CN103500816A - Carbon solid acid and silane-doped lithium titanate phosphate three-component surface-modified FeF3 anode material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon solid acid and silane-doped lithium titanate phosphate three-component surface-modified FeF3 anode material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103500816A CN103500816A CN201310460227.XA CN201310460227A CN103500816A CN 103500816 A CN103500816 A CN 103500816A CN 201310460227 A CN201310460227 A CN 201310460227A CN 103500816 A CN103500816 A CN 103500816A
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- carbon solid
- fef3
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- silane
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- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical class F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OUWHFNSCTSNLPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Ti].P(O)(O)(O)=O Chemical compound [Li].[Ti].P(O)(O)(O)=O OUWHFNSCTSNLPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ROWWCTUMLAVVQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilylmethanamine Chemical class CCO[Si](CN)(OCC)OCC ROWWCTUMLAVVQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VELDVSSSOKBHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[1-[diethoxy(methyl)silyl]oxyethyl]aniline Chemical group CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OC(C)NC1=CC=CC=C1 VELDVSSSOKBHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZDZYGYFHTPFREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-aminopropyl(dimethoxy)silyl]oxypropan-1-amine Chemical compound NCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OCCCN ZDZYGYFHTPFREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 abstract 4
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910010556 LiFeF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011532 electronic conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 iron ion Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010710 LiFePO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013292 LiNiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MKGYHFFYERNDHK-UHFFFAOYSA-K P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ti+4].[Li+] MKGYHFFYERNDHK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAUUZASCMSWKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese nickel Chemical compound [Mn].[Ni] ZAUUZASCMSWKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/582—Halogenides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon solid acid and silane-doped lithium titanate phosphate three-component surface-modified FeF3 anode material and a preparation method thereof. The FeF3 anode material is characterized by being obtained by performing ball-milling on sulfonated carbon solid acid, amino-silane, silicon and aluminium-doped lithium titanate phosphate Li1.3Al0.1Ti1.9Si0.2P2.8O12, and synthesis materials in a high-energy ball mil for a period of time, and performing heat treatment; the sulfonated carbon solid acid is coordinated with FeF3 ferric ions by virtue of a sulfonic group to form firm combination, the sulfonated carbon solid acid is a good conductor for electrons, and conducive to form a complete conducting chain; Li1.3Al0.1Ti1.9Si0.2P2.8O12 is a good conductor for lithium ions, in order to ensure close contact between Li1.3Al0.1Ti1.9Si0.2P2.8O12 and the FeF3 material, and form a complete lithium ion conducting chain, the electron conducting agent, namely the sulfonated carbon solid acid and the lithium ion conducting agent, namely Li1.3Al0.1Ti1.9Si0.2P2.8O12 are combined on the surfaces of FeF3 particles by virtue of the two reactive groups of amino-silane, namely, by virtue of that an amino group is combined with the sulfonic group through condensation, and alkoxy is combined with Li1.3Al0.1Ti1.9Si0.2P2.8O12 by being hydrolyzed into hydroxyl, thus forming the complete electronic and ionic conducting chains, greatly increasing the ionic conductivity and electronic conductivity of the FeF3 material, and then improving the electrochemical performance of the material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high power capacity ferric flouride lithium electricity positive electrode manufacture method technical field.
Background technology
Lithium rechargeable battery have volume, weight energy than high, voltage is high, self-discharge rate is low, memory-less effect, have extended cycle life, the high absolute advantage of power density, have in global portable power source market at present and surpass 30,000,000,000 dollars of/year shares and increase gradually to surpass 10% speed.Particularly in recent years, along with petering out of fossil energy, the new forms of energy such as solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy become the alternative of traditional energy gradually, and wherein wind energy, solar energy have intermittence, for meeting lasting supply of electric power needs, use a large amount of energy-storage batteries simultaneously; The urban air-quality problem that vehicle exhaust brings is day by day serious, and instant stage has been arrived in vigorously advocating and developing of electric motor car (EV) or hybrid electric vehicle (HEV); These demands provide lithium ion battery explosive growth point, also the performance of lithium ion battery are had higher requirement simultaneously.
