CN103544373A - Method for assessing cleanliness of intelligent power distribution network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for assessing the cleanliness of an intelligent power distribution network. The method comprises the steps that firstly, an energy-saving index is calculated, so that fossil energy consumption reduced through an adopted energy-saving measure of the intelligent power distribution network is assessed; according to the calculated energy-saving index, a gas emission reduction index is calculated; an electromagnetic pollution index and a noise pollution index are then calculated. According to the method for assessing the cleanliness of the intelligent power distribution network, the assessment indexes of electromagnetic pollution and noise pollution are added in the intelligent power distribution network cleanliness assessment process, so that intelligent power distribution network cleanliness assessment is more scientific and comprehensive. The cleanliness of the intelligent power distribution network is correctly assessed through the method and the method is beneficial to the improvement of the cleanliness of the intelligent power distribution network through measures.

Description

A kind of intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure, belong to intelligent grid field.

Background technology

Intelligent grid is the development trend of following electrical network, has the features such as safety, self-healing, compatibility, interaction, clean, efficient, high-quality, and wherein spatter property is the challenges such as intelligent grid reply lack of energy, ecological deterioration, realizes the inevitable requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction.Intelligent distribution network is the important component part of intelligent grid, and the efficiency of energy utilization that improves distribution link is conducive to realize the clean operation of intelligent grid.The widespread use that the access of the clean energy resource such as wind energy, sun power, the fast development of electric automobile, user participate in interaction, energy storage device makes intelligent distribution network can be accomplished in several ways energy-saving and emission-reduction.Spatter property to intelligent distribution network is assessed, and is the theory support that makes full use of, improves efficiency of energy utilization and operation of power networks efficiency, the distribution network construction scheme of implementing science, raising intelligent distribution network spatter property of guiding clean energy resource.Setting up intelligent distribution network spatter property evaluation index is the prerequisite of assessing, the rationality of evaluation index and model thereof is by direct impact evaluation result, thereby affect the construction of intelligent distribution network, be therefore necessary the spatter property evaluation index of intelligent distribution network to launch research.

At present, carried out the correlation theory research of electric system spatter property both at home and abroad, its main points of view is to reduce carbon emission, comprising: 1) by improving the ability of dissolving of the clean energy resourcies such as wind energy, sun power, reduce carbon emission; 2) optimize the charging load of electric automobile, implement intelligent recharge and discharge, reduce the randomness of charging load; 3) carbon emission is regarded to a kind of schedulable resource, form low-carbon (LC) scheduling method; 4) build Smart Home, intelligent residential district, encourage user optimization energy management, form low-carbon (LC) consumption power mode.

Above-mentioned spatter property Preliminary Study has been set up the low-carbon (LC) index system of intelligent grid and intelligent distribution network, but not yet sets up corresponding spatter property assessment models, especially reckons without electromagnetic pollution and noise pollution.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention: the present invention proposes a kind of intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure, in the evaluation of intelligent distribution network spatter property, increased the assessment to electromagnetic pollution and noise pollution, reduce the direct impact of power distribution network on user, reduced electromagnetism and the noise pollution of power distribution network.

Technical scheme: the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure, it is comprised of energy-saving index, gas abatement index, electromagnetic pollution index and four parts of noise pollution index.Wherein energy-saving index comprises coal saving amount and oil saving amount.Gas abatement index comprises carbon dioxide emission reduction amount, sulphuric dioxide CER and oxides of nitrogen CER.Electromagnetic pollution index comprises electric field intensity mean deviation and magnetic field intensity mean deviation.Noise pollution index is comprised of noise intensity mean deviation.

Existing intelligent distribution network by the clean energy resource of dissolving, reduce loss, reduce system reserve and change saving that energy-consuming mode saves coal and oil by way of.And the various saving that energy-saving index is taked above-mentioned power distribution network are just quantified as coal saving amount S1 and oil saving amount S2 by way of produced benefit.Suppose that the power requirement that intelligent distribution network reduces all born by coal-fired unit, according to energy consumption relation, can obtain corresponding standard coal equivalent saving by energy-saving potential and measure, set up the coal of following form and save figureofmerit model:

$\begin{array}{c}S1=a_0{W}_G=a_0(W_{\mathrm{DG}}+W_{\mathrm{Loss}}+W_{\mathrm{Res}}-W_{\mathrm{EV}})=a_0[\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{W}_{\mathrm{DGi}}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_2}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{({W_{\mathrm{loss}}}^{\′}-W_{\mathrm{loss}})}_i\\ +\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_3}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(P^{\′}{\mathrm{\η}}^{\′}-\mathrm{P\η})}_i{T}_i-\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{P}_{\mathrm{EV}}{N}_i{T}_i]\end{array}---\left(2\right)$

In formula, W _git is the energy-saving potential of intelligent distribution network; W _dGthe generated energy of clean energy resource, n ₁it is the number of clean energy resource; W _lossnetwork loss reduction, W _loss' be the loss of original state, W _lossthe loss of current state, n ₂it is the number of circuit; W _resbe system reserve reduction, P ' is the maximum power demands of original state, and η ' is the number percent that system reserve accounts for maximum power demands, and P is current maximum power demands, and η is the standby number percent that accounts for maximum power demands of current system, T _ithe working time of i period, n ₃it is operation period sum; W _eVcharging electric vehicle amount, P _eVthe charge power of each car, N _ithe automobile quantity of charging in i period, n ₄charging period sum, a ₀it is the rate of standard coal consumption of coal-fired unit.

Used for electric vehicle electric energy petroleum replacing, oil saving amount is that the fuel-engined vehicle identical distance of travelling need to consume.By charging electric vehicle amount W _eVcan obtain the distance L that can travel, with following formula, represent:

$L=\frac{W_{\mathrm{EV}}}{k}---\left(3\right)$

In formula, k is hundred km power consumption of electric automobile.

The travel oil consumption of identical distance L fuel-engined vehicle, the oil amount index that electric automobile is saved.Set up the oil saving amount model of following form:

$S2=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{K}_i{L}_i=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{K}_i{\left(\frac{W_{\mathrm{EV}}}{k}\right)}_i---\left(4\right)$

In formula, K is hundred km fuel consumption of fuel-engined vehicle.

The coal saving amount S1 that aforementioned energy-saving index calculates and oil saving amount S2 are further converted to gas abatement index, comprise carbon dioxide emission reduction amount P1, sulphuric dioxide CER P2 and oxides of nitrogen CER P3.Set up gas abatement index model as shown in the formula of (5)-(7).

P1＝a ₁S1+b ₁S2 (5)

P2＝a ₂S1+b ₂S2 (6)

P3＝a ₃S1+b ₃S2 (7)

In formula: a ₁the CO of standard coal equivalent ₂emission factor; b ₁the CO of oil ₂emission factor; a ₂the SO of standard coal equivalent ₂emission factor; b ₂the SO of oil ₂emission factor; a ₃it is the discharged nitrous oxides coefficient of standard coal equivalent; b ₃it is the discharged nitrous oxides coefficient of oil.

The present invention is divided into the assessment of electromagnetic pollution degree comprehensive assessment two steps of monitoring point assessment and many monitoring points, first the electromagnetism intensity of monitoring point is taken multiple measurements, after acquisition measured value, ask the mean deviation with safety limit, ask for again the mean value to a plurality of monitoring points mean deviation, as the comprehensive assessment index of electromagnetic pollution.The electric field intensity mean deviation of setting up herein and 2 index models of magnetic field intensity mean deviation are as shown in (8), (9) formula.

$E1=\frac{1}{n_6}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_6}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(\frac{1}{n_5}\underset{j=1}{\overset{n_5}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(E_{\mathrm{sd}}-E_j)\right)}_i---\left(8\right)$

$E2=\frac{1}{n_6}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_6}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(\frac{1}{n_5}\underset{j=1}{\overset{n_5}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(H_{\mathrm{sd}}-H_j)\right)}_i---\left(9\right)$

In formula, E _sdfor electric field intensity safety limit, E _jfor the j time measured value of electric field intensity, n ₅for measuring number of times; H _sdfor magnetic field intensity safety limit, H _jfor the j time measured value of magnetic field intensity, n ₆it is monitoring point total quantity.

The measured value obtaining by noise monitoring is A sound level normally, and the expression formula that is scaled equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level is ^[24]:

$N=101g\left[\frac{1}{n_7}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_7}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{10}^{{0.1N}_{\mathrm{Ai}}}\right]---\left(10\right)$

In formula, N _aiit is the A sound level that the i time sampling records; n ₇for the sum of sampling.

