CN103529454A - Multi-telescope laser ranging system and method - Google Patents

Multi-telescope laser ranging system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103529454A
CN103529454A CN201310548642.0A CN201310548642A CN103529454A CN 103529454 A CN103529454 A CN 103529454A CN 201310548642 A CN201310548642 A CN 201310548642A CN 103529454 A CN103529454 A CN 103529454A
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China
Prior art keywords
telescope
laser
control device
receiving
laser beam
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CN201310548642.0A
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Inventor
张忠萍
吴志波
张海峰
李朴
孟文东
陈菊平
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Shanghai Astronomical Observatory of CAS
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Shanghai Astronomical Observatory of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
    • G01S17/18—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein range gates are used
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
    • G01C3/02—Details
    • G01C3/06—Use of electric means to obtain final indication
    • G01C3/08—Use of electric radiation detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4816—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/486—Receivers
    • G01S7/487—Extracting wanted echo signals, e.g. pulse detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/486—Receivers
    • G01S7/487—Extracting wanted echo signals, e.g. pulse detection
    • G01S7/4873—Extracting wanted echo signals, e.g. pulse detection by deriving and controlling a threshold value

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-telescope laser ranging system and a multi-telescope laser ranging method, which are used for measuring the distance of space targets. The multi-telescope laser ranging system is characterized by comprising a laser transmitter, a plurality of telescopes, a plurality of receiving and control devices and a main control device, wherein the laser transmitter is used for transmitting laser to the space target; the telescopes are used for receiving a laser echo reflected back from the space target; the receiving control devices are in one-to-one corresponding connection with the telescopes and are used for controlling the corresponding telescopes to receive the laser echo and outputting corresponding data information of the laser echo; on one hand, the main control device is used for controlling the laser transmitter to transmit the laser and controlling each receiving and control device to enable each receiving and control device to control the corresponding telescope to receive the laser echo; on the other hand, the main control device is used for receiving the corresponding data information of the laser echo output by each receiving and control device and calculating the distance of the space target according to the data information. According to the invention, a receiving effect which is equivalent to a receiving effect that a single large caliber telescope receives the laser echo can be completed under low technical difficulty and development cost.

Description

A kind of many telescopes laser distance measuring system and method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to extraterrestrial target laser ranging technique, relate in particular to a kind of many telescopes laser distance measuring system and method thereof.
Background technology
Satellite laser ranging (SLR) (Satellite Laser Ranging, SLR) refer to that land station is to extraterrestrial target Emission Lasers pulse signal, and adopt the telescope of go-no-go to receive return laser beam, thereby by recording the turnaround time of this laser signal from land station to extraterrestrial target, obtain the accurate distance of extraterrestrial target.Because laser has that monochromaticity is good, the feature such as high directivity, anti-interference and high brightness, SLR technology has become the highest technology of precision in extraterrestrial target measurement, is widely used in the fields such as spacecraft precise orbit determination, definite, the global Terrestrial Reference Frame foundation of earth rotation parameter (ERP) maintenance.Expansion along with this technical applications, the satellite of measurement range from several hundred kilometers to tens thousand of kilometers, reach farthest the moon even interplanetary, measurement target type also develops into the non-collaborative space target of surface diffuse reflectance from the cooperative target satellite with corner reflector, yet, because return laser beam intensity is decayed apart from biquadratic, therefore telescopical caliber size has been proposed to requirement.
