CN103543361B - The extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting - Google Patents
The extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting, connect AC-testing supply successively, intermediate transformer and tested transformer, the hv filtering device of one or more groups higher hamonic wave RLC series connection is connected at the primary parallel of tested transformer, pressure regulator is connected as AC-testing supply using high-power variable-frequency power sources or high-power variable-frequency power sources output terminal, then by operating the no-load test of carrying out tested transformer to the frequency adjustment of high-power variable-frequency power sources, to realize not increasing no-load test power supply capacity, not deteriorated no-load voltage waveform quality and carry out high-power transformer no-load test when not changing the hv filtering device capacity for compensating.The present invention is when ensureing that boost process completes smoothly, experiment power supply capacity needed for remarkable reduction extra-high voltage high-power transformer no-load test, and then effectively promote extra-high voltage transformer site test technology and device to integrated, miniaturization, practical future development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transformer field test method, is a kind of extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting specifically.
Background technology
Large-scale power transformer is one of equipment most important, the most expensive in power transmission and transformation system, and its reliability is directly connected to power system safety and stability and runs.Especially, in extra-high voltage alternating current-direct current engineering, high-power transformer is as the core of power transmission and transformation system, and status is particularly important.
Before transformer dispatches from the factory or overhaul puts into operation, on-the-spot no-load test need be carried out.No-load test can effectively check transformer core and inherent vice, is the important technical evaluating transformer safety, economy, stable operation.Because extra-high voltage transformer volume weight is huge, not easily transport, for saving transportation cost, field for Large Transformer assembling site test will replace in traditional factory the pattern of assembling finished product transport gradually.
But Assembling site test also brings new problem, extra-high voltage transformer capacity is large, and electric pressure is high, site test difficulty.Especially in No-load Test of Transformer, after voltage raises core sataration, no-load current sharply increases, and very easily causes trial voltage to reduce and voltage waveform distortion, is difficult to boosting and completes test.Test unit capacity increases, and can reduce the distortion of voltage waveform; But test unit capacity increases, then volume weight is multiplied, and is difficult to rig-site utilization.
At present, the no-load test of high-power transformer mainly adopts two schemes: Synchronous generator and pressure regulator.Investment on generating unit is huge, reuses difficulty, is difficult to rig-site utilization.Pressure regulator is comparatively large by grid fluctuations affect, generally need compensate and just can complete unloaded boosting; Conventional compensatory approach is switching high-voltage capacitance after core sataration, to compensate the perceptual weight sharply increased in no-load current.For extra-high voltage transformer, in no-load test, switching high-voltage capacitance easily produces transient overvoltage, jeopardizes equipment.For extra-high voltage high-power transformer, these test methods are difficult to solve the conflicting requirements between test unit capacity and trial voltage waveform, are all not suitable for extra-high voltage transformer site test.
Therefore, practicable extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer test method need be studied, a kind of new solution route is provided, for the construction mode of extra-high voltage equipment Assembling site test provides technical support for completing the especially unloaded pressure build-up test of extra-high voltage transformer site test.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting.
The extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of described frequency conversion voltage adjusting, joint test device and tested transformer successively, described test unit connects intermediate transformer by experiment power supply and forms, it is characterized in that: the hv filtering device connecting one or more groups higher hamonic wave RLC series connection at the primary parallel of tested transformer, and using described hv filtering device in no-load test process all the time and the high pressure compensation mode of unique access, using high-voltage variable frequency power source as AC-testing supply, then by carrying out the no-load test to tested transformer to the frequency of high-voltage variable frequency power source and output voltage adjustment operation, to realize not increasing no-load test power supply capacity, not deteriorated no-load voltage waveform quality and carry out high-power transformer no-load test when not changing the hv filtering device capacity for compensating.
National grid issue new edition power industry compulsory standard " electrical safe working order " regulation: electric pressure 1000V and above be high voltage electric equipment.
Low voltage filter or the on high-tension side capacitance compensation wave filter of the hv filtering device that described higher hamonic wave RLC connects and low-pressure side are distinct, and capacitance compensation needs switching access stage by stage, can produce the risk of transient overvoltage.
Described hv filtering device choose in the following way:
One, utilize circuit simulation analysis tool, set up loop analysis model according to the excitation curve of tested transformer and test loop structure;
Two, the capacity of hv filtering device is changed, the capacity S of test unit required under obtaining the hv filtering device compensating coefficient of different capabilities and trial voltage U relation curve;
Three, compare the maximum value of required test unit capacity S in whole process of the test after the hv filtering device connecting different capabilities and stop value, choose the hv filtering device that the difference of test unit very high capacity value and stop value is minimum.
