CN103538136B - A kind of Polylactic acid composite board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Polylactic acid composite board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103538136B CN103538136B CN201310488955.1A CN201310488955A CN103538136B CN 103538136 B CN103538136 B CN 103538136B CN 201310488955 A CN201310488955 A CN 201310488955A CN 103538136 B CN103538136 B CN 103538136B
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- fiber
- polylactic acid
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- crops base
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- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 240000000961 Setaria parviflora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 antibacterial Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000005337 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011846 petroleum-based material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000003917 Bambusa tulda Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012765 hemp Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012766 marijuana Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007170 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 Macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 Semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002036 drum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Polylactic acid composite board, it is made up of with fiber crops base fiber polylactic acid, the quality accounting of wherein said polylactic acid is 25 39.5%, described fiber crops base fiber is by flaxen fiber and bamboo fibre, the wood fiber, one or more mixture formed of three kinds of fibers of monkey grass, and wherein the quality accounting of flaxen fiber is 51% 99%；Described flaxen fiber is the mixture of one or more in tossa, ramee, sisal fiber, flax fiber；Having the beneficial effect that produced by the present invention, the present invention can control rigidity and the tensile property of sheet material by the accounting regulating various fibers, meanwhile, can regulate the usage amount of high cost polylactic acid, and the usage amount of polylactic acid is the lowest, and the cost of material is the lowest.It addition, sheet material only has polylactic acid and natural fiber, without any petroleum based material, nonpoisonous and tasteless, non-volatility, there is Wholly-degradable；Manufacture, use time and use after the most free from environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to replace petroleum base resin with polylactic acid and produce the application neck of melting wholly-degradable environment protection type composite fibre sheet material
Territory, reduces the usage amount of high cost polylactic acid, is specifically related to a kind of Polylactic acid composite board and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Thermoplastic sheet has the sheet material of plasticity after referring to heating, may be produced that variously-shaped with mould compacting again after heating
Part.Thermoplastic sheet application is quite varied, such as the inner decorative ceiling plate in automobile, and interior trim gusset plate, clothing frame plate, OK
Lee's case trim panel and furniture, build, various special-shaped sheet materials in the field such as decoration etc..
Thermoplastic sheet mostly uses petroleum base thermoplastic fibre and Plant fiber to be combined and makes, such as PP hemp fibre board, PP
Glass mat etc..
Notification number is that the patent of CN203093190U discloses a kind of composite hemp felt plate, is formed by four layers: ground floor is the end
Layer, composition is polyster fibre；Third layer is intermediate layer, flaxen fiber mix with polypropylene fiber；4th layer is surface layer, becomes
Part is macromolecule membrane；It is characterized in that: the second layer between described ground floor and third layer is coconut palm the third fiber.
Notification number is that the patent of CN200957680 discloses a kind of composite hemp felt plate, is mainly made up of flaxen fiber, its feature
It is: the structure of product is by up of three layers, and ground floor is bottom, and Main Ingredients and Appearance is polyster fibre；The second layer is intermediate layer, mainly
Composition is flaxen fiber and polypropylene fiber；Third layer is surface layer, and Main Ingredients and Appearance is polyster fibre and polypropylene fiber.
Notification number is that the patent of CN102294853A discloses a kind of Hamburg type fibrilia plate and preparation method thereof: it includes
Surface layer (1), flaxen fiber carpet veneer (2) and bottom (3) three layers, described surface layer (1) and bottom (3) are acupuncture nonwoven layer of cloth；Described
Each component and the quality proportioning thereof of needle punched non-woven fabrics are as follows: polypropylene fiber 40-60%, 4080 fiber 8-20%, polyster fibre 30-
50%；Each component and the quality proportioning thereof of described bast fibre felt are as follows: monofilament and flaxen fiber 10-30%, polyster fibre 30-40%, third
Synthetic fibre fiber 40-50%.First step during preparation: prepare needle punched non-woven fabrics；Second step: make one side and be needle punched non-woven fabrics, be simultaneously fiber crops
The composite base material semi-finished product of fiber felt；3rd step, one-step mould makes finished product.
A large amount of composites using petroleum base thermoplastic fibre or glass fibre to produce can produce serious environmental pollution
Problem.Polylactic acid can derive from the plant such as Semen Maydis, Maninot esculenta crantz., has Wholly-degradable, free from environmental pollution.Available polylactic acid replaces
Petroleum base resin to carry out being compounded to form sheet material with natural plant fibre, and its compound method determines structure and the spy of sheet material
Property, the factor such as efficiency and cost of also determining industrialized production.
Notification number is the preparation method that the patent of CN101691054B discloses a kind of polylactic-acid-base linen fiber composite plates, its
Step is to pulverize, with pulverizer, powder-type and the corpuscular polylactic acid that polylactic resin obtains, and uses textile type flaxen fiber layer by layer
The method laid, utilizes mechanical property that polylactic acid is good, thermoplasticity, fibre forming property, transparency advantages of higher by hot-forming
Technique prepares polylactic-acid-base linen fiber composite plates.
