wave is smaller than the positive triangular carrier wave;
and 4, step 4: comparing the modulated wave with the negative unipolar triangular carrier wave, outputting a third pulse signal when the modulated wave is larger than the negative triangular carrier wave, and outputting a first pulse signal when the modulated wave is smaller than the negative triangular carrier wave;
and 5: and comparing the compensation current reference with zero, obtaining a fifth pulse signal when the compensation current reference is less than zero, and obtaining a sixth pulse signal when the compensation current reference is more than zero.
Step 6: and computing the first pulse signal and the fifth pulse signal to obtain a driving signal of a first high-frequency power switching tube, and computing the second pulse signal and the fifth pulse signal to obtain a driving signal of a second high-frequency power switching tube, and computing the third pulse signal and the sixth pulse signal to obtain a driving signal of a third high-frequency power switching tube, and computing the fourth pulse signal and the sixth pulse signal to obtain a driving signal of a fourth high-frequency power switching tube.
And 7: and the unit sinusoidal signal of the grid voltage is obtained through a phase-locked loop and is compared with zero, when the unit sinusoidal signal is greater than zero, the driving signal of the second low-frequency power switch tube is obtained, and when the unit sinusoidal signal is less than zero, the driving signal of the first low-frequency power switch tube is obtained.
In the invention, the high-frequency bridge circuit adopts high-frequency modulation, and the low-frequency bridge circuit adopts low-frequency modulation, so that the loss is reduced, and the reliability is improved.
The main circuit of the invention adopts a double-bridge structure, so the degree of freedom is improved, and higher compensation performance can be ensured.
The invention is suitable for various power quality control systems.
Description of the drawings:
the invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an active power filter based on a dual-bridge main circuit
Reference numbers in the figures: 101-high frequency bridge circuit, 102-low frequency bridge circuit, 103-double filter inductance.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of each working mode of an active power filter based on a double-bridge main circuit.
Fig. 3 is a current control block diagram of an active power filter based on a double bridge main circuit.
FIG. 4 shows the simulated waveforms of the grid voltage, the grid current, the load current, the compensation current and the output voltage of the main circuit when the present invention is applied to a 220V/50Hz grid.
The specific implementation scheme is as follows:
the following detailed description of the embodiments is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active power filter based on a double-bridge main circuit according to the present invention. The main circuit of the circuit consists of a high-frequency bridge circuit 101, a low-frequency bridge circuit 102 and a double-filter inductor 103.
The high frequency bridge circuit 101 is composed of a first high frequency power switch tube SH1A second high-frequency power switch tube SH2And the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3The fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4A first power diode D1A second power diode D2A third power diode D3And a fourth power diode D4And (4) forming. Wherein the first high-frequency power switch tube SH1And the first power diode D1Is connected to the cathode of a first high-frequency power switching tube SH1Source electrode of and the second high-frequency power switch tube SH2Is connected to the drain of the second high-frequency power switch tube SH2Source and second power diode D2Is connected to the cathode of a second power diode D2Anode of and fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4Is connected with the source electrode of the fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4And the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3Is connected with the source electrode of the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3And the first power diode D1Is connected to the anode of a third power diode D3Cathode and first high-frequency power switch tube SH1Is connected to the source of a third power diode D3Anode of and fourth power diode D4Is connected to the cathode of a fourth power diode D4Anode of and third high-frequency power switch tube SH3Are connected.
The low frequency bridge circuit 102 is composed of a first capacitor C1A second capacitor C2A first low-frequency power switch tube SL1And a second low frequency power switchClosing pipe SL2And (4) forming. Wherein the first capacitor C1Positive pole and first low-frequency power switch tube SL1Is connected with the drain electrode of the first low-frequency power switch tube SL1Source electrode and second low-frequency power switch tube SL2Is connected with the drain electrode of the second low-frequency power switch tube SL2The drain electrode of the first low-frequency power switch tube S is also connected with one end of a power grid and one end of a loadL2Source electrode of and second capacitor C2Is connected to the negative pole of a second capacitor C2Positive electrode of (1) and first capacitor C1Are connected with each other.
First power diode D in high frequency bridge circuit 1011Cathode and first capacitor C in low frequency bridge circuit 1021Is connected to the anode of a second power diode D in the high frequency bridge circuit 1012Anode of and a second capacitor C in the low frequency bridge circuit 1022Is connected to the negative pole of the third power diode D in the high frequency bridge circuit 1013Anode of and a second capacitor C in the low frequency bridge circuit 1022The positive electrodes of (a) and (b) are connected.