Noise intensity mean deviation is defined as:

$N1=\frac{1}{n_8}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_8}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(N_{\mathrm{sd}}-N_i)---\left(11\right)$

In formula, N _sdfor noise safety limit, different according to region of living in, select different noise safety limits, N _ithe equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level of i monitoring point, n ₈it is monitoring point total quantity.

Beneficial effect: the present invention is by adding the evaluation index of electromagnetic pollution and noise pollution in intelligent distribution network spatter property assessment, makes intelligent distribution network spatter property assess that science is comprehensive more.This appraisal procedure has correctly been assessed the spatter property of intelligent distribution network, contributes to take measures to improve the spatter property of intelligent distribution network.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the 69 node power distribution networks of IEEE in the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the modification of various equivalents of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, be the structure of a kind of intelligent distribution network spatter property of the present invention appraisal procedure, the 69 node power distribution networks of IEEE of take below carry out analysis and assessment as basis.As shown in Figure 2, at 48,6,65 and 22 Nodes access cleaner power sources DG1～DG4, at node, 16 places access an electric automobile charging station to this 69 node power distribution network.And hypothesis: cleaner power sources is exerted oneself constant, is respectively: 150kW(DG1), 200kW(DG2), 150kW(DG3) and 100kW(DG4); The charge power of each car is 45kW, and the total charge power of electric automobile charging station is constant; Hundred km power consumption of Rechargeable vehicle are 15kWh; Hundred km fuel consumption of fuel-engined vehicle are 7L; System reserve is 3% of peak load.

The rationality of the spatter property appraisal procedure proposing for checking the present invention, design following 5 schemes: 1. without DG access, without the initial power distribution network of charging electric vehicle; 2. based on scheme 1., drop into DG1 and DG2; 3. based on scheme 2., drop into electric automobile charging station, Rechargeable vehicle quantity is 4; 4. based on scheme 3., Rechargeable vehicle quantity is increased to 8; 5. based on scheme 4., drop into DG3 and DG4.In the unit of account time, energy-saving index and the gas abatement index of each scheme, be the results are shown in table 1.In scheme 1 without DG access, without charging electric vehicle, can only, by reducing the wastage and standby raising spatter property, by simulation result, can find out effect not obvious.5 effects of energy saving and emission reduction that have in various degree of scheme 2～scheme, spatter property is better.

The energy-saving and emission-reduction index of table 1 power distribution network

Index	Scheme 1	Scheme 2	Scheme 3	Scheme 4	Scheme 5
						S1/(kg)	1.6676	143.8960	64.1535	-16.8171	90.3372
S2/(kg)	0	0	60.4800	120.9600	120.9600
						P1/(kg)	4.1573	358.7326	353.1077	344.4213	611.5570
P2/(kg)	0.0267	2.3023	3.4819	4.6419	6.3564
						P3/(kg)	0.0127	1.0936	0.6327	0.1625	0.9769

First analyze energy-saving index, the firstth, as shown in Table 1, the difference of coal saving figureofmerit S1 under different schemes is larger for coal saving amount.Because DG1 and DG2 are incorporated into the power networks, improved trend distribution, loss reduces, and load peak diminishes, and has reduced coal-fired unit output, so the S1 of scheme 2 is maximum; The S1 of scheme 3 significantly declines, and its reason is that charging electric vehicle has increased workload demand, has offset the energy-saving potential of clean energy resource; In scheme 4, the value of S1 is-16.8171, illustrates that the energy-saving potential of DG1, DG2 is now not enough to meet the charging load of electric automobile, by coal-fired unit, is supplemented, and coal-fired unit output does not reduce, and increased on the contrary, so coal saving amount is negative value; In scheme 5, drop into DG3 and DG4 again, improved the adverse effect that charging electric vehicle load brings, the energy-saving potential of power distribution network is strengthened, coal saving amount increases.

From the simulation result of above 5 schemes, can find out that the increase that the value of coal saving amount S1 is exerted oneself along with cleaner power sources and increasing reduces regular following along with the increase of charging electric automobile quantity.A little less than the value of S1 is subject to system reserve and loss to affect, its reason is that access point position, capacity, electric automobile charging station position, the charge power of cleaner power sources affects trend distribution, makes the situation of change of loss comparatively complicated; Cleaner power sources reduces the effect of peak load and the effect of charging electric vehicle increase peak load is cancelled out each other, and makes the variation tendency of system reserve capacity not obvious.