The raising of the capacity of anode material for lithium-ion batteries is the primary goal that scientific and technical personnel study, and the research and development of high power capacity positive electrode can alleviate that current lithium ion battery group volume is large, heavy weight, price are high-leveled and difficult to meet the situation of high power consumption and high-power equipment needs.Yet, since lithium ion battery commercialization in 1991, the actual specific capacity of positive electrode is hovered all the time between 100-180mAh/g, the low bottleneck that promotes the lithium ion battery specific energy that become of positive electrode specific capacity.The current commercial lithium ion battery positive electrode of practicality the most widely is LiCoO
2, the theoretical specific capacity of cobalt acid lithium is 274mAh/g, and actual specific capacity is between 130-140mAh/g, and cobalt is strategic materials, expensive and larger toxicity arranged.Therefore in recent years, the researcher of countries in the world is devoted to the research and development of Olivine-type Cathode Material in Li-ion Batteries always, up till now, the lithium ion cell positive filtered out reaches tens of kinds, but potential commercial applications prospect is really arranged or the positive electrode that appeared on market very few really.As lithium manganate having spinel structure LiMn
2o
4, its cost is lower, and than being easier to preparation, security performance is also relatively good, however capacity is lower, and theoretical capacity is 148mAh/g, and actual capacity is at 100-120mAh/g, and this material capacity circulation hold facility is not good, and under high temperature, capacity attenuation is very fast, Mn
3+john-Teller effect and dissolving in electrolyte perplexing for a long time the researcher.The LiNiO of layer structure
2and LiMnO
2although larger theoretical specific capacity is arranged, be respectively 275mAh/g and 285mAh/g, their preparations are very difficult, poor heat stability, cyclicity is very poor, and capacity attenuation is very fast.And business-like LiFePO4 LiFePO progressively at present
4cost is low, Heat stability is good, environmental friendliness, but its theoretical capacity approximately only has 170mAh/g, and actual capacity is in 140mAh/g left and right [Chun SY, Bloking J T, Chiang Y M, Nature Materials, 2002,1:123-128.].There is at present the positive electrode that surpasses the 200mAh/g specific capacity of market prospects to only have lithium vanadate Li
1+xv
3o
8, Li
1+xv
3o
8material can have and has the capacity that even approaches 300mAh/g, but its electric discharge average voltage is lower and also production process in barium oxide often toxicity is larger.High lithium is than on positive electrode in recent years, particularly the high lithium of manganese base manganese-nickel binary and manganese base manganese-nickel-cobalt ternary solid solution system compares positive electrode, there is the Capacity Ratio that surpasses 200mAh/g, higher thermal stability receives people's concern with relative cheap cost, yet the performance under this material high magnification is very undesirable, limited its application [Young-Sik Hong, Yong Joon Park in electrokinetic cell, et al., Solid State Ionics, 2005,176:1035-1042].
In recent years, FeF
3material is because its capacity is high, the low visual field that enters the researcher of the prices of raw and semifnished materials.FeF
3the operation principle of material and traditional anode material for lithium-ion batteries is different, traditional lithium ion cell positive and negative pole all exist lithium ion to embed or the space of de-embedding, and the lithium ion in electrolyte embeds back and forth between positive pole and negative pole and de-embedding and " rocking chair " battery of discharging and proposing as Armand etc.And FeF
3a kind of transition material, namely in whole discharge process, FeF
3following variation [Badway F, Cosandey F, Pereira N, et al., Electrodes for Li Batteries, J.Electrochem.Soc., 2003,150 (10): A1318-A1327.] occurs:
Li
++FeF
3+e→LiFeF
3----(1)
LiFeF
3+2Li
++2e→3LiF+Fe-(2)
The first step and the namely lithium ion embedding of traditional lithium ion, in whole course of reaction, lattice does not have large variation; And second displacement reaction that is metal, conversion has occurred in parent lattice fully.The theoretical capacity of the first step is 237mAh.g
-1; Complete reaction can realize the conversion of 3 electronics, and the theoretical capacity of second stage is 474mAh.g
-1; Total capacity is 711mAh.g
-1; Although this material does not have clear and definite discharge platform, average discharge volt is also lower, and it approaches 800mAh.g
-1theoretical specific capacity still obtained the attention of investigation of materials personnel height.Yet, pass through as Arai Amatucci[Badway F, Pereira N, Cosandey F, et al., J.Electrochem.Soc., 2003,150 (9): A1209-A1218.] etc. scholar's research is found, its theoretical capacity major part be discharged not is an easy thing.At first FeF
3the non-constant of electron conduction ability, simultaneously its lithium ion conductivity is also very low, and the product LiF after conversion is electronic body, the ability of conductive lithium ion is also very poor simultaneously, thereby has caused FeF
3the available capacity that material can utilize is lower, what study, can only discharge about 50-100mAh.g in early days
