CN103505284A - 能量收获系统、装置和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
电外科能量传输装置包括能量传输电路、控制电路和具有多个能量收获电路和向能量传输电路和/或控制电路提供调节的DC电压的电压调节器的能量收获系统。能量传输电路接收具有主频率的电外科能量信号并且选择性地向能量传输元件提供电外科能量信号。控制电路与能量传输电路连接,并且选择性地使得电外科能量能够流向能量传输元件。多个能量收获电路分别包含被调谐到特定的频率的能量收获天线、被配置为从能量收获天线接收RF信号、整流RF信号并产生DC信号的匹配电路和与电压调节器连接以接收并存储DC信号的能量存储装置。
Description
技术领域
本公开一般涉及对于诸如例如在用于向组织传输电外科能量的电外科能量传输系统中使用的电外科能量传输装置的功率装置收获电磁能。
背景技术
利用电外科能量的电外科能量传输系统和过程被设计,以安全地向目标组织传输电外科能量。可通过各种政府或工业规章或标准调节用于传输能量的能量传输操作或过程,诸如,例如,确保电外科设备不干涉其它的电子设备的用于医疗设备或电磁兼容(EMC)规章和标准的FCC规章和标准。工业标准可涉及病人安全,诸如,例如,在产生器与病人之间提供足够的电气隔离。因而,能量产生和传送装置被特别设计,以减少不希望的能量传输并使其最小化。
一种常用于在电外科产生器中确保病人安全的实际是在产生器与病人之间创建隔离屏障。例如,可以通过隔离产生器输出与大地提供病人隔离。也可通过诸如例如会在一个或多个预定的频率(例如,60Hz)下具有低的阻抗的变压器或电容器的各种一般接受的电路提供隔离屏障。
虽然提供电气隔离屏障的实践对于系统的能量传输方面一般是有效的,但是,这些技术、实践和电路不能有效地在产生器和DC电力电路与能量传输装置中的控制电路之间提供隔离。
在产生器与供电控制电路之间提供隔离的其它装置包含在能量传输装置中设置传输装置电源,以独立地向能量传输装置供电。例如,可对于能量传输装置设置电池(或其它适当的能量存储装置)或电力产生源,以在产生器与能量传输装置中的供电控制电路之间提供完全的电气隔离。但是,设置用于传输装置的单独的电源需要添加用于充电和/或充电监视的电路、用于防止当电源不适当地起作用或者不对于适当的操作提供足够的能量时使用的电路。另外,设置现成或定制DC电源或电力供给以提供电路隔离成本昂贵,由此增加每个产品总成本。
用于对于能量传输装置提供DC电力的另一系统和方法是,如下面教导的那样,收获设置在隔离的能量传输电路中的能量的一部分,以向能量传输装置中的供电的控制电路提供电力。
在诸如射频识别(RFID)系统、安全监视和远程感测等的大量的领域中,收获通过空气传送的用于向电子装置供电的RF能量是极其重要的。例如,RFID系统包含大量的射频标签或发射机应答器(RFID标签)和一个或多个射频读取器或询问器(RFID读取器)。RFID标签一般包含诸如互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)芯片的集成电路(IC)芯片和与其连接的用于允许RFID标签通过RF信号在空气接口上与RFID读取器通信的天线。在典型的RFID系统中,一个或多个RFID读取器询问RFID标签存储于其上面的信息,这些信息可以为例如识别号码、用户写入数据或感测的数据。
RFID标签一般分为无源标签或有源标签。无源RFID标签不具有内部电源。事实上,通过从RFID读取器进入的RF信号在无源RFID标签的天线中感应的电流提供足以使得标签中的IC芯片或多个芯片通电或者传送响应的电力。一种称为背散射技术的无源标签技术通过背散射从RFID读取器发送的载波信号产生信号。在美国专利6289237和6615074中描述的另一技术中,来自RFID读取器的RF能量通过天线/匹配电路/电荷泵组合被转换成DC电压。DC电压然后被用于在例如不同的频率下将向RFID读取器传送信息的处理器/传送器/天线组合供电。在任意的情况下,标签或硅裸片的区域是十分贵重的,因此,最有效地使用其上面的空间是有利的。
可以使用多个天线以从RF信号产生DC电压。例如,RFID标签可使用两个或更多个偶极天线,这里,从两个或更多个偶极天线中的一个产生的能量中的较大的一个是选择和使用的一个。但是,由于用于“失败者”天线的能量不被使用,因此,这没有有效地使用标签空间。
根据本公开的一些实施例的能量收获电路使用多个天线,使得每个天线被构建为接收具有RF频率范围的RF信号。用于天线的RF频率范围可以以特定的RF频率为中心,或者,天线或者多个天线可从范围较宽的频率收集能量。与各天线耦合的匹配网络和电路产生多个DC电压信号,并且,多个电压信号被组合,以产生用于将RFID标签或发射机应答器供电的组合DC电压。