Foregoing invention have no can industrial high efficiency rate by powder-type and corpuscular polylactic acid uniform spreading textile type fiber crops
Method between fibrous layer, the adhesion between polylactic acid and textile type flaxen fiber layer has no the statement side of firm reliability simultaneously
Method.
Notification number is that the patent of CN101691045A discloses a kind of acid fiber by polylactic and flaxen fiber mixed plate and life thereof
Product method.Flaxen fiber composition in the described sheet material of this invention is single, without other fibers, and the rigidity of such sheet material and drawing
Stretching the property regulation narrow range such as intensity, the scope of application of sheet material is the widest, also cannot reduce high one-tenth by the composition of regulation fiber
The usage amount of this polylactic acid, make the material cost of sheet material occupy high-leveled and difficult under；Employing treatment fluid in the described production method of this invention
Fiber felt soaking the method program dried again many, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of Polylactic acid composite board and preparation method thereof.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is, a kind of Polylactic acid composite board, by polylactic acid with
Fiber crops base fiber is constituted, and the quality accounting of wherein said polylactic acid is 25-39.5%, described fiber crops base fiber by flaxen fiber and bamboo fibre,
The wood fiber, one or more mixture formed of three kinds of fibers of monkey grass, wherein the quality accounting of flaxen fiber is 51%-
99%；Described flaxen fiber is the mixture of one or more in tossa, ramee, sisal fiber, flax fiber；
The preparation method of a kind of Polylactic acid composite board, specifically includes following steps:
A: by flaxen fiber and bamboo fibre, the wood fiber, three kinds of fibers of monkey grass one or more carry out being mixed to form fiber crops
Base fiber；
B: polylactic acid is spun into polylactic acid short-fiber；
C: carry out mixing and making composite fibrofelt with fiber crops base fiber by polylactic acid short-fiber；
D: to composite fibrofelt surface spraying treatment fluid；
E: finally heated composite fibrofelt the mode with roll-in or plate pressure are suppressed and can be made sheet material.
Treatment fluid in above-mentioned steps D is the mixture of one or more in fire retardant, antibacterial, antioxidant, so that
Fibre board reaches antibacterial, fire-retardant serviceability.
Having the beneficial effect that produced by the present invention, the present invention can control sheet material by the accounting regulating various fibers
Rigidity and tensile property, meanwhile, can regulate the usage amount of high cost polylactic acid, and the usage amount of polylactic acid is the lowest, the one-tenth of material
This is the lowest.It addition, sheet material only has polylactic acid and natural fiber, without any petroleum based material, nonpoisonous and tasteless, non-volatility,
There is Wholly-degradable；Manufacture, use time and use after the most free from environmental pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
It is illustrated as the production technological process of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The equipment that embodiments of the present invention relate to is existing universal industrial equipment, particularly as follows: vacuum drum is dried
Machine, screw extruding melt spinning machine, drawing of fiber extruder, fibre cutting machine, carding machine, mixing willow (mixes), lapping machine, pin
Thorn machine, tunnel type baking oven, closed baking oven, roll squeezer, plate pressing machine etc..
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1:
The numb base fiber of the present embodiment is made up of tossa, ramee, bamboo fibre, and its quality accounting is respectively as follows:
80%, 15%, 5%；Polylactic acid is respectively 39% with the quality accounting of fiber crops base fiber, and 61%.
A, is mixed to form flaxen fiber and bamboo fibre fiber crops base fiber, specifically comprises the following steps that
A1: tossa, ramee, bamboo fibre are cut into the chopped fiber of a length of 120mm, 100mm, 90mm also respectively
Shredding respectively；
A2: by 80%, tossa prepared for A1 step, ramee, bamboo fibre are sent into mixing willow by the ratio of 15%, 5%
Carry out being mixed to form fiber crops base fiber；
B, is spun into polylactic acid short-fiber by polylactic acid, specifically comprises the following steps that
B1: polylactic acid is carried out in vacuum drum drying machine vacuum drum and is dried 8-48 hour to remove moisture removal so that it is
Moisture content is below 0.005%；
B2: by dried polylactic acid by screw extruder melt spinning, then make through drawing-off, extruding bending, cut-out
Polylactic acid short-fiber, concrete specification is fiber number 10-50dtex, length 30-120mm, and number of bends is 0.2-1/mm；
C: carry out mixing and making composite fibrofelt with fiber crops base fiber by polylactic acid short-fiber；
Specifically comprise the following steps that
C1, numb base fiber prepared by polylactic acid short-fiber step B prepared and step A is by quality accounting 39%, 61% warp
Send into after mixing willow mixing and close composite fibre room；
C2, sends into the composite fibre in composite fibre room after carding machine combing, and makes multiple through the method for lapping, acupuncture
Condensating fiber felt.Width and the thickness of fiber felt is according to requirements controlled during lapping；
D: to composite fibrofelt surface spraying treatment fluid.This treatment fluid be the one in fire retardant, antibacterial, antioxidant or
Several mixture, spray flux controls at 10-400g/m2；
E: the composite fibrofelt after adding hot pressing D step by the mode of roll-in or plate pressure can make sheet material
A () uses roll-in mode, specifically comprise the following steps that
Ea1: the composite fibrofelt after D step is continuously introduced into tunnel oven, the entrance of tunnel oven, middle part, outlet
Temperature is arranged respectively to 110-130 ± 5 °, 150-170 ± 5 °, 190-210 ± 5 ° according to the thin degree of felt；Composite fibrofelt
The speed of access tunnel baking oven is 10mm-200mm/s.
