CN103545798A - A Distance Protection Method for Fail-Open Components in Oscillating Blocking - Google Patents
A Distance Protection Method for Fail-Open Components in Oscillating Blocking Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的距离保护方法,包括下述步骤:采集保护安装处三相电流和三相电压;判断是否进入振荡闭锁状态;若
且转至倒数第二步,否则,转至下一步;若电流不对称度m≥0.65,开放距离保护;否则,转至下一步;若振荡中心电压中任一满足延时200ms开放距离保护I段,瞬时开放距离保护II段;否则,转至下一步;若中任一满足延时200ms开放距离保护I段,瞬时开放距离保护II段;否则,闭锁距离保护;若中任一满足时,延时150ms开放距离保护;否则,转至下一步;若中任一满足时,延时150ms开放距离保护;否则,闭锁距离保护。该方法提高振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的灵敏度,使距离保护在经较大过渡电阻故障时能够正确动作。The invention relates to a distance protection method for a fault-opening element in oscillation locking, comprising the following steps: collecting three-phase current and three-phase voltage at the installation place of the protection; judging whether to enter the oscillation locking state; if
and Go to the penultimate step, otherwise, go to the next step; if the current asymmetry m≥0.65, open the distance protection; otherwise, go to the next step; if the oscillation center voltage Either one satisfies Delay 200ms to open the distance protection section I, and open the distance protection section II instantaneously; otherwise, go to the next step; if Either one satisfies Delay 200ms to open distance protection stage I, and instantaneously open distance protection stage II; otherwise, block distance protection; if Either one satisfies , open the distance protection with a delay of 150ms; otherwise, go to the next step; if Either one satisfies , delay 150ms to open the distance protection; otherwise, block the distance protection. The method improves the sensitivity of the fault-opening element in the oscillation blocking, so that the distance protection can operate correctly when the fault passes through a relatively large transition resistance.Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电力系统继电保护领域的保护方法,具体涉及一种振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的距离保护方法。The invention relates to a protection method in the field of relay protection of electric power systems, in particular to a distance protection method for fault open components in oscillation blocking.
背景技术Background technique
距离保护作为输电线路、变压器的后备保护被广泛用于不同电压等级电力系统中。Distance protection is widely used in power systems of different voltage levels as backup protection of transmission lines and transformers.
电力系统发生振荡时,测量阻抗周期性变化,距离保护存在误动的可能,对于距离保护I、II段,由于动作时间较短,微机保护装置采取振荡闭锁元件防止距离保护I、II段在振荡过程中误动作,对于距离保护III段,由于动作时间较长,依靠动作延时躲过振荡,对于振荡闭锁过程中又发生故障,利用振荡闭锁中的故障开放元件开放距离保护I、II段,故障开放元件分为不对称故障开放元件和对称故障开放元件。When the power system oscillates, the measurement impedance changes periodically, and there is a possibility of misoperation of the distance protection. For the distance protection sections I and II, due to the short action time, the microcomputer protection device adopts an oscillation blocking element to prevent the distance protection sections I and II from oscillating. Malfunction during the process, for the distance protection section III, because the action time is long, rely on the action delay to avoid the oscillation, if a fault occurs during the oscillation blocking process, use the fault open element in the oscillation blocking to open the distance protection sections I and II, Fail-open elements are divided into asymmetric fail-open elements and symmetric fail-open elements.
常用电流不对称度m作为不对称故障开放元件,利用振荡中心电压作为对称故障开放元件。对于不对称故障开放元件,当线路处于重负荷运行时,发生经大过渡电阻接地故障时,电流不对称度m不满足条件,无法开放距离保护,造成保护无法正确动作。对于对称故障开放元件,振荡中心电压一般采取两段式,二者之间存在重叠动作区,开放时间不一致,当发生三相经过渡电阻短路时,开放时间较长,影响保护的快速性。The current asymmetry m is commonly used as an asymmetric fault opening element, and the oscillation center voltage is used As a symmetrical fail-open element. For asymmetric fault open components, when the line is under heavy load operation, when a ground fault occurs through a large transition resistance, the current asymmetry m does not meet the conditions, and the distance protection cannot be opened, resulting in the protection not being able to operate correctly. For symmetrical fail-open elements, the oscillating center voltage Generally, two stages are adopted, and there are overlapping action areas between the two, and the opening time is inconsistent. When a three-phase short circuit occurs through the transition resistance, the opening time is longer, which affects the rapidity of protection.