RFID和/或换能器使用各种能量收获技术以识别特定的装置和/或将其供电,其中,标签/换能器接收从外面产生和传送的能量信号。因而,由能量收获电路产生的能量的量是可变的,并且依赖于换能器的强度和RFID和换能器之间的距离和传送的能量信号。
发明内容
参照附图详细地描述当前公开的微波天线组件的实施例,其中,类似的附图标记表示类似或相同的要素。如这里以及常规使用的那样,术语“远端”指的是最远离用户的部分,术语“近端”指的是最接近用户的部分。另外,诸如“之上”、“之下”、“向前”、“向后”等指的是附图的取向或部件的方向,并且,使用只是为了便于描述。
术语“能量”、“电外科能量”和“电外科能量信号”指的是广泛包括用于治疗组织的所有类型的能量,例如,RF能量、超声能量、微波能量、热能、光能等。术语“治疗”指的是通过使用能量对于组织执行外科治疗,例如,组织的加热、密封或通电切割,并且,术语“临床效果”指的是随后的治疗的结果。
本申请适用于使用能量收获技术和来自RFID领域的技术的电外科系统,其中,电外科系统的本质和目的是产生电外科能量并将其传输到病人组织。因而,电外科能量传输装置包括电外科能量传输电路和收获来自电外科能量传输电路的足够的能量以向电外科能量传输装置上的一个或多个功能供电并使其操作的能量收获电路。这里描述的利用能量收获电路的电外科系统通过消除连接于电外科产生器与电外科能量传输装置之间的控制电力连接和通信电路改善病人隔离并进一步提高病人安全性。
在本公开的一个方面中,一种电外科能量传输装置包括能量传输电路、控制电路和能量收获系统。能量传输电路被配置为从电外科能源接收电外科能量信号。电外科能量信号包含主频率,并且,能量传输电路选择性地向能量传输元件提供电外科能量信号。控制电路与能量传输电路操作连接并选择性地使得电外科能量能够流向能量传输元件。能量收获系统包含多个能量收获电路。每个能量收获电路包含调谐到特定的频率的能量收获天线、匹配电路、能量存储装置和电压调节器。各匹配电路在特定的频率下从相应的能量收获天线接收RF信号并且整流RF信号并产生DC信号。能量存储装置接收并存储DC信号,并且,电压调节器与能量存储装置连接并向能量传输电路和/或控制电路提供调节的DC电压。
能量收获电路可被调谐到电外科能源的主频率。其它的能量收获电路可以不被调谐到电外科能源的主频率。
在电外科能量传输装置的另一方面中,控制电路还包含被配置为在控制电路与电外科能源之间提供无线连接的通信电路。
在本公开的另一方面中,电外科能量传输装置包括能量传输电路、控制电路和控制能量收获系统。能量传输电路被配置为从电外科能源接收具有主频率的电外科能量信号,并选择性地向能量传输元件提供电外科能量信号。控制电路与能量传输电路连接,并且选择性使得电外科能量能够流向能量传输元件。控制能量收获系统包含多个能量收获电路。各能量收获电路包含被调谐到特定的频率的能量收获天线、在特定的频率下从能量收获天线接收RF信号并将其整流以产生DC信号的匹配电路和由DC信号控制并被配置为指示能量收获天线正在接收特定的频率的开关。开关向控制电路指示由能量收获天线接收特定的频率。
在电外科能量传输装置的另一方面中,各能量收获电路的特定的频率不同。在又一方面中,能量收获电路中的每一个的特定的频率不与主频率相同。电外科能量信号可包含大致等于任何能量收获电路的特定的频率的频率的能量。
在电外科能量传输装置的又一方面中,电外科能量信号包含与能量收获电路中的一个的特定的频率的至少一个对应的频率上的能量。
在本公开的又一方面中,能量收获电路包含被配置为在第一频率和第二频率下收获能量的电路。在第一频率下收获的能量产生用于将电气控制电路供电的DC电力信号。在第二频率下收获的能量检测嵌入用于控制电气控制电路的电外科能量信号中的一个或多个控制信号。
附图说明
这里参照附图描述本公开的各种实施例,其中,
图1是根据本公开的实施例的电外科能量传输系统的功能框图;
图2A是常规的电外科能量传输和控制电路的电气示意图;
图2B是根据本公开的实施例的利用能量收获系统的电气收获电外科能量传输系统的电气示意图;
图3是根据本公开的实施例的收获电路的电气示意图;
图4是根据本公开的实施例的包含能量收获阵列和能量收获控制电路的能量收获系统的电气示意图;
图5是根据本公开的另一实施例的包含能量收获阵列和能量收获控制电路的能量收获系统的替代性电路的电气示意图;
图6是根据本公开的另一实施例的被配置为从电外科能量信号收获控制信息的控制收获电路的电气示意图;
图7是包含与并行存储网络连接的能量收获阵列的又一能量收获系统的电气示意图。
具体实施方式
