Electrode barium titanate clad nano nickel powder and preparation method thereof in laminated ceramic capacitor
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrode barium titanate clad nano nickel powder and preparation method thereof in a kind of laminated ceramic capacitor.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of electronic industry, new function ceramic components is constantly to miniaturization, high capacity, high reliability and cost degradation future development.The laminated ceramic capacitor (MLCC) that the barium titanate of take is matrix is a wherein important class.The laminated ceramic capacitor (MLCC) that the barium titanate of take is matrix is in order to adapt to people to MLCC low cost, miniaturization, jumbo requirement, must reduce the sintering temperature of dielectric materials, improve its specific inductivity and the warm stability that is situated between, for this reason, vast researcher has been done a large amount of research work, be devoted to research and using cheap Ni and replace the electrodes in base metal laminated ceramic capacitor that the precious metals such as platinum, palladium are end electrode as inner electrode, the copper of take, reduce the cost of MLCC.
But in base metal inner electrode multilayer ceramic capacitor sintering procedure, exist inner electrode nickel powder oxidized and cause conduction bad, interior electrode nickel slurry and the Shrinkage behavior of ceramic dielectric layer in sintering process do not mate and make MLCC easily produce two problems of layered structure defect.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the Ni-BaTiO that a kind of laminated ceramic capacitor base metal (nickel) inner electrode has core-shell structure
3composite granule and preparation method thereof.
Ni-BaTiO provided by the present invention
3composite granule is comprised of the nano barium phthalate layer of nickel powder and coated described nickel powder; Wherein, the massfraction of nickel powder is 85~96%, and the massfraction of nano barium phthalate layer is 4~15%.
The size of described nickel powder specifically can be 50~200nm, and the thickness of nano barium phthalate layer is 2.5~25nm.
Described Ni-BaTiO
3the oxidation onset temperature of composite granule can reach more than 370 ℃; Shrinking starting temperature can reach more than 730 ℃.
Above-mentioned Ni-BaTiO
3composite granule is, by Chemical coating method, barium titanate is evenly coated on to nickel particle surface, the Ni-BaTiO with good oxidation-resistance and sintering character preparing
3core-shell structure composite granule.
Specifically can be divided into following two kinds of methods:
(1) scheme (preparation flow is shown in Fig. 1) of the coated hydrothermal crystallizing of normal pressure:
Nickel powder, tetrabutyl titanate and trolamine, glycerine, polyoxyethylene glycol are joined in solvent, obtain mixing solutions; Described mixing solutions is carried out to supersound process nickel powder is uniformly dispersed, then drip wherein baryta water, after dropwising, be heated to 25~100 ℃ of reaction 4~8h, obtain BaTiO
3non-crystallized Ni-BaTiO
3core-shell structured composite nano powder; Adopt again hydrothermal method to make Ni-BaTiO
3core-shell structured composite nano powder carries out crystallization, obtains the good Ni-BaTiO of crystallization
3core-shell structured composite nano powder.
Wherein, described solvent be selected from following at least one: DEG (glycol ether), Virahol, n-propyl alcohol and propyl carbinol.
In described supersound process, ultrasonic power can be 50~400W, and ultrasonic time can be 10~60 minutes.
BaTiO
3after coated Ni powder, BaTiO
3crystallization effect is not clearly, and this programme adopts hydrothermal method to carry out in water heating kettle, BaTiO
3obtained fine crystallization.The temperature of described crystallization is 140~240 ℃, and the time is 4~12 hours.
(2) scheme (preparation flow is shown in Fig. 7) of the coated crystallization of normal pressure:
Nickel powder, tetrabutyl titanate and trolamine, glycerine, polyoxyethylene glycol are joined in solvent, obtain mixing solutions; Described mixing solutions is carried out to supersound process nickel powder is uniformly dispersed, then drip wherein deionized water, stirring reaction 4~8h, obtains coated TiO
2nickel powder; Again by described coated TiO
2nickel powder join in deionized water, and add baryta water wherein, be heated to 60~100 ℃ of reaction 4~12h, obtain Ni-BaTiO
3core-shell structured composite nano powder.
Wherein, described solvent be selected from following at least one: DEG (glycol ether), Virahol, n-propyl alcohol and propyl carbinol.
In above-mentioned two kinds of methods, the size of described nickel powder can be 50-200nm.