By coal, being saved the above-mentioned Changing Pattern of figureofmerit S1 can infer, certainly exists the critical value n of a Rechargeable vehicle quantity when energy-saving potential remains unchanged in power distribution network ₀, Rechargeable vehicle quantity is less than n ₀time, S1>=0, Rechargeable vehicle quantity is greater than n ₀time, S1 < 0.Electric automobile quantity critical value n ₀meaning be, the energy-saving potential of current electrical network and its electric automobile quantity that can hold are mapped.The quantity of access electric automobile surpasses critical value, and with regard to needs, coal-fired unit increase is exerted oneself and supplemented.Although electric automobile has the substitution effect of oil, only changed the type that consumes the energy, really do not play energy-conservation effect.Extreme example is in power distribution network, there is no clean energy resource generating, and access electric automobile also increases its quantity.Therefore, the energy substitution effect of electric automobile be brought into play, its access quantity should be controlled, make charging load total amount be no more than the energy-saving potential of current power distribution network, otherwise, should first manage to improve the energy-saving potential of power distribution network, as increase clean energy resource generated energy, then increase electric automobile quantity.

From this example, although electric automobile is a low-carbon technology, its quantity is not The more the better, should adapt with the energy-saving potential of power distribution network, otherwise this disappears that is long just to there will be oil and coal consumption amount, " energy-conservation do not reduce discharging " phenomenon that CO2 emissions do not reduce.

The second analysis oil saving is measured ，Ge scheme PetroChina Company Limited. saving figureofmerit S2 as shown in Table 1 and is directly proportional to the quantity of electric automobile, and when the quantity of electric automobile constantly increases, also sustainable growth is measured in oil saving.

Then analytical gas reduces discharging index, and carbon dioxide emission reduction amount P1 depends on and saves coal and oil, and as shown in Table 1, it is low that the coal saving amount of various schemes has height to have, and oil saving amount increases with electric automobile quantity.In scheme 2～scheme 4, the variation of carbon dioxide emission reduction amount P1 is relatively steady, all remain on higher level and slightly decline, its reason is along with the input of electric automobile charging station and Rechargeable vehicle quantity growth, gasoline saving amount S2 also increases thereupon, the CO2 emissions that reduce by saving oil increase, the charging of electric automobile load increases simultaneously, offset part coal saving amount, the CO2 emissions that reduce by saving coal reduce, but the synthesis result of the two still remains on higher level.In scheme 5, drop into DG3 and DG4, coal saving amount significantly increases, and carbon dioxide emission reduction amount is enlarged markedly, and by 344.4213, rises to 611.5570.

As known from Table 1, sulphuric dioxide CER P2 shows a rising trend, this is because of the growth along with charging electric vehicle quantity, oil saving amount S2 is rapid growth also, although charging electric vehicle load growth, the SO2 emissions that increased coal consumption and caused, the sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions coefficient of oil is higher than coal, CER is greater than discharge capacity, and therefore sulphuric dioxide CER P2 increases generally.

As shown in Table 1, in scheme 2～scheme 4, the CER P3 of oxides of nitrogen has the variation tendency reducing gradually, reason is the increase along with the input of electric automobile charging station and Rechargeable vehicle quantity, charging load rapid growth, increased coal consumption, the nitrogen oxide emission being caused by coal consumption increases.Although electric automobile has been saved oil, reduced corresponding discharged nitrous oxides, the discharged nitrous oxides coefficient of coal is higher than oil, and discharge capacity is higher than CER, and therefore the CER P3 of oxides of nitrogen reduces generally.In scheme 5, drop into DG3 and DG4, coal saving amount significantly increases, and oxides of nitrogen CER is enlarged markedly, and by 0.1625, rises to 0.9769.

Ultimate analysis electromagnetism and noise pollution index, distributed power source access power distribution network has increased associated measurement and opertaing device; Distributed power source adopts power electronic equipment to control conventionally, has increased the harmonic current of electrical network; The injecting power of distributed power source has changed distribution and the flow direction of trend, makes protective relaying device more complicated, and increases current-limiting apparatus.As can be seen here, distributed power source access increases the number of devices in power distribution network, has increased electromagnet source radiation source, and electromagnetic intensity increases.Charging electric vehicle need to increase circuit transmission power, and the randomness of charging load has been aggravated the lack of uniformity that power distributes, and the circuit that heavy-haul line and transmission power change greatly will produce stronger induction field.That intelligent distribution network be take is wireless, power line carrier is main communication modes, has increased the electromagnetic energy discharge of communication link.