综上所述,现有的振荡闭锁中故障开放元件在应对重负荷下经大过渡电阻故障、三相经过渡电阻故障时,灵敏度较低,严重时无法开放距离保护,造成保护拒动。To sum up, the existing fault-opening components in oscillation blocking have low sensitivity when dealing with heavy-load faults through large transition resistance and three-phase transition resistance faults. In serious cases, the distance protection cannot be opened, resulting in protection failure.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的距离保护方法,该方法提高振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的灵敏度,使距离保护在经较大过渡电阻故障时能够正确动作。Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a distance protection method for fault-opening elements in oscillation blocking, which improves the sensitivity of fault-opening elements in oscillation blocking, so that distance protection can Act right.
本发明的目的是采用下述技术方案实现的:The object of the present invention is to adopt following technical scheme to realize:
本发明提供一种振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的距离保护方法,其改进之处在于,所述方法包括下述步骤:The present invention provides a distance protection method for fault-opening elements in oscillation locking, the improvement of which is that the method includes the following steps:
(1)采集保护安装处三相电流和三相电压;(1) Collect the three-phase current and three-phase voltage at the protection installation;
(2)判断是否进入振荡闭锁状态;(2) Judging whether to enter the oscillation locking state;
(3)若相为基准的负序电流的绝对值小于负序电流定值且相为基准的零序电流的绝对值小于零序电流定值转至步骤(7),否则,转至步骤(4);(3) If The absolute value of the negative sequence current based on the phase is less than the negative sequence current setting value and The absolute value of the phase-based zero-sequence current is less than the zero-sequence current setting Go to step (7), otherwise, go to step (4);
(4)若电流不对称度m≥0.65,开放距离保护;否则,转至步骤(5);(4) If the current asymmetry m≥0.65, enable distance protection; otherwise, go to step (5);
(5)若振荡中心电压中任一满足延时200ms开放距离保护I段,瞬时开放距离保护II段;否则,转至步骤(6);(5) If the oscillation center voltage Either one satisfies Delay 200ms to open distance protection section I, and instantly open distance protection section II; otherwise, go to step (6);
(6)若振荡中心电压中任一满足延时200ms开放距离保护I段,瞬时开放距离保护II段;若m<0.65,且都满足闭锁距离保护;(6) If the oscillation center voltage Either one satisfies Delay 200ms to open distance protection section I, and instantaneous open distance protection section II; if m<0.65, and all satisfied Blocking distance protection;
(7)若振荡中心电压中任一满足时,延时150ms开放距离保护;否则,转至步骤(8);(7) If the oscillation center voltage Either one satisfies , open the distance protection with a delay of 150ms; otherwise, go to step (8);
(8)若振荡中心电压中任一满足时,延时150ms开放距离保护;若都满足闭锁距离保护。(8) If the oscillation center voltage Either one satisfies , delay 150ms to open the distance protection; if all satisfied Blocking distance protection.
进一步地,所述步骤(1)中,保护安装处三相电流分别为和三相电压分别为和 Further, in the step (1), the three-phase currents at the protection installation are respectively and The three-phase voltages are and
进一步地,所述步骤(2)中,若距离保护未进入振荡闭锁,直接开放距离保护,若距离保护进入振荡闭锁,计算相为基准的正序电流相为基准的负序电流相为基准的零序电流电流不对称度m和振荡中心电压 分别为A、B、C。Further, in the step (2), if the distance protection does not enter the oscillation lock, directly open the distance protection, if the distance protection enters the oscillation lock, calculate Phase-based positive sequence current Negative sequence current based on phase Phase-based zero-sequence current Current asymmetry m and oscillation center voltage They are A, B, and C respectively.
