CN103534476B - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103534476B
CN103534476B CN201180070884.2A CN201180070884A CN103534476B CN 103534476 B CN103534476 B CN 103534476B CN 201180070884 A CN201180070884 A CN 201180070884A CN 103534476 B CN103534476 B CN 103534476B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fuel
valve
room
described valve
outlet
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Active
Application number
CN201180070884.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103534476A (en
Inventor
安德鲁·E·迈耶
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/06—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves being furnished at seated ends with pintle or plug shaped extensions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F02M61/205—Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0073—Pressure balanced valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/14—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel having cyclically-operated valves connecting injection nozzles to a source of fuel under pressure during the injection period
    • F02M69/145—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel having cyclically-operated valves connecting injection nozzles to a source of fuel under pressure during the injection period the valves being actuated electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
    • F02M51/0642—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto
    • F02M51/0653—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto the valve being an elongated body, e.g. a needle valve

Abstract

A kind of fuel injector body has fuel chambers and the valve seat around fuel outlet.Valve body is positioned at valve seat and valve rod extends through fuel outlet and fuel chambers.The joint (being disengaged) of valve body and valve seat cuts out (opening) ejector.Fuel chambers can include the main room that connected by valve path and ancillary chamber and metering element, metering element limits the fuel flow rate between room, thus providing flow to rely on closing forces, this flow relies on the fuel flow rate that closing forces reduces through ejector and to the dependency of fuel inlet pressure and makes flow depend on ejector to activate power.Injector body or valve body can include at least partly surrounding the spraying profiled surface that valve seat is arranged, this spraying profiled surface is arranged to guide injected fuel spray to flow through fuel outlet.

Description

Fuel injector
Technical field
The field of the invention relates to fuel injector.Especially, disclosed herein fuel injector, it can keep Be substantially independent of fuels sources pressure fuel flow rate or can be with desired spray pattern delivery of fuel.
Background technology
It is previously disclosed broad category of fuel injector.
Thering is provided the dependent fuel injector with the fuel flow rate reduction to fuel inlet pressure will be desirable.Carry To can be desirable at the fuel injector of the fuel flow rate that injection period changes electronically for having.Offer has the generation phase The fuel injector of at least one spraying profiled surface of the injected fuel spray shape hoped will be desirable.The height with improvement is provided Laminate seal will be desirable to allow the fuel injector of the balance of pressure and the relatively low leakage improved.Known patent ginseng Examine document seem shortage those features.
Summary of the invention
Fuel injector includes injector body and reciprocating valve.Injector body has fuel chambers, is connected to fuel chambers Fuel inlet, be connected to the fuel outlet of fuel chambers and around the valve seat of fuel outlet.Reciprocating valve includes valve rod and valve Main body, and at valve seat and valve rod extends through fuel outlet and fuel chambers from valve body to be positioned to valve body.Valve and ejector Main body is arranged such that valve motion in a first direction causes the joint of valve body and valve seat and substantially stops fuel stream Cross fuel outlet, and the motion that valve is in a second direction that is opposite the first direction causes being disengaged of valve body and valve seat And allow the fuel to flow through fuel outlet.
Fuel chambers can include main fuel room and auxiliary fuel room, and fuel injector can also include that main valve seals Part and metering element.Main fuel room and auxiliary fuel room are connected by valve path, and fuel inlet is connected to main fuel room, and Fuel outlet is connected to auxiliary fuel room.Main valve seal engages with main fuel room, and is positioned and is arranged to substantially Fuel is stoped to flow through the bonding part of main fuel room around valve rod.Metering element is positioned and is arranged to limit from main fuel Room is to the fuel flow rate in auxiliary fuel room.
Injector body can include at least partly surrounding the spraying profiled surface that valve seat is arranged, or valve body is permissible (valve-seat-engaging portion) spraying arranged is divided including the seat interface at least partly surrounding valve body Profiled surface.Spraying profiled surface is arranged to guide injected fuel spray to flow through fuel outlet.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of fuel injector is proposed, including: (a) injector body, it includes mainly Fuel chambers, be connected to the fuel inlet of described main fuel room, auxiliary fuel room, the component upcountry extended, be connected to described The fuel outlet of auxiliary fuel room and the valve seat around described fuel outlet, the described component upcountry extended make described mainly Fuel chambers and described auxiliary fuel room are separately and at least partly about connection described main fuel room and described auxiliary fuel room Valve path；B () reciprocating valve, it extends through described fuel outlet, described auxiliary fuel room, described valve path and described master Want fuel chambers；And (c) fuel metering path, its extend between described fuel chambers and be arranged to only to allow from described mainly Fuel chambers is to the restricted fuel flow rate of described auxiliary fuel room；D () wherein said valve and described injector body are arranged Become to make described valve to cause the joint of described valve and described valve seat in a first direction relative to the motion of described injector body And substantially stop fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, and described valve is in a second direction relative to described injector body What motion caused described valve and described valve seat is disengaged and allows the fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, described second direction and Described first direction is contrary；And (e) wherein said fuel injector is constructed such that along with described valve takes off with described valve seat From engaging and fuel flows through described fuel outlet, described restricted from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room Fuel flow rate causes the fuel pressure difference deltap between described main fuel room and described auxiliary fuel room, this fuel pressure difference deltap so that Causing the flow along described first direction to rely on power on described valve, this power is along with the fuel flow rate through described fuel outlet Increase and increase.
Wherein on described valve along described first direction described flow rely on power generally can flow through institute with fuel State square proportionally the changing of speed of fluid passage.
Wherein said fuel injector may also include valve seal, and described valve seal can be positioned and be arranged to substantially Upper prevention fuel flows through described main fuel room along described valve through described valve seal, and wherein said fuel injector can During to be constructed such that proper described valve engages with described valve seat, described valve is the most pressure balanced.
Wherein said fuel metering path can be in described valve path and may be included in described injector body and described Gap between valve.
Wherein said gap may be included in described in the groove axially extended in the component that upcountry extends.
Wherein said gap can include the concave surface towards the described component upcountry extended of described valve axially The flat surfaces extended.
Wherein said fuel metering path may be included in the path or aperture formed in described injector body.
Wherein said component can be integrally formed as a part for described injector body.
Wherein said component can engage described valve at described valve through described valve path at least in part.
Wherein said fuel injector may also include that elastic spring member, and it can be arranged in said first direction Advance described valve；And actuator, it can be arranged to advance in this second direction described valve in response to control signal.
Wherein said injector body can include profiled surface of spraying, and described spraying profiled surface can be by least in part Arrange to guide injected fuel spray to flow through described fuel outlet around described valve seat.
It is the most symmetrical that wherein said spraying profiled surface may be about the axis that defined by described valve.
Wherein said spraying profiled surface can include multiple circumference section, the plurality of circumference section can be arranged to relative to The different respective angles of the axis defined by described valve guides the corresponding circumferential portion of described injected fuel spray.