As everyone knows, the increase of separate unit telescope bore, not only needs to face the Discussion On Development of large-scale supporting structure and heavy caliber eyeglass, also needs to bear the development cost burden with bore 2.5～2.7 power exponent increases.The pattern that conventional extraterrestrial target laser distance measurement method generally adopts separate unit telescope to receive, is limited to technical merit and development cost, and the telescope Receiver aperture using can not be too large, and therefore the laser distance measurement method detectivity of this pattern is limited.At present, the laser ranging of this pattern is the moon for the BURN-THROUGH RANGE of cooperative target, it is lunar laser ranging(LLR), because the echo that separate unit telescope receives is faint, at present in the world 50Duo Ge laser ranging station only 3 can carry out lunar laser ranging(LLR), all using the 3.5m bore of the astronomical observatory of telescope ，Yi U.S. Apache of the above bore of 1.5m is maximum, and is all positioned at advanced, the economically developed American-European countries of telescope Development Techniques.Can expect, for farther detection range or fainter echo strength, adopt the laser distance measurement method of this separate unit telescope receiving mode will be difficult to be promoted and apply.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of many telescopes laser distance measuring system, this system can complete the equivalent received effect that separate unit heavy caliber telescope receives return laser beam with lower technical difficulty and development cost, realizes the breakthrough of separate unit telescope to extraterrestrial target laser ranging detectivity.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A laser distance measuring system, the distance for measurement space target, is characterized in that, this system comprises:
One generating laser, for to described extraterrestrial target Emission Lasers;
Many telescopes, for receiving the return laser beam being reflected back from described extraterrestrial target;
The receiving control device that a plurality of and described telescope connects one to one, receives described return laser beam for controlling corresponding described telescope, and exports the corresponding data information of described return laser beam; And
One main control unit, it controls described generating laser Emission Lasers on the one hand, and controls receiving control device described in each and receive described return laser beam so that they control corresponding telescope; On the other hand, it receives the corresponding data information of the described return laser beam of described receiving control device output, and according to described data message, calculates the distance of described extraterrestrial target.
Further, described in one of them, receiving control device is integrated in described main control unit, and described in all the other, receiving control device is connected with described main control unit.
Aforementioned a kind of many telescopes laser distance measuring system, is connected with one apart from gate signal generator between receiving control device and corresponding described telescope described in each.
Further, the described control accuracy apart from gate signal generator is nanosecond.
Further, described telescopical pointing precision is less than 1 rad.
Preferably, the pointing accuracy of described generating laser is rad level.
The present invention provides a kind of method of utilizing aforementioned many telescopes laser distance measuring system to find range on the other hand, and the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, controls described generating laser to described extraterrestrial target Emission Lasers by described main control unit;
Step 2, controls each receiving control device by described main control unit, so that they control respectively corresponding telescope, receives return laser beam;
Step 3, after receiving described return laser beam, the corresponding data communication of the described return laser beam corresponding described telescope being received by receiving control device described in each is to described main control unit;
Step 4, described main control unit calculates the distance of described extraterrestrial target according to described data message.
Preferably, described step 2 comprises:
Step 21, calculates described return laser beam by described main control unit and estimates arrive each telescopical time and export this time to corresponding described receiving control device;
Step 22, controls respectively each telescope by described receiving control device and receives described return laser beam in the described time of correspondence.
Laser distance measuring system of the present invention is by utilizing many telescope parallel receive return laser beams, increased the capture area of return laser beam, reach the object promoting extraterrestrial target laser ranging detectivity, in the fields such as the long distance laser range finding of weak laser echoed signal, diffuse reflection laser ranging, will there is applications well effect.Visible, technical difficulty and development cost that the present invention can be lower, realize and be equivalent to the equivalent laser acquisition ability of separate unit heavy caliber telescope to extraterrestrial target, and have the technical advantage of the promotion and application of being easy to.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle of work schematic diagram of many telescopes laser distance measuring system of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit connection diagram of many telescopes laser distance measuring system of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the equivalent distances gate value calculating method that adopts of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that event schema is apart from the circuit block diagram of gate signal generator;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the Data Fusion that adopts of the present invention;
Fig. 6 A is for being used separate unit telescope to Ajisai(A Jisha) the residual distance error figure that measures of laser satellite;
The residual distance error figure of Fig. 6 B for using two telescopes to measure Ajisai laser satellite;
Fig. 6 C be separate unit telescope with two telescopes at the same time in section a received return laser beam count Statistical Comparison figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, provide preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be described in detail.
1, realize principle
Extraterrestrial target range laser radar equation is the main theoretical basis of the reform of Chinese economic structure of research extraterrestrial target laser acquisition ability.According to range laser radar equation, range measurement system parameter and measured extraterrestrial target cross-sectional sizes etc., can calculate the average laser echo photon number that a range measurement system obtains.Wherein, extraterrestrial target range laser radar equation (diffuse reflection laser ranging) is as follows:
n 0 = η q hv × E t A r σ 4 π θ t 2 R 4 × T 2 × T t × T r × α - - - ( 1 )
In formula (1), n 0for the average laser echo photon number that telescope receives, η qfor the detection efficiency of laser detector, E tfor pulsed laser energy, A rfor telescopical capture area, σ is extraterrestrial target scattering cross-section, and T is atmospheric transmittance parameter, T tfor the emission efficiency of generating laser, T rfor telescopical receiving efficiency, α is the atmospheric attenuation factor, θ tfor laser-beam divergence angle, R is target range.Due to n 0characterized the measurement capability of laser distance measuring system, convolution (1) is known, the measurement capability n of laser distance measuring system 0with telescope receiving area A rbe directly proportional, therefore increase telescope receiving area A rcan increase the measurement capability of range measurement system.