The described frequency adjustment to high-voltage variable frequency power source is operating as:
One, between 35Hz ~ 45Hz, choose the initial frequency f of a Frequency point as high-voltage variable frequency power source
0, raise the output voltage of experiment power supply, in boost process, the voltage and current of the tested transformer inputs of Real-Time Monitoring, this electric current is namely as no-load current to be measured; Meanwhile, the output current of monitoring test device is also needed;
Two, the output current of test unit is monitored by the boundary increased into unsaturation stage unshakable in one's determination and wave filter compensating fundamental wave stage when change reduces, afterwards when the electric current monitoring tested transformer inputs becomes stable increase from reduction, a cumulative frequency step Δ f on the basis of the existing frequency of high-voltage variable frequency power source, until frequency becomes work frequency value;
Three, the voltage monitoring tested transformer inputs reach the highest trial voltage time, stop frequency conversion voltage adjusting process.
As embodiment, the method of the output current of Real-Time Monitoring intermediate transformer, the voltage and current of tested transformer inputs is respectively: be connected in series current transformer at intermediate transformer outgoing side, be connected in parallel voltage transformer (VT) at tested transformer inputs, be connected in series current transformer at tested transformer inputs, passes through the output current of the monitor signal output intermediate transformer of connected voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer and voltage, the electric current of tested transformer inputs.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, described frequency step Δ f gets 0.5Hz ~ 1Hz.
Determine the parameter of resistance, electric capacity, inductance element in the hv filtering device that described higher hamonic wave RLC connects as follows:
One, the rated voltage U of described hv filtering device is determined
fNwith harmonic wave electric current I
fN:
Rated voltage calculates with following formula: U
fN=K × U
m,
U in formula
fNfor the rated voltage of hv filtering device, K is safety coefficient, U
mfor the highest trial voltage, getting safety coefficient K is 1.15;
Harmonic current I
fNfor the harmonic current components corresponding to hv filtering device characteristic frequency λ, described hv filtering device characteristic frequency λ is the odd-multiple of tested transformer rated frequency, and described harmonic current components is the corresponding higher harmonic current of tested transformer;
Two, the capacity S of hv filtering device is determined
f, quality factor q:
The capacity S of hv filtering device
fcalculate with following formula:
S
f＝U
m×I
fN，
Wherein U
mfor the highest trial voltage, I
fNfor the harmonic current components corresponding to filter characteristic frequency lambda;
The span of described quality factor q is 10≤Q≤50;
Three, capacitance, inductance value, the resistance value of described hv filtering device is determined respectively with following formula:
In formula, C is the capacitance of hv filtering device, and L is the inductance value of hv filtering device, and R is the resistance value of hv filtering device, S
ffor the capacity of hv filtering device, U
fNfor the rated voltage of hv filtering device, f is experiment power supply frequency, and λ is the characteristic frequency of hv filtering device, and Q is the quality factor of hv filtering device.
The highest trial voltage provides according to testing regulations (GB) and transformer rated voltage.
The present invention is when ensureing that boost process completes smoothly, experiment power supply capacity needed for remarkable reduction extra-high voltage high-power transformer no-load test, and then effectively promote extra-high voltage transformer site test technology and device to integrated, miniaturization, practical future development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer test major loop structure schematic diagram,
Fig. 2 is test unit capacity S and the trial voltage U relation schematic diagram of no-load test under filter compensation effect,
Fig. 3 is required test unit capacity S and trial voltage U relation schematic diagram under different capabilities filter compensation state,
Fig. 4 is trial voltage U and the frequency f relation schematic diagram of frequency conversion voltage adjusting strategy,
Fig. 5 be test unit capacity S when adopting frequency conversion boosting strategy and frequency f with the variation diagram of trial voltage U,
Fig. 6 is that the test unit capacity S of the frequency conversion boosting strategy of practical operation and frequency f are with the variation diagram of trial voltage U.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described: as shown in fig. 1, the extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of described frequency conversion voltage adjusting, joint test device 7 and tested transformer 4 successively, described test unit 7 connects intermediate transformer 2 by experiment power supply 1 and forms, it is characterized in that: the hv filtering device 3 connecting one or more groups higher hamonic wave RLC series connection at the primary parallel of tested transformer 4, and using described hv filtering device 3 in no-load test process all the time and the high pressure compensation mode of unique access, using high-voltage variable frequency power source as AC-testing supply, then by carrying out the no-load test to tested transformer to the frequency of high-voltage variable frequency power source and output voltage adjustment operation, to realize not increasing no-load test power supply capacity, not deteriorated no-load voltage waveform quality and carry out high-power transformer no-load test when not changing the hv filtering device capacity for compensating.