Wherein said valve can include profiled surface of spraying, and described spraying profiled surface can be at least partly surrounded described valve Seat interface distribution put to guide injected fuel spray to flow through described fuel outlet.
It is the most symmetrical that wherein said spraying profiled surface may be about the axis that defined by described valve.
Wherein said spraying profiled surface can include multiple circumference section, the plurality of circumference section can be arranged to relative to The different respective angles of the axis defined by described valve guides the corresponding circumferential portion of described injected fuel spray.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of fuel injector is proposed, including: (a) injector body, it includes mainly Fuel chambers, it is connected to the fuel inlet of described main fuel room, auxiliary fuel room, connects described main fuel room and described auxiliary The valve path radially shunk of fuel chambers, it is connected to the fuel outlet of described auxiliary fuel room and around described fuel outlet Valve seat；(b) reciprocating valve, its extend through described fuel outlet, described auxiliary fuel room, described valve path and described mainly Fuel chambers；C () metering element, it is positioned and is arranged to limit the combustion from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room Stream amount；D () wherein said valve and described injector body are arranged such that described valve is in a first direction relative to described The motion of injector body causes the joint of described valve and described valve seat and substantially stops fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, and And described valve causes being disengaged of described valve and described valve seat relative to the motion of described injector body in a second direction And allowing the fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, described second direction is opposite to the first direction；E () wherein said valve also wraps Including spraying profiled surface, described spraying profiled surface is distributed by the seat interface at least partly surrounding described valve to be put to guide Described fuel outlet is flow through in injected fuel spray；And (f) wherein said spraying profiled surface includes multiple circumference section, the plurality of week It is arranged to guide the corresponding of described injected fuel spray with the different respective angles relative to the axis defined by described valve to section Circumferential portion.
Wherein (g) described fuel chambers can include main fuel room and the auxiliary fuel room connected by valve path, wherein said Fuel inlet may be connected to described main fuel room and described fuel outlet may be connected to described auxiliary fuel room；(h) described combustion Material ejector may also include fuel metering path, described fuel metering path can be positioned and be arranged to only to allow from described mainly Fuel chambers is to the restricted fuel flow rate in described auxiliary fuel room；I () described fuel injector may also include at least partly Ground is around the component upcountry extended of described valve path；And (j) described fuel injector can be configured so that along with institute State valve to be disengaged with described valve seat and fuel flows through described fuel outlet, from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room Described restricted fuel flow rate cause the fuel pressure difference deltap between described main fuel room and described auxiliary fuel room, this combustion Expecting pressure differential and then the flow along described first direction can be caused on described valve to rely on power, this power can be along with through described combustion Expect that the increase of the fuel flow rate of outlet increases.
Wherein on described valve along described first direction described flow rely on power generally can flow through institute with fuel State square proportionally the changing of speed of fluid passage.
Wherein said fuel injector may also include valve seal, and described valve seal can be positioned and be arranged to substantially Stop fuel to flow through described main fuel room along described valve through described valve seal, and wherein said fuel injector can quilt It is configured so that described valve is the most pressure balanced when described valve engages with described valve seat.
Wherein said fuel metering path can be in described valve path and may be included in described injector body and described Gap between valve.
Wherein said gap may be included in described in the groove axially extended in the component that upcountry extends.
Wherein said gap can include the concave surface towards the described component upcountry extended of described valve axially The flat surfaces extended.
Wherein said fuel metering path may be included in the path or aperture formed in described injector body.
Wherein said component can be integrally formed as a part for described injector body.
Wherein said component can engage described valve at described valve through described valve path at least in part.
Described fuel injector may also include that elastic spring member, and it can be arranged to advance in said first direction Described valve；And actuator, it can be arranged to advance in this second direction described valve in response to control signal.
According to the third aspect of the invention we, a kind of fuel injector is proposed, including: (a) injector body, it includes mainly Fuel chambers, it is connected to the fuel inlet of described main fuel room, auxiliary fuel room, connects described main fuel room and described auxiliary The valve path radially shunk of fuel chambers, it is connected to the fuel outlet of described auxiliary fuel room and around described fuel outlet Valve seat；(b) reciprocating valve, its extend through described fuel outlet, described auxiliary fuel room, described valve path and described mainly Fuel chambers；C () metering element, it is positioned and is arranged to limit the combustion from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room Stream amount；D () wherein said valve and described injector body are arranged such that described valve is in a first direction relative to described The motion of injector body causes the joint of described valve and described valve seat and substantially stops fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, and And described valve causes described valve to be disengaged also with described valve seat relative to the motion of described injector body in a second direction Allowing the fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, described second direction is opposite to the first direction；(e) wherein said fuel outlet Including the spraying profiled surface of described valve body, described spraying profiled surface is to put and to be positioned around the annularly-distributed of described valve and to become Shape is to be impacted by the fuel flowing through described fuel outlet；And (f) wherein said spraying profiled surface is around by described valve circle Fixed axis is the most asymmetric and includes that multiple circumference section, the plurality of circumference section are arranged to make to flow through described fuel and go out The corresponding circumferential portion of the fuel of mouth is with the different respective angles deflection relative to described axis.
Wherein (g) described fuel chambers can include main fuel room and the auxiliary fuel room connected by valve path, wherein said Fuel inlet may be connected to described main fuel room and described fuel outlet may be connected to described auxiliary fuel room；(h) described combustion Material ejector may also include fuel metering path, described fuel metering path can be positioned and be arranged to only to allow from described mainly Fuel chambers is to the restricted fuel flow rate in described auxiliary fuel room；I () described fuel injector may also include at least partly Ground is around the component upcountry extended of described valve path；And (j) described fuel injector can be configured so that along with institute State valve to be disengaged with described valve seat and fuel flows through described fuel outlet, from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room In described restricted fuel flow rate cause the fuel pressure difference deltap between described main fuel room and described auxiliary fuel room, should Fuel pressure difference deltap and then can cause the flow along described first direction to rely on power on described valve, and this power can be along with through described The increase of the fuel flow rate of fuel outlet and increase.
Wherein on described valve along described first direction described flow rely on power generally can flow through institute with fuel State square proportionally the changing of speed of fluid passage.
Described fuel injector may also include valve seal, and described valve seal can be positioned and be arranged to substantially to stop Fuel flows through described main fuel room along described valve through described valve seal, and wherein said fuel injector can be constructed It is the most pressure balanced for becoming to make the described valve when described valve engages with described valve seat.
Wherein said fuel metering path can be in described valve path and may be included in described injector body and described Gap between valve.
Wherein said gap may be included in described in the groove axially extended in the component that upcountry extends.
Wherein said gap can include the concave surface towards the described component upcountry extended of described valve axially The flat surfaces extended.
Wherein said fuel metering path may be included in the path or aperture formed in described injector body.
