CN103513791B - Displacement detector - Google Patents
Displacement detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN103513791B CN103513791B CN201210211992.3A CN201210211992A CN103513791B CN 103513791 B CN103513791 B CN 103513791B CN 201210211992 A CN201210211992 A CN 201210211992A CN 103513791 B CN103513791 B CN 103513791B
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Abstract
A kind of displacement detector, includes light source, image sensor and processing unit.The light source is used to illuminate working surface.Described image sensor is used to obtain the reflected light of the working surface with output image frame.The processing unit selected in described image frame image feature value it is maximum set sampling scope, and according to the displacement for setting sampling scope displacement sensing device to calculate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of interactive device, more particularly to one kind can in dynamic select picture frame valid pixel scope in terms of
Calculate the displacement detector of displacement.
Background technology
Known optical mouse generally comprises light source, image sensor and processing unit, and for user in working surface
Upper manipulation.The light source is used to illuminate the working surface；Described image sensor receives the reflection from the working surface
Light is with output image frame；The processing unit then calculates the optical mouse according to the picture frame of described image sensor output
Relative to the displacement of the working surface, such as according to the correlation of image interframe（correlation）The rheme to calculate
Shifting amount.
In known optical mouse, due to obtaining the reflected light of the working surface by described image sensor, then work as institute
State picture frame acquired in image sensor image quality it is not good when, in fact it could happen that the feelings of the displacement can not be computed correctly
Shape.
Referring for example to shown in Fig. 1, general optical mouse is for example comprising light source 81, and light source 81 illuminates worksheet by lens 82
Face 9, the reflected light of the working surface 9 is received by another lens 83 by image sensor 84.Optical mouse assembling when,
Described image sensor 84 simultaneously non-precision may be arranged at desired locations, such as when described image sensor 84 is arranged at
During 84 ' position, the image quality for the picture frame that the reflected light that described image sensor 84 obtains the working surface 9 is formed
May not be good, thus cause the situation of computing by mistake.
Even if in addition, described image sensor 84 is correctly arranged at desired locations, when the optical mouse is operated
When different working surfaces, the situation of image space skew is still likely to occur.Referring for example to shown in Fig. 2A, it shows optics
Mouse action is remained able to by described image sensor in the schematic diagram of glass surface, the now reflected light of the working surface 9
84 are received；However, when optical mouse operates in another glass surface with larger thickness, as shown in Figure 2 B, the figure
Cause computing by mistake as sensor 84 is then unable to properly receive the reflected light from the working surface 9, image quality reduction
Situation.
In consideration of it, the present invention also proposes a kind of displacement detector, it is operable in various surfaces and can effectively overcome group
Fill the situation of the image quality reduction caused by error.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of displacement detector, it can overcome the counting accuracy caused by assembly error
The situation of reduction.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of displacement detector, it can adjust figure according to different working surfaces
Sampling scope is set as frame（window ofinterest）, to increase counting accuracy.
The present invention provides a kind of displacement detector, includes light source, image sensor and processing unit.The light source with
One projecting direction illuminates working surface.Described image sensor is used for the reflected light for obtaining the working surface with output image
Frame.The processing unit selects at least one to set sampling scope in described image frame, and respectively according to two figures
The displacement of sampling scope displacement sensing device to calculate can be set as described in frame.
The present invention also provides a kind of displacement detector, includes light source, image sensing arrays, adder unit, analog/digital
Unit and processing unit.The light source illuminates working surface with a projecting direction.Described image sensing array is used to obtain institute
The reflected light of working surface is stated to export the first analog image frame.The adder unit subtracts the first analog image frame directly
Flow valuve is to export the second analog image frame.The analog/digital unit amplifies the second analog image frame and is converted to numeral
Picture frame.The processing unit selects at least one to set sampling scope in the digital image frames, and according to it is described can
The displacement of setting sampling range computation institute displacement sensing device.Present embodiment can be used for when picture frame characteristics of image compared with
When unobvious, for increasing image feature value.
The present invention also provides a kind of displacement detector, includes light source, image sensor and processing unit.The light source with
One projecting direction illuminates working surface.Described image sensor is used for the reflected light for obtaining the working surface with output image
Frame.The processing unit selected in described image frame image feature value it is maximum set sampling scope, and according to it is described can
Setting range calculates the displacement of institute's displacement sensing device.
