CN103500355A - Active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag with solid-state switch - Google Patents
Active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag with solid-state switch Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag with a solid-state switch, belongs to the field of RFID, and particularly relates to the field of active RFID tags. The active RFID tag mainly comprises an antenna, a radio transmission module, a power supply and a control module, wherein the antenna is connected with the radio transmission module; the control module is connected with the radio transmission module and the power supply; the solid-state switch is connected with the control module; the control module is used for controlling the turning-on and the turning-off of the solid-state switch through a triggering module. The active RFID tag also comprises a radio receiving module, wherein the radio receiving module is connected with the antenna and the control module; after the radio receiving module receives an instruction from an RFID reader-writer, the control module controls the triggering module according to the instruction; the solid-state switch is a one-way silicon controlled rectifier, a two-way silicon controlled rectifier, a power field effect transistor or an insulated gate bipolar transistor, and also comprises a triggering circuit. The active RFID tag also comprises a module for taking power from alternating current. The antenna is an onboard antenna.
Description
Technical field
Belong to the RFID field, relate in particular to the active RFID tag field.
Background technology
Along with the saving to the energy is more and more paid attention to, some occasion wishes to turn-off the power supply of electrical equipment; For management and control electrical equipment better, just some occasion can be used electric equipment after need to authorizing.
The current technology that realizes switch by RFID, the patent that application number is 201020000983.6: a kind of two ends terminal full solid-state switch that utilizes radio RF recognition technology, its application passive RFID tags is realized the switch of power supply, but passive RFID tags is subject to the metal disturbing effect larger, because a lot of electric equipments have metal shell, metal parts, thereby affect practical effect; On current market, the core component IC of the passive RFID tags of the main flow of volume production does not provide the I/O pin to trigger the controllable silicon practical function substantially, does not supply programmable single-chip microcomputer yet, thereby makes the cost of practical function high; Communication distance is near, and the maximum distance of passive RFID tags generally can not surpass 10 meters, and reaches 10 meters antennas that needs are very large, needs the antenna of 10 centimetres of left and right length, thereby causes practicality poor, and passive RFID effect on position application is also very poor.
Current wireless switching technology, switch can't send out No. ID, and switch can't only play on-off action for identification, can't realize by rfid interrogator the functions such as location.
The present invention mainly solves and makes active RFID tag have the function of controlling on/off, and can further expand the application divide management and control to the electrical equipment that this label is installed at different regional inner regions, for example in a-quadrant, through the people who authorizes, can use the electric equipment with this active RFID tag, exceed a-quadrant and can't use this electric equipment; Perhaps in the B zone, ban use of this electric equipment, outside the B zone, can use this electric equipment, can set easily the management and control mode by rfid interrogator and related software.Thereby make electric equipment can effectively license, obtain control and management preferably.
Summary of the invention
The basic comprehension that has below provided brief overview of the present invention and some aspect of the present invention is provided.This general introduction is not exhaustive overview of the present invention.It not is intended to mean key, decisive key element of the present invention or delineates scope of the present invention.Its sole purpose is to using simplified form to provide some concept of the present invention as the preorder in greater detail to providing after a while.
The technical scheme of patent of the present invention is:
Active RFID tag with solid-state switch, a kind of active RFID tag, mainly comprise antenna, radio transmission module, power supply, control module, and antenna is connected with the radio transmission module, control module is connected with radio transmission module, power supply, also has solid-state switch to be connected with control module.Control module is controlled the break-make of solid-state switch by trigger module.Control module is controlled the break-make of solid-state switch by trigger module.Active RFID tag also comprises the radio reception module, and the radio reception module is connected with antenna, control module.After the radio reception module receives the instruction of rfid interrogator, control module is controlled trigger module according to instruction.Solid-state switch is one-way SCR, bidirectional triode thyristor, power field effect pipe, insulated gate bipolar translator power tube.Solid-state switch also comprises trigger circuit.Active RFID tag also comprises from the module of alternating current power taking.Antenna is that plate carries antenna.
Solid-state switch, also referred to as noncontacting switch, generally by Power Electronic Technique, realized, its international standard called after: semiconductor AC electric power controller (Semiconductor AC Power Controller), noncontacting switch and mechanical type contact switch relatively have following advantage: the life-span is long, the starting the arc during mechanical type disjunction, contact abrasion, solid-state switch is wearing and tearing not; Frequency of operation is high, and mechanical type is 4 ~ 10 power frequency cycles, solid-state switch<10ms; Reliability is high; Use safety; Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is little.The shortcoming of solid-state switch has: heating; Need refrigeratory or short circuiting switch; Suppress transition; Need to absorb network, entirely do not disconnect; Without obvious breakpoint.
RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) technology, claim again radio frequency identification, be a kind of communication technology, can identify specific objective and read and write related data by radio signals, and without setting up machinery between recognition system and specific objective or optics contacts.Commonly used have low frequency (125k ~ 134.2K), high frequency (13.56Mhz), ultrahigh frequency, technology such as microwave.Wireless signal is by the electromagnetic field of furnishing radio frequency, and the label data from being attached to article sends out, with automatic Identification and these article of tracking.The elect magnetic field that some label sends from recognizer when identification just can obtain energy, does not need battery; Also there is label itself to have power supply, and can initiatively send radiowave (electromagnetic field of furnishing radio frequency).The information that label has comprised Electronic saving, can identify within several meters.Different from bar code, within radio-frequency (RF) tag does not need to be in the recognizer sight line, within can embedding tracked object yet.
From concept, RFID is similar to bar code scan, and for barcode technology, it is that the bar code of will encode is attached to object and uses special-purpose scanning read write line to utilize light signal that information is sent to the scanning read write line by bar shaped magnetic; RFID is used the RFID label of special-purpose rfid interrogator and special be attached to object, utilizes frequency signal that information is sent to rfid interrogator by the RFID label.
At first in technical field, transponder refers to electronic module that can the transmission information return information, and in recent years, because the radio-frequency technique development is swift and violent, transponder had had new saying and implication, is called again intelligent label or label.The reader of RFID electronic tag carries out radio communication by antenna and RFID electronic tag, can realize reading or write operation tag recognition code and internal storage data.The RFID technology can be identified high-speed moving object and can identify a plurality of labels simultaneously, swift and convenient to operate.
The basic functional principle of RFID technology is also uncomplicated: after label enters magnetic field, receive the radiofrequency signal that plug-in reader sends, the energy that relies on induction current to obtain sends out product information (the Passive Tag be stored in chip, passive label or passive label), perhaps by label, initiatively sent signal (the Active Tag of a certain frequency, active label or active tag), after plug-in reader reading information decoding, deliver to CIS and carry out the relevant data processing.
A set of complete rfid system, by reader (Reader) and electronic tag (TAG), namely so-called transponder (Transponder) and three part institutes of application software system are formed, its principle of work is that Reader launches the radio wave energy of a characteristic frequency to Transponder, in order to drive the Transponder circuit, inner data are sent, now Reader just sequentially receives unscrambling data, gives application program and does corresponding processing.
With the communication between RFID card reader and electronic tag and energy-sensitive mode, can be divided into haply: induction coupling (Inductive Coupling) and back scattering coupling (BackscatterCoupling) two kinds.The RFID of general low frequency mostly adopts the first formula, and higher-frequency adopts the second way mostly.
Reader is different with technology according to the structure of using can be to read or read/write device, is that rfid system information is controlled and processing enter.Reader is comprised of coupling module, transceiver module, control module and interface unit usually.Between reader and transponder, the general half-duplex operation mode that adopts is carried out message exchange, and reader provides energy and sequential by coupling to passive balise simultaneously.In actual applications, can further by Ethernet or WLAN etc., realize the management functions such as collection, processing and teletransmission to object identification information.Transponder is the information carrier of rfid system, and transponder forms parasitic element by coupling original paper (coil, microstrip antenna etc.) and microchip mostly.
Product derivative in the RFID technology probably has three major types: passive RFID product, active RFID product, half active RFID product.
The passive RFID production development the earliest, be also develop the most ripe, the product that market is most widely used.Such as, mass transit card, dining room meal card, bank card, hotel access card, China second-generation identity card etc., this is seen everywhere in our daily life, belongs to close contact formula recognition category.The groundwork frequency of its product has low frequency 125KHZ, high frequency 13.56MHZ, ultrahigh frequency 433MHZ, ultrahigh frequency 915MHZ.