Wherein said component can be integrally formed as a part for described injector body.
Wherein said component can engage described valve at described valve through described valve path at least in part.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, propose a kind of fuel injector, there is injector body, valve path, be connected to The fuel inlet of described valve path, it is connected to the fuel outlet of described valve path, extends through described valve path and through described The reciprocating valve of fuel outlet, and the valve seat around described fuel outlet, wherein said valve and described injector body are by cloth It is set to so that described valve causes connecing of described valve and described valve seat relative to the motion of described injector body in a first direction Merge and substantially stop fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, and described valve is in a second direction relative to described injector body Motion cause described valve to be disengaged and allow the fuel to flow through described fuel outlet with described valve seat, described second direction with Described first direction is contrary, it is characterised in that spraying profiled surface, described spraying profiled surface is with around described fuel outlet The annularly-distributed axis put, be positioned and be configured to by being flow through the fuel impact of described fuel outlet, be around being defined by described valve revolves Turning asymmetric and include multiple circumference section, the plurality of circumference section is arranged to the fuel making to flow through described fuel outlet The corresponding circumferential portion of spraying is with the different respective angles deflection relative to described axis.
Wherein said spraying profiled surface can be the surface that the seat interface of the neighbouring described valve of described valve divides.
Wherein said spraying profiled surface can be the surface of described valve body.
According to the fifth aspect of the invention, propose a kind of fuel injector, there is injector body, valve path, be connected to The fuel inlet of described valve path, it is connected to the fuel outlet of described valve path, extends through described valve path and through described The reciprocating valve of fuel outlet, and the valve seat around described fuel outlet, wherein said valve and described injector body are by cloth It is set to so that described valve causes connecing of described valve and described valve seat relative to the motion in a first direction of described injector body Merge and substantially stop fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, and described valve is relative to described injector body in a second direction Motion cause described valve to be disengaged and allow the fuel to flow through described fuel outlet with described valve seat, described second direction with Described first direction is contrary, it is characterised in that: (a) described valve path is divided into main fuel room and auxiliary fuel room, described combustion Material entrance is connected to described main fuel room, and described fuel outlet connects from described auxiliary fuel room；B structure that () upcountry extends Part makes described main fuel room separate with described auxiliary fuel room and at least partly about described valve path；(c) reciprocating valve Extend through described fuel outlet, described auxiliary fuel room, described valve path and described main fuel room；And (d) fuel gage Amount path extends between described main fuel room and described auxiliary fuel room and is arranged to only allow from described main fuel Room is to the restricted fuel flow rate in described auxiliary fuel room；(e) wherein said fuel injector be constructed such that along with Described valve is disengaged with described valve seat and fuel flows through described fuel outlet, from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel Described restricted fuel flow rate in room causes the fuel pressure difference deltap between described main fuel room and described auxiliary fuel room, This fuel pressure difference deltap so cause on described valve along described first direction flow rely on power, this power is along with through described combustion Expect that the increase of the fuel flow rate of outlet increases.
Fuel injector described according to the fifth aspect of the invention, is further characterized in that spraying profiled surface, described spray Mist profiled surface can be to put around described fuel outlet annularly-distributed, can be positioned and be configured to be flow through described fuel outlet Fuel impact, can the most asymmetric around the axis defined by described valve and can include multiple circumference section, the plurality of week Can be arranged to section make the corresponding circumferential portion of the injected fuel spray flowing through described fuel outlet with relative to described axis not Same respective angles deflection.
When with reference to diagram in the accompanying drawings and in the exemplary enforcement disclosed in the description or claims of following word During mode, purpose and advantage about fuel injector can become obvious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the viewgraph of cross-section of exemplary fuel injector.
Fig. 2 A and 2B is the fuel flow rate calculating figure with fuel inlet pressure of the exemplary fuel injector about Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is fuel outlet and the viewgraph of cross-section of valve body of the exemplary fuel injector of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is fuel outlet and the viewgraph of cross-section of valve body of exemplary fuel injector.
Fig. 5 is fuel outlet and the viewgraph of cross-section of valve body of exemplary fuel injector.
Fig. 6 is fuel outlet and the perspective view of spraying profiled surface of exemplary fuel injector.
Fig. 7 is fuel outlet and the perspective view of spraying profiled surface of exemplary fuel injector.
Embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings is exemplary and is not construed as limiting the disclosure or appended right The scope required.
Detailed description of the invention
Exemplary fuel injector figure 1 illustrates and include injector body 102 and reciprocating valve 110.Through injection The axial hole of device main body 102 forms fuel chambers and (goes up the main combustion that the valve path 118 by radially shrinking connects in this example Material room 104 and auxiliary fuel room 116；Other example can include the layout of any suitable one or more fuel chambers).Combustion Material entrance 106 is connected to main fuel room 104, and fuel outlet 101 is connected to auxiliary fuel room 116.Operation in this example Period, fuel (or fuel/air mixture) flows to main fuel room from fuel supply (not shown) through fuel inlet 106 In 104, flow in auxiliary fuel room 116, and then pass through fuel outlet 101 and flow out.Valve seat 140 (indicating in figs. 3-5) encloses Arrange around fuel outlet 101.
Valve 110 include the valve body 114 being just positioned at outside fuel outlet 101 and extend through fuel outlet 101, Fuel chambers 104 and 116 and the valve rod 112 of valve path 118.Valve 110 (upwards, as shown in the drawings) in a first direction Axially-movable cause valve body 114 to engage valve seat 140, the most substantially stop fuel to flow through fuel outlet and (that is, close injection Device).The motion of valve 110 (downwards, as illustrated in the drawings) in the other directions causes valve body 114 to take off with valve seat 140 From joint, so that fuel can flow through fuel outlet 101 (that is, opening ejector).Fuel outlet is generally by valve body 114 Limit with the joint of valve seat 140, and fuel injector can be after fuel outlet 101 (that is, outside auxiliary fuel room 116 Portion) include other path, passage or other stream guide structure.
Generally use the elastic spring member of any suitable type or layout with eccentrically arranged valve 110 in a first direction, keep Fuel injector cuts out.In the exemplary fuel injector of Fig. 1, use compression helical spring 134.When fuel spray is opened in hope During emitter, tensile force is applied to valve 110 by actuator in response to control signal in a second direction, overcomes spring closing force also Open fuel injector 10.In the example of fig. 1, actuator includes solenoid 130 and armature 132.
Any other suitable actuator, such as piezo actuator can be used.Can use that any other is suitable Arrange and open or close fuel injector.Such as, spring can be arranged to apply a force upon on second (that is, opening) direction And actuator can be arranged to apply a force upon on first (that is, cutting out) direction.In another example, it is possible to use one Or multiple actuator is the most all to provide power.