The AC side double inductor 103 is composed of a first inductor L1And a second inductance L2And (4) forming. Wherein the first inductor L1One terminal and a first power diode D1Anode connected to a second inductor L2One terminal and a second power diode D2The cathodes are connected; the other ends of the two inductors are connected with the other ends of the power grid and the load together.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of various working modes of an active power filter based on a double-bridge main circuit, which is used for explaining the working principle of the main circuit.
When the grid voltage is positive for a half cycle, i.e. uSWhen the number is more than 0, the device has six working modes. At this time, the second low-frequency power switch tube SL2A first low-frequency power switch tube S with current flowing all the timeL1Remain off.
When the compensation current flows into the main circuit, the operation mode is as shown in fig. 2(a) - (c), and the first high frequency power switch tube S is at this timeH1And a second high-frequency power switch tube SH2Keep off, inductanceL1Current flows:
mode 1: the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2(a), the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3The fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4Is turned off and current flows through the first power diode D1A first capacitor C1A second capacitor C2And a second low frequency power switch tube SL2The body diode of (1).
Mode 2: the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2(b), the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3On, the fourth high frequency power is turned onH4The current is turned off and flows through the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3A fourth power diode D4A second capacitor C2And a second low frequency power switch tube SL2The body diode of (1).
Modality 3: the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2(c), the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3The fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4When the third high-frequency power switch tube S is conducted, the current flowsH3And the fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4And a second low frequency power switch tube SL2The body diode of (1).
When the compensation current flows out of the main circuit, the working mode is as shown in fig. 2(d) - (f), and at this time, the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3And a fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4Keep off, inductance L2Current flows:
modality 4: equivalent circuit As shown in FIG. 2(d), the first high frequency power switch tube SH1A second high-frequency power switch tube SH2Conducting current through the second low frequency power switch tube SL2A second capacitor C2A first capacitor C1A first high-frequency power switch tube SH1And a second high-frequency power switch tube SH2。
Mode 5: equivalent circuit As shown in FIG. 2(e), the second high frequency power switch tube SH2Conducting the first high-frequency power switch tube SH1The current is turned off and flows through the second low-frequency power switch tube SL2Second, secondCapacitor C2A third power diode D3And a second high-frequency power switch tube SH2。
Modality 6: equivalent circuit As shown in FIG. 2(f), the first high frequency power switch tube SH1A second high-frequency power switch tube SH2The current is turned off and flows through the second low-frequency power switch tube SL2And a second power diode D2。
When the grid voltage is negative for half a cycle, i.e. uSWhen < 0, the main circuit also has six working modes. At the moment, the first low-frequency power switch tube SL1A second low-frequency power switch tube S with current flowing all the timeL2Remain off.
When the compensation current flows out of the main circuit, the working mode is as shown in fig. 2(g) - (i), and at this time, the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3And a fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4Keep off, inductance L2Current flows:
modality 7: equivalent circuit As shown in FIG. 2(g), the first high frequency power switch tube SH1A second high-frequency power switch tube SH2The current flows through the first low-frequency power switch tube S when the power switch is turned offL1Body diode and first capacitor C1A second capacitor C2And a second power diode D2。
Modality 8: the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2(h), the second high-frequency power switch tube SH2Conducting first high-frequency power switch tube SH1The current flows through the first low-frequency power switch tube S when the power switch is turned offL1Body diode and first capacitor C1A third power diode D3And a second high-frequency power switch tube SH2。
Modality 9: equivalent circuit As shown in FIG. 2(i), the first high frequency power switch tube SH1A second high-frequency power switch tube SH2Conducting current flows through the first low-frequency power switch tube SL1Body diode and first high-frequency power switch tube SH1And a second high-frequency power switch tube SH2。
When the compensation current flows into the main circuit, the operation mode is as shown in fig. 2(j) - (1), and at this time, the first high-frequency power switch tube SH1And a second high-frequency power switch tube SH2Keep off, inductance L1Current flows:
modality 10: the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2(j), the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3The fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4When the third high-frequency power switch tube S is conducted, the current flowsH3The fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4A second capacitor C2A first capacitor C1And a first low-frequency power switch tube SL1。
Modality 11: the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2(k), and the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3Conducting fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4The current is turned off and flows through the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3A fourth power diode D4A first capacitor C1And a first low-frequency power switch tube SL1。
Modality 12: the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2(1), the third high-frequency power switch tube SH3The fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4Is turned off and current flows through the first power diode D1And a first low-frequency power switch tube SL1。
In order to realize the working principle, the current control method shown in the attached figure 3 is adopted, and the method comprises the following implementation steps:
step 1: the sampled power grid voltage uSAnd a load current iLSending the current to a harmonic detection link to obtain a compensation current reference iC *；
Step 2: reference i of compensation currentC *With the actual compensation current iCObtaining a modulation wave m through amplification after difference is made;
and step 3: comparing the modulated wave m with the positive unipolar triangular carrier wave c +, and when the modulated wave is larger than the positive triangular carrier waveThen, the fourth pulse signal q is outputted4When the modulation wave is smaller than the positive polarity triangular carrier wave, a second pulse signal q is output2；
And 4, step 4: comparing the modulated wave m with the negative unipolar triangular carrier wave c-, and outputting a third pulse signal q when the modulated wave is larger than the negative triangular carrier wave3When the modulated wave is smaller than the negative triangular carrier, the first pulse signal q is output1；
And 5: reference i of compensation currentC *Comparing with zero, and obtaining a fifth pulse signal q when the compensation current reference is less than zero5When the compensation current reference is larger than zero, a sixth pulse signal q is obtained6。
Step 6: for the first pulse signal q1And a fifth pulse frequency number q5And operation is carried out to obtain a first high-frequency power switch tube SH1Drive signal Q ofH1For the second pulse signal q2And a fifth pulse frequency number q5And operation is carried out to obtain a second high-frequency power switch tube SH2Drive signal Q ofH2For the third pulse signal q3And a sixth pulse frequency number q6And operation is carried out to obtain a third high-frequency power switch tube SH3Drive signal Q ofH3For the fourth pulse signal q4And a sixth pulse frequency number q6And operation is carried out to obtain a fourth high-frequency power switch tube SH4Drive signal Q ofH4。
And 7: will the network voltage uSObtaining unit sinusoidal signal e through phase-locked loopSAnd compares it with zero when the unit sinusoidal signal eSWhen the voltage is more than zero, a second low-frequency power switch tube S is obtainedL2Drive signal Q ofL2When unit sine signal eSWhen the voltage is less than zero, a first low-frequency power switch tube S is obtainedL1Drive signal Q ofL1。
Under the MATLAB software environment, a simulation model is established for the method and waveform analysis is carried out under the dynamic condition. FIG. 4 shows simulated waveforms of grid voltage, grid current, load current, compensation current and main circuit output voltage applied to a 220V/50Hz grid. Simulation shows that the active power filter based on the double-bridge main circuit has good harmonic suppression capability.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an active power filter based on double bridge formula main circuit, includes electric wire netting, load, double bridge formula main circuit, and double bridge formula main circuit and load parallel access electric wire netting, its characterized in that: the double-bridge main circuit consists of a high-frequency bridge circuit (1), a low-frequency bridge circuit (2) and double filtering inductors (3); wherein,
the high-frequency bridge circuit (1) is composed of a first high-frequency power switch tube (S)H1) A second high-frequency power switch tube (S)H2) And the third high frequency power switch tube (S)H3) And a fourth high-frequency power switch tube (S)H4)、A first power diode (D)1) A second power diode (D)2) A third power diode (D)3) And a fourth power diode (D)4) Forming; wherein the first high-frequency power switch tube (S)H1) And the first power diode (D)1) Is connected to the cathode of the first high-frequency power switching tube (S)H1) Source electrode of and the second high frequency power switch tube (S)H2) Is connected to the drain of the first high-frequency power switching tube (S)H2) And a second power diode (D)2) Is connected to the cathode of a second power diode (D)2) And a fourth high-frequency power switch tube (S)H4) Is connected with the source electrode of the fourth high-frequency power switch tube (S)H4) And the third high-frequency power switch tube (S)H3) Is connected with the source electrode of the third high-frequency power switch tube (S)H3) And the first power diode (D)1) Is connected to the anode of a third power diode (D)3) And a first high-frequency power switch tube (S)H1) Is connected to the source of the third power diode (D)3) And a fourth power diode (D)4) Is connected to the cathode of the first power diode (D4), and the anode of the fourth power diode (D4) is connected to the third high frequency power switch (S)H3) The source electrodes of the two-way transistor are connected;