Described hv filtering device 3 choose in the following way:
One, utilize simulation analysis instrument, as PSCAD, Matlab etc., set up loop analysis model according to the excitation curve of tested transformer 4 and test loop structure;
Two, change the capacity of hv filtering device, obtain capacity S and the trial voltage U relation curve of the test unit under the hv filtering device compensating coefficient of different capabilities;
Three, compare to complete test unit very high capacity value needed for no-load test and stop value under each hv filtering device condition, choose the hv filtering device that the difference of test unit very high capacity value and stop value is minimum.
The described frequency adjustment to high-voltage variable frequency power source is operating as:
One, between 35Hz ~ 45Hz, choose the initial frequency f of a Frequency point as high-voltage variable frequency power source
0, raise the output voltage of AC-testing supply 1, in boost process, the voltage and current of Real-Time Monitoring tested transformer 4 input end, this electric current is namely as no-load current to be measured; Meanwhile, the output current of monitoring test device 7 is also needed.As embodiment, the method of the output current of Real-Time Monitoring intermediate transformer 2, the voltage and current of tested transformer 4 input end is respectively: be connected in series current transformer 5 at intermediate transformer 2 outgoing side, be connected in parallel voltage transformer (VT) 6 at tested transformer 4 input end, be connected in series current transformer 5 at tested transformer 4 input end, pass through the output current of the monitor signal output intermediate transformer 2 of connected voltage transformer (VT) 6 summation current transformer 5 and voltage, the electric current of tested transformer 4 input end.
Two, the output current of test unit is monitored by the boundary increased into unsaturation stage unshakable in one's determination and wave filter compensating fundamental wave stage when change reduces, afterwards when the electric current monitoring tested transformer 4 input end becomes stable increase from reduction, a cumulative frequency step Δ f on the basis of the existing frequency of high-voltage variable frequency power source, until frequency becomes work frequency value; As a kind of prioritization scheme, described initial frequency f
0selection range be 35Hz ~ 45Hz, frequency step Δ f gets 0.5Hz ~ 1Hz.
Three, the voltage monitoring tested transformer 4 input end reach the highest trial voltage time, termination test process.
Multiple low-voltage variable frequency power unit cascade is formed to the experiment power supply 1, output voltage and the frequency energy independent regulation that realize direct voltage and export.Step-up transformer is high-power transformer, and hoist high-tension effect in the loop, cooperatively forms the high voltage needed for test with high-power variable-frequency power sources.
Hv filtering device 3 is passive filter, is made up of resistance, electric capacity, inductance element.The major function of wave filter is when core sataration no-load current distorts, and compensates perceptual fundamental current, filtering harmonic current, and then improves trial voltage waveform.
As shown in Figure 2, for the no-load test loop of filter compensation, along with the increase of trial voltage U, required test unit capacity S is irregular " wave " deformation, is divided into following three phases:
One: in the lower iron core of the voltage unsaturated stage, the no-load current of tested transformer is very little, and the overwhelming majority is first-harmonic.Now, wave filter becomes the capacitive load of test loop, and except tested transformer impedance, experiment power supply also needs to bear filter impedance, and experiment power supply capacity becomes large, and S progressively increases with U rising.
Two: when U increases further, the harmonic component in no-load current increases gradually, and now wave filter can compensate first-harmonic and divide most of harmonic wave that pours off, and reduces no-load current, effectively can reduce the capacity of required test unit, and therefore S rises with U and declines.
Three: when U increases further, after iron core supersaturation, no-load current sharply increases, and the compensating action of wave filter can not offset no-load current surge effect, and S also increases along with U and rises rapidly.
Therefore, in whole process, S can also exist two higher point: first stage and subordinate phase point of crossing S
1, the terminal S of phase III
2.For completing no-load test, the capacity S of test unit
1and S
2in large person.