进一步地,所述电流不对称度所述振荡中心电压中的i分别为A、B、C、AB、BC和CA;Further, the current asymmetry The oscillation center voltage i in are A, B, C, AB, BC and CA respectively;
所述振荡中心电压中的Ui分别为UA、UB、UC、UAB、UBC和UCA,分别用下述表达式表示:
所述振荡中心电压中的分别为分别用下述表达式表示: 为线路阻抗角;The oscillation center voltage middle respectively Expressed by the following expressions: is the line impedance angle;
的单位是标幺值,其基准值分别为相电压或线电压的有效值。 The unit of is per unit value, and its reference value is the effective value of phase voltage or line voltage respectively.
进一步地,所述步骤(3)中,其中I2.set为负序电流定值,用于判断故障是否为不对称故障;I0.set为零序电流定值,用于判断故障是否为接地故障。Further, in the step (3), wherein I 2.set is the negative sequence current fixed value, which is used to judge whether the fault is an asymmetric fault; I 0.set is the zero sequence current fixed value, which is used to judge whether the fault is Ground Fault.
进一步地,所述步骤(4)中,满足与二者之一,同时m≥0.65即判断为线路发生不对称故障。Further, in the step (4), satisfy and One of the two, and at the same time m≥0.65, it is judged that the line has an asymmetrical fault.
进一步地,所述步骤(5)中,满足与二者之一,且m<0.65,且中任一满足延时200ms开放距离保护I段,瞬时开放距离保护II段;Further, in the step (5), satisfy and One of the two, and m<0.65, and Either one satisfies Delay 200ms to open distance protection section I, and instantaneous open distance protection section II;
任一满足表示为:满足下述表达式 和的任意一个;其中pu表示标幺值。either meet Expressed as: satisfy the following expression and Any one of ; where pu represents the per unit value.
进一步地,所述步骤(6)中,满足与二者之一,且m<0.65,且中任一满足延时200ms开放距离保护I段,瞬时开放距离保护II段;Further, in the step (6), satisfy and One of the two, and m<0.65, and Either one satisfies Delay 200ms to open distance protection section I, and instantaneous open distance protection section II;
所述任一满足表示为:满足下述表达式 和中的任意一个;Either of the Expressed as: satisfy the following expression and any of the
所述都满足表示为: 和表达式全部满足;All the above are satisfied Expressed as: and All expressions are satisfied;
其中pu表示标幺值。Where pu represents the per unit value.
进一步地,所述步骤(7)中,任一满足表示为:满足 和中的任意一个;其中pu表示标幺值。Further, in the step (7), any one that satisfies Expressed as: satisfied and Any one of them; where pu represents the per unit value.
进一步地,所述步骤(8)中,任一满足表示为: 和中的任意一个;Further, in the step (8), any of the Expressed as: and any of the
所述都满足表示为: 和全部满足;All the above are satisfied Expressed as: and all satisfied;
其中pu表示标幺值。Where pu represents the per unit value.
