CN103543473A - Austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detector, detecting system and work method - Google Patents
Austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detector, detecting system and work method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103543473A CN103543473A CN201310507237.4A CN201310507237A CN103543473A CN 103543473 A CN103543473 A CN 103543473A CN 201310507237 A CN201310507237 A CN 201310507237A CN 103543473 A CN103543473 A CN 103543473A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detector, detecting system and work method. The detector comprises a sensor interface, an analog-digital converter a system level chip, a displayer and power supply equipment, wherein the sensor interface is used for collecting electromagnetic detecting signals output by a sensor, the electromagnetic detecting signals comprise weak current signals, induced by austenite heating surface oxide skin, of inductive electromagnetic field conversion of a constant-excitation magnetic field and weak current signals, not induced by austenite heating surface oxide skin, of spatial electromagnetic field conversion of a constant-excitation magnetic field, the analog-digital converter is use for carrying out analog-digital conversion on the electromagnetic detecting signals, the system level chip is used for operating and processing the electromagnetic detecting signals which are converted in an analog-digital mode and used for comparing the weak current signals of the inductive electromagnetic field conversion and the weak current signals of the spatial electromagnetic field conversion to extract information of the austenite heating surface oxide skin, the displayer is used for displaying operating and processing results, and the power supply equipment is used for supplying power. The austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detector can effectively improve the accuracy for detecting the austenite heating surface oxide skin and facilitates observation of information of the austenite heating surface oxide skin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power station equipment technical field of nondestructive testing, relate in particular to austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument, detection system and method for work.
Background technology
Along with scientific and technical development, overcritical and ultra supercritical thermal power generation unit comes into operation in succession at twentieth century end.Overcritical and operating mode ultra supercritical has improved unit generation efficiency greatly, also the high-temperature behavior of metal material is had higher requirement simultaneously.At present, these high pressure high temperature turbosets have adopted austenitic heat-resistance steel at boiler high temperature position in as heating surface tubes such as high temperature superheater and high temperature reheaters in a large number.Under hot conditions, austenitic heat-resistance steel pipe can form oxide skin at inwall, and oxide skin is easy to come off, and causes airflow obstruction in pipe, and pipe cooling effect is reduced, and wall temperature raises, and overtemperature tube burst occurs in a short period of time.Similar phenomenon frequently occurs, and has a strong impact on the safe and stable operation of unit.
For ferrite material, because linear expansion coefficient and the mother metal matrix of its oxide skin are very approaching, oxide skin forms rear difficult drop-off.Therefore, can, according to the difference of oxide skin and tube wall basal body interface both sides acoustic impedance, utilize ultrasound wave to carry out thickness measure to the oxide skin that do not come off of tube wall.This technology is ripe at present, aspect power station equipment Non-Destructive Testing, is widely applied.And oxide skin is larger with the difference of linear expansion of austenite heat-resistance steel matrix, when pipe surface temperature changes (especially in Unit Commitment process), easily from matrix, peels off and come off.In addition, water vapour discharges hydrogen atom in the process of oxidized metal, forms hydrogen, in oxide skin, form hydrogen defect simultaneously, or through oxide skin, directly in metallic substrates reaction, in metal and oxide skin interface, produce very high hydrogen pressure, the growth of accelerating oxidation skin and coming off.Therefore under water vapour condition, easily there is oxide skin peeling phenomenon.The oxide skin coming off is deposited under pipe the poor positions of circulation situation such as elbow, has reduced steam circulation area, reduces pipe exchange capability of heat, causes the series of problems such as pipe overtemperature.
The effective ways that the oxide skin situation of piling up for coming off at present detects are ray detection and pipe cutting inspection.Use ray detection method to carry out Non-Destructive Testing to oxide skin deposition in pipeline, by image, determine the distribution situation of oxide skin, the advantage of ray detection is accurately directly perceived, its shortcoming is to use ray to bring radiation risk, affect other service works in boiler, the more important thing is length consuming time, some position does not possess the operating space of placing X-ray machine X.The advantage of pipe cutting inspection is specifically, directly to check and to find oxide skin accumulating amount size, and shortcoming is that efficiency is low, and pipeline is directly cut, and needs repair welding, and workload is very large.For the electricity power enterprise very high for construction period, these two kinds of methods are not desirable methods.The method of therefore, work out effectively, oxide skin being piled up Non-Destructive Testing is efficiently very significant.A large amount of operations along with domestic overcritical, the large-scale unit of ultra supercritical, austenitic heat-resistance steel material high temperature superheater and high temperature reheater inner wall oxide problem become increasingly conspicuous, and have greatly increased the urgency of the lossless detection method that the austenite tube interior oxide skin amount of coming off is measured.