The active RFID product, be slowly to grow up recent years, and the characteristic of its far distance automatic identification has determined application space and market potential quality that it is huge.In far distance automatic identification field, as intelligent prison, intelligent hospital, intelligent parking lot, intelligent transportation, the wisdom city, there is major application in the fields such as the wisdom earth and Internet of Things.Active RFID is a dark horse in this field, belongs to far distance automatic recognition category.Product groundwork frequency has ultrahigh frequency 433MHZ, microwave 2.45GHZ and 5.8GMHZ.
Active RFID product and passive RFID product, the characteristic that they are different, determined different applications and different application models, and advantage place is separately also arranged.But in native system, we highlight half active RFID product between active RFID and passive RFID, this product integrates the advantage of active RFID and passive RFID, pass in and out management the gate inhibition, personnel accurately locate, the zone location management, the circumference management, there is very large advantage in the fields such as fence and security alarm.
Half active RFID product, in conjunction with the advantage of active RFID product and passive RFID product, under the triggering of low frequency 125KHZ frequency, allow microwave 2.45G make the most of the advantage.Half active RFID technology, also can be called low frequency and activate triggering technique, utilizes closely accurate location of low frequency, and microwave far-distance identification and uploading data solve simple active RFID and the passive RFID function realized of having no idea.Briefly, be exactly closely to activate location, identification and uploading data at a distance.
Half active RFID be one be easy to control, simple and practical and be particularly suitable for the dirigibility application technology that robotization is controlled, identification work need not manual intervention, it both can support read-only mode of operation also can support the reading writing working pattern, and without contact or aim at; Can under various rugged surroundings, freely work, the short-range radio frequency product is not afraid of the rugged environments such as oil stain, contamination by dust, can substitute bar code, for example is used in tracking object on the streamline of factory; Long multiplex in traffic apart from radio frequency products, decipherment distance can reach tens meters, as automatic charging or identification testing vehicle register etc.
RFID is one and is easy to control, simple and practical and be particularly suitable for the dirigibility application technology that robotization is controlled, and identification work need not manual intervention, and it both can support read-only mode of operation also can support the reading writing working pattern, and without contact or aim at; Can freely be operated under various rugged surroundings: the short-range radio frequency product is not afraid of the rugged environments such as oil stain, contamination by dust, can substitute bar code, for example is used in tracking object on the streamline of factory; Long multiplex in traffic apart from radio frequency products, decipherment distance can reach tens meters, as automatic charging or identification testing vehicle register etc.Radio-frequency recognition system mainly contains the following aspects system advantage: read convenient and swift: reading without light source of data even can see through external packing and carry out.Effectively decipherment distance is larger, and while adopting the active tag from charged pool, effectively decipherment distance can reach more than 30 meters; Recognition speed is fast: label one enters magnetic field, and plug-in reader just can read information wherein immediately, and can process a plurality of labels simultaneously, realizes batch identification; Data capacity is large: the two-dimensional bar of data capacity maximum (PDF417), at most also can only store 2725 numerals; If comprise letter, memory space can be still less; The RFID label can extend to according to user's needs tens of K; Long service life, applied range: its wireless communication mode make it can be applied to dust, the contour contaminated environment of greasy dirt and radioactive environment, and its closed packing makes its life-span substantially exceed the bar code of printing; Label data capable of dynamic change: utilize the programmable device can be to data writing, thereby give the function of RFID label interactive portable data file, and the write time is compared the type slug shape code still less; Better security: not only can embed or be attached on the product of difformity, type, and can cryptoguard be set for the read-write of label data, thereby there is higher security; Dynamic real-time Communication for Power: label communicates with frequency and the plug-in reader with per second 50～100 times, so need only the accompanying object of RFID label, appears in effective identification range of plug-in reader, just can follow the trail of dynamically and monitor its position.
Information interaction between air interface communication protocol specification read write line and electronic tag, purpose is to be the interconnecting property between the different manufacturers production equipment.ISO/IEC formulates the air interface protocol of five kinds of frequency ranges, this thought fully demonstrates the unified relativity of standard, standard is to the joint demand of application system quite widely, but the demand of not all application system, one group of standard can meet wider application demand.
Radio-frequency (RF) identification-reference configuration and the standardized parameter-definition of ISO/IEC 18000-1 infotech-based on the management of single product.The contents such as the read write line of jointly observing in its standard air interface communication agreement and the communication parameter list of label, intellecture property primitive rule.Standard corresponding to each frequency range do not need identical content is repeated to regulation like this.