与现有技术比,本发明达到的有益效果是:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention reaches is:
本发明提供的振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的距离保护方法,通过改进对称故障开放条件,重新设计了对称故障开放区,减少了对称故障时的保护开放延时,提高振荡闭锁中对称故障开放元件的灵敏度,有利于快速切除三相短路故障,保证系统稳定运行,对于不对称故障开放元件,利用电流不对称度m和振荡中心电压互相配合,m开放严重不对称故障,开放轻微不对称故障,使距离保护在经较大过渡电阻故障时能够正确开放,提高距离保护的耐过渡能力。The distance protection method of the fault-opening element in the oscillation blocking provided by the present invention redesigns the symmetrical fault-opening area by improving the symmetrical fault-opening condition, reduces the protection opening delay in the case of a symmetrical fault, and improves the protection of the symmetrical fault-opening element in the oscillation blocking Sensitivity, which is beneficial to quickly remove three-phase short-circuit faults and ensure stable operation of the system. For asymmetric fault-opening components, use current asymmetry m and oscillation center voltage cooperate with each other, m open severe asymmetric faults, Open slightly asymmetrical faults, so that the distance protection can be opened correctly when a large transition resistance fault occurs, and improve the transition resistance of the distance protection.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明提供的振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的距离保护方法的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a distance protection method for a fault-open element in oscillation blocking provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
在电力系统线路上安装保护装置,功能包括主保护与后备保护,对于110kV及以上电压等级线路保护采用距离保护作为后备保护,距离保护受系统振荡影响,需要对距离保护I、II段采取振荡闭锁措施,为了应对振荡闭锁期间发生故障距离保护无法动作,需要配置振荡闭锁开放元件,振荡闭锁开放元件分为对称故障开放元件和不对称故障开放元件,本发明针对振荡闭锁中的开放元件进行改进,提高距离保护在振荡闭锁期间发生故障时的动作性能,提供了一种振荡闭锁中故障开放元件距离保护方法。Install protection devices on the power system lines. The functions include main protection and backup protection. For 110kV and above voltage level line protection, distance protection is used as backup protection. Distance protection is affected by system oscillation, and it is necessary to adopt oscillation blocking for distance protection sections I and II Measures, in order to deal with the failure of the fault distance protection during the oscillation locking period, it is necessary to configure the oscillation locking opening element. The oscillation locking opening element is divided into a symmetrical fault opening element and an asymmetrical fault opening element. The present invention improves the opening element in the oscillation locking, To improve the action performance of distance protection when a fault occurs during oscillation blocking, a distance protection method for fault-open elements in oscillation blocking is provided.
该方法的流程图如图1所示,包括下述步骤:The flow chart of this method is shown in Figure 1, comprises the following steps:
(1)采集保护安装处三相电流和三相电压:三相电流分别为和三相电压分别为和 (1) Collect the three-phase current and three-phase voltage at the place where the protection is installed: the three-phase currents are respectively and The three-phase voltages are and
(2)判断是否进入振荡闭锁状态:(2) Judging whether to enter the oscillation locking state:
若距离保护未进入振荡闭锁,直接开放距离保护,若距离保护进入振荡闭锁,以A相为例,计算A相为基准的正序电流A相为基准的负序电流A相为基准的零序电流电流不对称度m和振荡中心电压 If the distance protection does not enter oscillation blocking, open the distance protection directly; if the distance protection enters oscillation blocking, take phase A as an example, calculate the positive sequence current based on phase A Negative sequence current based on phase A Zero-sequence current based on phase A Current asymmetry m and oscillation center voltage
所述电流不对称度所述振荡中心电压中的i分别为A、B、C、AB、BC和CA;The current asymmetry The oscillation center voltage i in are A, B, C, AB, BC and CA respectively;
所述振荡中心电压中的Ui分别为UA、UB、UC、UAB、UBC和UCA,分别用下述表达式表示:
所述振荡中心电压中的分别为分别用下述表达式表示: 为线路阻抗角。The oscillation center voltage middle respectively Expressed by the following expressions: is the line impedance angle.
(3)若A相为基准的负序电流的绝对值小于负序电流定值且A相为基准的零序电流的绝对值小于零序电流定值转至步骤(7),否则,转至步骤(4);其中I2.set为负序电流定值,用于判断故障是否为不对称故障;I0.set为零序电流定值,用于判断故障是否为接地故障。(3) If the absolute value of the negative sequence current based on phase A is less than the negative sequence current fixed value And the absolute value of the zero-sequence current based on phase A is less than the zero-sequence current setting Go to step (7), otherwise, go to step (4); where I 2.set is the negative-sequence current setting, used to judge whether the fault is an asymmetrical fault; I 0.set is the zero-sequence current setting, use It is used to judge whether the fault is a ground fault.