In the exemplary embodiment, main valve seal 108 engages main fuel room 104 and encloses to be substantially impeded from fuel The part engaging valve seal 108 of fuel chambers 104 is flow through around valve rod 112.Valve seal 108 is wider (reference at top Fig. 1) so that it engages spring 134.The crimping with conical lower portion end is pressed against on sealing member 108 against valve 110, thus connects Close sealing member 108 and promote sealing member 108 to move together with valve rod 112 when valve 110 moves back and forth.Sealing member 108 is by machine It is processed into and is snugly fit inside in main fuel room 104, to reduce between wall and the sealing member 108 in main fuel room 104 Leakage in small-gap suture.Similarly, the valve seal 108 in the embodiment that figure 1 illustrates is not fixed to valve rod 112, But it is machined to closely coordinate against it.
The circumferential component radially inwardly extended or flange 119 form the valve path 118 radially shunk.Such radial direction Contraction can narrow equably by making hole or by reduce that valve path 118 radially inwardly extends at flange 119 one or Other structure any of the cross-sectional area at multiple points realizes.In some embodiments, flange 119 can at least portion Point ground engages (that is, to keep the spacing of tighter tolerances close to) valve rod 112, in order to approximation fully stops fuel around valve rod 112 flow in such engaging zones.
Valve rod 112 can also selectively include being attached to valve rod 112 and extending radially outward to engage valve path 118 Peripheral flange.In such selectable embodiment, it should be noted that so that such outward extend flange, mainly Valve seal 108 and valve body 114 are caused properly by the relative area of the part of the fuel pressure in auxiliary fuel room 116 Power be applied on valve 110 (see below).
Metering element 120 is arranged to limit from main fuel room 104 to the fuel flow rate of auxiliary fuel room 116.At Fig. 3 With in the example of 5, metering element 120 includes the valve path 118 radially shunk engaging valve rod 112, that is, be positioned at master Wanting the fuel metering path between fuel chambers 104 and auxiliary fuel room 116, it is arranged to only allow from main fuel room 104 Restricted fuel flow rate in auxiliary fuel room 116.
The bonding part of valve rod 112 or flange 119 can be provided with at least one of the length of stretch flange formability 119 and axially prolong The groove stretched or flat.Flange 119 and valve rod 112 are not engaged with each other at such groove or office, par, thus stay The metering aperture 122 of the restricted fuel flow rate between lower permission main fuel room 104 and auxiliary fuel room 116.Fig. 4's In example, the fuel metering path of metering element 120 or restriction flow includes by connecting main fuel room 104 and auxiliary fuel room The metering aperture 122 that the hole formed through flange 119 of 116 or path are formed.Permission main fuel room 104 and auxiliary can be used That helps the fuel flow rate limited suitably between fuel chambers 116 connects any of main fuel room 104 and auxiliary fuel room 116 Path or aperture.Such path or aperture can be formed in such as injector body 102, flange 119, valve rod 112 or shape Become and (such as, formed by groove as above or flat) between flange 119 and valve rod 112.
When fuel injector 10 cuts out, the fuel pressure between main fuel room 104 and auxiliary fuel room 116 is by meter Metering-orifice mouth 122 is balance.Fuel pressure in main fuel room 104 by power in a first direction against main valve seal 108 are applied on valve 110.Fuel pressure in auxiliary fuel room 116 is by power being positioned at against valve body 114 in a second direction The part in valve seat 140 and not occupied by valve rod 112 is applied on valve 110.If applying the throwing of the position of those power Shadow area (being perpendicular to valve rod 112) is substantially equal to each other, then fuel pressure will not apply resulting net force on valve 110.Fuel sprays Emitter 10 is considered as pressure balanced when it substantially meets this condition.
When fuel under pressure flows through entrance 106, the upward direction of Fig. 1 exists fluid pressure.Under this condition, Fluid force makes injector body 102 slightly expand, thus is slightly increased the bore dia of room 104, and this generally will cause sealing member 108 With the small-gap suture (sealing member/body gap) between main body 102 expands, increasing the seepage through sealing member 108 or leakage, this is Undesirable.But, using the layout of the sealing member 108 shown in Fig. 1, fluid force will make (a) main body 102 and (b) sealing member Gap (sealing member/bar gap) between 108 and valve rod 112 both expands.Because sealing member/bar gap is at top end (Fig. 1 In) place blocked by tapered crimp, so it forms closed end (dead end), does not produce other leakage.Advantageously however, combustion is worked as When material ejector is pressurized, the expansion in sealing member/bar gap trends towards offsetting broadening of sealing member/body gap, thus passes through The seepage through sealing member 108 or leakage are reduced in sealing member/bar gap.
When there is not the power applied by actuator, the unique power being applied to valve 110 is the power of spring 134, spring 134 Power the valve 110 of fuel injector is biased in closed position.When enough power is applied by solenoid 130 in a second direction To (that is, when actuator force exceedes spring force) during valve 110, valve 110 is mobile (downwards) in a second direction and opens.If by The power that spring 134 applies changes (so most of springs are exactly generally in the range of finite motion) linearly along with displacement, that The displacement of valve 110 is the most proportional to the difference between spring force and actuator force.
In the case of the effect not having metering element 120, fuel flow rate is generally by the square root with fuel inlet pressure Approximately proportionally change, and depend on actuator force the most slightly under higher fuel pressure.In some cases, Wish to reduce or substantially eliminate the fuel flow rate such dependency to fuel inlet pressure.Also want to fuel flow rate depend on Actuating power (that is, the resulting net force applied by the solenoid 130 in the example of Fig. 1 and spring 134).Metering element 120 provides that A little functions, as described further below.
Restricted metering aperture 122 provides the restricted combustion between main fuel room 104 and auxiliary fuel room 116 Stream amount.As it has been described above, when fuel injector 10 cuts out, the fuel pressure in those rooms is balance, and the most additionally Pressure cause power be applied on valve 110.But, when fuel injector 10 is opened and fuel flows, pressure differential is in main combustion Producing between material room 104 (elevated pressures) and auxiliary fuel room 116 (lower pressure), this is due to by restricted dip hatch The flow of mouth 122 relies on pressure and declines.This pressure differential causes the stream trended towards at first (that is, closing) square valve 110 of boosting Amount dependence power.Result is that a kind of negative feedback is arranged.Higher fuel inlet pressure produces higher fuel flow rate, and then causes To relying on the increase of power towards closed position in the flow that moved by valve 110, thus reduce fuel flow rate.On the contrary, it is relatively low Fuel inlet pressure produces relatively low fuel flow rate, and then causes the flow on valve 110 to rely on the reduction of closing forces, thus increases Fuel flow rate.