the low-frequency bridge circuit (2) is composed of a first capacitor (C)1) A second capacitor (C)2) A first low frequency power switch tube (S)L1) And a second low frequency power switch tube (S)L2) Is formed of a first capacitor (C)1) Positive pole and first low-frequency power switch tube (S)L1) Is connected with the drain electrode of the first low-frequency power switch tube (S)L1) And a second low frequency power switch tube (S)L2) Is connected with the drain of the first low-frequency power switch tube (S)L2) Is further connected to one end of the grid and the load, a second low frequency power switching tube (S)L2) And a second capacitance (C)2) Is connected to the negative pole of a second capacitor (C)2) Positive electrode and first capacitor (C)1) The negative electrodes are connected;
a first power diode (D) in the high-frequency bridge circuit (1)1) And a first capacitor (C) in the low-frequency bridge circuit (2)1) Connected with the positive pole of the high-frequency bridgeA second power diode (D) in the circuit (1)2) And a second capacitor (C) in the low-frequency bridge circuit (2)2) Is connected to the negative pole of a third power diode (D) in the high-frequency bridge circuit (1)3) And a second capacitor (C) in the low-frequency bridge circuit (2)2) The positive electrodes of the two electrodes are connected;
the double-filter inductor (3) is composed of a first inductor (L)1) And a second inductance (L)2) Is formed of a first inductor (L)1) One terminal and a first power diode (D)1) Anode connected to a second inductor (L)2) One terminal and a second power diode (D)2) The cathodes are connected; the other ends of the two inductors are connected with the other ends of the power grid and the load together.
2. The method for controlling the active power filter based on the double-bridge main circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the sampled grid voltage (u)S) And load current (i)L) Sending the current to a harmonic detection link to obtain a compensation current reference (i)C *)；
Step 2: reference the compensating current (i)C *) With the actual compensation current (i)C) After difference is made, a modulation wave (m) is obtained through amplification;
and step 3: the modulated wave (m) is compared with the positive unipolar triangular carrier wave (c +) and when the modulated wave is larger than the positive triangular carrier wave, a fourth pulse signal (q) is output4) When the modulated wave is smaller than the positive polarity triangular carrier, a second pulse signal (q) is outputted2)；
And 4, step 4: the modulated wave (m) is compared with the negative unipolar triangular carrier wave (c-), and when the modulated wave is larger than the negative triangular carrier wave, a third pulse signal (q) is output3) When the modulated wave is smaller than the negative polarity triangular carrier, a first pulse signal (q) is outputted1)；
And 5: reference the compensating current (i)C *) Comparing with zero, when the compensation current reference is less than zero, obtaining a fifth pulse signal (q)5) When the compensation current reference is larger than zero, a sixth pulse is obtainedSignal (q)6)；
Step 6: for the first pulse signal (q)1) And a fifth pulse signal (q)5) And operation is carried out to obtain a first high-frequency power switch tube (S)H1) Drive signal (Q)H1) For the second pulse signal (q)2) And a fifth pulse signal (q)5) And operation is carried out to obtain a second high-frequency power switch tube (S)H2) Drive signal (Q)H2) For the third pulse signal (q)3) And a sixth pulse signal (q)6) And operation is carried out to obtain a third high-frequency power switch tube (S)H3) Drive signal (Q)H3) For the fourth pulse signal (q)4) And a sixth pulse signal (q)6) And operation is carried out to obtain a fourth high-frequency power switch tube (S)H4) Drive signal (Q)H4)；
And 7: the network voltage (u)S) Obtaining its unit sinusoidal signal (e) through a phase-locked loopS) And compares it with zero when the unit sinusoidal signal (e)S) When the voltage is more than zero, a second low-frequency power switch tube (S) is obtainedL2) Drive signal (Q)L2) When unit sinusoidal signal (e)S) When the voltage is less than zero, a first low-frequency power switch tube (S) is obtainedL1) Drive signal (Q)L1)。
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| CN101043175A (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2007-09-26 | 重庆大学 | Three phase rectifying bridge DC side parallel type active electric power filter |
| CN102025145A (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2011-04-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Bidirectional chopper-based direct current active power filter and control method thereof |
| CN102025161A (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2011-04-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Five-level dual-buck parallel active power filter (APF) and dual-frequency half-wave control method thereof |
| CN102496933A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-06-13 | 东北大学 | Double parallel active power filtering apparatus |
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