Theoretical analysis through mechanism that the physical characteristics of austenite heat-resistance steel pipe and oxide skin are come off, according to austenitic heat-resistance steel, without ferromagnetism, oxide skin (oxide of iron), there is ferromagnetic physical features, the oxide skin that adopts electromagnetic method principle to come off to austenite heat-resistance steel pipe inner wall detects, and is feasible in theory.More domestic research institutions, institution of higher education, electricity power enterprise, all carried out some useful explorations in this respect.These technical schemes are all, oxide skin magnetic physical features nonmagnetic according to austenitic heat-resistance steel, and the oxide that adopts electromagnetic method to come off to austenite heat-resistance steel pipe inner wall detects.Yet in fact, austenitic heat-resistance steel steel pipe, in the process of cold-working processing (being bend pipe), also can produce magnetic due to ess-strain, this is that back wash effect by magnetostrictive effect causes.Manufacturing enterprise, in process, does not heat-treat bend pipe in accordance with regulations, or does not do thermal treatment for cost-saving, so the bend pipe dispatching from the factory band itself is magnetic.In addition, on-the-spot welding operation, wlding quality, the oxidation of pipeline outer wall etc. all can cause pipeline with certain ferromagnetism.Carry out in this case magnetic detection, very easily cause testing result inaccurate, cause reviewer's erroneous judgement.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument, accuracy in order to effective raising austenite heating surface oxide skin magnetic detection, facilitate testing staff to observe the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, this austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument comprises:
The sensor interface of the electromagnetic detection signal of exporting for pick-up transducers, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises that constant excitation magnetic field is through the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction and the external electromagnetic field conversion that described constant excitation magnetic field is responded to without austenite heating surface oxide skin;
Be connected with described sensor interface, for described electromagnetic detection signal is carried out to analog-to-digital analog to digital converter;
Be connected with described analog to digital converter, for the described electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion being carried out to the system level chip of calculation process, described calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of described induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin;
Be connected with described system level chip, for showing the display of described system level chip calculation process result;
Be connected with described system level chip, for the power-supply device of powering.
In an embodiment, described analog to digital converter is connected with described sensor interface through signal processing circuit, described signal processing circuit, for the described electromagnetic detection signal of described sensor interface collection is carried out to signal condition, buffering, filtering and amplification, is exported treated described electromagnetic detection signal to described analog to digital converter.
In an embodiment, described sensor interface adopts 8 pin BNC(Bayonet Nut Connector, bayonet nut connector) Aviation Connector.
In an embodiment, the sampling precision of described analog to digital converter is 24, and sample rate is per second higher than 10 times.
In an embodiment, described system level chip adopts EP2C20F484C8 type FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array).
In an embodiment, described display adopts 600 * 400 resolution true color industrial liquid crystal displays, and display mode is that hyperchannel curve shows, the interior distribution curve of simulative tube shows or hyperchannel numerical value shows.
In an embodiment, described power-supply device comprises 2000mAH solid lithium ion rechargeable battery.
In an embodiment, described austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument also comprises:
Be connected with described system level chip, for storing the internal data memory of described system level chip calculation process result.
In an embodiment, described internal data memory comprises serial EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memo)), 64MB SDRAM(Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory, synchronous DRAM), 64MB FLASH(flash memory) one of them or combination in any.
In an embodiment, described austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument also comprises:
Be connected with described system level chip, for the communication interface to system level chip calculation process result described in outside device transmission.
In an embodiment, described communication interface comprises USB(Universal Serial Bus, USB (universal serial bus)) interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface one of them or combination in any.
In an embodiment, described austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument also comprises:
Be connected with described system level chip, for the keyboard of instrumentation interface is provided.
In an embodiment, described keyboard adopts PVC(Polyvinylchloride, Polyvinylchloride) film key, and embedded metal contact.
In an embodiment, the shell of described austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument adopts all-metal sealing encapsulation process.