During the filter compensation of different capabilities, required test unit capacity S with voltage change curve as shown in Figure 3, the filter capacity that in figure, S1, S2, S3 are corresponding increases successively.Filter capacity is less, and the test unit capacity needed for iron core unsaturation section is less, test unit capacity larger (as S1 curve in Fig. 3) required after core sataration.Otherwise filter capacity is larger, the test unit capacity needed for iron core unsaturation section is larger, test unit capacity less (as S2 curve in Fig. 3) required after core sataration.S2 curve is between S1 and S3.
As shown in Figure 3, filter capacity is selected to want balanced core former and later two stages saturated simultaneously, makes two higher point S1 close with S2 size (as shown in S2 curve) in S curve, can reach best test compensation effect.
When same capacity filter compensation, change no-load test supply frequency, under obtaining different frequency, required test unit capacity also can be represented by Fig. 3, the test frequency f that now S1, S2, S3 are corresponding different respectively
1, f
2, f
3, and f
1< f
2< f
3.
For reducing required test unit capacity further, the present invention proposes a kind of frequency conversion voltage adjusting method.The main thought of frequency conversion voltage adjusting adopts different frequencies in different voltage sections, and frequency increases with voltage and increases (namely f rises in " notch cuttype " with U), and the variation relation of frequency and voltage as shown in Figure 4.Specifically in lower frequency f
1lower beginning pressure regulation.Now, iron core does not have saturated, and wave filter is capacitive, and impedance and frequency are inverse ratio, and compensation effect is better, can reduce the maximum experiment power supply capacity S needed for this stage.When voltage progressively increase iron core be tending towards saturated time, progressively elevated frequencies, makes curve gentle transition to upper frequency f
2under segment of curve; Further elevated frequencies is transitioned into f
3under segment of curve.In whole pressure regulation process, required test unit capacity S and frequency f can be represented by Fig. 5 with the variation relation of trial voltage U.As seen from Figure 5, little under adopting the method for the frequency conversion voltage adjusting test unit volume ratio completed needed for whole process of the test to adopt single-frequency.
For the tested transformer that each is concrete, the feasible frequency conversion voltage adjusting method of practical operation need determine three parameters, initial frequency f
0, frequency change step-length △ f, frequency change point.
Because test final frequency is power frequency 50Hz, therefore initial frequency f
050Hz must be less than, between general desirable 35Hz ~ 45Hz.
The step-length △ f that frequency change regulates is determined with the frequency conversion voltage adjusting effect needed for test by the frequency output characteristics of variable-frequency power sources.△ f is excessive, can cause adjustment out of true, and the beneficial effect of test reduces; The too small meeting of △ f brings huge experiment work amount.Therefore, in conjunction with the technical merit of high-power variable-frequency power sources on market, medium frequency change of the present invention regulates step-length △ f to be taken as 0.5Hz ~ 1Hz.
The change point of each in notch cuttype change procedure of frequency f by the curve of test unit capacity S and trial voltage U under different frequency intersection point (U1 and U2 as in Fig. 5) determine.But in actual tests process, the intersections of complex curve under different frequency is difficult to be defined by effective detection means or analysis means.Therefore, a kind of actual exercisable method gets the trough point (as the U ˊ 1 in Fig. 6 and U ˊ 2) that change point is each curve.Due in this stage, tested transformer core is by saturated, and the rising of the capacity of required test unit shows as the rapid rising of no-load current.Therefore, in this step-by-step test process, determine that the concrete method of frequency change point is: under this frequency, when the no-load current utilizing mutual inductor or other measurement means to monitor rises, increase frequency and arrive higher Frequency point; Continue monitoring no-load current, when no-load current starts again upper body, then increase frequency; Until last frequency reaches 50Hz, namely complete frequency conversion voltage adjusting process.
In sum, when tested transformer capacity is large, electric pressure is very high, take the method for " notch cuttype " frequency conversion voltage adjusting can avoid because of test unit finite capacity, impedance loop too small when trial voltage be difficult to the risk gone up.In the no-load test of high-power variable-frequency power sources and filter compensation, adopt the strategy of frequency conversion voltage adjusting significantly can reduce the capacity of experiment power supply, ensure that boost process completes smoothly.Therefore, the present invention is that the on-the-spot no-load test of extra-high voltage transformer provides a kind of effective test method newly, effectively can promote extra-high voltage transformer experimental technique and device to integrated, miniaturization, practical future development.
