CN103516655B - Symbol fine timing synchronization method - Google Patents
Symbol fine timing synchronization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103516655B CN103516655B CN201210208819.8A CN201210208819A CN103516655B CN 103516655 B CN103516655 B CN 103516655B CN 201210208819 A CN201210208819 A CN 201210208819A CN 103516655 B CN103516655 B CN 103516655B
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of symbol fine timing synchronization method, by pilot signal zero padding on frequency domain, then transforming to time domain by IFFT in the method, increase the upper sampling degree of time domain, to reduce the impact of empty peak value; Further, consider main footpath and first footpath simultaneously, accurately locate based on Lai Duishou footpath, main footpath, such that it is able to guarantee the accurate estimation of the thin timing offset of symbol. Adopt the present invention can improve the tolerance range of symbol fine timing synchronization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mobile communication technology, particularly relate to a kind of symbol fine timing synchronization method in multicarrier system.
Background technology
Long evolving system (LTE) physical layer adopts orthogonal frequency multiplexing (OFDM) technology, it is achieved transmitting high speed data on broadband, and wherein timing is synchronously the prerequisite ensureing reliable data transmission. In LTE system, timing synchronization object determines the starting and ending moment of OFDM symbol, and the estimated result of symbol timing will determine the zero position of fourier FFT window.
Although introducing cyclic prefix CP, timing synchronization is required by OFDM can be lower, but if symbol timing is not in the best moment, will reduce the ability of system counter multipath delay. At cell search phase, LTE system utilizes the first synchronizing signal to carry out cross-correlation, it is determined that the timing of rough symbol, generally can ensure in positive and negative CP. For the transfer of high code rate, high order modulation, symbol time offset is relatively big on system performance impact, and symbol time offset is more big, and system performance decline is also more obvious. So, after cell searching completes, it is necessary to adopt a kind of accurate symbol fine timing synchronization algorithm, make the scope of symbol time offset drop to minimum.
At present, for the scheme of symbol fine timing synchronization method of ofdm system primarily of two kinds: a kind of is add a string leading training sequence to detect the arrival of signal before symbol sending, this leader sequence is known concerning receiving end, the synchronous common method of timing utilizes the sequence signal received and known sequence to do relevant, the position observing peak value judges the skew amount of timing, can with reference to Chinese patent: CN200410083796.8, CN200810119043.6; Also having a kind of utilizes the frequency pilot sign in ofdm system to estimate timing offset, is generally receiving pilot tone upper signal channel signal by Fourier transform to time domain, then arrange threshold value and find out Article 1 multi-path location, then head footpath is moved in FFT window. See patent CN200710110854.5.
Above-mentioned the first add leading training sequence the method for timing offset be generally be applied in 802.11OFDM system to estimate, and LTE system is not the leading training sequence of subframe designs as WLAN, therefore, is not suitable for being applied in LTE system.
Above-mentioned 2nd kind utilizes frequency pilot sign to estimate the method for timing offset, is swash, in time domain punching, the position finding out main footpath (or first footpath) in response according to thresholding, then sets FFT and windows position, main footpath (or first footpath) is moved in FFT window. There is following shortcoming in this kind of method: is first owing to timing advance or delay cause multipath to be shifted in time domain cocycle, timing offset is made likely to cause first footpath to drop on after main footpath, and aforesaid method only considers the one in main footpath and first footpath, do not consider main footpath and first footpath simultaneously, to guarantee that first footpath is dropped on after main footpath, like this, the judgement in first footpath will be caused difficulty; Secondly, the judgement in first footpath is generally judged by aforesaid method only by threshold value, and repeatedly fourier transformation, empty peak phenomenon can be brought, like this, only utilize threshold value to carry out judging easily to sentence mistake due to empty peak phenomenon.
There is the not high problem of tolerance range in the symbol fine timing synchronization method that can be applicable in LTE system it thus is seen that existing.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of symbol fine timing synchronization method, can improve the tolerance range of symbol fine timing synchronization.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is:
A kind of symbol fine timing synchronization method, comprising:
The channel estimation results of each frequency pilot sign specified that a, user equipment (UE) will currently receive, zero padding is to N point respectively, and carries out converting against Fourier Tranform IFFT, obtains the inverse Fourier Tranform IFFT transformation results of the N point of each frequency pilot sign;
B, IFFT transformation results according to N point corresponding to each described frequency pilot sign, it is determined that corresponding N point energy accumulation value;
C, according to described N point energy accumulation value, determine that the footpath of the wherein some correspondence that energy is maximum is as main footpath, determine the sampling number shift_index at interval between current sampling point position max_index and the fixed position fix_index specified in described main footpath, according to described shift_index, described N point energy accumulation value is carried out ring shift, by the position ring shift in described main footpath on described fixed position;
D, position according to the described main footpath after ring shift, it is determined that the position first_index in first footpath in described N point energy accumulation value, and make described first footpath be positioned at before described main footpath;
E, judge thresholding divid_index according to described shift_index, described first_index and default loop direction, it is determined that the thin timing offset of current symbol;
F, carry out synchronous timing according to the thin timing offset of described symbol.