In the displacement detector of the present invention, by using with larger area（Such as 32 × 128）Image sensing battle array
Row receive the reflected light from the working surface with complete, and wherein described image sensing array is preferably rectangle and its length
It is preferred that extending to the direction of the horizontal component in the light source projects direction.
The present invention in the picture frame acquired in described image sensor also by selecting at least one to set sampling model
Enclose or image feature value is maximum sets sampling scope, to be computed correctly position according to the obvious pixel coverage of characteristics of image
Shifting amount；Wherein, described image characteristic value maximum refers in the pixel coverage that characteristics of image exceedes default characteristic value, the average image feature
It is worth the maximum, the numerical value of such as the average image quality is maximum or average image brightness is maximum.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of known optical mouse, and it shows the assembling deviation of image sensor.
Fig. 2A and 2B show known optical mouse action in the operation chart of the glass surface of different-thickness.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the displacement detector of embodiment of the present invention, and it shows the assembling deviation of image sensor.
Fig. 4 shows the operation chart of the displacement detector of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 A and 5B show behaviour of the displacement detector operation in the glass surface of different-thickness of embodiment of the present invention
Make schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 shows the block schematic diagram of the displacement detector of embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals
1 displacement detector 11,81 light sources
13rd, 13 ', 13 " image sensor 130,130 ' can set sampling scope
The adder unit of 131 image sensing arrays 133
The processing unit of 135 analog/digital unit 15
16 digital-to-analog units 17,19 optical elements
S, 9 working surface P projecting directions
PXProjecting direction horizontal component PYProjecting direction vertical component
LXImage sensing arrays length direction IFPicture frame
DAC D. C. values DXMean flow rate
AX, Ay brightness change T1、T2Thickness of glass
82nd, 83 optical element V 84,84 ' image sensors
Embodiment
In order to which the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be become apparent from, hereafter accompanying drawing will be coordinated to make detailed
Explanation.In the explanation of the present invention, identical component is represented with identical symbol, is first illustrated herein.
Shown in reference picture 3, it shows the schematic diagram of the displacement detector 1 of embodiment of the present invention.Displacement detector 1
Include light source 11, image sensor 13 and processing unit 15；Displacement detector 1 described in some embodiments can also include light
Learn element 17（Such as lens）, projection scope and optical element 19 for adjusting the light source 11（Such as lens）, it is used for
Increase the light receiving efficiency of described image sensor 13.Institute's displacement sensing device 1 is used to detect the displacement relative to working surface S
Amount, and the displacement is exported to electronic installation（It is not shown）To carry out corresponding control.It should be noted that, institute in Fig. 3
Displacement sensing device 1 is actually only comprising an image sensor 13,13 ' or 13 ", three image sensor use are shown herein
In expression assembling deviation, that is, described image sensor is likely located at 13,13 ' or 13, and " one of position is not represented described
Displacement detector 1 includes three image sensors.
The light source 11 can be for example light emitting diode or laser diode, for sending infrared light or black light to carry
Required light during for the acquisition image of described image sensor 13.The light source 11 illuminates the working surface with a projecting direction P
S, wherein the projecting direction P can be analyzed to the horizontal component P parallel to the working surface SXAnd perpendicular to the work
The vertical component P on surfaceY。
Described image sensor 13 is preferably cmos image sensor or other active image sensors, for obtaining
Working surface S reflected light is stated with lasting output image frame IF；Wherein, described image frame IFFor digital image frames.Described image sense
Survey device 13 and preferably comprise rectangular image sensing arrays 131；Described image senses the length direction L of array 131XSubstantially to institute
State projecting direction P horizontal component PXDirection extension, and described image sense array 131 for example with Pixel Dimensions 32 ×
128, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Thereby, no matter described image sensor 13 is arranged at 13 in assembling as shown in the figure,
13 ' or 13 " position, described image sensor 13 is able to detect the reflected light from the working surface S.It is scrutable
Be, 13,13 ' or 13 " position offset it is actually very small, in order to be exaggerated space proportion in purpose Fig. 3 of expression.