本公开涉及用于通过收获来自环境电磁场的能量产生用于向电气装置供电的能量的系统、方法和装置。环境电磁场包含从蜂窝电话天线和塔、Wi-Fi传送器、高压电力线、TV杆和其它来源发射的放射线。在这里描述的一个例子中,环境电磁场的收获向电外科装置提供电力。电力可被用于控制和/或控制电力,由此不需要向电外科装置提供控制和/或控制电力,并改善病人与电外科能量源之间的隔离。这里描述的环境电磁场收获可提供能量以向诸如远程环境感测系统、远程感测和控制装置、手表、可配戴电子器件、远程无线集线器和路由器和电池供电的电子装置的其它电气系统供电。在一些实施例中,装置对于更长的时间周期保持休眠(例如,睡眠和不使用),并且,收获的电磁场提供连续的能量供给,以将能量供给系统(例如,电池、燃料电池、电容器等)充电和/或再充电。
参照图1,电外科能量传输系统10包括通过传送线120与电外科产生器100连接的能量传输装置110。电外科产生器100和相应的能量传输装置100可被配置为传输RF频率范围中的RF能量信号或微波频率范围中的微波能量信号。虽然这里描述的实施例针对电外科能量信号和来自电外科能量信号的收获能量,但是,类似的收获技术可被使用以从电机械系统或机械系统(例如,超声和超声驱动装置)收获能量,或者可被使用以从光学系统(例如,激光器和/或可见光能量)收获能量。
传送线120被配置为从电外科产生器100向能量传输装置110传输能量信号。可基于由电外科产生器100产生的能量信号的类型选择用于传送线120的电缆的类型。例如,如果电外科产生器100和相应的能量传输装置110被配置为产生并传输微波能量信号,那么可对传送线120选择共轴电缆或其它的适当的波导。类似地,电外科产生器100和相应的能量传输装置110可被配置为产生并传输RF能量信号,并且,传送线120可以是任何适当的多导体能量传输电缆或共轴电缆。在另一实施例中,传送线120可被配置为向能量传输装置传送电气信号,并且,能量传输装置110可被配置为将电信号转换成驱动机械端部效应器(没有明确示出)的机械能量信号。在又一实施例中,传送线120是诸如光纤电缆的光学波导。
如图1所示,能量传输装置110在能量传输装置110的远端包含能量传输元件118。如图1所示,虽然可选择任何适当的能量传输元件118,但是,能量传输元件118可形成具有尖锐的尖端并被配置为在轴116的远端上刺穿组织的经皮装置。能量传输装置110可以是被配置为接收电外科能量信号并将电外科能量信号传送给病人组织180的任何适当的医疗装置。能量传输装置110的外壳136可容纳与能量传输电路110a和/或装置控制电路110b连接的开关50(参见图2B)。外壳135还可包含诸如附加的开关、指示器或操作员显示器(没有明确示出)的附加的控制硬件。
图2A是常规的电外科能量传输电路20a的电气示意图。电外科能量传输系统在本领域中是公知的,因此,电外科能量传输电路20a的完整的电气示意图被简化,并且仅包含描述本公开的电外科能量传输电路20a所需要的部分。常规的电外科传输路径包括通过传送线120的一个或多个导体连接的电外科产生器电路100a和装置能量传输电路110a。
电外科产生器电路100a包含产生电外科能量信号VRF的信号产生器140、电力隔离变压器130a和控制隔离变压器130b。一个或多个产生器控制信号164可通过控制隔离变压器130b在电外科产生器电路100a和产生器控制电路100a之间通过。产生器控制信号164可包含诸如启用/禁用、频率、功率、正持续期、脉冲宽度、占空因数和/或任何其它必要或希望的控制信号的参数。
通过信号产生器140产生的电外科能量信号VRF包含主频率成分,其中,主频率成分上的信号的能量产生希望的外科效果。主频率成分可与能量传输元件118的一种或更多种性能有关或者对于其被选择。电力隔离变压器130a可以是在没有直接电气接触的情况下从第一电路(微波能源VRF)向第二电路(传送线120和能量传输装置110)传送能量的任何适当的装置。控制隔离变压器130b可以是在没有直接电气接触的情况下从第一电路(产生器控制电路100b)向第二电路(传送线120的控制部分120b或装置控制电路110b)传送一个或多个控制信号的任何适当的装置。
电力隔离变压器130可包含从电力隔离变压器130a的病人侧(辅助130as)隔离电力隔离变压器130a的产生器侧(主130ap)上的电路的附加的电路。由于设备、能量传输的操作和/或用于传输能量的过程由各种政府或工业规章或规则调节,因此,产生器侧(主130ap)与病人侧(辅助130as)之间的适当的隔离是必须的。例如,存在用于微波设备或电磁兼容(EMC)规章和标准的FCC规章和标准,以确保微波设备不干涉其它的电子设备。另外,与安全有关的工业标准要求在产生器与个人(例如,病人和医疗人员)之间存在足够的电气隔离。工业标准的一些方面限制可在电外科过程中偶然释放的杂散电外科能量的量。