Negative feedback can be reduced through the fuel flow rate of fuel injector 10 (for given actuator force and constant spring Power) dependency to fuel inlet pressure.Such as, show in Figures 2 A and 2 B about there is negative feedback (dotted line) and not having The fuel flow rate of the calculating of the fuel injector of negative feedback (solid line) and the figure of fuel pressure.Fuel injector through Fig. 1 Fuel flow rate depends on the flow resistance in metering aperture 122 and (measures 0.021mm for Fig. 2 A2Flow area and for Fig. 2 B measure 0.105mm2Flow area), valve-position-dependence flow resistance at fuel outlet 101, be applied to by spring 134 and valve actuator The clean non-flowing-dependency power (22.25N is about for Fig. 2 A and 2B) of valve 110, and mainly valve seal 108 and valve body 114 (is 1.128mm for Fig. 2 A and 2B by the area of the fuel pressure in each fuel chambers2Pressure effective area). Feedback can also reduce injector temperature change effect on fuel flow rate, and injector temperature change can in explosive motor Can be significantly.Any area outward extended flange on valve rod 112 reduces the impact that negative feedback is arranged.Can select Any group of these parameters or subgroup are to produce the fuel flow rate expectation dependency to fuel inlet pressure.
In the exemplary embodiment, fuel injector 10 can include being arranged to guide spraying from fuel outlet 101 The spraying profiled surface of fuel.Spraying profiled surface can completely or partially be arranged in injector body around valve seat 140 On 102, or all or part of layout that spraying profiled surface can divide around the seat interface of valve body 114.
In the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 3, spraying profiled surface 142 is formed at ejector just outside valve seat 140 In main body 102；Figure 4 illustrates two different spraying profiled surface 142a and 142b.At spraying profiled surface in Fig. 3 Indicated angle A between 142 (being surface 142a and 142b in the diagram) and the lateral surface of valve body 114 is (in the diagram for angle A1 And A2) can be chosen to produce the expectation geometry of the spraying for the fuel leaving fuel outlet 101 when ejector 10 is opened Shape.Spraying profiled surface 142 can be symmetrical rotatably so that the cross section of Fig. 3 will keep constant, spray regardless of fuel Emitter 10 is around the rotation of the axis defined by valve rod 112.It is the most symmetrical that the injected fuel spray produced also will be around this axis 's.Selectively, spraying profiled surface 142a and 142b can change along with the Angle Position around its axis, causes asymmetric Injected fuel spray.The viewgraph of cross-section of such embodiment can be similar to the viewgraph of cross-section of Fig. 4, wherein surface 142 He Angle A1 and A2 between valve body 114 depends on fuel injector 10 to be changed around the position of rotation of its axis.The angle of valve seat (as Angle S shown in Fig. 3) can change to downwards not result in valve body from 90 ° (that is, smooth valve seat) and be trapped in seat due to wedging In any desired angle.The angle of valve seat 140 can also substantially affect the shape of spraying, such as, if seat angle S is less than angle If A.
A suitable shape for surface 142 can include sweep, this sweep be characterized with radius and with It is tangential on valve seat 140 start and redirect injected fuel spray towards the axis of ejector.It is for instance possible to use approximation 1/4th The radius of millimeter；Can as required or desirably employ any suitable radius.Further, it is possible to use the injectivity radius, or half Footpath can as required or expectation circumferentially, radially or axially change.The sweep on surface can cut at a point Disconnected to produce the expected angle between spraying profiled surface and the side of valve body.If the sweep on surface is around surface Block (producing the angle A in Fig. 3) at the equal length of the whole periphery of 142, then produce spray pattern symmetrical rotatably.If The sweep on surface block at the different length of the periphery around surface 142a and 142b (produce the angle A1 in Fig. 4 and A2), then the most asymmetric spray pattern can be produced.
Wavy class cam face can be formed at the length of change block bending on the end of fuel injector Surface (such as, the surface 143 shown in Fig. 6).In the example of fig. 6, only fuel injector end a part supporting Class cam face 143, and those parts can be similar to the cross section of Fig. 4.The end of ejector include its of surface 142a Remaining part divides the cross section that can be similar to Fig. 3.Many different class cam faces, the group of different class cam faces can be used Close, or class cam face and other shapes of combination, to produce the different jet modes of broad array.Those shapes whole Other surface character, such as, the radial groove on class cam face can be included.
By use around valve seat periphery change spraying profiled surface, create at some " elevation angle " (that is, relative to The angle of ejector axis) upper scattered spray pattern.Such " wavy " spray pattern have been observed to provide for Fuel combination and the big surface area spraying of air, and present towards ejector axis contract less than wide-angle spray cone The trend fallen into.The shape of kind can be widely used to produce the expectation fuel of the series the most widely of fuel injector 10 Spray shapes.
Angle A, A1 and A2 can change to 90 ° from 0 ° (generating the spraying generally axially guided) and (generate generally footpath The spraying guided to ground).In some cases, the angle more than 90 ° can be used.In one example, valve seat 140 is disposed with The seat angle of about 45 °, the radius of about 125 microns of the sweep on surface 142, the diameter of about 1.6mm of valve body 114 And the angle A of about 0 °, produce the spraying generally axially guided the bevel angle (half-angle) comprising about 10 °.
In various different fuel injector arrangement in various explosive motor types, different angular ranges is permissible The fuel providing desired spray shapes or improvement sprays.Such as, angle A (or A1 and A2) can be manufactured to more than about 60 ° Or less than about 85 °, in order to make in the common compression igniter motor (such as, piston type diesel electromotor) directly sprayed With.In another example, angle A (or A1 and A2) can be manufactured to more than about 5 ° or less than about 60 °, in order in two punchings Journey petrol engine uses.In another example, angle A (or A1 and A2) can be manufactured to more than about 15 ° or be less than About 45 °, in order to use in gasoline type direct-injection engine.In another example, angle A (or A1 and A2) can be made Make as more than about 0 ° or less than about 25 °, in order at pre-chamber injection-type engine (pre-chamber-injected Engine) use in.Those angle ranges (can include that not listed above those are sent out in any suitable engine type Motivation type) use, or can use and (be included in those listed above electromotor for any suitable engine type Type) other suitable angle range.
In the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 5, spraying profiled surface 144 engages the region exterior of valve seat 140 at it just It is formed on valve body 114.Instruction between spraying profiled surface 144 and the generallyperpendicular lateral surface of valve body 114 Angle B can be chosen to produce the expectation geometry being suitable for leaving the spraying of the fuel of fuel outlet 101 when ejector 10 is opened Shape.Such layout is generally used in the ejector with conical valve seat, and angle B generally will about 30 ° and 90 ° it Between change；Other suitable angle can be used.As it has been described above, spraying profiled surface 144 can be symmetrical rotatably, or its Can change along with the Angle Position around its axis (not shown).Simple or complicated curved surface or groove type can be used Surface.More generally, spraying profiled surface can be with any desired configuration in injector body 102 or valve body 114 Formed on any one or both.If spraying profiled surface is formed on valve body 114, the most generally will state negative anti-on the implementation Consider during infeed mechanism to apply power on a surface by injected fuel spray.