The processing unit 15 for example can be digital signal processor（DSP）, for defeated in described image sensor 13
The described image frame I gone outFIt is middle selection at least one can set sampling scope 130, and according to it is described set sampling scope 130 come
The displacement of institute's displacement sensing device 1 is calculated, such as respectively according to two picture frame IFSet sampling scope 130 between
Correlation（correlation）To calculate the displacement.In a kind of embodiment, it is described at least one can set sampling scope
130 are defined as described image frame IFCharacteristics of image exceed one or more pixel coverages of default characteristic value, wherein the figure
As feature for example can be image quality or brightness of image.In other words, the processing unit 15 of displacement detector 1 of the invention is simultaneously
The whole image frame I that non-used described image sensor 13 is exportedFImage is dynamically utilized to calculate the displacement
The obvious pixel coverage of feature is calculated.
With reference to shown in the 4th figure, as described image frame IFIn be judged as comprising it is multiple set sampling scope when, for example this
Place includes 130 and 130 ', the described image frame I that the processing unit 15 is then exported in described image sensor 13FMiddle selection figure
Sampling scope is set as characteristic value is maximum or area is maximum（Such as 130）, and according to it is described set sampling scope 130 come
Calculate the displacement of institute displacement sensing device 1 and sampling scope 130 ' can be set by ignoring.It is described in other embodiment
Processing unit 15 also can sample scope to calculate the displacement according to different setting, and for example basis can set sampling scope
130 the first displacements of calculating simultaneously calculate second displacement amount according to can set sampling scope 130 ', and compare and set according to different
Surely the uniformity of the displacement of sampling range computation, therefore when image feature value is not obvious（For example reflectance factor compared with
When low working surface S is operated）, it is whether correct available for displacement described in duplicate acknowledgment.Described image characteristic value maximum refers to figure
In each pixel coverage for exceeding default characteristic value as feature, the average image characteristic value the maximum, such as number of the average image quality
Value is maximum or average image brightness is maximum.
The displacement detector 1 of embodiment of the present invention, can also be according to different operating table in addition to it can overcome assembly error
Face S samples scope 130 to adjust setting for described image sensor 13.Referring for example to shown in Fig. 5 A and 5B, it is shown respectively
Schematic diagram of the institute's displacement sensing device 1 in the glass surface operation with different-thickness.When institute's displacement sensing device 1 is in tool
There is first thickness T1Working surface S operation when, it is described set sampling scope 130 for example positioned at image sensing described in figure battle array
The leftmost side of row 130, and when institute's displacement sensing device 1 is with second thickness T2Working surface S operation when, it is described to set
Scope 130 is sampled for example to offset towards the right side of image sensing arrays 130 described in figure.As it was previously stated, the processing unit 15
Then can be by described image frame IFCharacteristics of image exceed one or more pixel coverages of default characteristic value and be recognized as described to set
Surely scope 130 is sampled, and calculates the displacement according to this.
In addition, the accuracy of sampling scope 130 can be set described in selection in order to increase, as described image frame IFThe figure
As feature is respectively less than the default characteristic value or exports each picture frame IFWhen, described image sensor 13 is also performed will simulation
The step of picture frame deducts D. C. value and amplifies the analog image frame through deducting the D. C. value, then be digitized into exporting
The analog image frame IF。
Shown in reference picture 6, it shows the block schematic diagram of the displacement detector 1 of embodiment of the present invention；Wherein, it is described
Image sensor 13 also includes image sensing arrays 131, adder unit 133 and analog/digital unit 135.In this embodiment,
The light source 11 is same to illuminate the working surface S with the projecting direction P.Described image sensing array 131 is used to obtain institute
Working surface S reflected light is stated to export the first analog image frame；The first analog image frame is, for example, two-dimensional analog image,
Wherein Fig. 6（A）The brightness value of one row pixel of the first analog image frame is for example shown（Dx+Ax）, Dx represents mean flow rate
And Ax represents brightness changing value.The adder unit 133（Also realized using subtracter）By first analog image
Frame subtracts D. C. value DAC to export the second analog image frame, wherein Fig. 6（B）The one of the second analog image frame is for example shown
The brightness value of row pixel（Dx-DAC）+Ax；The brightness value（Dx+Ax）The purpose for deducting the D. C. value DAC is to avoid
There is the excessive situation of brightness value in follow-up amplification and digitization step.The analog/digital unit 135 amplifies second simulation
Picture frame simultaneously is converted into digital image frames to export to the processing unit 15, wherein Fig. 6（C）The numeral is for example shown
The brightness value of one row pixel of picture frame（Dx-DAC）+ Ay, Ay represent a brightness changing value；It is evident that brightness
Peak to peak value effectively increase.In present embodiment, the analog/digital unit 135 for example can be for linearly or nonlinearly
Analog/digital converter, or the inside of the analog/digital unit 135 can also include amplifying unit, first amplify second mould
Intend after picture frame, then carry out analog/digital conversion.Thereby, the first analog image frame that described image sensing array 131 is sensed
It can then increase the image feature value of digital image frames after the adder 133 and the digital-to-analog unit 135 processing, with
Increase selection can set the correctness of sampling scope.
