CN103526737A - Method for adopting N10 to test compaction degree of deep-layer backfilled soil - Google Patents
Method for adopting N10 to test compaction degree of deep-layer backfilled soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103526737A CN103526737A CN201310524217.8A CN201310524217A CN103526737A CN 103526737 A CN103526737 A CN 103526737A CN 201310524217 A CN201310524217 A CN 201310524217A CN 103526737 A CN103526737 A CN 103526737A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for adopting N10 to test the compaction degree of deep-layer backfilled soil and belongs to the technical field of testing of the compaction degree of the deep-layer backfilled soil. The method sequentially comprises the steps of testing the maximum dry density of mucky clay, clay, silty clay and silt in a soil engineering test room, performing an N10 penetration test on the mucky clay, the clay, the silty clay and the silt which respectively have the depth of 2-5m, manually sampling the soil and testing the compaction degree K, organizing and concluding K values of all of point positions and data of blow counts corresponding to the K values and drawing a graph of N10 and compaction degree K relation; judging the soil property of the backfilled soil to be subjected to compaction degree testing and then performing a light circular cone penetration test to obtain the blow counts N10, looking up a compaction degree value corresponding to a recorded blow count value in the graph of N10 and compaction degree K relation corresponding to the soil property, namely the compaction degree of the backfilled soil at the depth. The method for adopting N10 to test the compaction degree of the deep-layer backfilled soil has the advantages that the method is simple in construction, low in price, clean and environment-friendly, and the fund is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of employing N
10the method of test deep layer backfill compaction degree, belongs to backfill compaction degree technical field of measurement and test.
Background technology
In recent years, national economy develop rapidly, simultaneously under the aim that people-oriented, the pipe engineering such as constantly improve municipal water delivery, oil transportation, supply gas.Pipeline installation adopts the steps such as ditching, pipe laying, backfill and compacting conventionally, and the degree of compaction of backfill is most important to the protection of pipeline, and the degree of compaction that how to detect backfill becomes urgent problem.
The degree of compaction that detects at present the soil body has two kinds of methods, and a kind of method is that top layer degree of compaction detects, and this method can only detect the soil compaction degree within the scope of the 30cm of soil body top layer, can not detect the deep layer soil body.Another kind method is Nucleus Density Apparatus method, the method is to utilize isotope radiation principle to detect the degree of compaction of the soil body, although this method can detect the deep layer soil body, but this appliance requires has the personnel of very high professional knowledge could be used, while using this instrument, can produce radioactive ray simultaneously, operating personnel's health and environment are had to larger harm, if improper use even causes nuclear leakage dangerous.Owing to detecting, harm is larger, in engineering, only at indivedual location points, detects.
N
10for light-duty circular cone dynamic sounding (quality of dropping hammer the is 10kg) index of regulation in " Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering ", this index is the hammering number of every injection 30cm thick soil stratum.This light-duty circular cone dynamic sounding device is widely used in geotechnical engineering field, and the scope of application is extremely underground 10m scope of earth's surface, is usually used in distinguishing at present soil layer type and estimation bearing capacity of foundation soil in engineering.And the bearing capacity of ground is relevant with the degree of compaction of soil property and the soil body, so N is counted in hammering
10degree of compaction with soil property and the soil body
kclose relation.This makes to adopt N
10measure deep layer backfill compaction degree and become possibility.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of employing N
10the method of test deep layer backfill compaction degree, it is simple that the method has construction, the advantage of certainty of measurement height and energy-conserving and environment-protective.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposals, a kind of employing N
10the method of test deep layer backfill compaction degree, described deep layer backfill refers to that the back fill course degree of depth is 2-5m; The soil property of backfill comprises: silt, refer to that the quality that particle diameter is greater than the particle of 0.075mm is no more than 50% of gross mass, and index of plasticity is equal to or less than 10 soil property; Cohesive soil, refers to that the quality that particle diameter is greater than the particle of 0.075mm is no more than 50% of gross mass, and the index of plasticity soil property that is greater than 10, wherein, index of plasticity is greater than to 10, and be less than or equal to 17 cohesive soil, is called silty clay; Index of plasticity is greater than to 17 cohesive soil and calls clay; Silt clay, refer to hydrostatic or slowly in flowing water environment deposition and through biological chemistry action, form, its natural moisture content is greater than liquid limit, natural air space ratio is more than or equal to 1.5 viscosity soil property, it is characterized in that comprising following process:
1. soil mechanics laboratory tests respectively and draws the N of silt clay, clay, silty clay and four kinds of soil properties of silt
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation:
1) by " maximum dry density of Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering 》， soil mechanics laboratory test silt clay, clay, silty clay and four kinds of soil properties of silt
, and be designated as respectively: A
, B
, C
and D
;
2) by " Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering ", the silt clay layer that is 2-5m to the degree of depth, argillic horizon, farinose argillic horizon and four kinds of soil layers of powder soil horizon carry out N