In an embodiment, described shell adopts aluminium milling to make type, and processes through surface sand-blasting.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of method of work of above-mentioned austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument, accuracy in order to effective raising austenite heating surface oxide skin magnetic detection, facilitate testing staff to observe the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, this method of work comprises:
The electromagnetic detection signal of pick-up transducers output, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
Described electromagnetic detection signal is carried out to analog to digital conversion;
Described electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out to calculation process, described calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of described induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin;
Calculation process result is shown.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system, accuracy in order to effective raising austenite heating surface oxide skin magnetic detection, facilitate testing staff to observe the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, this austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system comprises:
For exporting the sensor of electromagnetic detection signal, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
The above-mentioned austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument being connected with described sensor.
In an embodiment, on the diverse location of described sensor in a detection probe, a plurality of detection Hall elements are set, described a plurality of detections cover examined pipe interior completely with the surveyed area of Hall element.
In an embodiment, the detection probe of described sensor inner side has and the circular shape of being examined outer diameter tube same diameter.
In an embodiment, in the detection probe of described sensor, band is useful on the magnetized permanent magnet of austenite heating surface oxide skin, and for the magnetic field of variation being converted into the magneto sensor of electric signal.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of method of work of above-mentioned austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system, accuracy in order to effective raising austenite heating surface oxide skin magnetic detection, facilitate testing staff to observe the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, this method of work comprises:
Described sensor magnetizes austenite heating surface oxide skin with the detection probe of permanent magnet, obtain a constant excitation magnetic field through the induction field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction, and described constant excitation magnetic field is without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction;
Magneto sensor in described detection probe is converted into electric signal by the magnetic field of variation, obtain electromagnetic detection signal, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
The described electromagnetic detection signal of described austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument pick-up transducers output, described electromagnetic detection signal is carried out to analog to digital conversion, described electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out to calculation process, calculation process result is shown, described calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of described induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic detection signal of pick-up transducers output, electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out to calculation process, wherein electromagnetic detection signal comprises that constant excitation magnetic field is through the weak electric signal of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction, and constant excitation magnetic field is without the weak electric signal of the external electromagnetic field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction, calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extract the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, even if austenitic heat-resistance steel steel pipe itself is just with and is magnetic like this, can when carrying out austenite heating surface oxide skin magnetic detection, not cause testing result inaccurate and cause reviewer's erroneous judgement yet, effectively improved the accuracy of austenite heating surface oxide skin magnetic detection.The embodiment of the present invention is compared as ultrasonic, x-ray method the measurement of austenite heating surface oxide skin and other non-destructive methods, radiationless, noiseless, pollution-free; And intuitive display, can facilitate testing staff to observe the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, thereby accurately judge austenite heat-resistance steel pipe scale inside accumulation distribution situation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of the method for work of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of sensor in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the experimental curve diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, sensor detection signal changes along with oxide skin ulking thickness in pipeline;
Figure 11 is the experimental curve diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, sensor detection signal changes along with oxide skin ulking thickness in pipeline;
Figure 12 is the experimental curve diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, sensor detection signal changes along with oxide skin ulking thickness in pipeline;
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of sensor in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the process flow diagram of the method for work of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the method for work schematic diagram of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making object, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further details.At this, schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument can comprise:
The sensor interface 101 of the electromagnetic detection signal of exporting for pick-up transducers, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises that constant excitation magnetic field is through the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction and the external electromagnetic field conversion that described constant excitation magnetic field is responded to without austenite heating surface oxide skin;
Be connected with sensor interface 101, for described electromagnetic detection signal is carried out to analog-to-digital analog to digital converter 102;
Be connected with analog to digital converter 102, for the described electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion being carried out to the system level chip 103 of calculation process, described calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of described induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin;
Be connected with system level chip 103, for the display 104 of display of system level chip 103 calculation process results;
Be connected with system level chip 103, for the power-supply device 105 of powering.
During concrete enforcement, sensor interface can adopt 8 pin BNC Aviation Connector, the electromagnetic detection signal of pick-up transducers output, wherein the electromagnetic detection signal of sensor output comprises: constant excitation magnetic field is through the weak electric signal of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction and the weak electric signal of the external electromagnetic field conversion that described constant excitation magnetic field is responded to without austenite heating surface oxide skin.Sensor can apply a constant excitation magnetic field from being examined pipeline external, owing to being examined pipe interior oxide skin or other ferromagnetic foreign matter has ferromagnetism, can induce one and catch up with and state the induction field that constant excitation magnetic field is relevant, adopt magneto sensor that this induction field is converted to corresponding with it weak electric signal; Meanwhile, another road magneto sensor obtains and applies weak electric signal corresponding to external electromagnetic field that there is no oxide skin behind constant excitation magnetic field.