According to above-mentioned range laser radar equation, use in theory the telescope parallel receive laser echo signal that N bore is d, can realize separate unit bore and be telescopical equivalent received effect, adopts many small-bore telescope parallel receive return laser beams that is, can realize the telescopical equivalent received ability of separate unit heavy caliber.
2, ingredient
Based on above-mentioned principle, laser distance measuring system of the present invention has adopted many telescopes, and as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, this system specifically comprises following part: one for the generating laser 3 to extraterrestrial target 4 Emission Lasers; Many for receiving the telescope 10,11 of the return laser beam being reflected back from extraterrestrial target 4 ..., 1n; A plurality of and telescope 10,11 ..., the receiving control device 20,21 that 1n connects one to one ..., 2n, to control corresponding telescope 10,11 ..., 1n receives return laser beam, and exports the corresponding data information of described return laser beam; And one be connected to generating laser 3 and each receiving control device 20,21, the main control unit of 2n, it controls generating laser 3 Emission Lasers on the one hand, and controls each receiving control device 20,21,, 2n is so that they estimate to reach corresponding telescope 10,11 at laser echo signal, during 1n, open each telescope to receive return laser beam, on the other hand, it receives each receiving control device 20,21,, the corresponding data information of the described return laser beam of 2n output, and according to the distance of these data message computer memory targets 4.
In the present embodiment, one of them receiving control device 20 integrates with main control unit, and the corresponding telescope 10 of this receiving control device 20 integrates with generating laser 3, as transmitting terminal telescope; All the other telescopes 11,12 ..., 1n is as receiving end telescope.Wherein, this main control unit 20 is by network and all the other receiving control devices 21,22 ..., 2n is connected, to realize each receiving end telescope 11,12 ..., the synchro control of 1n, so that they carry out the laser ranging operation to extraterrestrial target 4 according to sequential separately.Each receiving end telescope 11,12 ..., the received return laser beam of 1n is transmitted through the network to respectively main control unit 20, for the corresponding data of return laser beam is done to further fusion treatment and reduction.
In addition, each receiving control device 20,21 ..., 2n and corresponding telescope 10,11 ..., between 1n, be connected with respectively one apart from gate signal generator 5, to realize telescope 10,11 ..., the range gate signal synchro control of 1n.
3, how telescopical position distribution
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, as shown in Figure 1, each telescope 10,11 ..., 1n should be distributed in the hot spot of return laser light, with parallel receive return laser beam, and has respectively independently tracked ability and laser echo signal reception detectivity.Wherein, for the collaborative space target 4 with corner reflector, the angle of divergence of the corner reflector carrying according to it and extraterrestrial target 4 are to the distance of ground station, the spot diameter that can calculate return laser light be tens meters to kilometer not etc., for example, when extraterrestrial target 4 distances are 2000km, when the reverberator angle of divergence is 10 rads, the spot diameter of return laser light is 100m; For non-collaborative space target 4, due to laser diffuse reflection, the laser facula scope of returning is larger.Preferably, each receiving end telescope 11,12 ..., 1n is distributed in around transmitting terminal telescope 10 between two symmetrically.
4, how telescopical synchronous pointing
In existing separate unit telescope laser distance measuring system, charge-coupled device (CCD) is monitoring laser light beam and extraterrestrial target 4 astrology simultaneously, and both overlap and be adjusted to telescope detector field of view center and can realize return laser beam reception and survey.And in many telescopes range measurement system of the present invention, the astrology and beam-pointing can not monitor simultaneously, for guarantee can parallel receive to laser echo signal, to each telescope 10,11 ..., the pointing accuracy of 1n and tracking accuracy have proposed the requirement of rad class precision.
By following the tracks of the method for fixed star, obtain respectively each telescope 10,11 ..., the laser detector of 1n will point to the reference position of adjusting as extraterrestrial target 4 to the sensitive area of light signal and ，Ci center, center.
For real space target 4, by each telescope 10,11 ..., the sensing of 1n is revised, and can make extraterrestrial target 4 be positioned at the center of their laser detector sensitive area.