The running status of distributed power source is changeable, has increased equipment start-stop number of times, produces more noise; Distributed power source and electric automobile access have increased measuring and controlling equipment quantity, have increased plant machinery vibration and electric current running noises.

According to above analysis, can infer, electromagnetism and noise emission will constantly increase.Electromagnetism and noise pollution index are the mean deviations of safety limit and monitor value, and along with electromagnetism, noise emission amount increase, this deviation has the trend reducing gradually; When monitor value equals safety limit just, deviation is zero; When monitor value further increases, will be over safety limit, deviation is for negative.Make deviation less or for negative monitoring point be the weak link that need to show great attention to.

To electromagnetism, region that the noise pollution order of severity is higher, omnidistance reduction of discharging is carried out to the user who finally touches in the source that intelligent distribution network should produce from pollution, the path of propagation, mainly contain following approach: 1) when selecting new equipment, choose the novel device of low emission; 2) when used equipment is transformed, improve its installation environment, reduce the discharge capacity of pollution source, as install support and backing plate additional, be installed in addition with cage, radome etc.; 3) in the travel path of noise, electromagnetism, accelerate its decay, weaken pollution spread, as baffle plate, plantation trees etc. are installed; 4) be user installation absorption, the isolation facility of range of influence, further reduce the impact on user.

Claims (5)

1. an intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

1) calculate the fossil energy consumption that energy-saving index takes conservation measures to be reduced with assessment power distribution network;

2) energy-saving index calculating according to step 1) is calculated gas abatement index;

3) calculate electromagnetic pollution index;

4) calculating noise contamination index.

2. by intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 1), energy-saving index comprises coal saving amount (S1) and oil saving amount (S2), and its computation process is as follows:

S1＝a ₀(W _DG+W _Loss+W _Res-W _EV)

$S2=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_4}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{K}_i{\left(\frac{W_{\mathrm{EV}}}{k}\right)}_i$

In formula, W _dGthe generated energy of clean energy resource, n ₁it is the number of clean energy resource; W _lossnetwork loss reduction, n ₂it is the number of circuit; W _ressystem reserve reduction, n ₃it is operation period sum; W _eVcharging electric vehicle amount, n ₄be charging period sum, k is hundred km power consumption of electric automobile, and K is hundred km fuel consumption of fuel-engined vehicle.

3. by intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in, gas abatement index comprises carbon dioxide emission reduction amount (P1), sulphuric dioxide CER (P2) and oxides of nitrogen CER (P3), and its computation process is as follows:

P1＝a ₁S1+b ₁S2

P2＝a ₂S1+b ₂S2

P3＝a ₃S1+b ₃S2

In formula, a ₁the CO of standard coal equivalent ₂emission factor; b ₁the CO of oil ₂emission factor; a ₂the SO of standard coal equivalent ₂emission factor; b ₂the SO of oil ₂emission factor; a ₃it is the discharged nitrous oxides coefficient of standard coal equivalent; b ₃it is the discharged nitrous oxides coefficient of oil.

4. by intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 3), electromagnetic pollution index comprises electric field intensity mean deviation (E1) and magnetic field intensity mean deviation (E2), and its computation process is as follows:

$E1=\frac{1}{n_6}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_6}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\left(\frac{1}{n_5}\underset{j=1}{\overset{n_5}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}(E_{\mathrm{sd}}-E_j)\right)}_i$

$E2=\frac{1}{n_6}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_6}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\left(\frac{1}{n_5}\underset{j=1}{\overset{n_5}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}(H_{\mathrm{sd}}-H_j)\right)}_i$

In formula, E _sdfor electric field intensity safety limit, E _jfor the j time measured value of electric field intensity, n ₅for measuring number of times; H _sdfor magnetic field intensity safety limit, H _jfor the j time measured value of magnetic field intensity, n ₆it is monitoring point total quantity.

5. by intelligent distribution network spatter property appraisal procedure claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 4), noise pollution index comprises noise intensity mean deviation (N1), and its computation process is as follows:

$N1=\frac{1}{n_8}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n_8}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}(N_{\mathrm{sd}}-N_i)$

N in formula _sdfor noise safety limit, different according to region of living in, select different noise safety limits, N _ithe equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level of i monitoring point, n ₈it is monitoring point total quantity.

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