In sum, the symbol fine timing synchronization method that the present invention proposes, first, to pilot signal zero padding on frequency domain, then transforms to time domain by IFFT, increases the upper sampling degree of time domain, to reduce the impact of empty peak value; Secondly, accurately locate based on Lai Duishou footpath, main footpath, such that it is able to guarantee the accurate estimation of the thin timing offset of symbol, and then the tolerance range of symbol fine timing synchronization can be improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The core concept of the present invention is: first, to pilot signal zero padding on frequency domain, time domain is transformed to by IFFT, increase the upper sampling degree of time domain, and utilize the footpath lobe phenomenon thus brought, the maximum value finding lobe, as the central position postponing footpath, to improve the precision of timing, reduces the impact of empty peak value; Secondly, after finding main path position, first main footpath is carried out ring shift position to fix, ensure that first footpath appears at before main footpath, then according to the size windowed, in window, find the position in first footpath, judge that current timing is in advance or postpones by some computings, like this, as long as thick timing offset is in positive and negative Cyclic Prefix, the present invention is adopted can to estimate thin timing value accurately.
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one. As shown in Figure 1, the method comprises:
The channel estimation results of each frequency pilot sign specified that step 101, user equipment will currently receive, zero padding is to N point respectively, and carries out converting against Fourier Tranform IFFT, obtains the inverse Fourier Tranform IFFT transformation results of the N point of each frequency pilot sign.
Here, user equipment obtains the concrete grammar of described channel estimation results, by those skilled in the art are grasped, does not repeat them here. Goodly, existing least square estimator can be adopted to carry out channel estimating.
In this step, choosing of described N is relevant with the pilot configuration of actual system, and final guarantee is sampled as integral multiple. Specifically, the relation of upper sampling multiple D and described N corresponding when carrying out described zero padding will meet:
Wherein, the value of described N is the minimum N value making described D be integer; Described T is Fourier Tranform total number of sub-carriers in multicarrier system, and described X is the sub-carrier number in the effective bandwidth taken in multicarrier system, and described P is the pilot sub-carrier number in the effective bandwidth taken in multicarrier system.
Concrete to existing LTE(R8) in system, the channel estimation results of described frequency pilot sign will be the frequency domain vector of 200 for a length, described inWill be:Here, choosing the minimum N value making D be integer is 1024, (N value is more little can reduce complexity), obtains D=3 doubly upper sampling. Like this, in this step, by a length be 200 frequency domain vector below mend 824 0, and then do the IFFT conversion of 1024.
In this step, it is achieved the conversion of channel estimating frequency domain to time domain, need here first by channel estimation results zero padding to N point, be then the IFFT of N point, can improve like this time domain channel impulse response resolving power.
Here, the described each frequency pilot sign specified can be: specifies any one or more frequency pilot signs in the given sub-frame on receiving antenna. Namely, it is possible to be the frequency pilot sign in one or more subframe on an antenna, it is also possible to be the frequency pilot sign in one or more subframe on many antennas. If the number of pilot symbols specified is many, tolerance range will be high, corresponding, the calculated amount of system also can be big, otherwise, if the number of pilot symbols specified is few, tolerance range will be low, corresponding, and the calculated amount of system also can be little, specifically, those skilled in the art can specify the suitable frequency pilot sign for determining the thin timing offset of symbol according to actual needs.
Step 102, IFFT transformation results according to N point corresponding to each described frequency pilot sign, it is determined that corresponding N point energy accumulation value.
Specifically, this step is by the Energy value that the IFFT transformation results of N point corresponding for all described frequency pilot signs is corresponding respectively being averaging, obtains described N point energy accumulation value.
Here, the concrete method of calculation of the Energy value that the IFFT transformation results of the N point that described frequency pilot sign is corresponding is corresponding respectively are grasped by those skilled in the art, do not repeat them here.
Step 103, according to described N point energy accumulation value, determine that the footpath of the wherein some correspondence that energy is maximum is as main footpath, determine the sampling number shift_index at interval between current sampling point position max_index and the fixed position fix_index specified in described main footpath, according to described shift_index, described N point energy accumulation value is carried out ring shift, by the position ring shift in described main footpath on described fixed position.