10feeler inspection its degree of compaction of sample testing that manually fetches earth
k:
(1) same soil layer is pressed to its plane diverse location and different depth set point position, point position number is The more the better, each some position is first drilled into the determined degree of depth with Portable drill jig, then take out drilling tool, in boring, vertically the circular cone probe of light-duty circular cone power tentaculum is put into feeler lever, to feeler lever hammering in addition, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from drilling rod termination 50cm, hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, after throwing circular cone probe into the 30cm degree of depth by hammering condition like this, stop hammering, and the hammering number that impacts of record, afterwards, extract feeler lever and circular cone probe, adopt soil sample that artificial soil sampler takes out lower end in native hole as sample, in soil mechanics laboratory, press " Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering ", test obtains the dry density of this sample
, so repeat the process of the boring-hammering-dry density of materialsing-test, obtain and obtain the dry density of the soil sample of this kind of all each the set point positions of soil layer
and circular cone probe is hit into 30cm degree of depth hammering number used,
(2) according to formula 1, determine the degree of compaction of each some position soil sample
k:
In formula:
for step 2) the soil sample dry density that records;
Calculate the degree of compaction of soil sample of position a little
k 1,
k 2-------
k n;
3) to a little position
kafter value answers hammering logarithmic data to be arranged, conclude in contrast, in plane coordinate system, the degree of compaction K value of take is abscissa, with hammering, counts N
10for ordinate is drawn a kind of hammering number-degree of compaction of soil property
kvalue graph of relation, this graph of relation is N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
4) repeating step 2), 3) obtain respectively the N of other three kinds of soil properties
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation; And then obtain four kinds of N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation: the i.e. N of silt clay
10with degree of compaction
kthe N of graph of relation, clay
10with degree of compaction
kthe N of graph of relation, silty clay
10with degree of compaction
kthe N of graph of relation and silt
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
2. four kinds of N that test and draw according to step 1
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation is tested deep layer backfill compaction degree:
1) according to the data of backfill or to the soil property of backfill, detect the soil property kind of determining backfill, and then determine a certain N of employing
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
2) on-the-spot backfill is carried out to degree of compaction test:
First to determine the degree of compaction that detects a certain depth of backfill, in a position, first with Portable drill jig, be drilled into the determined degree of depth afterwards, then take out drilling tool, in boring, vertically the circular cone probe of light-duty circular cone power tentaculum is put into feeler lever, to feeler lever hammering in addition, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from feeler lever termination 50cm, hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, after throwing circular cone probe into the 30cm degree of depth by hammering condition like this, stop hammering, and record the hammering number impacting, afterwards, adopt step 1) to determine N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation finds out the corresponding degree of compaction numerical value of hammering numerical value of record in this curve map, and this degree of compaction numerical value is exactly the degree of compaction under this degree of depth of this backfill;
3) state on the implementation step 2) process in, as circular cone probe N in process 30cm
10hammering number is greater than at N
10with degree of compaction
kwhen shown in graph of relation, hammering is counted, the degree of compaction of backfill under this bit depth now
kbe 1.0; When the degree of compaction measuring a certain depth, hammering is being carried out, and circular cone is popped one's head in while no longer including process, now the degree of compaction of backfill under this bit depth
kalso be 1.0.
The invention has the advantages that a kind of employing N is provided
10test the method for deep layer backfill compaction degree, can measure the backfill compaction degree of any degree of depth within the scope of 5m.The equipment adopting is light-duty circular cone dynamic sounding device conventional in engineering, cheap and construction is simple, and only need record hammering counts N
10just can find out corresponding soil compaction degree, can replace the use of Nucleus Density Apparatus.The method is simple to operate, can detect in many places, strengthens monitored density.Compare with Nucleus Density Apparatus, can not greatly reduce the input of people's force-summing device to environment, saved to a great extent fund.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is silt clay N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
Fig. 2 is clay N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
Fig. 3 is silty clay N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
Fig. 4 is silt N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the light-duty circular cone dynamic sounding device (" Code for design of building ") that adopts of the present invention.In figure: 1 is the 10kg punching hammer of light-duty circular cone dynamic sounding device, and 2 is pallet, and 3 is feeler lever, 4 is circular cone probe.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is with N
10to silt clay back fill course degree of compaction test schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is that the present invention is with N
10to clay backfilling soil layer degree of compaction test schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is that the present invention is with N
10to silty clay back fill course degree of compaction test schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is that the present invention is with N
10to silt back fill course degree of compaction test schematic diagram.
