CN103525387A - Foam cement slurry system and composition - Google Patents
Foam cement slurry system and composition Download PDFInfo
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- CN103525387A CN103525387A CN201310455117.4A CN201310455117A CN103525387A CN 103525387 A CN103525387 A CN 103525387A CN 201310455117 A CN201310455117 A CN 201310455117A CN 103525387 A CN103525387 A CN 103525387A
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
- C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
- C09K8/473—Density reducing additives, e.g. for obtaining foamed cement compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
- C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
- C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
- C09K8/487—Fluid loss control additives; Additives for reducing or preventing circulation loss
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/20—Retarders
- C04B2103/22—Set retarders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/40—Surface-active agents, dispersants
- C04B2103/408—Dispersants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/42—Pore formers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/46—Water-loss or fluid-loss reducers, hygroscopic or hydrophilic agents, water retention agents
- C04B2103/465—Water-sorbing agents, hygroscopic or hydrophilic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/48—Foam stabilisers
Abstract
The invention provides a novel chemical nitrogen-charge foam cement slurry, mainly solves the problems that the density is high and the stability is poor in a conventional chemical nitrogen-charge foam cement slurry, and is applicable to the field of oil and gas well cementing. The novel chemical nitrogen-charge foam cement slurry system comprises the components in parts by weight as follows: 100 parts of oil well cement, 0.5-2.0 parts of a foaming agent I, 0.5-2.0 parts of a foaming agent II, 0.7-2.5 parts of a foam stabilizing agent, 1.0-10 parts of a fluid loss agent, 1.0-1.5 parts of powder, 0.3-1.0 part of a retarder, 1.0-4.0 parts of an early strength agent and 48-70 parts of water. The density of the chemical nitrogen-charge foam cement slurry can be adjusted in a range of 0.80-1.50 g/cm <3>, the slurry is applicable to oil and gas well cementing operations in a range of 10-95 GEG C and has the advantages of simple site operation and foam cement cost reduction, the problems of low pressure leakiness and formation cementing leakage can be effectively solved, pollution of the cement slurry to an oil and gas production layer is reduced, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemistry and fill nitrogen Cementing Technology of Foamed Cement, relate in particular to a kind of new chemical and fill nitrogen foamed cement slurry system and composition thereof.Specifically, thus the present invention directly produces the stable foamed low density grout of nitrogen processability in grout by chemical method.
Background technology
Foam slurry is by be filled with gas in grout, with tensio-active agent or polymer substance etc., improve froth stability, thereby prepare stable, uniform low density three-phase viscous fluid, there is density low, low permeability, low dehydration, low heat conductivity, compressibility, unique rheological property, suitable thixotropy and intensity high, can effectively solve low pressure and easy leaking stratum, fracture formation, the well cementation leakage problem of high permeability formation and Karst Cave Formation, and solution deep water top layer section well cementation channelling problem, improve thermal recovery well, the cement mantle packing integrity of hydraulically fractured wells, its use range is more and more extensive.
From 1979, for the first time since the on-the-spot Cementing application of foamed cement, Cementing Technology of Foamed Cement application was more and more extensive.Last century the eighties, by having improved frothing machine, and strict option table surface-active agent is as suds-stabilizing agent, and gas is stably scattered in whole system with even bubble form disconnected from each other, produces the foam slurry of excellent property.1987～1988 years, domesticly in Huoshaoshan oil field, Xinjiang, carried out 4 vocal imitation skill casing cementings and the test of 12 mouthfuls of sand string foam cementings, solved the low pressure and easy leaking hydrocarbon zone oil gas well cementing operation difficult problem that especially reservoir pressure coefficient is less than 1.0 effectively.Through years of researches and application, foamed cement technology development and perfect, in the well cementation of low pressure and easy leaking stratum, the well cementation of fractured leakage stratum and the well cementation of deep water anti-channeling, application is very extensive.In situ preparation foamed cement mainly contains two kinds of methods: a kind of is mechanical aeration method, and another kind is chemical aeration method.Mechanical aeration method required equipment is more, complex process, and needs well-designed and computer controlled automatic, and field conduct difficulty is larger, and expense is higher.And chemical aeration rule does not need various equipment and complicated technical process, the foaming agent that can produce nitrogen directly can be added in oil well cement material or water, there is advantage simple to operate and with low cost, be the development trend of foamed cement technology of preparing.