In addition to the spraying profiled surface 142 or 144 near valve seat 140 location, other spraying can be used to shape Surface or structure shape or guide injected fuel spray.In the illustrative embodiments of Fig. 7, spraying profiled surface 152 is arranged Become the one group of groove radially arranged around valve seat 140 and spraying profiled surface 142.For shaping or guiding injected fuel spray Such surface or the term " spraying shape " that will fall in the disclosure or claims of any suitably-arranged of structure In the range of.
(i) can be implemented in single-fuel ejector together to be used for providing fuel flow rate and fuel inlet pressure or actuating The expectation dependency (or not this dependency) of device power or (ii) are used for providing spraying profiled surface to produce desired fuel The disclosed layout of spray pattern and amendment.Selectively, those arrange only one in amendment or other can be Given fuel injector is implemented.
Therefore, in the first embodiment of an aspect of disclosed fuel injector, fuel injector includes: A () injector body, it includes main fuel room, is connected to the fuel inlet of main fuel room, auxiliary fuel room, upcountry prolongs The component stretched, the fuel outlet being connected to auxiliary fuel room and the valve seat around fuel outlet, this component upcountry extended Make main fuel room and auxiliary fuel room separately and the valve of at least partly about connection main fuel room and auxiliary fuel room leads to Road；B () reciprocating valve, it extends through fuel outlet, auxiliary fuel room, valve path and main fuel room；And (c) fuel gage Amount path, it extends between described fuel chambers and is arranged to only allow from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room In restricted fuel flow rate；
In the first embodiment, valve and injector body are arranged such that valve is in a first direction relative to ejector The motion of main body causes the joint of valve and valve seat and substantially stops fuel to flow through fuel outlet, and valve is relative to ejector master What body motion in a second direction caused valve and valve seat is disengaged and allows the fuel to flow through fuel outlet, second direction with State first direction contrary.
In the first embodiment, fuel injector is constructed such that to be disengaged with valve seat along with valve and fuel flows through Fuel outlet, the restricted fuel flow rate from main fuel room to auxiliary fuel room causes main fuel room and auxiliary fuel Fuel pressure difference deltap between room, this so that cause flow along a first direction to rely on power on valve, this power is along with through fuel The increase of fuel flow rate of outlet and increase.
In the selectable extension of the first embodiment, when valve is through valve path, and the component upcountry extended is at least It is partially engageable with this valve.In the selectable extension of another kind of the first embodiment, ejector is constructed such that on valve The power that relies on flow along a first direction generally flows through square proportionally changing of the speed of fluid passage with fuel.
Under the certain situation of the first embodiment, valve seal can be positioned and be arranged to be substantially impeded from fuel edge Valve and flow through main fuel room through valve seal, and fuel injector is constructed such that when proper valve engages with valve seat, valve is big Body upper pressure balance.
Under the certain situation of the first embodiment or in other pressure balance embodiment, valve seal can edge Valve rod extend and move back and forth together with valve rod, but be positioned between valve seal and valve rod and have gap so that increase Pressure trend towards expanding sealing member while it expands the hole that blocked by sealing member, reduce leakage.
It addition, in the first embodiment, fuel metering path can be selectively in valve path and include ejector Gap between main body and valve, and if so, axially extending during then gap can be the component upcountry extended recessed Groove, or can be the flat surfaces axially extended of the concave surface towards the component upcountry extended of valve.Optional Ground, fuel metering path can be included in injector body the path or aperture formed.
It addition, in the first embodiment, the component upcountry extended can be integrally formed as the one of injector body Part.
In the second embodiment in terms of another of disclosed fuel injector, fuel injector includes: injection Device main body, valve path, it is connected to the fuel inlet of valve path, is connected to the fuel outlet of valve path, extends through valve path also Through the reciprocating valve of fuel outlet, and the valve seat around described fuel outlet, in this embodiment, valve and ejector master Body is arranged such that valve causes the joint substantially of valve and valve seat in a first direction relative to the motion of injector body Stop fuel to flow through fuel outlet, and valve causes the de-of valve and valve seat relative to the motion of injector body in a second direction From engaging and allowing the fuel to flow through fuel outlet, this second direction is contrary with first direction.
It addition, in this second embodiment, fuel injector also has spraying profiled surface, and this spraying profiled surface is to enclose Put, be positioned and be configured to be impacted by the fuel flowing through fuel outlet around fuel outlet annularly-distributed, be around the axle that defined by valve Line is the most asymmetric and includes that multiple circumference section, the plurality of circumference section are arranged to make to flow through the fuel spray of fuel outlet The corresponding circumferential portion of mist is with the different respective angles deflection relative to the axis defined by described valve.
In this second embodiment, spraying profiled surface can be the surface that the seat interface of proximate valves of (a) valve divides, Or the surface of (b) valve body, or the combination on (c) two above surface.
If it is required, then the first embodiment summarized in this article and the second embodiment or be identified as those implement Any feature of the aspect of mode can be combined with any combination of form.When do not exist one be characterized as required special During explanation, being not intended to of the aspect of disclosed embodiment is required.
It is contemplated that, disclosed illustrative embodiments and the equivalent of method will fall in the disclosure or claims In the range of.It is contemplated that, disclosed illustrative embodiments and method and equivalent thereof can be modified, and are maintained at these public affairs Open or in scope of the following claims.
For the disclosure or the purpose of claims, conjunction " or " (such as, " Canis familiaris L. or cat " should be understood with being comprised Should be interpreted " Canis familiaris L., or cat, or both "；Such as, " Canis familiaris L., cat or Mus " should be interpreted " Canis familiaris L., or cat, or Mus, or any two Individual, or whole three "), unless: (i) its be explicitly described reverse situation, such as, by using " or ... or ", " wherein Only one " or similar language；Or two or more in the alternative listed by (ii) are in special context Mutually exclusive, in this case, " or " will only comprise those combinations relating to non-mutually exclusive alternative.For this Open or the purpose of claims, word " includes (comprising) ", " including (including) ", " having " and Version should be understood open term, has as after each situation wherein, all additive phrases " at least " are identical Implication.