Goodly, the concrete grammar " determining that the footpath of the wherein some correspondence that energy is maximum is as main footpath; determine the sampling number shift_index at interval between current sampling point position max_index and the fixed position fix_index specified in described main footpath; according to described shift_index; described N point energy accumulation value is carried out ring shift, by the position ring shift in described main footpath on described fixed position " in this step can comprise:
According to shift_index=fix_index-max_index, calculate described shift_index;
As described fix_index-max_index > 0, by described N point energy accumulation value loopy moving | shift_index | position from left to right;
When described fix_index-max_index is < when 0, by described N point energy accumulation value loopy moving | shift_index | position from right to left.
Step 104, position according to the described main footpath after ring shift, it is determined that the position first_index in first footpath in described N point energy accumulation value, and described first footpath is positioned at before described main footpath.
Secure the position in main footpath in step 103, by finding first path position according to main path position further in this step, the first footpath found is positioned at before main footpath
Goodly, this step can adopt following method to realize:
According to W=L*D, it is determined that for searching for the long W of window in first footpath, wherein, L is the sampling point threshold value that the maximum delay in the default main footpath of accurate timing is corresponding, upper sampling multiple corresponding when D is carry out described zero padding;
At { fix_index-W, in the scope of fix_index}, in described N point energy accumulation value, find first from left to right to meet: S (k) > S (effective diameter of k-1) &&S (k) > S (k+1), the position in footpath headed by the position k of this effective diameter is determined, wherein, described S (k) is the footpath Energy value of kth sampling point position in the described N point energy accumulation value after ring shift.
In aforesaid method, described L is empirical value, it is possible to the number of pilot symbols according to specifying is determined, for example, it is assumed that the number of pilot symbols specified is 4, it is possible to according to L=CP/4=144/4=36, obtain L; In this kind of situation, it is assumed that D=3, then W=36*D=36*3=108. Correspondingly, { first footpath will found within the scope of fix_index-108, fix_index}, like this, it is possible to guarantee that first footpath is positioned at before described main footpath, such that it is able to guarantee the accuracy of thin timing estimation. It should be noted that, in actual applications, big in order to avoid shake error can adjust size W value of windowing, such as W=130. but more counting of conference increase search of windowing adds complexity.
In actual applications, namely, the footpath that footpath energy is greater than preset energy thresholding is judged as effective diameter to the determination methods of described effective diameter, such as define preset energy thresholding be the 20% of main footpath energy, then be greater than main footpath energy 20% footpath will think effective diameter. Here, preset energy thresholding 20% is an empirical value, adjustable according to actual channel environment. In this step, after selecting effective diameter, at the first path position of interior searching of windowing, after upper sampling, channel effective diameter presents the character of lobe envelope, the sampling position in be generally the maximum point of lobe be exactly at the center of lobe footpath, turns right from the Far Left of window and finds first and satisfy condition: S (k) > S (k-1) (k) > S (k+1), then k is exactly the position in first footpath. The position in first footpath found in record is frst_index=k.
Step 105, according to described shift_index, described first_index and default threshold value divid_index, it is determined that the thin timing offset of current symbol.
Goodly, this step can adopt following method to determine the thin timing offset of symbol:
When described shift_index be less than or equal to default loop direction judge thresholding divid_index time, thin for described symbol timing offset is defined as (first_index-N-Shift_index-1)/D round up after value;
When described shift_index is greater than described divid_index, thin for described symbol timing offset is defined as (first_index-Shift_index-1)/D round up after value;
Wherein, upper sampling multiple corresponding when described D is carry out described zero padding.
Here it should be understood that in actual applications, owing to timing offset thick after not knowing cell searching is in advance on earth or postpones, therefore the main path position max_index that IFFT determines after converting, it is very difficult to judgement is original main footpath is be shifted or bear (from the right side to left circulation) from just (from left to right circulating) to be displaced to herein. It is thus desirable to provide a threshold value and divid_index as judgement.
Specifically, according to divid_index=fix_index-middle_index, described loop direction can be set and judge thresholding divid_index. Wherein, described middle_index=(index11+index22)/2, described index11 is owing to thick timing causes master to directly go to the maximum limit position moved right after D doubly upper sampling, and described index22 is owing to thick timing causes master to directly go to the maximum limit position moved left after D doubly upper sampling.
For example, it is assumed that the accurate timing of current channel, the time delay distribution in main footpath all drops in CP/4=144/4=36 sample point, and general major part channel is all satisfied. (note: be herein the actual time delay of channel, granularity is 2048 points), owing to thick timing offset residual value is in positive and negative Cyclic Prefix (CP), then the maximum deviation that main footpath is possible in main footpath at CP/4 place and be currently positive displacement (from left to right) index1=36+144=180; Or main footpath be exactly first footpath in the 0th position, and be currently negative displacement (from the right side to left circulation) index2=2048+0-144=1904. After D=3 doubly upper sampling, granularity is 1024, now index11=180*3=540; Index22=mod (1904*3,1024)=592; Get both intermediate point middle_index=(index11+index22)/2=566. Now, judge that the calculation formula of thresholding can obtain according to above-mentioned loop direction: divid_index=fix_index-middle_index=-134.