-1reversible capacity; Charging and discharging currents is little, and multiplying power property is poor; Polarization in charge and discharge process is comparatively serious, and the charging/discharging voltage platform has a long way to go; The Capacitance reserve ability is not good, and along with the increase that discharges and recharges number of times, capacity attenuation is serious.Amatucci etc. had improved its conductive capability by with material with carbon element, through long-time high-energy ball milling, forming carbon/ferric flouride nano-complex (CMFNCs) afterwards, had greatly improved its chemical property, and its discharge capacity can reach 200mAh.g
-1left and right [Badway F, Mansour A.N, Pereira N, et al., Chem.Mater., 2007,19 (17): 4129-4141.].But material with carbon element adhering on the positive electrode particle surface mainly leaned on physical absorption, complete carbonaceous conductive link is more difficult.Secondly, the capacity that this material is higher need to just can discharge at higher temperature (50-70 ℃), main cause is that the activation energy of conversion reaction of second stage is very high, need higher temperature to overcome this activation energy and there is reaction speed faster, the voltage difference of the charging platform of this material and discharge platform is very high in addition, also that reaction activity is high, the not good embodiment of reaction invertibity.Finally, because FeF
3material is slightly soluble in cold water, so usually adopt the method preparation of ethanol liquid phase, needs to use a large amount of ethanol in building-up process, and economy is not good.Be unsuitable in industrial applications.
Therefore, improve FeF
3what the chemical property of positive electrode was primary is to seek a kind of method that can simultaneously improve electronic conductivity and the lithium ion conductivity of material, makes that preparation flow is simple as far as possible, cost is low, convenient and swift simultaneously, and this is to FeF
3the development and application of positive electrode is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing background technology and proposed carbon solid acid silane doping phosphoric acid titanium lithium three component surface modification ferric fluoride anode material and preparation methods.The method is by the titanium phosphate lithium Li of sulfonation carbon solid acid, amino silane and silicon, aluminium doping
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12obtaining FeF with synthesis material in high energy ball mill after ball milling heat treatment after a while
3positive electrode.Sulfonation carbon solid acid is by sulfonic group and FeF
3the iron ion coordination, form strong bonded, and sulfonation carbon solid acid is the good conductor of electronics, contributes to form complete electrically conductive links; Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the good conductor of lithium ion, in order to guarantee Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12with FeF
3the material close contact, form complete lithium ion conducting link, and by two class reactive groups of amino silane, i.e. amino process condensation is combined with sulfonic group, and alkoxyl is by being hydrolyzed to hydroxyl and Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12in conjunction with, electronic conductor sulfonation carbon solid acid and lithium ion conducting agent Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12be combined in FeF
3particle surface, thus complete electronics and ionic conduction link formed, greatly improved FeF
3the ionic conductivity of material and electronic conductivity, thus the chemical property of this material improved.
Carbon solid acid silane doping phosphoric acid titanium lithium three component surface modification ferric fluoride anode material preparation methods, is characterized in that Al
2o
3: SiO
2: TiO
2: NH
4h
2pO
4: Li
2cO
3be 0.05: 0.2: 1.9: the ratio of 2.8: 0.65 (mol ratio) is evenly mixed, 95% ethanol that adds 3%-9%, in ball mill with the rotating speed ball milling 10-50 hour of 100-500 rev/min, after ball milling finishes at 60 ℃-80 ℃, dry 2-10 hour in the vacuum drying oven that pressure is 10Pa-100Pa, again grind 10-30 minute after taking-up in agate grinds alms bowl, the powder after grinding is warmed up to 600-1000 ℃ of insulation with the speed of 5-30 ℃/minute and within 5-16 hour, makes Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the solid electrolyte powder; 5-20g glucose is positioned in 90-120 ℃ of baking oven after dry 5-10 hour in Muffle furnace to constant temperature carbonization 5-10 hour at 700-900 ℃ of temperature, be positioned over after cooling in crucible, add the 10-15mL concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain the carbon solid acid after sulfonation 1-5 hour in 150-200 ℃ of baking oven; Will containing crystallization water molysite and ammonium fluoride, (mol ratio be 1.0: 3.0-3.6) with the percentage by weight Li that is 3-15%
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the amino silane that the auxiliary agent that the carbon solid acid that solid electrolyte powder, percentage by weight are 3-15%, percentage by weight are 0.5-3.0% and percentage by weight are 0.5-3.0%, in high energy ball mill normal temperature ball milling after 5-20 hour under atmosphere protection; take out material; be warmed up to 300-450 degree constant temperature cooling after 2-10 hour under 5% hydrogen and 95% argon gas mixed gas protected, prepare FeF
3positive electrode.