电力隔离变压器130a和控制隔离变压器仅表示为可用于电外科产生器100与连接能量传输装置的传送线120之间的电气隔离的适当的隔离装置的例子。电力隔离变压器130a和控制隔离变压器130b可被在没有直接电气接触(例如,通过感应耦合、电容耦合等…)的情况下从第一电路(电外科电力电路VRF)向第二电路(能量传输装置110的能量传输元件110a)传送能量信号的任何适当的装置替代。
这里作为例子提供电外科装置的电气隔离的原因是,为了提供更高的病人安全性,病人隔离由FCC规章授权。标准现有技术隔离装置只是不满足严格的对于隔离的FCC要求,由此必须开发用于在这里使用的特定的自定义隔离系统和/或装置。作为结果,在电外科系统中使用的隔离系统/装置常常是自定义设计的、昂贵的和笨重的。因而,通过不必提供用于控制信号和/或控制电力的病人隔离电路,大大简化电外科系统并降低成本,同时,由于不需要用于控制系统和/或控制电力的隔离系统,因此提供更高的安全性。
产生器控制电路100b包含向处理器142和系统20a的其它部分提供DC电力的DC电源141。例如,DC电源141通过传送线120的控制部分120b向能量传输装置110的装置控制电路110b提供DC电力。产生器控制电路110b还可包含通过传送线120的控制部分120b与装置控制电路110b连接的一个或多个控制信号(例如,控制-1、控制-2和控制-3)。
能量传输装置110包含能量传输电路110a和装置控制电路110b。能量传输电路110a从电力隔离变压器130a的病人侧(例如,辅助侧130as)接收电外科能量信号V1~V2。能量传输电路110a控制电外科能量信号V1~V2向能量传输元件118的流动,该能量传输元件118向病人组织传输电外科能量信号V1~V2。
在一个实施例中,能量传输元件118是在能量传输装置110的远端形成的烧蚀元件(没有明确示出)。烧蚀元件可包含被配置为以单极的方式和/或双极的方式传输电外科能量的一个或多个电极。作为替代方案,烧蚀元件可包含被配置为在微波频率范围上传送电外科能量信号V1~V2的天线,其中,烧蚀元件在一个或多个频率上共振。
在另一实施例中,能量传输元件118是在能量传输装置110的远端形成的端部效应器(没有明确示出)。端部效应器可包含被配置为密封和切割位于其间的组织的一个或多个相对的钳口部件对(没有明确示出)或被配置为向位于其间的组织传输一个或多个夹子(staple)的相对的钳口部件对。钳口部件还可包含被配置为以单极的方式和/或双极的方式传输电外科能量的一个或多个电极。
能量传输电路110a从装置控制电路110b接收一个或多个控制信号165。装置控制电路110b可提供使得能够启用和/或禁用电外科能量向能量传输元件118的流动的控制信号165。来自装置控制电路110b的控制信号165还可控制电外科能量信号的一个或多个特征(例如,电压、电流、功率、相位、能量传输持续期、脉冲宽度和/或持续期)。
为了防止向病人传送意外或不希望的电外科能量,传送线120的功率传送部分120a和控制传送部分120b与电外科产生器100电气隔离。
图2B是根据本公开的一个实施例的利用能量收获系统260的电气收获电外科能量传输系统30的电气示意图。电气收获电外科能量传输电路30的电气示意图被简化,并且仅包含描述根据本公开的电气收获电外科能量传输系统30所需要的部分。电气收获电外科能量传输系统包含电外科产生器200和能量收获传输装置210,其中,电外科产生器200仅向能量收获传输装置210提供电外科能量信号。能量收获传输装置210从任何适当的电磁能量信号收获能量,并被配置为产生用于能量收获传输装置210中的DC电力信号。
电外科能量信号路径包含通过传送线220中的一个或多个导体连接的电外科电力电路200a和装置能量传输电路210a。电外科电力电路200a包含产生器240和隔离变压器230。产生器240产生电外科能量信号VRF。功能与以上关于图2A描述的电力隔离变压器130a类似的电力隔离变压器230从传送线220和装置能量传输电路210a隔离电外科电力电路200a。
如以上关于电力隔离变压器130a讨论的那样,隔离变压器230仅表示为适当的产生器隔离装置的例子。产生器隔离变压器230可以是在没有诸如例如通过感应耦合或电容耦合的直接电气接触的情况下从第一电路(电外科电力电路200a)向第二电路(能量收获传输装置210的传送线220和装置能量传输电路210a)传送能量信号VRF的任何适当的装置。
产生器控制电路200b向电外科电力电路200a提供一个或多个控制信号。在一个实施例中,产生器控制电路200b通过无线通信网络221向能量收获传输装置210的装置控制电路210b提供控制信号。无线通信网络221包含产生器收发器221a和装置收发器221b。无线通信网络221使得不需要用于在产生器控制电路200b和能量收获传输装置210的装置控制电路210b之间传送控制信息的直接电气连接。