During enforcement, sensor interface can also be embodied as sensor power supply, and pick-up transducers sign and configuration information, for subsequent treatment.When sensor is exported electromagnetic detection signal by hyperchannel, sensor interface also can be applied multichannel collecting electromagnetic detection signal, for example apply 5 passages and gather electromagnetic detection signal, wherein 4 passages gather constant excitation magnetic field through the weak electric signal of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction field conversion induction, 4 place's diverse locations; 1 passage gathers constant excitation magnetic field without the weak electric signal of the external electromagnetic field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction.Sensor interface cable and austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument internal transmission circuit can adopt shielding processing, to prevent that spatial noise from disturbing.
During concrete enforcement, modulus (Analog/Digital, A/D) converter carries out analog to digital conversion to the electromagnetic detection signal of sensor interface collection, the sampling precision of analog to digital converter can be made as 24 or higher, sample rate can higher than 10 times per second, thereby meet the measurement requirement that sensor detection probe is slided continuously.When sensor interface application multichannel collecting electromagnetic detection signal, the analog to digital converter multichannel electromagnetic detection signal of also can simultaneously sampling.During enforcement, analog to digital converter can also be monitored the parameters such as supply voltage, instrument internal temperature simultaneously, for instrument is normal, uses reliable reference data is provided.
During concrete enforcement, system level chip (System On Chip, SOC) the electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out to calculation process, this calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of induction field conversion and external electromagnetic field conversion, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin.For example, the weak electric signal that system level chip can be changed without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction constant excitation magnetic field, through the laggard line correlation comparison of identical pre-process, remove possible electromagnetic interference (EMI), extract useful signal, what this signal was expressed is exactly the information of being examined pipe interior oxide.System level chip can adopt EP2C20F484C8 type FPGA, and existing very complete interface function can be processed in real time to data again, can carry out complicated control and calculating.
During concrete enforcement, the calculation process result of display displaying system level chip, for example can be in real time or periodically demonstrate system level chip calculation process result, facilitate testing staff to observe the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, thereby accurately judge austenite heat-resistance steel pipe scale inside accumulation distribution situation.Display can also connect some peripheral chips, and these peripheral chips can complete some subsidiary functions, such as the calculation process result to system level chip is processed by demand.Display can adopt 600 * 400 resolution (can adopt according to demand other resolution in enforcement) true color industrial liquid crystal display.The display mode of display can have multiple, such as being distribution curve demonstration or the demonstration of hyperchannel numerical value etc. in the demonstration of hyperchannel curve, simulative tube, can show in real time the distribution situation that be examined oxide skin in pipeline by apportion waveform, the forms such as waveform, numeral of integrating; Can show multi-channel measurement curve data, distribution curve in the pipe after also can Graphics Processing synthetic can also show real-time multi-channel measurement numerical value simultaneously simultaneously.
During concrete enforcement, power-supply device can be ac plug, can be also battery.Battery can adopt the solid lithium ion rechargeable battery of 2000mAH or above capacity, for instrument provides clean reliable, durable power supply, can realize instrument continuous coverage more than 10 hours.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, in this example, austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument can also comprise: signal processing circuit 201.Described analog to digital converter 102 is connected with described sensor interface 101 through signal processing circuit 201, described signal processing circuit 201 is the described electromagnetic detection signal of described sensor interface 101 collections to be carried out to the special signal modulate circuit of simulation process, the described electromagnetic detection signal that can be used for described sensor interface 101 to gather carries out signal condition, buffering, filtering and amplification, exports treated described electromagnetic detection signal to described analog to digital converter 102.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, in this example, austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument can also comprise: be connected with described system level chip 103, for storing the internal data memory 301 of described system level chip 103 calculation process results.During concrete enforcement, internal data memory can have multiple, for example, can comprise serial EEPROM, 64MB SDRAM, 64MB FLASH one of them or combination in any.And for example in an example, internal data memory adopts 32GB high-capacity FLASH chip, and quick, reliable storage of measurement data, can realize storage of measurement data more than 100,000, for subsequent analysis.In addition, internal data memory can also be realized the operation information memory function of (comprising survey crew information, tested pipeline item, material, caliber, shape, wall thickness, Measuring Time etc.).