In Fig. 6-Fig. 9: the backfill degree of depth that h is degree of compaction to be measured.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment mono-
Below in conjunction with 6 pairs of the specific embodiment of the present invention of accompanying drawing, elaborate.Accompanying drawing 6 is certain backfill compaction degree testing process schematic diagram of laying drainage system in Tianjin City.As shown in drawings, need to monitor the backfill compaction degree that degree of depth h is 3.2m place
k.
First at the scene choose soil sample, judgement backfill soil property is silt clay, and the index of plasticity of silt clay is 18, it is five parts of soil samples of 14%, 16%, 18%, 20% and 22% that soil sample is mixed with to water content, every part of 2-5kg, is divided into even 3 parts by every part of soil sample, pours into successively and in compaction cylinder, hits reality; Then claim the gross mass of cylinder with sample, and calculate the wet density of sample
, calculate according to the following formula the sample dry density of different water cut;
, in formula
for the moisture content of certain part of sample, the % of unit, measures respectively the dry density of five parts of soil samples, draws the relation curve of dry density and moisture content, determines peak of curve position, and the dry density of correspondence is maximum dry density
for 1950kg/m
3.
Then diverse location and different depth set point position at the scene, has got 18 some positions, and wherein 3 points have been got in 1m depths, and 1.5m has got depths 3 points, and 2.5m has got at place 4 points, and 3.5m has got depths 4 points, and 4m has got at place 4 points.Each some position is first drilled into the determined degree of depth with Portable drill jig, then vertically circular cone probe is put into and holed to drilling rod in addition with hammering with drilling rod, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from drilling rod termination 50cm, hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, by hammering condition like this, throw circular cone probe into 30cm degree of depth soil layer, and the hammering number that impacts of record, afterwards, extract drilling rod and circular cone probe, adopt soil sample that artificial soil sampler takes out lower end in native hole as sample, in soil mechanics laboratory's test, obtain the dry density of this sample
, so repeat the process of the boring-hammering-dry density of materialsing-test, obtain and obtain the dry density of the soil sample of all each the set point positions of back fill course
and circular cone probe is hit into 30cm degree of depth hammering number used, according to following formula, determine the degree of compaction K of each some position soil sample:
, in formula:
for the soil sample dry density recording.The dry density of survey mark position, degree of compaction and hammering used are counted result and are listed table 1 in:
Table 1
Follow by calculating a little degree of compaction K of the soil sample of position
1, K
2-------K
narranged, sort out with corresponding hammering logarithmic data, in plane coordinate system, the degree of compaction K value of take is abscissa, and the hammering number of take is drawn hammering number-degree of compaction K value graph of relation of silt clay as ordinate, and this graph of relation is N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation.
Finally at engineering site, choose 4 some positions, boring is to degree of depth 3.2m to be measured place respectively, light-duty circular cone feeler inspection device is put into boring, start hammering, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, and punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from drilling rod termination 50cm, and hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, when injection 30cm, stop, recording hammering and count N
10.The hammering number of adding up four some positions is respectively 13,10,11,10, and its average is 11, looks into Fig. 1 silt clay N
10with degree of compaction
krelation curve, known backfill degree of depth h is the degree of compaction at 3.2m place
kbe 0.889.
Embodiment bis-
Below in conjunction with 7 pairs of the specific embodiment of the present invention of accompanying drawing, elaborate.Accompanying drawing 7 is in Tianjin City, to lay the backfill compaction degree testing process schematic diagram of drainage system construction section.As shown in drawings, need to monitor the backfill compaction degree that degree of depth h is 2.3m place
k.First at the scene choose soil sample, judgement backfill soil property is clay, at engineering site, choose 5 some positions, boring, to degree of depth 2.3m to be measured place, is put into boring by light-duty circular cone feeler inspection device respectively, start hammering, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, and punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from drilling rod termination 50cm, and hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, when injection 30cm, stop, recording hammering and count N
10.The hammering number of adding up 5 some positions is respectively 28,25,26,24,27, and its average is 26, finally looks into Fig. 2 clay N
10with degree of compaction
krelation curve, known backfill degree of depth h is the degree of compaction at 2.3m place
kbe 0.949.