在另一实施例中,电外科电力电路200a从产生器控制电路220b接收信息信号。来自一个或多个信息信号的信息可集成到提供给装置能量传输电路210a的电外科能量信号中或者与其组合。电外科能量信号可被用作用于信息的载体信号,其中,信息被装置能量传输电路210a提取。也可通过向电外科能量信号添加一个或多个信号,在电外科能量信号内代表信息。添加到电外科能量信号的一个或多个信号包含一个或多个预选择的频率上的能量,其中,预选择的频率中的一个或多个与能量收获系统260的频率F1~F4对应(参见图3~5,256、356a~356d和456a~456d)。
可以使用其它的通信手段,以在产生器控制电路200b与装置控制电路210b之间提供间接的通信链接。
能量收获传输装置210包含装置能量传输电路210a和装置控制电路210b。装置能量传输电路210a从隔离变压器230的病人侧(辅助侧230S)接收电外科能量信号V1~V2。装置能量传输电路210a控制电外科能量信号V1~V2向能量传输元件218的流动,该能量传输元件218向病人组织传送电外科能量信号的至少一部分。
如以上关于图2A讨论的那样,能量传输元件218可以是被配置为传输电外科能量的烧蚀元件(例如,以单极或双极的方式配置的一个或多个电极和/或被配置为在微波频率范围上传送电外科能量信号V1~V2的天线)。能量传输元件218可包含在能量收获传输装置210的远端形成的端部效应器(例如,被配置为密封和/或切割位于其间的组织或被配置为向位于其间的组织传输一个或多个夹子的一个或多个相对的钳口部件对)。
能量收获传输装置210还包含根据本公开的实施例的能量收获系统260。能量收获系统260包含收获阵列260a和收获控制电路260b。收获阵列260a被配置为从诸如例如未调节或调节的电外科信号的任何适当的电外科信号收获能量。美国的未调节频率的例子包括具有约13.56MHz的频率的电磁信号、约902MHz~约928MHz的电磁信号、具有约2.4GHz的频率的电磁信号、约4GHz~约6GHz的电磁信号和约21GHz~约23GHz的电磁信号。未调节频率在国家之间不同,并且可占据不同的频带。
调节频率的例子包括供特定的装置和系统使用的分配频率,比如,这些装置和系统是移动电话、无绳家庭电话、车库门打开装置、汽车钥匙遥控器、广播电视和音频、标准时间广播、雷达(例如,车辆速度、空中交通和天气)、移动无线电、全球定位系统(GPS)导航、卫星TV广播、微波炉、蓝牙、Wifi、Zigbee、RFID装置(例如,活动徽章、护照、无线汽油代用币、非接触信用卡和产品标签)、收费公路支付车辆应答器、无线电控制装置(例如,模型飞机和车辆)和无线麦克风和音乐设备。
调节和未调节信号在各种频率上的丰度和可用性向能量收获系统260提供许多可用的能源。在一些实施例中,收获阵列260a可包含于装置能量传输电路210a中(例如,接近它),并且可被配置为从电外科能量信号收获能量。在其它的实施例中,收获控制电路260b可以是装置控制电路210b的一部分或者在其中形成,或者可以是单独的电路并被配置为从任何一个或多个调节和未调节频带收获能量。收获控制电路260b从收获阵列260a接收收获的能量并将收获的能量的至少一部分转换成向装置控制电路260b的剩余部分(例如,控制电路275和/或通信电路270)供电的电力信号。
在一些实施例中,收获控制电路260b可被配置为从自由空间收获调节和未调节的信号,并因此不需要接近电外科能量传送系统的任何部分。否则,包含于调节和未调节的信号和环境电气噪声信号中并被收获控制电路260b收获的能量会是浪费的能量。收获控制电路260b收集未使用的能量并将收集的能量转换成可用的能量状态(例如,DC电压)。
在一些实施例中,收获阵列260a可被配置为从电外科能量信号收获信息。例如,可在某个频率上或在频率范围中从收获的信号中的一个或多个的强度和/或相位获得信息。也可从强度、相位和/或两个或更多个收获的信号之间的比获得或提取信息。
装置控制电路210b从收获控制电路260b接收调节的DC电力信号。装置控制电路210b向装置能量传输电路210a提供一个或多个控制信号265。装置控制电路210b的通信电路270可通过无线通信网络221的装置收发器221b和产生器收发器221a向产生器控制电路200b提供一个或多个信息信号和/或控制信号。
能量传输电路210a从装置控制电路210b接收一个或多个控制信号265。装置控制电路210b可提供使得能够启用和/或禁用电外科能量向能量传输元件218的流动的信号作为控制信号265的一个信号。例如,在一个实施例中,装置控制电路210b可通过控制信号265提供选择性地启用/禁用能量传输电路210a的DC信号,该能量传输电路210a选择性地向能量传输元件218提供电外科能量信号。来自装置控制电路210b的控制信号265还可控制电外科能量信号的一个或多个特征(例如,电压、电流、功率、相位、能量传输持续期、脉冲宽度和/或持续期)。