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, in this example, austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument can also comprise: be connected with described system level chip 103, for the communication interface 401 to system level chip 103 calculation process results described in outside device transmission.During concrete enforcement, communication interface can have polytype, for example, can comprise USB interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface one of them or combination in any, is that user uses providing convenience property.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, in this example, austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument can also comprise: be connected with described system level chip 103, for the keyboard 501 of instrumentation interface is provided.During concrete enforcement, keyboard can adopt PVC film key, and embedded metal contact, has both guaranteed dustproof index, reliability and durability again.The mode that can require that measurement is set, show and store relevant information according to keyboard during enforcement.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the instantiation of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 6, aforementioned signal processing circuit 201, internal data memory 301, communication interface 401 and keyboard 501 all can be included in the embodiment of the present invention in austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument.In Fig. 6, power-supply device 105 comprises ac plug and battery, and internal data memory 301 comprises serial EEPROM, 64MB SDRAM and 64MB FLASH, and communication interface 401 comprises USB interface, RS232 interface and Ethernet interface.
During concrete enforcement, consider that in boiler furnace, ashes are a lot, and ashes are superfine as flour, dust pollution is very serious, if the sealing property of detecting instrument own is bad, dust enters instrument internal can be affected instrument and normally use, even cause the short circuit of equipment circuit plate, cause instrument damage, therefore, in order to realize good sealing property, in order to meet Site Detection requirement, in the embodiment of the present invention, the shell of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument can adopt hermetically sealed processing, for example, adopt all-metal sealing encapsulation process.In an example, shell can adopt aluminium milling to make type, and processes through surface sand-blasting.In the embodiment of the present invention, austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument adopts after hermetically sealed processing, portable good, can realize fast detecting, during detecting at the scene and being generally that boiler is large and small and repairing, turnaround plan arranges detection time limited, need to be in the very fast situation of the detection speed of every steel pipe, testing staff can move and change detection position very soon, very continually, can not increase testing amount.
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of the method for work of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for work of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument can comprise:
The electromagnetic detection signal of step 701, pick-up transducers output, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
Step 704, calculation process result is shown.
A kind of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system is also provided in the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 8, in the embodiment of the present invention, austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system can comprise:
For exporting the sensor 801 of electromagnetic detection signal, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
The above-mentioned austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument 802 being connected with described sensor.
During concrete enforcement, sensor can arrange a plurality of detection Hall elements on the diverse location in a detection probe, forms multichannel detection probe, and described a plurality of detections cover examined pipe interior completely with the surveyed area of Hall element.During enforcement, in the detection probe of sensor, can be with and be useful on the magnetized permanent magnet of austenite heating surface oxide skin, and for the magnetic field of variation being converted into the magneto sensor of electric signal.Be distributed in the locational check point of differing heights of being examined pipeline, the oxide skin that can monitor respectively in certain altitude range is piled up situation.As long as detect in reasonable Arrangement detection probe with the height and position of Hall element, distribute, their surveyed areas are separately interconnected, to being examined the detection height region of oxide skin in pipeline, there is no blank, just can realize for being examined the whole process of oxide skin in pipeline and detecting.Like this, can adopt the permanent magnet of reduced size as magnetization field source.Sensor can be realized the hyperchannel of austenite heating surface oxide skin is measured jointly, and range of dynamic measurement is large, can effectively measure the boiler austenitic heat-resistance steel pipe interior oxide skin data of internal diameter 20～50mm.
In Fig. 9, provide the schematic diagram of this multi-channel detection probe, wherein shown multi-channel detection probe shape and detection position.During work, detection probe is posted by and is examined pipeline from examining the side of pipeline, and is examined pipeline outer wall close contact, so as to reduce detection signal fluctuation, improve repeatability.For this reason, detection probe inner side can have and the circular shape of being examined outer diameter tube same diameter, so that better measure.
In Figure 10, provided the detection signal of a triple channel detection probe along with the empirical curve of oxide skin ulking thickness variation in pipeline.Therefrom can see: as expected, the detection signal S of three locational detecting elements of differing heights
1, S
2and S
3, within the scope of differing heights, the piling height of oxide skin is demonstrated to higher susceptibility respectively, and insensitive for oxide skin ulking thickness in other altitude range.The collaborative detection signal of considering each detecting element, reasonably arranges the height and position of each detecting element, makes not occur blank between effective monitored area of adjacent detecting element, just can judge exactly the ulking thickness of the interior oxide skin of pipeline.