Embodiment tri-
Below in conjunction with 8 pairs of the specific embodiment of the present invention of accompanying drawing, elaborate.Accompanying drawing 8 is in Tianjin City, to lay the backfill compaction degree testing process schematic diagram of drainage system construction section.As shown in drawings, need to monitor the backfill compaction degree that degree of depth h is 4.5m place
k.First at the scene choose soil sample, judgement backfill soil property is clay, at engineering site, choose 4 some positions, boring, to degree of depth 4.5m to be measured place, is put into boring by light-duty circular cone feeler inspection device respectively, start hammering, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, and punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from drilling rod termination 50cm, and hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, when injection 30cm, stop, recording hammering and count N
10.The hammering number of adding up 4 some positions is respectively 21,19,20,20, and its average is 20, finally looks into Fig. 3 silty clay N
10with degree of compaction
krelation curve, known backfill degree of depth h is the degree of compaction at 4.5m place
kbe 0.910.
Embodiment tetra-
Below in conjunction with 9 pairs of the specific embodiment of the present invention of accompanying drawing, elaborate.Accompanying drawing 9 is in Tianjin City, to lay the backfill compaction degree testing process schematic diagram of drainage system construction section.As shown in drawings, need to monitor the backfill compaction degree that degree of depth h is 2.8m place
k.First at the scene choose soil sample, judgement backfill soil property is clay, at engineering site, choose 5 some positions, boring, to degree of depth 2.8m to be measured place, is put into boring by light-duty circular cone feeler inspection device respectively, start hammering, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, and punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from drilling rod termination 50cm, and hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, when injection 30cm, stop, recording hammering and count N
10.The hammering number of adding up 5 some positions is respectively 14,16,14,13,13, and its average is 14, finally looks into Fig. 4 silt N
10with degree of compaction
krelation curve, known backfill degree of depth h is the degree of compaction at 2.8m place
kbe 0.826.
Claims (1)
1. one kind adopts N
10the method of test deep layer backfill compaction degree, described deep layer backfill refers to that the back fill course degree of depth is 2-5m; The soil property of backfill comprises: silt, refer to that the quality that particle diameter is greater than the particle of 0.075mm is no more than 50% of gross mass, and index of plasticity is equal to or less than 10 soil property; Cohesive soil, refers to that the quality that particle diameter is greater than the particle of 0.075mm is no more than 50% of gross mass, and the index of plasticity soil property that is greater than 10, wherein, index of plasticity is greater than to 10, and be less than or equal to 17 cohesive soil, is called silty clay; Index of plasticity is greater than to 17 cohesive soil and calls clay; Silt clay, refer to hydrostatic or slowly in flowing water environment deposition and through biological chemistry action, form, its natural moisture content is greater than liquid limit, natural air space ratio is more than or equal to 1.5 viscosity soil property, it is characterized in that comprising following process:
1) in soil mechanics laboratory, test respectively and draw the N of silt clay, clay, silty clay and four kinds of soil properties of silt
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation:
(1) by " maximum dry density of Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering 》， soil mechanics laboratory test silt clay, clay, silty clay and four kinds of soil properties of silt
, and be designated as respectively: A
, B
, C
and D
;
(2) by " Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering ", the silt clay layer that is 2-5m to the degree of depth, argillic horizon, farinose argillic horizon and four kinds of soil layers of powder soil horizon carry out N
10feeler inspection its degree of compaction of sample testing that manually fetches earth
k:
1. same soil layer is pressed to its plane diverse location and different depth set point position, point position number is The more the better, each some position is first drilled into the determined degree of depth with Portable drill jig, then take out drilling tool, in boring, vertically the circular cone probe of light-duty circular cone power tentaculum is put into feeler lever, to feeler lever hammering in addition, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from drilling rod termination 50cm, hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, after throwing circular cone probe into the 30cm degree of depth by hammering condition like this, stop hammering, and the hammering number that impacts of record, afterwards, extract feeler lever and circular cone probe, adopt soil sample that artificial soil sampler takes out lower end in native hole as sample, in soil mechanics laboratory, press " Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering ", test obtains the dry density of this sample
, so repeat the process of the boring-hammering-dry density of materialsing-test, obtain and obtain the dry density of the soil sample of this kind of all each the set point positions of soil layer
and circular cone probe is hit into 30cm degree of depth hammering number used,
2. according to formula 1, determine the degree of compaction of each some position soil sample
k:
In formula:
for step 2) the soil sample dry density that records;
Calculate the degree of compaction of soil sample of position a little
k 1,
k 2-------