The material that produces nitrogen by chemical reaction is more, as Sodium Nitrite reacts and can produce nitrogen with ammonium chloride, this reaction is when producing nitrogen, also be accompanied by larger heat and emit, aspect Self-heating fracturing liquid, the thermochemistry displacement of reservoir oil, well wellbore wax removal, oil-well strata de-plugging and uphole equipment cleaning, be all widely used.But, Sodium Nitrite can only could occur with reacting of ammonium chloride under acidity or higher temperature conditions, and chemical preparation of filling nitrogen foam slurry is under lower envrionment temperature or room temperature condition, and grout is alkaline medium environment, these 2 are all unfavorable for that Sodium Nitrite reacts with ammonium chloride.In the preparation process of macromolecular material porous plastics, also to use foaming agent material, as Cellmic C 121, Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, dinitrosopentamethylene tetramine, 4, 4`-OBSH, p-toluene sulfonyl hydrazide, 5-phenyltetrazole and trihydrazinotriazine etc., but these materials all must be under heating condition, when reaching its decomposition temperature, temperature just decomposes generation nitrogen, be not suitable for preparation that chemistry fills nitrogen foam slurry and be compared with the condition of low ambient temperature or room temperature, these materials are mainly azo materials simultaneously, its cost is high, and there is toxicity and the potential safety hazard such as inflammable and explosive, cannot meet the economy of on-the-spot Cementing application, safety requirements.Article " is applicable to the ultralow density foam grout of long celebrating reinforcing oil well ", and (" Drilling and completion fluids " the 14th volume the 4th phase 27-28 page in 1997) carried out chemical aeration legal system for foam slurry technical study, develop chemical gas generation agent FCA and FCB, in grout, there is chemical reaction and produce nitrogen in FCA and FCB, add suds-stabilizing agent FCF trap gas simultaneously, thereby form mutual disconnected foam slurry, the formula of its foamed cement slurry system is: G level oil well cement+40% floats pearl+88% water+2.5%FCA+1%FCB+4%FCF, can make grout be reduced to 0.86g/cm in the density on ground
3.This chemistry fills nitrogen, and prepare foam slurry technology be first to utilize to float pearl lightening material cement slurry density is down to certain limit, and the method for then utilizing chemistry to fill nitrogen is further down to 1.0g/cm by cement slurry density
3below.If can improve the unit mass nitrogen gas generation rate of foaming agent, work out a kind of efficient foaming agent, can in grout, be filled with more nitrogen, cement slurry density is down to lower, by in grout by directly adding chemical gas generation agent, just can be by conventional cement slurry density from 1.90g/cm
3be reduced to 1.0g/cm
3below, so not only can reduce and float pearl consumption, and can significantly reduce the cost of foam slurry, also avoid on the other hand adopting mechanical aeration to prepare the expensive of foam slurry, there is advantage easy to use and with low cost.