Above-mentioned is Fe (NO containing crystallization water molysite
3)
39H
2o, FeCl
36H
2o and Fe
2(SO
4)
3.9H
2a kind of in O;
Above-mentioned amino silane is phenylamino methyl triethoxysilane, N-β (aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, a kind of in two aminomethyl triethoxysilanes.
Above-mentioned auxiliary agent is Tween-80, a kind of in span-60 and tx-10;
Above-mentioned atmosphere is high pure nitrogen or high-purity argon gas;
Charging capacity, discharge capacity and the efficiency for charge-discharge figure of front 10 circulations that Fig. 1 is this material, voltage range 2.0V-4.0V, charging and discharging currents 0.1C.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: sulfonation carbon solid acid is by sulfonic group and FeF
3the iron ion coordination, form strong bonded, and sulfonation carbon solid acid is the good conductor of electronics, contributes to form complete electrically conductive links; Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the good conductor of lithium ion, in order to guarantee Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12with FeF
3the material close contact, form complete lithium ion conducting link, and by two class reactive groups of amino silane, i.e. amino process condensation is combined with sulfonic group, and alkoxyl is by being hydrolyzed to hydroxyl and Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12in conjunction with, electronic conductor sulfonation carbon solid acid and lithium ion conducting agent Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12be combined in FeF
3particle surface, thus complete electronics and ionic conduction link formed, greatly improved FeF
3the ionic conductivity of material and electronic conductivity, thus the chemical property of this material improved.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Charging capacity, discharge capacity and the efficiency for charge-discharge figure of front 10 circulations of this material of Fig. 1, voltage range 2.0V-4.0V, charging and discharging currents 0.1C.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: by Al
2o
3: SiO
2: TiO
2: NH
4h
2pO
4: Li
2cO
3be 0.05: 0.2: 1.9: the ratio of 2.8: 0.65 (mol ratio) is evenly mixed, add 3.5% 95% ethanol, in ball mill with the rotating speed ball milling of 110 rev/mins 12 hours, in the vacuum drying oven that ball milling is 15Pa at 65 ℃ of pressure after finishing, drying is 2.5 hours, after taking-up, in agate grinds alms bowl, again grind 15 minutes, the powder after grinding is warmed up to 650 ℃ of insulations with the speed of 6 ℃/minute and within 6 hours, makes Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the solid electrolyte powder.Constant temperature carbonization 6 hours at 700 ℃ of temperature in Muffle furnace after 5g glucose is positioned in 90 ℃ of baking ovens to dry 5 hours, be positioned in crucible after cooling, adds the sulfonation in 150 ℃ of baking ovens of the 12mL concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain the carbon solid acid after 1 hour; By Fe (NO
3)
39H
2the Li that O and ammonium fluoride (mol ratio is 1.0: 3.1) and percentage by weight are 3.2%
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the N-β (aminoethyl) that the Tween-80 that the carbon solid acid that solid electrolyte powder, percentage by weight are 3%, percentage by weight are 0.6% and percentage by weight are 0.6%-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane normal temperature ball milling after 5 hours under high pure nitrogen protection in high energy ball mill; take out material; be warmed up to 300 degree constant temperature cooling after 2 hours under 5% hydrogen and 95% argon gas mixed gas protected, prepare FeF
3positive electrode.
Embodiment 2: by Al
2o
3: SiO
2: TiO
2: NH
4h
2pO
4: Li
2cO
3be 0.05: 0.2: 1.9: the ratio of 2.8: 0.65 (mol ratio) is evenly mixed, add 8% 95% ethanol, in ball mill with the rotating speed ball milling of 450 rev/mins 45 hours, in the vacuum drying oven that ball milling is 80Pa at 75 ℃ of pressure after finishing, drying is 8 hours, after taking-up, in agate grinds alms bowl, again grind 25 minutes, the powder after grinding is warmed up to 900 ℃ of insulations with the speed of 25 ℃/minute and within 15 hours, makes Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the solid electrolyte powder.Constant temperature carbonization 10 hours at 900 ℃ of temperature in Muffle furnace after 20g glucose is positioned in 120 ℃ of baking ovens to dry 10 hours, be positioned in crucible after cooling, adds the sulfonation in 190 ℃ of baking ovens of the 15mL concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain the carbon solid acid after 5 hours; By FeCl
36H
2the Li that O and ammonium fluoride (mol ratio is 1.0: 3.6) and percentage by weight are 13%
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the two aminomethyl triethoxysilanes that the span-60 that the carbon solid acid that solid electrolyte powder, percentage by weight are 15%, percentage by weight are 2.8% and percentage by weight are 3.0% normal temperature ball milling after 20 hours under high-purity argon gas protection in high energy ball mill; take out material; be warmed up to 450 degree constant temperature cooling after 9 hours under 5% hydrogen and 95% argon gas mixed gas protected, prepare FeF
3positive electrode.