图3是根据本公开的实施例的整流天线能量收获电路250(硅整流二极管天线250)的简化电气示意图。可以在图2B和图4~7所示的能量收获系统260中或者作为其一部分使用天线250。天线250包含能量收获天线256、匹配电路252、能量存储装置(例如,电池254)和电压调节器258。天线250在第一频率F1上收获能量,将能量转换成整流的DC信号、存储整流的DC信号的至少一部分,并将整流的DC电势转换成调节的DC功率输出VDC。
能量收获天线256与匹配电路252操作耦合。能量收获天线256和匹配电路252被调谐到第一频率F1,其中,能量收获天线256响应第一频率F1,并产生提供给匹配电路252的电气信号。匹配电路252包含在第一频率F1上与能量收获天线256阻抗匹配并适于从由能量收获天线256提供的信号产生整流的DC信号的整流器D1252a和电容器C1252b。整流的DC信号被提供给能量存储装置(例如,电池254)。
整流器D1252a在图3~7中被示为肖特基二极管。整流电路在现有技术中是公知的,并且,可以利用任何适当的整流电路。如这里解释的那样,整流器D1252a可对于短期存储与电容器C1252b耦合,可对于长期存储与电池254耦合,或者可对于短期和长期存储与电容器C1252b和电池254耦合。
匹配电路252还可包含放大来自能量收获天线256的电信号由此向能量存储装置(例如,电池254)提供放大的信号的电荷泵或者类似的放大电路。电荷泵在现有技术中是公知的,并且可包含一个或多个放大段。
电压调节器258被配置为向图2B所示的能量收获传输装置210的装置能量传输电路210a和/或装置控制电路210b提供调节的电压输出VDC。
在一些实施例中,能量收获天线256是具有能够从频率范围接收能量信号的频率范围的宽带、多带和/或宽频带天线。可对于调节和未调节的频率的可用性选择频率范围,并且/或者,可对于环境噪声中的能量模式选择频率范围。
一种特定的天线是分形天线。分形天线是能够在分形天线的频率范围内接收能量信号的小型多带和/或宽带天线。分形天线也可被配置为在分形天线的频率范围内的特定的频率上接收能量信号。
图4和图5是包含具有相应的匹配电路354、452和能量存储装置(例如,电池354、454)的能量收获阵列356、456的能量收获电路350、450的电气示意图。在图4中,存储装置(例如,电池354)被接线为串联电路,并与电压调节器358连接,该电压调节器358产生从中输出的调节电压VDC。在图5中,存储装置(例如,电池454)被接线为并联电路,并与电压调节器458连接,并且,电压调节器458产生从中输出的调节电压VDC。
在图4中,能量收获天线356a~356d中的每一个和相应的匹配电路352a~352d匹配到频率F1~F4。具体而言,能量收获天线356a和匹配电路352a匹配到第一频率F1。能量收获天线356b和匹配电路352b匹配到第二频率F2。能量收获天线356c和匹配电路352c匹配到第三频率F3。最后,能量收获天线356d和匹配电路352d匹配到第四频率F4。频率F1~F4可以是特定的频率或特定的频率范围。
在图5中,能量收获天线456a~456d中的每一个和相应的匹配电路452a~452d匹配到频率F1~F4。具体而言,能量收获天线456a和匹配电路452a匹配到第一频率F1。能量收获天线456b和匹配电路452b匹配到第二频率F2。能量收获天线356c和匹配电路452c匹配到第三频率F3。最后,能量收获天线456d和匹配电路452d匹配到第四频率F4。
图4和图5分别示出包含具有调谐到频率F1~F4的相应的匹配电路352a~352d、452a~452d的四(4)个能量收获天线356a~356d、456a~456d的能量收获天线阵列356、456。能量收获电路350、450可包含分别调谐到某频率和/或频率范围的具有相应的电路的任意数量的天线。
包含能量收获天线阵列356、456和/或包含于其中的各单个电路的能量收获系统260可从各种来源收获能量,可从相同的来源或它们的任意的组合收获能量。各来源可包含一个或多个频率,并且可向能量收获天线356a~356d、456a~456d中的一个或多个提供能量。
在一个实施例中,能量收获天线阵列356、456被调谐为在等于产生希望的外科效果的主频率的频率上收获能量。因而,能量收获系统260被配置为收获提供的用于在能量传输中产生希望的外科效果的能量的一部分。能量收获系统260也可被配置为在能量收获传输装置210不提供外科效果时收获泄漏能量,由此减少由能量收获传输装置210传送的泄漏能量的量。