In addition, in present embodiment, the D. C. value DAC is, for example, the mean flow rate or inclined of the second analog image frame
Shifting amount, it can be determined by the processing unit 15 according to the digital image frames, and will be described flat by digital-to-analog unit 16
Equal brightness or the offset are converted to and inputted after analog signal to the adder unit 133.
In addition, during practical operation, the processing unit 15 can confirm that selected set takes by machine in due course
Whether sample scope 130 is appropriate.For example, the processing unit 15 every prefixed time interval, then calculates selected described set
Surely the image feature value of scope 130 is sampled, when the image feature value for setting sampling scope 130 is less than default characteristic value
When, then reselect at least one can set sampling scope 130 or image feature value it is maximum set sampling scope 130；Or
Person, the processing unit 15 is every prefixed time interval, and sampling scope 130 or image can be set by directly reselecting at least one
Maximum the setting of characteristic value samples scope 130.In addition, it is described set sampling scope 130 for example can be in each system boot
When or be to be chosen when terminating resting state, or can be chosen according to the instruction of user.
In summary, it is known that optical mouse can not exclude assembly error and be likely to occur nothing in different operating surface operation
Method is properly received causes the situation of maloperation from working surface reflected light.The present invention also proposes a kind of displacement detector
（Fig. 3 to 5）, it is by using the larger image sensing arrays of area and selection can set sampling scope, due to using only part
The obvious pixel coverage of characteristics of image is calculated, thus can effectively be overcome assembly error and be applicable to different worksheets
Face.
Although the present invention is disclosed with aforementioned embodiments, so it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any present invention is affiliated
Those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various variations and modification.Therefore this hair
What bright protection domain should be limited by appended claims is defined.
Claims (18)
1. a kind of displacement detector, the displacement detector is included：
Light source, for illuminating working surface with a projecting direction；
Image sensor, for obtaining the reflected light of the working surface with output image frame；And
Processing unit, exceedes the one of default characteristic value in the described image frame that described image sensor is exported according to characteristics of image
Individual or multiple pixel coverages select at least one to set sampling scope, ignore the described image frame of described image sensor output
Described in can set sampling scope beyond pixel coverage, according to described image sensor export two described image frames in point
The displacement for setting correlation displacement sensing device to calculate between sampling scope not selected,
Wherein, institute's displacement sensing device can set sampling scope according to different working surface adjustment described image frames
Position.
2. displacement detector according to claim 1, wherein described image are characterized as image quality or brightness of image.
3. displacement detector according to claim 1, wherein when the described image feature of described image frame is respectively less than institute
When stating default characteristic value, described image sensor is also performed deducts D. C. value and will be through deducting the D. C. value by analog image frame
Analog image frame the step of be amplified, then export described image frame.
4. displacement detector according to claim 1, wherein described image sensor include rectangular image sensing
Array, the length direction of described image sensing array extends to the direction of the horizontal component of the projecting direction.
5. displacement detector according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit according to different also to that can set
Surely the uniformity of the displacement of sampling range computation is compared.