k n;
(3) to a little position
kafter value answers hammering logarithmic data to be arranged, conclude in contrast, in plane coordinate system, the degree of compaction K value of take is abscissa, with hammering, counts N
10for ordinate is drawn a kind of hammering number-degree of compaction of soil property
kvalue graph of relation, this graph of relation is N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
(4) repeating step (2), (3) obtain respectively the N of other three kinds of soil properties
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation; And then obtain four kinds of N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation: the i.e. N of silt clay
10with degree of compaction
kthe N of graph of relation, clay
10with degree of compaction
kthe N of graph of relation, silty clay
10with degree of compaction
kthe N of graph of relation and silt
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
2) four kinds of N that test and draw according to step 1)
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation is tested deep layer backfill compaction degree:
(1) according to the data of backfill or to the soil property of backfill, detect the soil property kind of determining backfill, and then determine a certain N of employing
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation;
(2) on-the-spot backfill is carried out to degree of compaction test:
First to determine the degree of compaction that detects a certain depth of backfill, in a position, first with Portable drill jig, be drilled into the determined degree of depth afterwards, then take out drilling tool, in boring, vertically the circular cone probe of light-duty circular cone power tentaculum is put into feeler lever, to feeler lever hammering in addition, hammering condition is: the punching hammer quality of employing is 10kg, punching hammer hoisting depth is apart from feeler lever termination 50cm, hammering frequency is 15～30 hit/min, after throwing circular cone probe into the 30cm degree of depth by hammering condition like this, stop hammering, and record the hammering number impacting, afterwards, adopt step (1) to determine N
10with degree of compaction
kgraph of relation finds out the corresponding degree of compaction numerical value of hammering numerical value of record in this curve map, and this degree of compaction numerical value is exactly the degree of compaction under this degree of depth of this backfill;
(3) state on the implementation in the process of step (2), as circular cone probe N in process 30cm
10hammering number is greater than at N
10with degree of compaction
kwhen shown in graph of relation, hammering is counted, the degree of compaction of backfill under this bit depth now
kbe 1.0; When the degree of compaction measuring a certain depth, hammering is being carried out, and circular cone is popped one's head in while no longer including process, now the degree of compaction of backfill under this bit depth
kalso be 1.0.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105220670A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-06 | 长安大学 | A kind of Subgrade Compaction detection method |
| CN106988323A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-07-28 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of construction method of silty clay degree of being backfilling and compacted control |
| CN107190721A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-22 | 福建省永正工程质量检测有限公司 | A kind of dynamic sounding method for replacing sand replacement method to detect compactness with foundation bearing capacity |
| CN109283076A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-29 | 天津大学 | Method based on dynamic sounding index calibration system evaluation calcium soil relative compaction |
| CN110130301A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-16 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of determining rammer/compacting filling soil layer characteristic load bearing capacity |
| CN114960591A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-30 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Method for rapidly detecting compacted density of filled soil |
-
2013
- 2013-10-29 CN CN201310524217.8A patent/CN103526737A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105220670A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-06 | 长安大学 | A kind of Subgrade Compaction detection method |
| CN106988323A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-07-28 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of construction method of silty clay degree of being backfilling and compacted control |
| CN106988323B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2019-03-22 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of construction method of silty clay degree of being backfilling and compacted control |
| CN107190721A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-22 | 福建省永正工程质量检测有限公司 | A kind of dynamic sounding method for replacing sand replacement method to detect compactness with foundation bearing capacity |
| CN109283076A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-29 | 天津大学 | Method based on dynamic sounding index calibration system evaluation calcium soil relative compaction |
| CN109283076B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-12-15 | 天津大学 | Method for evaluating relative compactness of calcareous soil based on dynamic penetration index calibration system |
| CN110130301A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-16 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of determining rammer/compacting filling soil layer characteristic load bearing capacity |
| CN114960591A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-30 | 中交一公局集团有限公司 | Method for rapidly detecting compacted density of filled soil |
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Application publication date: 20140122 |