For the invisible extraterrestrial target 4 in ground shadow, by adopting known tracking and target in the auxiliary revision method of district's fixed star on the same day mutually, obtain in real time pointing of the telescope error, then this deviation is applied to target following, realize the pointer tracker adjustment to extraterrestrial target 4.
Wherein, each telescope 10,11 ..., the pointing precision of 1n is all less than 1 rad.
5, generating laser
Generating laser 3 in the present embodiment utilizes CCD monitor can obtain extraterrestrial target 4 astrology and laser beam image simultaneously, by adjusting both relative positions, both images are moved to simultaneously to the center of its laser detector sensitive area, so that the accurate pointing space target 4 of laser beam.Wherein, the laser guide precision of generating laser 3 is preferably rad level, to guarantee that laser beam meets extraterrestrial target 4.
6, method of operating
The present invention mainly realizes by following steps: first, by main control unit 20, control each telescope 10,11 ... 1n independently realizes the synchronous pointing to extraterrestrial target 4, and control generating laser 3 after extraterrestrial target 4 is accurately aimed to extraterrestrial target 4 Emission Lasers; By main control unit 20, according to target track, forecast that obtaining respectively laser echo signal estimates to reach each telescope 10,11 again ..., the time of 1n, then applications distances gate simultaneous techniques, realizes each telescope 10,11,, the range gate of 1n is controlled, with parallel receive laser echo signal; After receiving return laser beam, by each receiving end control device 21,22 ..., 2n is corresponding telescope 11,12 ..., the corresponding data communication of the return laser beam that 1n receives is to main control unit 20; Finally, main control unit 20 is processed these data messages and the received return laser beam data fusion reduction of transmitting terminal telescope 10 (to be about to each telescope 10,11, the received return laser beam of 1n is all as the received return laser beam of transmitting terminal telescope 10), to obtain the distance of extraterrestrial target 4.
7, how telescopical range gate synchro control
Range gate control techniques refers to the start-up time of accurately controlling each telescope detector according to the distance of extraterrestrial target, finally realizes the inhibition that ground unrest disturbs, and is the important means of filtering in known extraterrestrial target laser distance measurement method.In range measurement system of the present invention, due to each telescope 10,11,, the position distribution of 1n is different, and laser reflexes to each telescope 10 from generating laser 3 through extraterrestrial target 4,11 ..., the path of 1n, distance also different, thereby cause each telescope 10 in ranging process, 11 ..., the start-up time of the detector of 1n (respective distances gate constantly) is inconsistent, if use same gate-control signal, certainly will receive and produce certain influence return laser beam.
For realizing the synchro control to many telescopes range gate signal, adopted equivalent distances gate value to calculate and event schema range gate control circuit method for designing herein.
As shown in Figure 3, in figure, A represents transmitting terminal telescope to equivalent distances gate value Computing Principle, and B represents a receiving end telescope, and C is the mid point of A, B, and S is extraterrestrial target.L1, L2 and L are respectively extraterrestrial target S to the distance between A, B, C at 3, and D is that A or B point are to the distance of mid point C.According to triangle geometry relation, L 2=(2 * (L1 2+ L2 2)-D 2)/4, D 2=L1 2+ L2 2-2 * L1 * L2 * cos (∠ ASB).Generally ∠ ASB is smaller, and as D is less than 100m and L is greater than 500km, ∠ ASB is less than 40 〞, cos (∠ ASB) ≈ 1, i.e. D 2=L1 2+ L2 2-2 * L1 * L2, has L 2=(L1 2+ L2 2+ 2 * L1 * L2)/4=(L1+L2) 2/ 4, i.e. L=(L1+L2)/2.For D=100m, L=500km, above-mentioned equation error only has 2.5mm, and target range is far away, and error is less.Therefore, laser can be equivalent to the turnaround time to the laser signal of extraterrestrial target S transmitting at mid point C from flight time of transmitting terminal A-extraterrestrial target S-receiving end B.Therefore for the distance gate value of receiving end telescope B, can adopt A, B central point C corresponding apart from gate value.