Embodiment 3: by Al
2o
3: SiO
2: TiO
2: NH
4h
2pO
4: Li
2cO
3be 0.05: 0.2: 1.9: the ratio of 2.8: 0.65 (mol ratio) is evenly mixed, add 5% 95% ethanol, in ball mill with the rotating speed ball milling of 200 rev/mins 25 hours, in the vacuum drying oven that ball milling is 60Pa at 70 ℃ of pressure after finishing, drying is 7 hours, after taking-up, in agate grinds alms bowl, again grind 20 minutes, the powder after grinding is warmed up to 750 ℃ of insulations with the speed of 20 ℃/minute and within 12 hours, makes Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the solid electrolyte powder.Constant temperature carbonization 7 hours at 800 ℃ of temperature in Muffle furnace after 10g glucose is positioned in 100 ℃ of baking ovens to dry 7 hours, be positioned in crucible after cooling, adds the sulfonation in 170 ℃ of baking ovens of the 12mL concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain the carbon solid acid after 3 hours; By Fe
2(SO
4)
39H
2the Li that O and ammonium fluoride (mol ratio is 1.0: 3.5) and percentage by weight are 7%
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the two aminomethyl triethoxysilanes that the tx-10 that the carbon solid acid that solid electrolyte powder, percentage by weight are 8%, percentage by weight are 2.0% and percentage by weight are 2.1% normal temperature ball milling after 15 hours under high pure nitrogen protection in high energy ball mill; take out material; be warmed up to 400 degree constant temperature cooling after 8 hours under 5% hydrogen and 95% argon gas mixed gas protected, prepare FeF
3positive electrode.
Embodiment 4: by Al
2o
3: SiO
2: TiO
2: NH
4h
2pO
4: Li
2cO
3be 0.05: 0.2: 1.9: the ratio of 2.8: 0.65 (mol ratio) is evenly mixed, add 4% 95% ethanol, in ball mill with the rotating speed ball milling of 400 rev/mins 50 hours, in the vacuum drying oven that ball milling is 90Pa at 80 ℃ of pressure after finishing, drying is 5 hours, after taking-up, in agate grinds alms bowl, again grind 20 minutes, the powder after grinding is warmed up to 600 ℃ of insulations with the speed of 25 ℃/minute and within 12 hours, makes Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the solid electrolyte powder.Constant temperature carbonization 8 hours at 850 ℃ of temperature in Muffle furnace after 12g glucose is positioned in 100 ℃ of baking ovens to dry 7 hours, be positioned in crucible after cooling, adds the sulfonation in 170 ℃ of baking ovens of the 12mL concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain the carbon solid acid after 3 hours; By Fe (NO
3)
39H
2the Li that O and ammonium fluoride (mol ratio is 1.0: 3.2) and percentage by weight are 10%
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the N-β (aminoethyl) that the Tween-80 that the carbon solid acid that solid electrolyte powder, percentage by weight are 9%, percentage by weight are 2.5% and percentage by weight are 1.0%-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane normal temperature ball milling after 10 hours under high-purity argon gas protection in high energy ball mill; take out material; be warmed up to 300 degree constant temperature cooling after 7 hours under 5% hydrogen and 95% argon gas mixed gas protected, prepare FeF
3positive electrode.