Claims (39)

1. a fuel injector, including:
(a) injector body, it include main fuel room, be connected to the fuel inlet of described main fuel room, auxiliary fuel room, The component upcountry extended, the fuel outlet being connected to described auxiliary fuel room and the valve seat around described fuel outlet, institute Stating the component upcountry extended makes described main fuel room and described auxiliary fuel room separately and at least partly about connection institute State main fuel room and the valve path of described auxiliary fuel room；
B () reciprocating valve, it extends through described fuel outlet, described auxiliary fuel room, described valve path and described main combustion Material room；And
(c) fuel metering path, its extend between described fuel chambers and be arranged to only to allow from described main fuel room to The restricted fuel flow rate of described auxiliary fuel room；
D () wherein said valve and described injector body are arranged such that described valve is in a first direction relative to described injection The motion of device main body causes the joint of described valve and described valve seat and stops fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, and described valve exists It is disengaged and makes fuel energy relative to what the motion of described injector body caused described valve and described valve seat in second direction Enough flowing through described fuel outlet, described second direction is opposite to the first direction；
E () wherein said fuel injector is constructed such that to be disengaged with described valve seat along with described valve and fuel flows through institute Stating fuel outlet, the described restricted fuel flow rate from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room causes described master Want the fuel pressure difference deltap between fuel chambers and described auxiliary fuel room, this fuel pressure difference deltap and then cause along institute on described valve The flow stating first direction relies on power, and this power increases along with the increase of the fuel flow rate through described fuel outlet, and
F () actuator, it is in response to control signal and tensile force is applied to described valve；
G () wherein fuel flow rate depends on described tensile force.
Fuel injector the most according to claim 1, wherein along the described flow of described first direction on described valve Dependence power and fuel flow through square proportionally changing of the speed of the fluid passage of described fuel injector.
Fuel injector the most according to claim 1, also includes that valve seal, described valve seal are positioned and are arranged to Stop fuel to flow through described main fuel room along described valve through described valve seal, and wherein said fuel injector is by structure Cause so that valve described when described valve engages with described valve seat is pressure balanced.
4., according to the fuel injector according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said fuel metering path leads at described valve In road and be included in the gap between described injector body and described valve.
Fuel injector the most according to claim 4, wherein said gap be included in described in the component that upcountry extends The groove axially extended.
Fuel injector the most according to claim 4, wherein said gap includes upcountry prolonging towards described of described valve The flat surfaces axially extended of the concave surface of the component stretched.
7., according to the fuel injector according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein said fuel metering path is included in described The path formed in injector body or aperture.
Fuel injector the most according to claim 1, also includes:
Elastic spring member, it is arranged to advance described valve in said first direction；And
Wherein said actuator is arranged to advance described valve in this second direction in response to described control signal.
Fuel injector the most according to claim 8, the displacement of wherein said valve with equal to the power of spring member and actuating The resulting net force of the difference between the power of device is proportional, and wherein fuel flow rate depends on described resulting net force.
10. according to the fuel injector according to any one of claim 1-3 or claim 8-9, wherein said ejector master Body includes profiled surface of spraying, and described spraying profiled surface is at least partly surrounded described valve seat and arranges to guide injected fuel spray Flow through described fuel outlet.
11. fuel injectors according to claim 10, wherein said spraying profiled surface includes multiple circumference section, described Multiple circumference sections are arranged to guide described injected fuel spray with the different respective angles relative to the axis defined by described valve Corresponding circumferential portion.
12. fuel injectors according to claim 10, the valve seat around described valve that is arranged to of wherein said valve connects Described fuel is flow through with the mode boot injected fuel spray symmetrical rotatably around the axis defined by described valve in the surface of conjunction part Outlet.
13. 1 kinds of fuel injectors, including:
(a) injector body, it include main fuel room, be connected to the fuel inlet of described main fuel room, auxiliary fuel room, Connect described main fuel room and the valve path radially shunk of described auxiliary fuel room, be connected to described auxiliary fuel room Fuel outlet and the valve seat around described fuel outlet；
B () reciprocating valve, it extends through described fuel outlet, described auxiliary fuel room, described valve path and described main combustion Material room；
C () metering element, it is positioned and is arranged to limit the fuel from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room Flow；
D () wherein said valve and described injector body are arranged such that described valve is in a first direction relative to described injection The motion of device main body causes the joint of described valve and described valve seat and stops fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, and described valve exists It is disengaged and makes fuel energy relative to what the motion of described injector body caused described valve and described valve seat in second direction Enough flowing through described fuel outlet, described second direction is opposite to the first direction；
E () wherein said valve also includes profiled surface of spraying, described spraying profiled surface is at least partly surrounded described valve Seat interface distribution puts to guide injected fuel spray to flow through described fuel outlet；And
F () wherein said spraying profiled surface includes that multiple circumference section, the plurality of circumference section are arranged to relative to by institute The different respective angles stating the axis that valve defines guides the corresponding circumferential portion of described injected fuel spray.
14. fuel injectors according to claim 13, wherein:
G () described fuel chambers includes main fuel room and the auxiliary fuel room connected by valve path, wherein said fuel inlet is even Receive described main fuel room and described fuel outlet is connected to described auxiliary fuel room；
H () described fuel injector also includes that fuel metering path, described fuel metering path are positioned and are arranged to only allow Restricted fuel flow rate from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room；
I () described fuel injector also includes the component upcountry extended of at least partly about described valve path；And
J () described fuel injector is constructed such that to be disengaged with described valve seat along with described valve and fuel flows through described combustion Material outlet, from described main fuel room, the described restricted fuel flow rate to described auxiliary fuel room causes described main fuel Fuel pressure difference deltap between room and described auxiliary fuel room, this fuel pressure difference deltap and then cause on described valve along described first The flow in direction relies on power, and this power increases along with the increase of the fuel flow rate through described fuel outlet.
15. fuel injectors according to claim 14, wherein along the described stream of described first direction on described valve Amount dependence power flows through square proportionally changing of the speed of the fluid passage of described fuel injector with fuel.
16. fuel injectors according to claim 14, also include that valve seal, described valve seal are positioned and arrange Become and stop fuel to flow through described main fuel room, and wherein said fuel injector quilt along described valve through described valve seal It is configured so that described valve is pressure balanced when described valve engages with described valve seat.
17. fuel injectors according to claim 14, wherein said fuel metering path is in described valve path and wraps Include the gap between described injector body and described valve.
18. fuel injectors according to claim 17, wherein said gap be included in described in the component that upcountry extends In the groove axially extended.
19. fuel injectors according to claim 17, wherein said gap include described valve towards described upcountry The flat surfaces axially extended of the concave surface of the component extended.
20. fuel injectors according to claim 17, wherein said fuel metering path is included in described ejector master The path formed in body or aperture.
21. fuel injectors according to claim 14, wherein said component is integrally formed as described injector body A part.
22. fuel injectors according to claim 14, wherein said component described valve through described valve path up to Partially engage described valve.
23., according to the fuel injector according to any one of claim 13-22, also include:
I () elastic spring member, it is arranged to advance described valve in said first direction；And
(ii) actuator, it is arranged to advance in this second direction described valve in response to control signal.