The distance gate signal generator 5 adopting in the present embodiment is for event schema is apart from gate signal generator, and as shown in Figure 4, it is realized by FPGA, specifically comprises: a serial ports, and it is for being connected to a receiving control device; One baud frequency divider 502, it is connected to transmitting terminal 5011 and the receiving end 5012 of this serial ports; One DCM(digital dock administration module) 503, it is connected to a precision interval clock source; One time standard 504, one input end is connected with DCM503 and baud frequency divider 502, another input end and 1pps(embedded digital formula clock) be connected; One wave filter 505, for carrying out filtering to main ripple; One multiplicative operator 506, its first input end is connected with serial ports receiving end 5011, and the second input end is connected with time reference generator 504, and the 3rd input end is connected with wave filter 505; One FIFO buffer 507, it is connected to this multiplicative operator 506; One gate follower 508, for exporting gate pulse signal, one input end is connected to FIFO buffer 507, and another input end is connected to time reference device 504; And a Laser Igniter 509, for exporting ignition pulse signal, one input end is connected to gate-control signal follower 507, and another input end is connected to 1pps.
Visible, of the present invention what apart from gate signal generator, use is 200MHz clock, has the Coordinated Universal Time(UTC) with UTC() lock in time system, can constantly export apart from gate pulse signal according to given UTC.At this, each receiving control device 20,21 ... 2n is all used UTC for temporal frequency benchmark, keep the time synchronized between each system, then basis target forecast data separately, control corresponding distance gate signal generator and produce accordingly apart from gate-control signal, thereby control each telescope 10,11 ..., 1n receives laser signal in the corresponding time.Wherein, range gate control accuracy is nanosecond, to realize the accurate control of photon detector, guarantees effective reception of laser signal.
8, many telescopes are carried out the principle of return laser beam Data Fusion
In the present invention, a plurality of telescopes are connect to 10,11 ..., when the return laser beam data that 1n receives are carried out Data Fusion, need each telescope 10,11 of deduction ..., the delay volume of 1n and the range deviation amount being caused by relative position difference.For delay volume, by measuring known fixed, apart from land-based target target mode, to deduct, this is the Time Delay of Systems scaling method extensively adopting in laser ranging.For relative position range deviation amount, can adopt equivalent range gate value calculating method in Fig. 3,, laser is from transmitting terminal telescope 10 to receiving end telescope 11,12, or the flight time of 1n can be equivalent to laser from their central point to turnaround time of extraterrestrial target 4, target range predicted value is also with respect to center point coordinate, like this after deduction Time Delay of Systems amount, the residual distance error obtaining (span is poor from predicted value and actual measured value) is basic identical with separate unit telescope range measurement system, is convenient to the fusion of how telescopical return laser beam data.Compare with separate unit telescope range measurement system, after the return laser beam data fusion of many telescopic systems, will make return laser beam signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) increase, and then promote the laser measurement ability to extraterrestrial target 4.
For how telescopical Data Fusion, can adopt method as shown in Figure 5, in figure, suppose each receiving end telescope 11, 12, the phase center of 1n is all installed about the phase center symmetry of transmitting terminal telescope 10, the mid point of reduction point 1(transmitting terminal telescope 10 and receiving end telescope 11) measurement data and the mid point of reduction point 3(transmitting terminal telescope 10 and receiving end telescope 13) measurement data can form the measurement data based on transmitting terminal telescope 10 phase centers again, the mid point of same reduction point 2(transmitting terminal telescope 10 and receiving end telescope 12) with reduction point 4(transmitting terminal telescope 10 and the mid point of hoping receiving end mirror 14 far away) with respect to transmitting terminal telescope 10 symmetries, by by each receiving end telescope 11, 12, 1n is distributed in around transmitting terminal telescope 10 between two symmetrically, can realize the fusion reduction of laser measurement data processes, with the return laser beam data reduction that all telescopes are received, arrive transmitting terminal telescope 10, according to the return laser beam data after reduction, get final product the distance of Obtaining Accurate extraterrestrial target 4.
8, example
Shanghai Observatory is positioned at the 60cm bore transmitting terminal telescope in She Shan observation base and 1.56m bore receiving end telescope at a distance of about 60m, can be used for the return laser light of the most of satellites of parallel receive, is to implement ideal test platform of the present invention.60cm transmitting terminal telescope is to extraterrestrial target Emission Lasers, the laser echo signal simultaneously returning with 1.56m receiving end telescope parallel receive, then two telescopical measurement data are carried out to fusion treatment, to verify the measurement effect of many telescopes measuring system implementation space target laser ranging.