According to the family curve of 3 detection probe shown in Figure 10, adopt the NdFeB strip permanent magnet of the N45 performance class of 5 * 5 * 20mm, each detecting element to the effective monitoring scope of managing interior oxide skin ulking thickness greatly between 10～15mm.In large electric power plant boiler, the internal diameter of common superheater pipeline is conventionally between 20～50mm, so, in a multiple spot detection probe, can settle 2 to 4 detecting elements.
Relation in the detection signal of popping one's head in for multi-channel detection and pipe between oxide skin ulking thickness compares detailed analysis and shows: between the ulking thickness of oxide skin and the detection signal strength of each detecting element, likely have fairly simple funtcional relationship.Such as: carrying out analog detection experiment with the pipeline that two probes are 32mm, the internal diameter small dimension size that is 20mm for external diameter, obtained detection data as shown in figure 11.According to this curve, can adopt respectively the signal S of the Hall element of two check points
31and S
32oxide skin ulking thickness to different range judges.But, the data of two check points, respectively divided by summing up after maximum signal level separately, are presented to good linearity between oxide skin ulking thickness in the comprehensive detection signal intensity obtaining and pipe, as shown in figure 12.Thus, obtained " linearity " sensor of oxide skin ulking thickness in pipe.
From tested steel pipe outside, apply a constant excitation magnetic field, because oxide skin or other ferromagnetic foreign matter in pipe have ferromagnetism, can induce one and catch up with and state the electromagnetic field that constant excitation magnetic field is relevant, adopt magnetoelectric conversion element that this magnetic field is converted to corresponding with it weak electric signal; Meanwhile, another road magnetoelectric conversion element obtains weak electric signal corresponding to space magnetic field that there is no oxide skin.Two signals, through the identical laggard line correlation comparison of pre-process, are removed to possible electromagnetic interference (EMI), extract useful signal, what this signal was expressed is exactly the information of subscale.
Lift an example, according to the magnetic contrast of austenitic heat-resistance steel and oxide thereof, design the sensor construction that a kind of magnetic lossless detects, as shown in figure 13.Wherein use the steady magnetic field of permanent magnet as Magnetic Field Source.In hyperchannel probe, by the Hall element on diverse location, detect the oxide skin ulking thickness within the scope of different-thickness in pipeline, eliminated detection blind area, realized the gamut that in pipe, oxide skin is piled up and quantized to detect.
In sensor design, the 600MW of domestic current operation, 1000MW and part 300MW grade unit are added up, determined Φ 38, Φ 44.5, Φ 51, Φ 54, and Φ 57, and Φ 60, the conventional high-temperature surface pipeline diameter of 7 kinds of thermal power plants such as Φ 63.5mm and various wall thickness, after specific aim test, consider instrument performance and sensor measurement stability and volumetric spaces layout, finally adopting field intensity is that the column permanent magnet of 3500G is as the magnetic field excitation source of magnetoelectricity detection; Magnetic-field measurement element has adopted that technical maturity, volume are little, equal UGN3501T type (sensitivity is 7V/T, temperature waft 0.1mV/ ℃) integrated hall element preferably such as stability, temperature characterisitic.In magnetic-field measurement, the temperature of integrated hall element is waftd little, thereby has improved measuring accuracy, stability.After testing and verification and on-the-spot test, sensor adopts four Huo Si roads, road to measure above passage.Wherein a road is as with reference to signal, and for removing space background noise, aforementioned constant excitation magnetic field is without the weak electric signal of the external electromagnetic field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction; Other three tunnel is fan-shaped layout as shown in figure 13, make to guarantee that measuring-signal can sensitively react when oxide skin is few, more, even substantially full up, for convenience of in-site measurement sensor profile, be designed to 110 degree fan-shaped, according to different tube diameters design all size sensor, sensing system measuring accuracy, ease of use have been improved.
Figure 14 is the process flow diagram of the method for work of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 14, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for work of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system can comprise:
Magneto sensor in step 1402, described detection probe is converted into electric signal by the magnetic field of variation, obtain electromagnetic detection signal, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
The described electromagnetic detection signal of step 1403, the output of described austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument pick-up transducers, described electromagnetic detection signal is carried out to analog to digital conversion, described electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out to calculation process, calculation process result is shown, described calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of described induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin.