The radio-frequency (RF) identification of ISO/IEC 18000-2 infotech-based on the management of single product-be applicable to intermediate frequency 125～134KHz, be defined in the physical interface of communicating by letter between label and read write line, read write line should have the ability with Type A (FDX) and Type B (HDX) label communication; The collision-proof method of many label communications is added in regulation agreement and instruction.
The radio-frequency (RF) identification of ISO/IEC 18000-3 infotech-based on the management of single product-be applicable to high band 13.56MHz, collision-proof method is added in the physical interface between regulation read write line and label, agreement and order.Can be divided into two kinds of patterns about anticollision protocol, and pattern 1 is divided into basic model and two kinds of extended pattern agreements (without time slot, without termination multiple-answering machine agreement and time slot termination adaptive polling multiple-answering machine, reading agreement).Pattern 2 adopts the multiplexing FTDMA agreement of time-frequency, has 8 channels, is applicable to the more situation of number of labels.
The radio-frequency (RF) identification of ISO/IEC 18000-4 infotech-based on the management of single product-be applicable to microwave section 2.45GHz, collision-proof method is added in the physical interface between regulation read write line and label, agreement and order.This standard comprises two kinds of patterns, and pattern 1 is that the passive label working method is that read write line is first said; Pattern 2 is active labels, and working method is that label is first said.
The radio-frequency (RF) identification of ISO/IEC 18000-6 infotech-based on the management of single product-be applicable to hyper band 860～960MHz, collision-proof method is added in the physical interface between regulation read write line and label, agreement and order.The interface protocol that it comprises TypeA, TypeB and tri-kinds of passive labels of TypeC, communication distance can reach 10m farthest.Wherein TypeC is drafted by EPCglobal, and gets the Green Light in July, 2006, and it improves a lot at recognition speed, read or write speed, data capacity, anticollision, information security, frequency range adaptive faculty, the aspect such as anti-interference.Within 2006, submit the V4.0 draft, it is expanded for the characteristics with accessory power supply and sensor electronic tag, comprises label data storage mode and interactive command.The active tag of charged pool can provide reading capability in a big way and stronger communication reliability, but its size is larger, and price is also more expensive.
ISO/IEC 18000-7 is applicable to hyper band 433.92 MHz, belongs to active electronic label.Collision-proof method is added in physical interface between regulation read write line and label, agreement and order.Active label recognition scope is large, is applicable to the tracking of large-scale capital assets.
The main specified data of data content standard is the representation to main frame (being also middleware or application program) links at label, read write line.Because the restriction of tag capabilities (storage capacity, communication capacity), must take into full account characteristics separately at the data representation format of links, take the different forms of expression.Main frame can be independent of read write line and air interface protocol to the access of label in addition, that is to say that read write line and air interface protocol application programs are transparent.The application interface of RFID data protocol is based on ASN.1, and it provides a set of application program, operating system and programming language of being independent of, and also is independent of the imperative structures between tag read-write equipment and label driving.
Interface between ISO/IEC 15961 regulation read write lines and application program, lay particular emphasis on the standard mode of utility command and data protocol working apparatus swap data, like this application program can complete the reading of electronic tag data, write, revise, the operating function such as deletion.This agreement is the definition error response message also.
The coding of ISO/IEC 15962 specified datas, compression, logical memory mapping format, add and how the data in electronic tag be converted into to the significant mode of application program.This agreement provides the mechanism of a set of data compression, can take full advantage of finite data storage space in electronic tag and add the air communication ability.
ISO/IEC 24753 expands ISO/IEC 15962 data-handling capacities, is applicable to have the electronic tag of accessory power supply and sensor function.After increasing sensor, the management role that the data volume of storing in electronic tag is added sensor increases greatly, ISO/IEC 24753 regulation battery status supervision, sensor setting and reset, the function such as sensor processing.Show that ISO/IEC 24753 is together with ISO/IEC 15962, the data of standard band accessory power supply and sensor function electronic tag are processed and command interaction.Their effect makes ISO/IEC 15961 be independent of electronic tag and air interface protocol.
ISO/IEC 15963 regulation electronic tag uniquely identified coding standards, this operating such ISO/IEC 7816-6, ISO/TS 14816, EAN.UCC standard code system, INCITS 256 add and retain expanding future.Note and the difference of article code, article code is the coding to article that label attaches, and this standard sign is label self.