Fig. 6 A is for only being used the residual distance error figure of 60cm transmitting terminal telescope to the laser measurement of Ajisai satellite, Fig. 6 B is for to be used 60cm transmitting terminal telescope and the residual distance error figure of 1.56m receiving end telescope to the laser measurement of Ajisai satellite simultaneously, and measuring accuracy (being RMS) is respectively 2.84cm and 2.92cm.Visible, the measuring accuracy of two kinds of situations is suitable, has verified the reasonable of data reduction disposal route in the present invention.For how telescopical measuring system, need only repeatedly the fusion treatment that adopting said method can be realized a plurality of telescope data.
Fig. 6 C is for counting Statistical Comparison figure (statistical time range length is 5 seconds) with the received return laser beam of separate unit telescope in the period and two telescopes.From return laser beam number statistics, can find out, with respect to separate unit 60cm telescope, the return laser beam number that two telescopes receive has improved nearly one times.If adopt more telescopes to receive laser echo signal, can further effectively increase total echo data amount, realize the telescopical equivalent received effect of separate unit heavy caliber.
The single transmit system that the present invention adopts is to extraterrestrial target Emission Lasers, apply the telescope that many diverse locations distribute, to same the accurate pointing of target, apart from gate synchro control and Data Fusion etc., when realizing many telescopes to laser signal, receive, increase unit interval inner laser number of echoes, realize the equivalent laser measurement ability of separate unit heavy caliber telescope to extraterrestrial target.The method has broken through separate unit telescope Receiver aperture restriction, has promoted extraterrestrial target laser measurement ability, in the fields such as the long distance laser range finding of weak laser echoed signal, diffuse reflection laser ranging, will have applications well effect.Meanwhile, many telescopic systems have the advantages such as robustness is good, system is flexible, extendability is strong, can, according to different target detection mission (ability), adjust telescopical quantity in good time.Application the method, at a distance of many telescopes of several hundred kilometers, how much intersections location that also can implementation space target.
Above-described, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit scope of the present invention, the above embodiment of the present invention can also make a variety of changes.Be that simple, the equivalence that every claims according to the present patent application and description are done changes and modify, all fall into the claim protection domain of patent of the present invention.The present invention not detailed description be routine techniques content.

Claims (8)

1. the laser distance measuring system of telescope more than, the distance for measurement space target, is characterized in that, this system comprises:
One generating laser, for to described extraterrestrial target Emission Lasers;
Many telescopes, for receiving the return laser beam being reflected back from described extraterrestrial target;
The receiving control device that a plurality of and described telescope connects one to one, receives described return laser beam for controlling corresponding described telescope, and exports the corresponding data information of described return laser beam; And
One main control unit, it controls described generating laser Emission Lasers on the one hand, and controls receiving control device described in each and receive described return laser beam so that they control corresponding telescope; On the other hand, it receives the corresponding data information of the described return laser beam of described receiving control device output, and according to described data message, calculates the distance of described extraterrestrial target.
2. many telescopes laser distance measuring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in one of them, receiving control device is integrated in described main control unit, and described in all the other, receiving control device is connected with described main control unit.
3. many telescopes laser distance measuring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in each, between receiving control device and corresponding described telescope, is connected with one apart from gate signal generator.
4. many telescopes laser distance measuring system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described control accuracy apart from gate signal generator is nanosecond.
5. according to the many telescopes laser distance measuring system described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described telescopical pointing precision is less than 1 rad.
6. according to the many telescopes laser distance measuring system described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, the pointing accuracy of described generating laser is rad level.
7. a method of utilizing the many telescopes laser distance measuring system described in claim 1 to find range, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, controls described generating laser to described extraterrestrial target Emission Lasers by described main control unit;
Step 2, controls each receiving control device by described main control unit, so that they control respectively corresponding telescope, receives return laser beam;
Step 3, after receiving described return laser beam, the corresponding data communication of the described return laser beam corresponding described telescope being received by receiving control device described in each is to described main control unit;
Step 4, described main control unit calculates the distance of described extraterrestrial target according to described data message.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described step 2 comprises:
Step 21, calculates described return laser beam by described main control unit and estimates arrive each telescopical time and export this time to corresponding described receiving control device;
Step 22, controls respectively each telescope by described receiving control device and receives described return laser beam in the described time of correspondence.
CN201310548642.0A 2013-11-06 2013-11-06 Multi-telescope laser ranging system and method Pending CN103529454A (en)

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