(4)若电流不对称度m≥0.65,开放距离保护;否则,转至步骤(5);满足与二者之一,同时m≥0.65即判断为线路发生不对称故障。(4) If the current asymmetry m≥0.65, open the distance protection; otherwise, go to step (5); satisfy and One of the two, and at the same time m≥0.65, it is judged that the line has an asymmetrical fault.
(5)满足与二者之一,且m<0.65,且中任一满足延时200ms开放距离保护I段,瞬时开放距离保护II段;否则,转至步骤(6);(5) meet and One of the two, and m<0.65, and Either one satisfies Delay 200ms to open distance protection section I, and instantly open distance protection section II; otherwise, go to step (6);
任一满足表示为:满足下述表达式 和的任意一个;其中pu表示标幺值。;either meet Expressed as: satisfy the following expression and Any one of ; where pu represents the per unit value. ;
任一满足表示为:满足下述表达式 和的任意一个;其中pu表示标幺值。either meet Expressed as: satisfy the following expression and Any one of ; where pu represents the per unit value.
(6)满足与二者之一,且m<0.65,且中任一满足延时200ms开放距离保护I段,瞬时开放距离保护II段;(6) meet and One of the two, and m<0.65, and Either one satisfies Delay 200ms to open distance protection section I, and instantaneous open distance protection section II;
若m<0.65,且都满足闭锁距离保护;If m<0.65, and all satisfied Blocking distance protection;
所述任一满足表示为:满足下述表达式 和中的任意一个;Either of the Expressed as: satisfy the following expression and any of the
所述都满足表示为: 和表达式全部满足;其中pu表示标幺值。All the above are satisfied Expressed as: and The expressions are all satisfied; where pu represents the per unit value.
(7)若且且振荡中心电压中任一满足时,延时150ms开放距离保护;否则,转至步骤(8);(7) If and And the oscillation center voltage Either one satisfies , open the distance protection with a delay of 150ms; otherwise, go to step (8);
任一满足表示为:满足 和中的任意一个;其中pu表示标幺值。either meet Expressed as: satisfied and Any one of them; where pu represents the per unit value.
(8)若且且振荡中心电压中任一满足时,延时150ms开放距离保护;若都满足闭锁距离保护;(8) If and And the oscillation center voltage Either one satisfies , delay 150ms to open the distance protection; if all satisfied Blocking distance protection;
任一满足表示为: 和中的任意一个;either meet Expressed as: and any of the
所述都满足表示为: 和全部满足;All the above are satisfied Expressed as: and all satisfied;
其中pu表示标幺值。Where pu represents the per unit value.
本发明提供的振荡闭锁中故障开放元件的距离保护方法,通过改进对称故障开放条件,重新设计了对称故障开放区,减少了对称故障时的保护开放延时,提高振荡闭锁中对称故障开放元件的灵敏度,有利于快速切除三相短路故障,保证系统稳定运行,对于不对称故障开放元件,利用电流不对称度m和振荡中心电压互相配合,m开放严重不对称故障,开放轻微不不对称故障,使距离保护在经较大过渡电阻故障时能够正确开放,提高距离保护的耐过渡能力。The distance protection method of the fault-opening element in the oscillation blocking provided by the present invention redesigns the symmetrical fault-opening area by improving the symmetrical fault-opening condition, reduces the protection opening delay in the case of a symmetrical fault, and improves the protection of the symmetrical fault-opening element in the oscillation blocking Sensitivity, which is beneficial to quickly remove three-phase short-circuit faults and ensure stable operation of the system. For asymmetric fault-opening components, use current asymmetry m and oscillation center voltage cooperate with each other, m open severe asymmetric faults, The opening of slightly asymmetrical faults enables the distance protection to be opened correctly when a large transition resistance fault occurs, and improves the transition resistance of the distance protection.
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换,而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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