The add-on of described trolamine is the 0.4-10% of nickel powder quality.
The volume ratio of the add-on of described solvent and glycerine add-on is 100: 2-10.
The weight-average molecular weight of described polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG) specifically can be 6000-20000.
The add-on of described polyoxyethylene glycol (PEG) is the 0.5-8% of nickel powder quality.
The mol ratio of described nickel powder and tetrabutyl titanate is 22.5-95: 1.
In the preparation method of the coated hydrothermal crystallizing of normal pressure, hydrated barta and tetrabutyl titanate are according to Ba/Ti mol ratio 1.0-2.0: 1 ratio adds.
In the preparation method of the coated crystallization of normal pressure, hydrated barta and tetrabutyl titanate are according to Ba/Ti mol ratio 1.0-8.0: 1 ratio adds.
Described two kinds of methods all also comprise the Ni-BaTiO to obtaining
3the step that core-shell structured composite nano powder cleans and dries.
Concrete purging method is as follows: by described Ni-BaTiO
3ethanol and acetic acid repetitive scrubbing for core-shell structured composite nano powder; The method of described oven dry is as follows: under 70~90 ℃ of temperature condition, carry out vacuum-drying.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: adopt the two schemes of the coated hydrothermal crystallizing of normal pressure and the coated crystallization of normal pressure in the coated barium titanate layer of nickel powder particle surface, nickel powder is carried out to surface modification, the Ni-BaTiO preparing
3core-shell structured composite nano powder, coating layer is homogeneously crystallized good, has good oxidation-resistance and sintering character.Oxidation onset temperature can reach more than 370 ℃, before coated, has not improved 100~150 ℃; Shrink starting temperature and can reach more than 730 ℃, before coated, do not improved 300 ℃~600 ℃.The Ni-BaTiO preparing
3core-shell structured composite nano powder is applicable to the inner electrode of laminated ceramic capacitor.Compare two schemes, normal pressure is coated hydrothermal crystallizing option b aTiO
3the covered effect of coated Ni powder is more satisfactory, BaTiO
3crystallization effect is fine, but need under this high-pressure situations of water heating kettle, realize; Normal pressure is coated crystallization scheme, BaTiO
3the covered effect of coated Ni powder is more satisfactory, and has good anti-oxidant and sintering character, especially crystallization environment and only need under normal pressure, just can realize, and is very beneficial for the large production of industrialization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the coated hydrothermal crystallizing scheme of normal pressure is prepared Ni-BaTiO
3the schema of core-shell structured composite nano powder;
Fig. 2 is the Ni-BaTiO that the coated hydrothermal crystallizing scheme of normal pressure prepares
3the XRD figure of core-shell structured composite nano powder;
Fig. 3 is the Ni-BaTiO that the coated hydrothermal crystallizing scheme of normal pressure prepares
3the TEM figure of core-shell structured composite nano powder;
Fig. 4 is the Ni-BaTiO that the coated hydrothermal crystallizing scheme of normal pressure prepares
3core-shell structured composite nano powder through after water heating kettle crystallization TEM figure;
Fig. 5 is the Ni-BaTiO that the coated hydrothermal crystallizing scheme of normal pressure prepares
3the thermal expansion graphic representation of core-shell structured composite nano powder;
Fig. 6,7 is respectively the Ni-BaTiO that the coated hydrothermal crystallizing scheme of normal pressure prepares
3the TG figure of core-shell structured composite nano powder and DTA figure;
Fig. 8 is that the scheme of the coated crystallization of normal pressure is prepared Ni-BaTiO
3the schema of core-shell structured composite nano powder;
Fig. 9 is the Ni-BaTiO that the scheme of the coated crystallization of normal pressure prepares
3the XRD figure of core-shell structured composite nano powder;
Figure 10 is the Ni-BaTiO that the scheme of the coated crystallization of normal pressure prepares
3the TEM figure of core-shell structured composite nano powder;
Figure 11 is the Ni-BaTiO that the scheme of the coated crystallization of normal pressure prepares
3the thermal expansion graphic representation of core-shell structured composite nano powder.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, method of the present invention is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Experimental technique described in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is ordinary method; Described reagent and material, if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Embodiment 1, the coated hydrothermal crystallization method of normal pressure are prepared Ni-BaTiO
3core-shell structure composite granule
The solvent that the present embodiment adopts is Virahol (100ml), Ni/BaTiO
3mass ratio is 96/4, to add in Virahol needed particle diameter be 100nm nickel powder (5g) and tetrabutyl titanate (0.0009mol) and trolamine (0.05g), glycerine (2ml), the weight-average molecular weight polyoxyethylene glycol (0.05g) that is 6000 afterwards, by ultrasonic wave (250W), mixing solutions is carried out ultrasonicly, the time is 40 minutes; Meanwhile, barium hydroxide is joined in deionized water and dissolved, then the aqueous solution of barium hydroxide (containing hydrated barta 0.0009mol) is slowly added drop-wise in above-mentioned mixing solutions, after dropwising, solution is heated to 80 ℃, after reaction 4-8h, pour out solution and dry, obtaining Ni-BaTiO
3core-shell structured composite nano powder.