Foam system is when generating, and the system total area increases, and the energy of system is corresponding rising also, belongs to thermodynamic unstable system, can spontaneously to the direction that energy reduces, the total area reduces, carry out, and foam occurs to vanish.For preparing stable foamed cement slurry system, often need in grout, add suds-stabilizing agent.Suds-stabilizing agent is mostly some tensio-active agents or surfactant.Tensio-active agent refers to the amphiphile, amphiphilic molecule that simultaneously contains polarity hydrophilic radical, nonpolar hydrophobic grouping in molecule, can form and align in solution surface (being generally water), thereby significantly reduce the surface tension (or interfacial tension) of solvent, and change physical strength and the viscosity of foam film, improve the stability of foam slurry.According to the ionization character of water phase surfactant mixture, tensio-active agent can be divided into negatively charged ion, positively charged ion, nonionic, the large class of zwitter-ion four.At present, the suds-stabilizing agent of foam slurry is mainly sulfonate anionic surfactant type, and it has the performances such as salt tolerant, high temperature resistance, wherein the most frequently used, cost is minimum, what be easy to get most is alkyl benzene sulfonate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate particularly.But easily steady bubble is difficult for alkyl sodium sulfonate foaming, and froth stability is poor, thereby cannot prepare the foam slurry of less dense, and the deficiency such as the foam water mudstone of preparation has that pore texture size is uneven, perviousness is high and ultimate compression strength is low.In addition, the biological degradability of alkyl sodium sulfonate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate class suds-stabilizing agent is poor, can cause severe contamination to environment.In recent years, people pay attention to biological effect, toxicological effect and the security of tensio-active agent more, and the research of environment amenable suds-stabilizing agent is more and more favored with application.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to fill in order to overcome existing chemistry the above-mentioned shortcoming and defect that nitrogen foamed cement technology exists, provide a kind of novel chemistry to fill nitrogen foam slurry, in this grout by mixing efficient chemical gas generation agent, suds-stabilizing agent and other well cementation admixture, as dispersion agent, water retaining, hardening accelerator and retardant etc., can prepare density is 0.80g/cm
3～1.50g/cm
3foamed cement slurry system, Applicable temperature scope is 10 ℃～95 ℃.The good fluidity of this novel foam mortar architecture, API fluid loss is little, under low temperature, can add hardening accelerator to shorten cement slurry thickening time, temperature adds retardant to extend cement slurry thickening time compared with Gao Shike, foam water mudstone has the low and high feature of ultimate compression strength of rate of permeation, property indices all meets on-the-spot cementing requirements, has site operation simply and significantly reduces the advantage of foamed cement well cementation cost.
For achieving the above object, the application's Novel cementing fills nitrogen foam slurry with chemistry, and according to mass fraction, it consists of:
100 parts of oil well cements;
0.5～2.0 part of foaming agent I;
0.5～2.0 part of foaming agent II;
0.7～2.5 part of suds-stabilizing agent;
1.0～10 parts of water retainings;
0.1～0.5 part of dispersion agent;
0.3～1.0 part of retardant;
1.0～4.0 parts of hardening accelerator;
48～70 parts, water.
Described oil well cement can be API oil well G class g cement, H class g cement and A class g cement.
Described foaming agent I, by the anionic group that contains chlorine, oxygen, bromine or nitrogen and the solid chemical compound soluble in water that the cation group that contains potassium, sodium, ammonium, lithium, magnesium, calcium or aluminium forms, can be the one or more combination in the compounds such as Potcrate, magnesium chlorate, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammoniumper chlorate, calcium chlorate, nitrocalcite, SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, aluminum nitrate, lithium chlorate, potassium bromate, potassium perchlorate, lithium perchlorate, sodium bromate, magnesium perchlorate.
Described foaming agent II is the solution being made into by nitrogenous substances, can be the solution that the mass percentage concentration that one or more combination is made in the materials such as ammonium chloride, oxammonium hydrochloride, ammonium nitrite, quadrol, ammonium nitrate, methane amide, ammonium sulfate, ethanamide, oxammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, methyl oxammonium hydrochloride is 25～65%.
Described suds-stabilizing agent is at C by alkyl carbon chain
12-C
16the mass percentage concentration that the cocamidopropyl propyl amide amine oxide (CAO) of scope, dodecanamide propyl amine oxide (LAO), AMONYL 380LC (CAB) surfactant materials and water are made into by the proportional CAO ︰ of quality group LAO ︰ CAB ︰ water=9～15 ︰ 5～7.5 ︰ 6～12 ︰ 62～80 is 20～38% solution.
Described water retaining can be polyvinyl alcohol water retaining, cellulose ethers (Natvosol, carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose) water retaining, latex class (butadiene styrene latex, vinyl acetate-ethylene latex) water retaining, acrylamide and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic (AMPS) the polymeric type water retaining that reinforcing oil well is conventional.
Described dispersion agent can be sulfonation formaldehyde-acetone polycondensate dispersion agent, poly naphthalene sulfonate dispersion agent or the lignosulfonic acid dipersant that reinforcing oil well is conventional.