在另一实施例中,能量收获天线阵列356、456中的天线中的一个或多个被调谐为从噪声(例如,系统噪声和/或环境噪声)收获能量。因而,能量收获传输装置210的能量收获系统260可向一个或多个存储装置(例如,电池354a~354d、454a~454d)提供周期性的涓流电流。
在又一实施例中,能量收获天线阵列356、456中的天线356a~356d、456a~456d中的一个或多个被调谐到作为不希望的副产品或能量收获传输装置210的能量传输结果产生的频率。例如,被配置为通过微波能量信号产生外科效果的能量收获传输装置210可在主频率的奇谐波频率上产生不希望的能量。能量收获天线阵列356、456可包含调谐为在这些谐波频率上收获不希望的能量由此减少会由于谐波产生另外出现的泄漏的一个或多个天线。
能量收获天线阵列356、456可从范围广泛的频率收获能量。频率可被选择以通过产生涓流电荷保持电池电力,频率可被选择以在装置的操作中产生能量,频率可被选择以减少不希望的泄漏能量,由此增加装置的病人安全性,或者为它们的任意的组合。
能量收获天线356a~356d和456a~456d可被配置为在范围广泛的频率上收获能量。例如,各频率F1~F4可包含频率范围,并且,每个频率范围可包含它们的重叠部分。因而,能量收获传输装置可允许收集环境RF场、由电外科电力电路200a产生的主频率以及与开关电源、微处理器时钟和环境噪声相关的低水平能量。
能量收获传输装置210能够从会另外未使用的环境或杂散电子信号捕获、收获和存储能量。因而,能量收获传输装置210能够在不从外部电源接收能量的情况下保持和重新获得能量。
图6是根据本公开的另一实施例的被配置为从电外科能量信号收获控制信息的控制收获电路550的电气示意图。与图4和图5的能量收获阵列356、456和匹配电路352、452类似,控制收获电路550包含能量收获阵列556和匹配电路552。匹配电路552a~552d的各单个输出向相应的控制晶体管554~554d提供相应的门信号。选通控制晶体管554a~554d将相应的控制信号V1~V4从VDC迁移到大地。
在使用中,各天线556a~556d被调谐到某频率或频率范围,其中,暴露于具有调谐的频率或频率范围的信号激励天线,由此产生能量。参照图2B,产生器控制电路200b向产生器240提供一个或多个控制信号。产生器240在主频率上产生用于产生希望的临床效果的电外科能量信号。另外,产生器240如果被构建则向电外科能量信号添加具有与天线556a~556d中的一个或多个的频率F1~F4对应的一个或多个频率或频率范围上的能量的一个或多个附加的信号。
电外科能量信号通过传送电缆220被提供给装置能量传输电路210a。调谐到一个或多个附加信号(由来自产生器控制电路220b的控制信号指示)的频率F1~F4的相应的天线556a~556d从能量信号收获能量,并将收获的能量提供给相应的匹配电路552a~552d。提供给匹配电路552a~552d中的一个或多个的信号在相应的电容器C1~C4上构建电荷。当电容器上的电压超出相应的晶体管554a~554d的门电压时,晶体管打开,并且,控制信号V1~V4上的电压从VDC迁移到大地。控制信号V1~V4被提供给装置控制电路210b的控制电路275,由此从电外科产生器200向能量收获传输装置210提供控制信息。
图7是包含具有与存储网络(例如,电容器753和能量存储装置754)并联连接的相应的匹配电路752a~752d的能量收获阵列756的又一能量收获电路750的电气示意图。存储网络可以是能够从能量收获阵列756和匹配电路752接收和存储电气能量的任何适当的电路。在一个实施例中,存储网络至少包含电容器和能量存储装置(例如,一个或多个电池754)。存储网络(例如,电容器753和能量存储装置754)与电压调节器358连接,并且,电压调节器358产生调节的电压输出VDC。
图4、图5和图7所示的能量收获电路350、450和750和图6所示的控制收获电路550可被组合以形成收获用于产生DC电力信号的能量并且还收获用于检测通过电外科产生器200嵌入电外科能量信号中的一个或多个控制信号的能量的能量和控制收获电路。
从本公开可以理解,根据本公开的一个或多个实施例的利用能量收获系统260的电气收获电外科能量传输系统30仅在电外科产生器200与能量收获传输装置210之间提供一个物理连接(例如,提供电外科能量信号的传送线220)。由于从电外科能量信号(或这里讨论的其它信号)收获用于使能量收获传输装置210操作的DC控制电力并且通过无线通信网络221转送或者从电外科能量信号收获控制信息,因此,能量收获传输装置210不需要用于DC控制电力和/或控制信号的直接连接。