Claims (5)
1. the extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of a frequency conversion voltage adjusting, joint test device (7) and tested transformer (4) successively, described test unit (7) connects intermediate transformer (2) by experiment power supply (1) and forms, it is characterized in that: the hv filtering device (3) connecting one or more groups higher hamonic wave RLC series connection at the primary parallel of tested transformer (4), and using described hv filtering device (3) in no-load test process all the time and the high pressure compensation mode of unique access, using high-voltage variable frequency power source as AC-testing supply, then by carrying out the no-load test to tested transformer to the frequency of high-voltage variable frequency power source and output voltage adjustment operation, to realize not increasing no-load test power supply capacity, not deteriorated no-load voltage waveform quality and carry out high-power transformer no-load test when not changing the hv filtering device capacity for compensating,
The described frequency adjustment to high-voltage variable frequency power source is operating as:
One, between 35Hz ~ 45Hz, choose the initial frequency f of a Frequency point as high-voltage variable frequency power source
0, raise the output voltage of experiment power supply (1), in boost process, the voltage and current of the tested transformer of Real-Time Monitoring (4) input end, this electric current is namely as no-load current to be measured; Meanwhile, the output current of monitoring test device (7) is also needed;
Two, the output current of test unit is monitored by the boundary increased into unsaturation stage unshakable in one's determination and wave filter compensating fundamental wave stage when change reduces, afterwards when the electric current monitoring tested transformer (4) input end becomes stable increase from reduction, a cumulative frequency step Δ f on the basis of the existing frequency of high-voltage variable frequency power source, until frequency becomes work frequency value;
Three, the voltage monitoring tested transformer (4) input end reach the highest trial voltage time, stop frequency conversion voltage adjusting process.
2. the extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hv filtering device (3) choose in the following way:
One, utilize circuit simulation analysis tool, set up loop analysis model according to the excitation curve of tested transformer (4) and test loop structure;
Two, the capacity of hv filtering device is changed, the capacity S of test unit (7) required under obtaining the hv filtering device compensating coefficient of different capabilities and trial voltage U relation curve;
Three, compare the maximum value of required test unit (7) capacity S in whole process of the test after the hv filtering device connecting different capabilities and stop value, choose the hv filtering device that the difference of test unit very high capacity value and stop value is minimum.
3. the extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the output current of Real-Time Monitoring intermediate transformer (2), the method of the voltage and current of tested transformer (4) input end is respectively: be connected in series current transformer (5) at intermediate transformer (2) outgoing side, voltage transformer (VT) (6) is connected in parallel at tested transformer (4) input end, current transformer (5) is connected in series at tested transformer (4) input end, pass through the output current of the monitor signal output intermediate transformer (2) of connected voltage transformer (VT) (6) summation current transformer (5) and the voltage of tested transformer (4) input end, electric current.
4. the extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described frequency step Δ f gets 0.5Hz ~ 1Hz.
5. the extra-high voltage field for Large Transformer no-load test method of frequency conversion voltage adjusting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the parameter determining resistance, electric capacity, inductance element in the hv filtering device that described higher hamonic wave RLC connects as follows:
One, the rated voltage U of described hv filtering device is determined
fNwith harmonic wave electric current I
fN:
Rated voltage calculates with following formula: U
fN=K × U
m,
U in formula
fNfor the rated voltage of hv filtering device, K is safety coefficient, U
mfor the highest trial voltage, getting safety coefficient K is 1.15;
Harmonic current I
fNfor the harmonic current components corresponding to hv filtering device characteristic frequency λ, described hv filtering device characteristic frequency λ is the odd-multiple of tested transformer rated frequency, and described harmonic current components is the corresponding higher harmonic current of tested transformer;
Two, the capacity S of hv filtering device is determined
f, quality factor q:
The capacity S of hv filtering device
fcalculate with following formula:
S
f＝U
m×I
fN，
Wherein U
mfor the highest trial voltage, I
fNfor the harmonic current components corresponding to filter characteristic frequency lambda;
The span of described quality factor q is 10≤Q≤50;
Three, capacitance, inductance value, the resistance value of described hv filtering device is determined respectively with following formula:
In formula, C is the capacitance of hv filtering device, and L is the inductance value of hv filtering device, and R is the resistance value of hv filtering device, S
ffor the capacity of hv filtering device, U
fNfor the rated voltage of hv filtering device, f is experiment power supply frequency, and λ is the characteristic frequency of hv filtering device, and Q is the quality factor of hv filtering device.
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