6. a kind of displacement detector, the displacement detector is included：
Light source, for illuminating working surface with a projecting direction；
Image sensor, comprising image sensing arrays, adder unit and analog/digital unit,
Described image senses array, for obtaining the reflected light of the working surface to export the first analog image frame；
The adder unit, subtracts D. C. value to export the second analog image frame by the first analog image frame；And
The analog/digital unit, amplifies the second analog image frame and the second analog image frame is converted into numeral
Picture frame；And
Processing unit, exceedes default characteristic value in the digital image frames that described image sensor is exported according to characteristics of image
One or more pixel coverages select at least one to set sampling scope, ignore described image sensor output the number
The pixel coverage beyond sampling scope can be set described in word picture frame, and according to two of described image sensor output
The position for setting correlation displacement sensing device to calculate between sampling scope selected respectively in digital image frames
Shifting amount,
Wherein, institute's displacement sensing device can set sampling scope according to different working surface adjustment described image frames
Position.
7. displacement detector according to claim 6, wherein the D. C. value is the flat of the second analog image frame
Equal brightness or offset.
8. displacement detector according to claim 6, wherein described image are characterized as image quality or brightness of image.
9. displacement detector according to claim 6, wherein described image sensing array are rectangle, described image sense
The length direction for surveying array extends to the direction of the horizontal component of the projecting direction.
10. the size of displacement detector according to claim 6, wherein described image sensing array is 32 × 128.
11. displacement detector according to claim 6, wherein the processing unit according to difference also to that can set
The uniformity for sampling the displacement of range computation is compared.
12. a kind of displacement detector, the displacement detector is included：
Light source, for illuminating working surface with a projecting direction；
Image sensor, for obtaining the reflected light of the working surface with output image frame；And
Processing unit, the characteristics of image of the described image frame exported in described image sensor exceed one of default characteristic value or
Image feature value maximum is selected in multiple pixel coverages sets sampling scope, ignores the described of described image sensor output
The pixel coverage beyond sampling scope, and two figures exported according to described image sensor can be set described in picture frame
The displacement of correlation displacement sensing device to calculate between sampling scope can be set as described in being selected respectively in frame,
Wherein, institute's displacement sensing device can set sampling scope according to different working surface adjustment described image frames
Position.
13. displacement detector according to claim 12, wherein described image characteristic value are that image quality or image are bright
Degree.
14. displacement detector according to claim 12, wherein described image sensor include rectangular image sense
Array is surveyed, the length direction of described image sensing array extends to the direction of the horizontal component of the projecting direction.
15. displacement detector according to claim 12, wherein the processing unit is then counted every prefixed time interval
The described image characteristic value of sampling scope can be set described in calculating.
16. displacement detector according to claim 15, wherein when the described image for setting sampling scope is special
When value indicative is less than the default characteristic value, reselect image feature value maximum sets sampling scope.
17. displacement detector according to claim 12, wherein the processing unit is every prefixed time interval, again
Select image feature value maximum sets sampling scope.
18. displacement detector according to claim 12, wherein when the described image characteristic value of described image frame is small
When the default characteristic value, described image sensor is also performed deducts D. C. value and will be described straight through deducting by analog image frame
The step of analog image frame of flow valuve is amplified, then export described image frame.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210211992.3A CN103513791B (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2012-06-21 | Displacement detector |
| US13/858,131 US9269148B2 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-04-08 | Displacement detection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210211992.3A CN103513791B (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2012-06-21 | Displacement detector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103513791A CN103513791A (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| CN103513791B true CN103513791B (en) | 2017-08-08 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210211992.3A Active CN103513791B (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2012-06-21 | Displacement detector |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10627518B2 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2020-04-21 | Pixart Imaging Inc | Tracking device with improved work surface adaptability |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200725377A (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-07-01 | Pixart Imaging Inc | Displacement estimation method and device |
| TW200741578A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-01 | Hsin-Chia Shen | Remote gauge billing system |
| TWI397003B (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2013-05-21 | Pixart Imaging Inc | Image processing method for optical navigator and optical navigator using the same |
| TWI396116B (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2013-05-11 | Pixart Imaging Inc | Displacement detecting apparatus and method |
| TWI423169B (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2014-01-11 | Pixart Imaging Inc | Displacement detecting device and displacement detecting method thereof |
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