Described retardant can be one or more in tartrate, citric acid, boric acid, Sodium Tetraborate, Sunmorl N 60S, sulfonated lignin, 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic (AMPS) and acrylic copolymer, 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic (AMPS) and itaconic acid copolymer.
Described hardening accelerator can be one or more in calcium chloride, sodium metaaluminate, calcium oxide, Repone K, calcium sulphate dihydrate, lithium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium formiate, calcium lactate, potassium aluminium sulfate, lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide.
Described preparation foam slurry water can be fresh water, seawater and salinity water.
Advantage of the present invention: the foaming agent I that (1) works out and foaming agent II not only have that to produce nitrogen rate high, and cost value is low, toxicity is little and without the potential safety hazard such as inflammable and explosive, have the characteristic of economy, safety, very applicable on-the-spot Cementing application; (2) foaming agent I dissolution rate in water is fast, in mixed slurry process, be dissolved in the water soon and be molecularity dispersion, can be rapidly in grout, react and produce nitrogen microbubble with foaming agent II, solve current chemistry and filled that the prepared foamed cement pulp foam size of nitrogen is irregular, the deficiency of less stable; (3) suds-stabilizing agent material is environmentally friendly, and it is effective with steady bubble to bubble, and can prepare than current chemistry and fill the lower foam slurry of nitrogen foamed cement pulp density, and density can be down to 1.0g/cm
3below, density can be at 0.80g/cm
3～1.50g/cm
3adjustable; (4) by add hardening accelerator or retardant at foam slurry, can make chemistry fill applicable 10 ℃～95 ℃ temperature ranges of nitrogen foam slurry, both can be used for conventional well low-density well cementing, also can be used for the well cementation of deep-water low-temperature low-density degree anti-channeling and Temperature Deep low-density well cementing; (5) adjustable, good fluidity of foamed cement pulp density and thickening time, fluid loss are less, can meet on-the-spot cementing practice requirement completely, and have lower-cost advantage, have a extensive future.
The invention provides that a kind of technology is reliable, site operation is convenient, cost is low, can meet the foamed cement slurry system of conventional well low-density well cementing, the well cementation of deep-water low-temperature low-density degree anti-channeling and Temperature Deep low-density well cementing, fill up the blank that chemistry fills nitrogen foam cementing concrete slurry.
Embodiment
Experimental technique: prepare foam slurry by standard A PI10B-4-2004 " Recommended Practice on Preparation and Testing of Foamed Cement Slurries at Atmospheric Presssure ", and measure foam slurry performance and foam water mudstone ultimate compression strength.
Embodiment 1: foam slurry density measurement
Adopt high resistance sulphur G level oil well cement, according to standard A, PI10B-4-2004 prepares foam slurry.Dry ash with slurry basic composition is: high resistance sulphur G oil well cement, foaming agent I, water retaining (solid), dispersion agent, hardening accelerator; Liquid with slurry basic composition is: foaming agent II, suds-stabilizing agent, water retaining (liquid), retardant and water; In this experiment, first solid dry ash component with slurry and liquid components are weighed separately and mixed, then by standard A PI10B-4-2004, prepare grout, in whipping process, foaming agent I in solid dry ash component contacts chemical reaction generation nitrogen occurs with liquid components foaming agent II in grout, realize grout and be filled with nitrogen object, under the foaming of suds-stabilizing agent, steady bubble effect, can prepare density 0.80～1.50g/cm
3foam slurry.Test-results is in Table 1.
The density of foam slurry under the different admixture dosages of table 1
Embodiment 2: the foam slurry variable density test under simulation certain temperature/pressure condition
Adopt high resistance sulphur G level oil well cement, according to standard A, PI10B-4-2004 prepares foam slurry, the density of test water mud under 20 ℃/normal atmosphere conditions of room temperature, then grout being poured into a diameter is 8cm, be highly in the withstand voltage steel die of circle of 10cm, circular withstand voltage steel die inside scribbles tetrafluoroethylene, bottom seals by thread cap, in the middle of the thread cap of top seal, there is an aperture (diameter is 0.5cm) to carry out pressure transmission, then the withstand voltage steel die of the circle of filling foam slurry is put into high temperature and pressure protective cauldron, adopt and use water as heat transfer, transmission medium is heated, pressurization maintenance, after 48 hours, take out Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, the foam water mudstone density that adopts the measurement of hydrostatic check weighing method to heat after pressurization, the density of foam slurry under the pressurized conditions of heating slightly increases, under 90 ℃/30MPa condition, can make cement slurry density remain on 1.15～1.72g/cm
3low density scope, is conducive to reduce cement slurry underground liquid column hydrostatic pressure, prevents grout leakage.Test-results is in Table 2.