Step 106, carry out synchronous timing according to the thin timing offset of described symbol.
In actual applications, after utilizing above-mentioned steps to obtain thin timing offset result, receiving end and UE will when lower secondary data arrive, and the timing offset according to estimating adjusts.
The same existing system of specific implementation method of this step, does not repeat them here.
In sum, these are only the better embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention. Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a symbol fine timing synchronization method, it is characterised in that, comprising:
The channel estimation results of each frequency pilot sign specified that a, user equipment will currently receive, zero padding is to N point respectively, and carries out converting against Fourier Tranform IFFT, obtains the inverse Fourier Tranform IFFT transformation results of the N point of each frequency pilot sign;
B, IFFT transformation results according to N point corresponding to each described frequency pilot sign, it is determined that corresponding N point energy accumulation value;
C, according to described N point energy accumulation value, determine that the footpath of the wherein some correspondence that energy is maximum is as main footpath, determine the sampling number shift_index at interval between current sampling point position max_index and the fixed position fix_index specified in described main footpath, according to described shift_index, described N point energy accumulation value is carried out ring shift, by the position ring shift in described main footpath on described fixed position;
D, position according to the described main footpath after ring shift, it is determined that the position first_index in first footpath in described N point energy accumulation value, and make described first footpath be positioned at before described main footpath;
E, judge thresholding divid_index according to described shift_index, described first_index and default loop direction, it is determined that the thin timing offset of current symbol;
F, carry out synchronous timing according to the thin timing offset of described symbol;
Wherein, described steps d comprises:
According to W=L*D, it is determined that for searching for the long W of window in first footpath, wherein, L is the sampling point threshold value that the maximum delay in the default main footpath of accurate timing is corresponding, upper sampling multiple corresponding when D is carry out described zero padding;
At { fix_index-W, in the scope of fix_index}, in described N point energy accumulation value, find first from left to right to meet: S (k) > S (effective diameter of k-1) &&S (k) > S (k+1), the position in footpath headed by the position k of this effective diameter is determined, wherein, described S (k) is the footpath Energy value of kth sampling point position in the described N point energy accumulation value after ring shift;
Described step e comprises:
When described shift_index be less than or equal to default loop direction judge thresholding divid_index time, thin for described symbol timing offset is defined as (first_index-N-Shift_index-1)/D round up after value;
When described shift_index is greater than described divid_index, thin for described symbol timing offset is defined as (first_index-Shift_index-1)/D round up after value;
Wherein, upper sampling multiple corresponding when described D is carry out described zero padding.
2. described method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, the relation of upper sampling multiple D and described N corresponding when carrying out described zero padding in step a meets:Wherein, the value of described N is the minimum N value making described D be integer; Described T is Fourier Tranform total number of sub-carriers in multicarrier system, and described X is the sub-carrier number in the effective bandwidth taken in multicarrier system, and described P is the pilot sub-carrier number in the effective bandwidth taken in multicarrier system.
3. described method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, the described each frequency pilot sign specified is: specify any one or more frequency pilot signs in the given sub-frame on receiving antenna.
4. described method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described step b comprises:
The Energy value that the IFFT transformation results of N point corresponding for all described frequency pilot signs is corresponding respectively is averaging, obtains described N point energy accumulation value.
5. described method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step c determining, the footpath of the wherein some correspondence that energy is maximum is as main footpath, determine the sampling number shift_index at interval between current sampling point position max_index and the fixed position fix_index specified in described main footpath, according to described shift_index, described N point energy accumulation value is carried out ring shift, the position ring shift in described main footpath is comprised to described fixed position:
According to shift_index=fix_index-max_index, calculate described shift_index;
As described fix_index-max_index > 0, by described N point energy accumulation value loopy moving | shift_index | position from left to right;
When described fix_index-max_index is < when 0, by described N point energy accumulation value loopy moving | shift_index | position from right to left.
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| CN106899525B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2019-02-01 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Terminal timing offset estimation method, device in multi-point cooperative transmission |
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| CN101753499A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-23 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method for jointly estimating the integral multiple carrier frequency shift and accurate symbol timing |
| CN101938435A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Time bias estimation device and method for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system |
| CN101997804A (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2011-03-30 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and device for estimating synchronous timing deviation |
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| JP2009502078A (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2009-01-22 | エヌエックスピー ビー ヴィ | Method and synchronizer for precise OFDM symbol synchronization and method / receiver for reception of OFDM symbols |
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| CN101753499A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-23 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method for jointly estimating the integral multiple carrier frequency shift and accurate symbol timing |
| CN101938435A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Time bias estimation device and method for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system |
| CN101997804A (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2011-03-30 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and device for estimating synchronous timing deviation |
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