电外科产生器200与病人(例如,能量收获传输装置210)之间的隔离由隔离变压器230或其它的隔离装置控制。因而,直接由例如为隔离变压器230的隔离装置控制病人隔离,并因此控制病人安全性。
另外,能量收获系统260可利用各种的一个或多个信号以收获诸如例如RF干涉、环境噪声、系统噪声、不希望谐波或它们的任意的组合的能量以产生电力。因而,这些不希望的信号实际增加能量收获传输装置210可用的电力。
虽然在附图中表示并且/或者在这里讨论了本公开的几个实施例,但是,由于本公开要具有本领域允许的宽度范围并且说明书要以类似的方式被阅读,因此,不是要将本公开限于此。因此,以上的描述不应被解释为限制,而仅解释为特定实施例的例示。在所附的权利要求的范围和精神内,本领域技术人员可以设想其它的修改。
Claims (13)
1.一种电外科能量传输装置,包括:
被配置为从电外科能源接收电外科能量信号的能量传输电路,电外科能量信号具有主频率,能量传输电路被配置为选择性地向能量传输元件提供电外科能量信号;
与能量传输电路操作连接并被配置为选择性地使得电外科能量能够流向能量传输元件的控制电路;和
能量收获系统,包含:
多个能量收获电路,多个能量收获电路中的每一个包含:
调谐到特定的频率的能量收获天线;
被配置为在特定的频率下从能量收获天线接收RF信号的匹配电路,匹配电路被配置为整流RF信号并产生DC信号;和
被配置为接收并存储DC信号的能量存储装置;和
与能量存储装置连接并被配置为向能量传输电路和控制电路中的至少一个提供调节的DC电压的电压调节器。
2.根据权利要求1的电外科能量传输装置,其中,多个能量收获电路中的至少一个被调谐到电外科能源的主频率。
3.根据权利要求1的电外科能量传输装置,其中,控制电路还包含:
被配置为在控制电路与电外科能源之间提供无线连接的通信电路。
4.根据权利要求1的电外科能量传输装置,其中,多个能量收获电路不被调谐到电外科能源的主频率。
5.一种用于电外科能量传输的系统,包括:
被配置为产生并传输具有主频率的电外科能量信号的电外科产生器,该电外科产生器包含:
产生器控制电路;和
产生器收发器,
具有第一端和第二端的传送线,第一端被配置为从电外科产生器接收电外科信号;和
与传送线的第二端连接并被配置为从其接收电外科能量信号的电外科能量传输装置,电外科能量传输装置包含:
被配置为选择性地向能量传输元件提供电外科能量信号的能量传输电路;
与能量传输电路操作连接并被配置为选择性地使得电外科能量能够流向能量传输元件的装置控制电路;
装置收发器;和
被配置为向装置控制电路和装置收发器提供电力信号的能量收获系统,能量收获系统包含:
被配置为收获来自电磁信号的能量的收获天线阵列;和
被配置为从收获天线阵列接收收获的能量并将收获的能量的至少一部分转换成电力信号的收获控制电路,
其中,控制信号在产生器收发器与装置收发器之间被无线传送。
6.根据权利要求5的电外科能量传输系统,其中,收获控制电路还包含:
被配置为接收并存储收获的能量的至少一部分的能量存储装置;和
向装置控制电路和装置收发器提供电力信号作为调节的DC电压信号的电压调节器。
7.根据权利要求5的电外科能量传输系统,其中,电外科能量信号选自RF能量、超声能量、微波能量、热能和光能的组。
8.根据权利要求5的电外科能量传输系统,其中,收获天线阵列还包含:
多个能量收获电路,多个能量收获电路中的每一个包含:
调谐到特定的频率的能量收获天线;和
被配置为在特定的频率下从能量收获天线接收RF信号的匹配电路,匹配电路被配置为整流RF信号并产生DC信号。
9.根据权利要求8的电外科能量传输系统,其中,多个能量收获电路中的每一个的特定的频率不同。
10.根据权利要求9的电外科能量传输系统,其中,多个能量收获电路中的每一个的特定的频率不与主频率相等。
11.根据权利要求5的电外科能量传输系统,其中,电外科能量信号是微波频率范围中的微波能量信号,并且,传送线是波导。
12.根据权利要求5的电外科能量传输系统,其中,电外科能量信号是RF频率范围中的RF能量信号。
13.根据权利要求5的电外科能量传输系统,其中,电外科能量信号是光能信号,并且,传送线是光学传送线。
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CN203408099U (zh) | 2014-01-29 |
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US20190059976A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
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