Foam slurry density change under table 2 different pressures/temperature condition
Embodiment 3: the performance of foam slurry
Adopt high resistance sulphur G level oil well cement, according to standard A PI10B-4-2004, prepare foam slurry and measure foam slurry performance.Test-results is in Table 3.
The performance perameter of table 3 foam slurry
Embodiment 4: the ultimate compression strength of foam water mudstone and rate of permeation
Adopt high resistance sulphur G level oil well cement, according to standard A PI10B-4-2004, prepare foam slurry and measure ultimate compression strength and the rate of permeation of foam water mudstone.Test-results is in Table 4.
Ultimate compression strength and the rate of permeation of table 4 foam water mudstone
Embodiment 5: the on-the-spot Cementing application of foam slurry
Adopt chemistry of the present invention to fill nitrogen foamed cement slurry system, be successfully applied to on-the-spot coal bed gas well TS71-2D well cementation.TS71-2D coal bed gas well is positioned at persimmon village town, Qinshui County, Shanxi, is a bite cluster wells, 14.93 ° of maximum hole deviations, and hole structure is as follows:
Surface string adopts conventional low-density cement mortar sealing.Two, open in drilling process, severe leakage occurs: creeping into well depth 182m, 201m, 330m place, miss, leak speed and be greater than 10m
3/ h; When creeping into well depth 388m, mistake is returned, and leaks speed and is greater than 40m
3/ h; Creeping into well depth 518m, 629m, 731m place, miss, leak speed and be greater than 15m
3/ h, two open production casing size 139.7mm, lower dark 1079.77m, bottom-hole static temperature is 31.21 ℃, and circulating temperature is 28.85 ℃, and shaft bottom top pressure is 12.8MPa.
For the severe leakage situation of this well, adopt foamed low density grout of the present invention to carry out sealing to production casing, grout leakage guarantees that cement returns height on the one hand, prevents that on the other hand grout from bleeding in coal seam reservoirs, reduces the injury of grout to coal seam reservoirs.Site operation foamed cement slurry formula is: the on-the-spot water of the G of Linzhou City, Henan class g cement+1.0% foaming agent I+1.5% polyvinyl alcohol water retaining+0.25% sulfonation aldoketones dispersion agent+4% hardening accelerator+1.0% foaming agent II+1.3% suds-stabilizing agent+55%.
On-the-spot foam cementing technological process: first the solid additives such as foaming agent I, polyvinyl alcohol water retaining, sulfonation aldoketones dispersion agent, hardening accelerator are dry mixed equably in cement before well cementation, pack in grey tank car standby, while constructing at the scene, first foaming agent II, suds-stabilizing agent are poured in the water tank of a special notes foaming agent cementing truck, and add water to design total injection, stirring and evenly mixing, then by grey tank car, nurse tanker and cementing car couple together, the mixed paste-making method of well cementation mixes slurry operation routinely, the previously prepared cement based slurry that goes out certain density, cementing car is connected by manifold truck or threeway with notes foaming agent cementing truck, make cement based slurry and liquid foaming agent II, suds-stabilizing agent mixes at manifold truck or threeway place, concurrent biochemical reaction generates nitrogen reduces cement slurry density, obtain designed density, stable foamed cement slurry system, finally reenter well, in order to test foamed cement pulp density, can connect a bypass pipe sampling and measuring density at well head.The ground area density of on-the-spot foam slurry is 1.15-1.20g/cm
3, cementing discharge capacity is 0.55-0.70m
3/ min, cementing pressure is 0.37-0.40MPa, injects altogether foam slurry 9.7m
3, displacement pressure is 2.0-2.2MPa, bruising 15MPa opens wide to wait and coagulates.