Ea2: carry out compacting can make sheet material by sending into roll squeezer from baking oven high temperature composite fibrofelt out.Roll-in speed
Spend identical with Ea1 step；
Ea3: become to meet by roll squeezer plate cutting out and use the size required；
B () uses plate pressure mode, specifically comprise the following steps that
Eb1: the composite fibrofelt after D step is cut into required area on request；
Eb2: sent into by the composite fibrofelt of well cutting and close baking oven, the temperature in baking oven is arranged according to the thin degree of felt
Become 190-210 ± 5 °；
After Eb3:1-5 minute, take out the composite fibrofelt feeding trigger squeeze compacting closed in baking oven and can make sheet material；
Embodiment 2:
The ratio of fiber crops base fiber is different as different from Example 1, and fiber crops base fiber is by tossa, ramee, bamboo
Dimension composition, its quality accounting is respectively as follows: 60%, and 20%, 20%；The mass ratio of polylactic acid and fiber crops base fiber is with embodiment 1, producer
Formula is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Polylactic acid is respectively 34% with the quality accounting of fiber crops base fiber unlike embodiment 1 and 2, and 66%, fiber crops base fiber
Composition be tossa 60%, monkey grass 40%, the mode of production is with embodiment 1.
The material accounting of above-mentioned 3 embodiments is different, and the performance of sheet material is the most different, the most as shown in table 1:
As can be seen from Table 1, due to bamboo fibre and the increase of ramee ratio, embodiment 2 is stronger than the stretching of embodiment 1
Degree improves 15.6%, but elongation at break reduces 26.9%, and it is interior that therefore embodiment 2 is applicable to do that degree of drawing is low, intensity is high
Door-plate, embodiment 1 is applicable to hat rack.Embodiment 3 is owing to have employed the monkey grass of higher proportion so that it is tensile property is big
Amplitude improves, and is applicable to do ceiling, makes the quality accounting of the polylactic acid of high cost be down to 34% simultaneously, make the material of whole sheet material
Material cost compares embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 reduces 15%.
Table 1
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a Polylactic acid composite board, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
A: tossa and monkey grass are mixed to form fiber crops base fiber；
B: polylactic acid is spun into polylactic acid short-fiber；
C: carry out mixing and making composite fibrofelt with fiber crops base fiber by polylactic acid short-fiber；
D: to composite fibrofelt surface spraying treatment fluid；
E: finally heated composite fibrofelt the mode with roll-in or plate pressure are suppressed and can be made sheet material；
The composition of described fiber crops base fiber is tossa 60%, monkey grass 40%, and polylactic acid divides with the quality accounting of fiber crops base fiber
It is not 34%, 66%；
Described treatment fluid is the mixture of one or more in fire retardant, antibacterial, antioxidant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310488955.1A CN103538136B (en) | 2013-10-17 | A kind of Polylactic acid composite board and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310488955.1A CN103538136B (en) | 2013-10-17 | A kind of Polylactic acid composite board and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103538136A CN103538136A (en) | 2014-01-29 |
| CN103538136B true CN103538136B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101121813A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-02-13 | 同济大学 | Full-degradation natural fibre/polylactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof |
| KR20090058374A (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Preparation method of poly lactic acid/natural fiber composites |
| CN101691045A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-04-07 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Plate and manufacture method thereof |
| CN101691054A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-04-07 | 同济大学 | Method for preparing low-interlaminar-spacing polylactic-acid-base linen fiber composite plates |
| CN102963079A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-03-13 | 中国纺织科学研究院 | Composite fiber felt and composite fiber board for automobile inner decoration and preparation methods of composite fiber mat and composite fiber board |
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101121813A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-02-13 | 同济大学 | Full-degradation natural fibre/polylactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof |
| KR20090058374A (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Preparation method of poly lactic acid/natural fiber composites |
| CN101691054A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-04-07 | 同济大学 | Method for preparing low-interlaminar-spacing polylactic-acid-base linen fiber composite plates |
| CN101691045A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-04-07 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Plate and manufacture method thereof |
| CN102963079A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-03-13 | 中国纺织科学研究院 | Composite fiber felt and composite fiber board for automobile inner decoration and preparation methods of composite fiber mat and composite fiber board |
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