24. 1 kinds of fuel injectors, including:
(a) injector body, it include main fuel room, be connected to the fuel inlet of described main fuel room, auxiliary fuel room, Connect described main fuel room and the valve path radially shunk of described auxiliary fuel room, be connected to described auxiliary fuel room Fuel outlet and the valve seat around described fuel outlet；
B () reciprocating valve, it extends through described fuel outlet, described auxiliary fuel room, described valve path and described main combustion Material room；
C () metering element, it is positioned and is arranged to limit the fuel from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room Flow；
D () wherein said valve and described injector body are arranged such that described valve is in a first direction relative to described injection The motion of device main body causes the joint of described valve and described valve seat and stops fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, and described valve exists Described valve is caused to be disengaged with described valve seat and allow the fuel to relative to the motion of described injector body in second direction Flowing through described fuel outlet, described second direction is opposite to the first direction；
E () wherein said fuel outlet includes the spraying profiled surface of described valve body, described spraying profiled surface is with around institute State valve annularly-distributed to put and be positioned and be configured to the fuel by flowing through described fuel outlet and impact；And
F () wherein said spraying profiled surface is around the axis that defined by described valve the most asymmetric and include multiple week To section, the plurality of circumference section is arranged to the corresponding circumferential portion making the fuel flowing through described fuel outlet with relative to described The different respective angles deflection of axis.
25. fuel injectors according to claim 24, wherein:
G () described fuel chambers includes main fuel room and the auxiliary fuel room connected by valve path, wherein said fuel inlet is even Receive described main fuel room and described fuel outlet is connected to described auxiliary fuel room；
H () described fuel injector also includes that fuel metering path, described fuel metering path are positioned and are arranged to only allow Restricted fuel flow rate from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room；
I () described fuel injector also includes the component upcountry extended of at least partly about described valve path；And
J () described fuel injector is constructed such that to be disengaged with described valve seat along with described valve and fuel flows through described combustion Material outlet, the described restricted fuel flow rate from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room causes described main combustion Fuel pressure difference deltap between material room and described auxiliary fuel room, this fuel pressure difference deltap and then cause on described valve along described the The flow in one direction relies on power, and this power increases along with the increase of the fuel flow rate through described fuel outlet.
26. fuel injectors according to claim 25, wherein along the described stream of described first direction on described valve Amount dependence power flows through square proportionally changing of the speed of the fluid passage of described fuel injector with fuel.
27. fuel injectors according to claim 25, also include that valve seal, described valve seal are positioned and arrange Become and stop fuel to flow through described main fuel room, and wherein said fuel injector quilt along described valve through described valve seal It is configured so that described valve is pressure balanced when described valve engages with described valve seat.
28. fuel injectors according to claim 25, wherein said fuel metering path is in described valve path and wraps Include the gap between described injector body and described valve.
29. fuel injectors according to claim 28, wherein said gap be included in described in the component that upcountry extends In the groove axially extended.
30. fuel injectors according to claim 28, wherein said gap include described valve towards described upcountry The flat surfaces axially extended of the concave surface of the component extended.
31. fuel injectors according to claim 25, wherein said fuel metering path is included in described ejector master The path formed in body or aperture.
32. fuel injectors according to claim 25, wherein said component is integrally formed as described injector body A part.
33. fuel injectors according to claim 25, wherein said component described valve through described valve path up to Partially engage described valve.
34. 1 kinds of fuel injectors, have injector body, valve path, are connected to the fuel inlet of described valve path, are connected to The fuel outlet of described valve path, extend through described valve path the reciprocating valve through described fuel outlet, and around The valve seat of described fuel outlet, wherein said valve and described injector body are arranged such that described valve phase in a first direction Motion for described injector body causes the joint of described valve and described valve seat and stops fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, And described valve causes described valve to be disengaged with described valve seat relative to the motion of described injector body in a second direction And allowing the fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, described second direction is opposite to the first direction, it is characterised in that spray into Shape surface, described spraying profiled surface:
(i) to put around the annularly-distributed of described fuel outlet,
(ii) it is positioned and is configured to be impacted at the fuel flowing through described fuel outlet after valve body abjection, and
(iii) being around axis the most asymmetric, including multiple circumference sections, the plurality of circumference section is arranged through making Flow through described fuel outlet injected fuel spray corresponding circumferential portion because of multiple circumference sections difference and with relative to described axis Different respective angles deflections produce the most asymmetric spray pattern.
35. fuel injectors according to claim 34, wherein said spraying profiled surface is the surface of described valve body.
36. fuel injectors according to claim 35, wherein said spraying profiled surface includes the bending with radius Part, described radius starts and redirects injected fuel spray towards described axis being tangential on described valve seat.
37. fuel injectors according to claim 36, wherein said sweep is around described spraying profiled surface Periphery different length at block, to produce the most asymmetric spray pattern.
38. 1 kinds of fuel injectors, have injector body, valve path, are connected to the fuel inlet of described valve path, are connected to The fuel outlet of described valve path, extend through described valve path the reciprocating valve through described fuel outlet, and around The valve seat of described fuel outlet, wherein said valve and described injector body are arranged such that described valve is relative to described injection The motion in a first direction of device main body causes the joint of described valve and described valve seat and stops fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, And described valve causes described valve to be disengaged with described valve seat relative to the motion in a second direction of described injector body And allow the fuel to flow through described fuel outlet, described second direction is opposite to the first direction, it is characterised in that:
A () described valve path is divided into main fuel room and auxiliary fuel room, described fuel inlet is connected to described main fuel Room, described fuel outlet connects from described auxiliary fuel room；
B component that () upcountry extends makes described main fuel room separate with described auxiliary fuel room and at least partly about institute State valve path；
C () reciprocating valve extends through described fuel outlet, described auxiliary fuel room, described valve path and described main fuel Room；
(d) fuel metering path extend between described main fuel room and described auxiliary fuel room and be arranged to only to allow from Described main fuel room is to the restricted fuel flow rate in described auxiliary fuel room；
E () wherein said fuel injector is constructed such that to be disengaged with described valve seat along with described valve and fuel flows through institute Stating fuel outlet, the described restricted fuel flow rate from described main fuel room to described auxiliary fuel room causes described master Want the fuel pressure difference deltap between fuel chambers and described auxiliary fuel room, this fuel pressure difference deltap and then cause along institute on described valve The flow stating first direction relies on power, and this power increases along with the increase of the fuel flow rate through described fuel outlet, and
F () actuator, it is in response to control signal and tensile force is applied to described valve；
G () wherein fuel flow rate depends on described tensile force.
39. according to the fuel injector described in claim 38, is further characterized in that spraying profiled surface, and described spraying shapes table Face to put, be positioned and to be configured to be impacted by the fuel being flow through described fuel outlet around described fuel outlet annularly-distributed, around The axis defined by described valve is the most asymmetric and includes that multiple circumference section, the plurality of circumference section are arranged to make to flow through The corresponding circumferential portion of the injected fuel spray of described fuel outlet is with the different respective angles deflection relative to described axis.
CN201180070884.2A 2011-05-13 2011-05-13 Fuel injector Active CN103534476B (en)

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EP2707592A4 (en) 2015-06-17
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WO2012158153A1 (en) 2012-11-22
EP2707592A1 (en) 2014-03-19

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