Embodiment 5: by Al
2o
3: SiO
2: TiO
2: NH
4h
2pO
4: Li
2cO
3be 0.05: 0.2: 1.9: the ratio of 2.8: 0.65 (mol ratio) is evenly mixed, add 5% 95% ethanol, in ball mill with the rotating speed ball milling of 250 rev/mins 30 hours, in the vacuum drying oven that ball milling is 90Pa at 70 ℃ of pressure after finishing, drying is 8 hours, after taking-up, in agate grinds alms bowl, again grind 10 minutes, the powder after grinding is warmed up to 700 ℃ of insulations with the speed of 5 ℃/minute and within 16 hours, makes Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the solid electrolyte powder.Constant temperature carbonization 9 hours at 750 ℃ of temperature in Muffle furnace after 6g glucose is positioned in 120 ℃ of baking ovens to dry 10 hours, be positioned in crucible after cooling, adds the sulfonation in 180 ℃ of baking ovens of the 15mL concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain the carbon solid acid after 3 hours; By Fe
2(SO
4)
39H
2the Li that O and ammonium fluoride (mol ratio is 1.0: 3.3) and percentage by weight are 12%
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the phenylamino methyl triethoxysilane that the tx-10 that the carbon solid acid that solid electrolyte powder, percentage by weight are 3%, percentage by weight are 1.5% and percentage by weight are 1.0% normal temperature ball milling after 15 hours under high pure nitrogen protection in high energy ball mill; take out material; be warmed up to 300 degree constant temperature cooling after 8 hours under 5% hydrogen and 95% argon gas mixed gas protected, prepare FeF
3positive electrode.
Claims (5)
1. carbon solid acid silane doping phosphoric acid titanium lithium three component surface modification ferric fluoride anode material and preparation methods, is characterized in that Al
2o
3: SiO
2: TiO
2: NH
4h
2pO
4: Li
2cO
3be 0.05: 0.2: 1.9: the ratio of 2.8: 0.65 (mol ratio) is evenly mixed, 95% ethanol that adds 3%-9%, in ball mill with the rotating speed ball milling 10-50 hour of 100-500 rev/min, after ball milling finishes at 60 ℃-80 ℃, pressure is dry 2-10 hour in the 10Pa-100Pa vacuum drying oven, again grind 10-30 minute after taking-up in agate grinds alms bowl, the powder after grinding is warmed up to 600-1000 ℃ of insulation with the speed of 5-30 ℃/minute and within 5-16 hour, makes Li
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the solid electrolyte powder; 5-20g glucose is positioned in 90-120 ℃ of baking oven after dry 5-10 hour in Muffle furnace to constant temperature carbonization 5-10 hour at 700-900 ℃ of temperature, be positioned over after cooling in crucible, add the 10-15mL concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain the carbon solid acid after sulfonation 1-5 hour in 150-200 ℃ of baking oven; Will containing crystallization water molysite and ammonium fluoride, (mol ratio be 1.0: 3.0-3.6) with the percentage by weight Li that is 3-15%
1.3al
0.1ti
1.9si
0.2p
2.8o
12the amino silane that the auxiliary agent that the carbon solid acid that solid electrolyte powder, percentage by weight are 3-15%, percentage by weight are 0.5-3.0% and percentage by weight are 0.5-3.0%, in high energy ball mill normal temperature ball milling after 5-20 hour under atmosphere protection; take out material; be warmed up to 300-450 degree constant temperature cooling after 2-10 hour under 5% hydrogen and 95% argon gas mixed gas protected, prepare FeF
3positive electrode.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned is Fe (NO containing crystallization water molysite
3)
39H
2o, FeCl
36H
2o and Fe
2(SO
4)
39H
2a kind of in O.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned amino silane is phenylamino methyl triethoxysilane, N-β (aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, a kind of in two aminomethyl triethoxysilanes.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned auxiliary agent is Tween-80, a kind of in span-60 and tx-10.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned atmosphere is high pure nitrogen or high-purity argon gas.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1458704A (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-26 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Process for preparing battery active matter and battery active matter prepared therefrom |
| CN102468486A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-05-23 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Positive active material for lithium secondary battery and method of manufacturing same |
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2013
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1458704A (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-26 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Process for preparing battery active matter and battery active matter prepared therefrom |
| CN102468486A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-05-23 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Positive active material for lithium secondary battery and method of manufacturing same |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| J. XIE ET AL.: "Amorphous LiCoO2 thin films on Li1+x+yAlxTi2−xSiyP3−yO12 prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering for all-solid-state Li-ion batteries.", 《ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA》 * |
| J. XIE ET AL.: "Amorphous LiCoO2 thin films on Li1+x+yAlxTi2−xSiyP3−yO12 prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering for all-solid-state Li-ion batteries.", 《ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA》, vol. 55, 4 May 2010 (2010-05-04), pages 5440 - 5445 * |
| XIAOPING XU ET AL.: "The preparation and lithium mobility of zinc based NASICON-type solid electrolyte Li1+2x+2yAlxZnyTi2-x-ySixP3-xO12.", 《CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL》 * |
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