Figure 15 is the method for work schematic diagram of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system in the embodiment of the present invention.In Figure 15, illustrated, apply a constant excitation magnetic field being examined pipeline external, because oxide skin or other ferromagnetic foreign matter in pipe have ferromagnetism, can induce one with the relevant electromagnetic field in constant excitation magnetic field, adopt magnetoelectric conversion element that this magnetic field is converted to corresponding with it weak electric signal; Meanwhile, another road magnetoelectric conversion element obtains weak electric signal corresponding to space magnetic field that there is no oxide skin.Two signals, through analog to digital conversion, calculation process, are extracted to useful signal, and what this signal was expressed is exactly the information of subscale, then this signal is stored, shown.
In sum, the electromagnetic detection signal of embodiment of the present invention pick-up transducers output, electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out to calculation process, wherein electromagnetic detection signal comprises that constant excitation magnetic field is through the weak electric signal of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction, and constant excitation magnetic field is without the weak electric signal of the external electromagnetic field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction, calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extract the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, even if austenitic heat-resistance steel steel pipe itself is just with and is magnetic like this, can when carrying out austenite heating surface oxide skin magnetic detection, not cause testing result inaccurate and cause reviewer's erroneous judgement yet, effectively improved the accuracy of austenite heating surface oxide skin magnetic detection.
The embodiment of the present invention is compared as ultrasonic, x-ray method the measurement of austenite heating surface oxide skin and other non-destructive methods, radiationless, noiseless, pollution-free; And intuitive display, can facilitate testing staff to observe the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin, thereby accurately judge austenite heat-resistance steel pipe scale inside accumulation distribution situation.In the embodiment of the present invention, austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument can adopt powered battery in separate internal, shell can adopt hermetically sealed processing, realizes good sealing property, and equipment anti-interference ability is strong, not affected by miscellaneous equipment work noise in stove, meet Site Detection requirement; And portable good, can realize fast detecting, during detecting at the scene and being generally that boiler is large and small and repairing, turnaround plan arranges detection time limited, need to be in the very fast situation of the detection speed of every steel pipe, testing staff can move and change detection position very soon, very continually, can not increase testing amount.Sensor can be realized the hyperchannel of austenite heating surface oxide skin is measured jointly, and range of dynamic measurement is large, can effectively measure the boiler austenitic heat-resistance steel pipe interior oxide skin data of internal diameter 20～50mm.
Because overcritical, the high temperature superheater of ultra supercritical unit, reheater adopt the high temperature resistant austenitic steel materials such as TP347HFG, Super304 in a large number, in unit running process, easily be subject to high-temperature steam corrosion, the oxidation of formation steam side, the major Safety that steam side oxidation may cause: cause pipe thermal conductivity to reduce, carry wall thickness reduction, pipe obstruction, steam turbine is caused to erosion etc.Therefore, utilize the embodiment of the present invention to survey the accumulation that comes off of oxide skin, take appropriate measures in advance, prevention unit booster, is of great significance improving unit efficiency and economy of power plant benefit tool.
Those skilled in the art should understand, embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer program.Therefore, the present invention can adopt complete hardware implementation example, implement software example or in conjunction with the form of the embodiment of software and hardware aspect completely.And the present invention can adopt the form that wherein includes the upper computer program of implementing of computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) of computer usable program code one or more.
The present invention is with reference to describing according to process flow diagram and/or the block scheme of the method for the embodiment of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program.Should understand can be in computer program instructions realization flow figure and/or block scheme each flow process and/or the flow process in square frame and process flow diagram and/or block scheme and/or the combination of square frame.Can provide these computer program instructions to the processor of multi-purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, the instruction of carrying out by the processor of computing machine or other programmable data processing device is produced for realizing the device in the function of flow process of process flow diagram or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block scheme or a plurality of square frame appointments.
These computer program instructions also can be stored in energy vectoring computer or the computer-readable memory of other programmable data processing device with ad hoc fashion work, the instruction that makes to be stored in this computer-readable memory produces the manufacture that comprises command device, and this command device is realized the function of appointment in flow process of process flow diagram or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block scheme or a plurality of square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded in computing machine or other programmable data processing device, make to carry out sequence of operations step to produce computer implemented processing on computing machine or other programmable devices, thereby the instruction of carrying out is provided for realizing the step of the function of appointment in flow process of process flow diagram or a plurality of flow process and/or square frame of block scheme or a plurality of square frame on computing machine or other programmable devices.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. an austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument, is characterized in that, comprising:
The sensor interface of the electromagnetic detection signal of exporting for pick-up transducers, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises that constant excitation magnetic field is through the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction and the external electromagnetic field conversion that described constant excitation magnetic field is responded to without austenite heating surface oxide skin;
Be connected with described sensor interface, for described electromagnetic detection signal is carried out to analog-to-digital analog to digital converter;
Be connected with described analog to digital converter, for the described electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion being carried out to the system level chip of calculation process, described calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of described induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin;
Be connected with described system level chip, for showing the display of described system level chip calculation process result;
Be connected with described system level chip, for the power-supply device of powering.
2. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described analog to digital converter is connected with described sensor interface through signal processing circuit, described signal processing circuit, for the described electromagnetic detection signal of described sensor interface collection is carried out to signal condition, buffering, filtering and amplification, is exported treated described electromagnetic detection signal to described analog to digital converter.
3. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described sensor interface adopts 8 acupuncture cutter nut connector BNC Aviation Connector.
4. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the sampling precision of described analog to digital converter is 24, and sample rate is per second higher than 10 times.
5. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described system level chip adopts EP2C20F484C8 type on-site programmable gate array FPGA.
6. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described display adopts 600 * 400 resolution true color industrial liquid crystal displays, and display mode is that hyperchannel curve shows, the interior distribution curve of simulative tube shows or hyperchannel numerical value shows.
7. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described power-supply device comprises 2000mAH solid lithium ion rechargeable battery.
8. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be connected with described system level chip, for storing the internal data memory of described system level chip calculation process result.
9. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described internal data memory comprises serial EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memo) EEPROM, 64MB synchronous DRAM SDRAM, 64MB flash memory FLASH one of them or combination in any.
10. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be connected with described system level chip, for the communication interface to system level chip calculation process result described in outside device transmission.
11. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, described communication interface comprises general-purpose serial bus USB interface, RS232 interface, Ethernet interface one of them or combination in any.
12. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Be connected with described system level chip, for the keyboard of instrumentation interface is provided.
13. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, described keyboard adopts polyvinylchloride film key, and embedded metal contact.
14. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the shell of described austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument adopts all-metal sealing encapsulation process.
15. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that, described shell adopts aluminium milling to make type, and processes through surface sand-blasting.
Described in 16. 1 kinds of claim 1 to 15 any one, the method for work of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument, is characterized in that, comprising:
The electromagnetic detection signal of pick-up transducers output, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
Described electromagnetic detection signal is carried out to analog to digital conversion;
Described electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out to calculation process, described calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of described induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin;
Calculation process result is shown.
17. 1 kinds of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing systems, is characterized in that, comprising:
For exporting the sensor of electromagnetic detection signal, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
Austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument described in claim 1 to 15 any one being connected with described sensor.
18. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing systems as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, on the diverse location of described sensor in a detection probe, a plurality of detection Hall elements are set, described a plurality of detections cover examined pipe interior completely with the surveyed area of Hall element.
19. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing systems as claimed in claim 17, is characterized in that, the detection probe inner side of described sensor has and the circular shape of being examined outer diameter tube same diameter.
20. austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing systems as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, in the detection probe of described sensor, band is useful on the magnetized permanent magnet of austenite heating surface oxide skin, and for the magnetic field of variation being converted into the magneto sensor of electric signal.
Described in 21. 1 kinds of claim 17 to 20 any one, the method for work of austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic testing system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Described sensor magnetizes austenite heating surface oxide skin with the detection probe of permanent magnet, obtain a constant excitation magnetic field through the induction field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction, and described constant excitation magnetic field is without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction;
Magneto sensor in described detection probe is converted into electric signal by the magnetic field of variation, obtain electromagnetic detection signal, described electromagnetic detection signal comprises the weak electric signal that change without the external electromagnetic field of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction through weak electric signal and the described constant excitation magnetic field of the induction field conversion of austenite heating surface oxide skin induction in constant excitation magnetic field;
The described electromagnetic detection signal of described austenite heating surface oxide skin electromagnetic detection instrument pick-up transducers output, described electromagnetic detection signal is carried out to analog to digital conversion, described electromagnetic detection signal after analog to digital conversion is carried out to calculation process, calculation process result is shown, described calculation process comprises carries out relevance ratio to the weak electric signal of the weak electric signal of described induction field conversion and the conversion of described external electromagnetic field, extracts the information of austenite heating surface oxide skin.
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