Fig. 3 is the Ni-BaTiO preparing
3the TEM figure of core-shell structured composite nano powder.
As seen from the figure, BaTiO
3the coating thickness of coated Ni powder is 3.8nm, the homogeneity of coating layer is fine, after coated, antioxidant property has obtained good raising, anti-Shrinkage behavior in sintering process improves obvious, there is no the coated contraction starting temperature of Ni powder is before 417 ℃, and oxidation onset temperature is 251 ℃, after being coated, shrink starting temperature and increase to 631 ℃, oxidation onset temperature is 310 ℃.
From the XRD spectral line of Fig. 2, can find out, not occur BaTiO
3peak crystallization, illustrates BaTiO
3after coated Ni powder, BaTiO
3crystallization effect is not clearly.This programme adopts hydrothermal method to carry out in water heating kettle, through after 200 ℃, the reaction of 8h, and BaTiO
3peak crystallization is very obvious, BaTiO
3obtained fine crystallization.
Fig. 4 is Ni-BaTiO
3core-shell structured composite nano powder is through the TEM figure after water heating kettle crystallization.Fig. 5 is Ni-BaTiO before and after crystallization
3the thermal expansion graphic representation of core-shell structured composite nano powder.As shown in Figure 5, shrinking starting temperature has obtained further raising and has reached 730 ℃.Fig. 6,7 is respectively the Ni-BaTiO that the coated hydrothermal crystallizing scheme of normal pressure prepares
3the TG-DTA figure of core-shell structured composite nano powder.From Fig. 6,7, it is 374 ℃ that oxidation onset temperature is also further brought up to.
Embodiment 2, the coated crystallization legal system of normal pressure are for Ni-BaTiO
3core-shell structure composite granule
Coated process adopts normal pressure coated, after being coated, adopts normal pressure to carry out crystallization.
The solvent that the present embodiment adopts is propyl carbinol (100ml), Ni/BaTiO
3mass ratio is that 85/15, Ba/Ti mol ratio is 6.To add in solvent needed particle diameter be 150nm nickel powder (5g) and tetrabutyl titanate (0.0038mol) and trolamine (0.1g), glycerine (2ml), the weight-average molecular weight polyoxyethylene glycol (0.04g) that is 10000 afterwards, by ultrasonic wave (250W), to mixing solutions, carry out ultrasonic, time is 15 minutes, after complete, in solution, drip 2ml deionized water and stir always, reacting after 8 hours centrifugal the obtaining of reaction solution is coated to TiO
2nickel powder.By the coated TiO obtaining
2nickel powder join in deionized water, and to add 50ml concentration be the Ba (OH) of 0.1mol/L
28H
2the aqueous solution of O, is then heated to 100 ℃ (crystallization temperature) reaction 6-8h (crystallization time), obtains Ni-BaTiO
3core-shell structure composite granule, particle diameter is 172nm left and right.
Figure 10 is the Ni-BaTiO preparing
3the TEM figure of core-shell structured composite nano powder.Result shows BaTiO
3the homogeneity of the coating layer of coated Ni powder is better.From the XRD figure spectrum of Fig. 9, can find out BaTiO
3peak crystallization is very obvious, BaTiO
3crystallization effect is more satisfactory.Figure 11 is the Ni-BaTiO preparing
3the thermal expansion graphic representation of core-shell structured composite nano powder.As shown in Figure 11, it shrinks starting temperature and has reached 997 ℃, illustrates that its anti-Shrinkage behavior is very good.