Wait solidifying well logging after 72 hours, measure the item is acoustic variable-density, well logging result is interpreted as: grout returns dark 680m, cement sealing section 680-1066m, sealing segment length 386m, grout returns high at the above 346m in object coal seam, reach grout and return high requirement more than the 200m of object coal seam, with reference to relevant light weight cement primary cement evaluation standard in oil and gas industry standard SY/T6592-2004 " primary cement evaluation method ", carry out foam cementing quality evalution, TS71-2D coal bed gas well foamed cement qualification rate of cementing is 100%, the amplitude log factor of merit reaches 97.92%.
By the successful Application at TS71-2D coal bed gas well; show that the on-the-spot preparation of this foam slurry is simple; without other numerous and diverse operation; ground construction equipment is strict with without other; the foam slurry good flowing properties of preparation, slurry are stablized, cementing displacement pressure is little; and there is fine leak stopping lost circulation prevention effect; can effectively solve a coal bed gas well leakage well cementation difficult problem and protection coal reservoir; and the development of foam water mudstone low temperature intensity is fast; ultimate compression strength can reach the requirement of sealing coal seam reservoirs payzone, also meets the waterfrac treatment transformation requirement of coal seam reservoirs later stage completely.
Certainly; the above is only one embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, within these improvements and modifications all belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. novel chemistry fills a nitrogen foamed cement slurry system, it is characterized in that each component and part by weight are as follows:
2. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described oil well cement can be API oil well G class g cement, H class g cement and A class g cement.
3. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described foaming agent I, by the anionic group that contains chlorine, oxygen, bromine or nitrogen and the solid chemical compound soluble in water that the cation group that contains potassium, sodium, ammonium, lithium, magnesium, calcium or aluminium forms, can be the one or more combination in the compounds such as Potcrate, magnesium chlorate, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammoniumper chlorate, calcium chlorate, nitrocalcite, SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, aluminum nitrate, lithium chlorate, potassium bromate, potassium perchlorate, lithium perchlorate, sodium bromate, magnesium perchlorate.
4. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described foaming agent II is the solution being made into by nitrogenous substances, can be the solution that the mass percentage concentration that one or more combination is made in the materials such as ammonium chloride, oxammonium hydrochloride, ammonium nitrite, quadrol, ammonium nitrate, methane amide, ammonium sulfate, ethanamide, oxammonium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate, methyl oxammonium hydrochloride is 25～65%.
5. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described suds-stabilizing agent is at C by alkyl carbon chain
12-C
16the mass percentage concentration that the cocamidopropyl propyl amide amine oxide (CAO) of scope, dodecanamide propyl amine oxide (LAO), AMONYL 380LC (CAB) surfactant materials and water are made into by the proportional CAO ︰ of quality group LAO ︰ CAB ︰ water=9～15 ︰ 5～7.5 ︰ 6～12 ︰ 62～80 is 20～38% solution.
6. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described water retaining can be polyvinyl alcohol water retaining, cellulose ethers (Natvosol, carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose) water retaining, latex class (butadiene styrene latex, vinyl acetate-ethylene latex) water retaining, acrylamide and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic (AMPS) the polymeric type water retaining that reinforcing oil well is conventional.
7. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described dispersion agent can be sulfonation formaldehyde-acetone polycondensate dispersion agent, poly naphthalene sulfonate dispersion agent or the lignosulfonic acid dipersant that reinforcing oil well is conventional.
8. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described retardant can be one or more in tartrate, citric acid, boric acid, Sodium Tetraborate, Sunmorl N 60S, sulfonated lignin, 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic (AMPS) and acrylic copolymer, 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic (AMPS) and itaconic acid copolymer.
9. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described hardening accelerator can be one or more in calcium chloride, sodium metaaluminate, calcium oxide, Repone K, calcium sulphate dihydrate, lithium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium formiate, calcium lactate, potassium aluminium sulfate, lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide.
10. foamed cement slurry system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described preparation foam slurry water can be fresh water, seawater and salinity water.
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