Real-time positioning system can improve the transparency of supply chain, fleet management, logistics and fleet safety etc.The RFID label can solve the location of the especially indoor object of short distance, can make up the positioning systems such as GPS and can only be applicable to outdoor large-scale deficiency.All-the-way tracking and the supervision that RFID short distance positioning means can be realized article position together with wireless communication means added in GPS location, mobile phone location.The standard of working out has:
?only has when read-write equipment is arranged its effect of RFID competence exertion.The RFID read-write equipment has the RFID card reader, RFID module for reading and writing etc.These equipment can read the data of RFID or write, and the recognition system that card reader connects has the key chip, can accomplish good encryption.
REID in low-frequency range based on transformer coupled model (the energy transmission between elementary and secondary and signal transmission), the Space Coupling model at high band based on the radar detection target (the radar emission electromagnetic wave signal carries target information after encountering target and returns to radar receiver)." utilizing the communication of reflective power " that Harry's Stockman in 1948 is delivered established the theoretical foundation of REID.
The RFID label is divided into passive, semi-passive (also referred to as half initiatively), active three classes.
Passive label does not have internal power supply.Its internal integrated circuit is driven by the electromagnetic wave received, and these electromagnetic waves are sent by the RFID reader.When label receives the signal of sufficient intensity, can send data to reader.These data not only comprise (the unique sign ID in the whole world) No. ID, can also comprise and preexist in the data in EEPROM in label.
Because passive label has cheaply, volume is small and exquisite, without the advantage of power supply.The RFID label in market is mainly passive type.
Generally speaking, the antenna of passive label has two tasks, and first: receive the electromagnetic wave that reader sends, use and drive label IC; Second: during the label return path signal, need to switch by the impedance of antenna, could produce 0 and 1 variation.Problem is, wanting has best passback efficiency, and antenna impedance must design in " open circuit and short circuit ", can make so again signal reflect fully, can't be received by label IC, and the semi-active type label is exactly in order to solve such problem.Semi-active type is similar to passive type, but its many compact battery, electric power can drive label IC just, makes the state of IC in work.Such benefit is, antenna can be managed the electromagnetic task that receives, fully as the use of return path signal.Compared with passive type, semi-active type has reaction velocity faster, better efficiency.
Different from passive type and semi-passive, active tag itself has the internal electric source supply, in order to supply the required power supply of inner IC to produce external signal.In general, active tag has and long reads distance and larger memory body capacity can be used for storing some appended messages that reader sends.
REID has comprised a whole set of information technology infrastructure, comprise: RFID tag, claim again radio-frequency (RF) tag, electronic tag, mainly by the large-scale integrated circuit chip and the dual-mode antenna that have cognizance code, formed, be mainly passive type, electric energy during use is taken from the radio wave energy that antenna reception arrives; Radio frequency identification read-write equipment and with corresponding information service system, as advance to deposit networking of pin system etc.REID and bar code (Barcode) technology are compared mutually, and the radio frequency classification has many advantages, as: can hold than multicapacity, communication distance length, be difficult to copy, to environmental change, have higher standing can, can read a plurality of labels etc. simultaneously.
Shortcoming is relatively arranged, build exactly cost higher.But see through a large amount of uses of this technology, production cost just can significantly reduce.
The theory of REID is enriched and is perfect.The recognition of single-chip electronic tag, multiple electronic label, wireless-readable can be write, the remote identification of passive electronic label, the REID that adapts to the high-speed mobile object are becoming a reality with product and moving towards and applying.
The RFID product of different frequency range has different characteristics, and the frequency of operation of definition RFID product has the interior different product that meets various criterion of frequency range of low frequency, high frequency and ultrahigh frequency, and the RFID product of different frequency range has different characteristics.Wherein inductor has passive and active two kinds of modes, below introduces in detail passive inductor in the characteristic of different operating frequency product and main application.
The ultrahigh frequency system is carried out transmitting energy by electric field.The energy decreases of electric field be not very fast, but the zone of reading is not fine the definition.It is distant that this frequency range reads distance, the passive 10m left and right that reaches.By capacity coupled mode, realized.
In this frequency range, the definition in the whole world is not that the frequency of very identical-Europe and the definition of part Asia is 868MHz, and the frequency range of North America definition is between 902 to 905MHz, and the frequency range of advising in Japan is between 950 to 956.The wavelength of this frequency range is probably the 30cm left and right.This frequency band power output does not have unified definition, and (U.S. is defined as 4W, and Europe is defined as 500mW, may European restriction can rise to 2W EIRP.The electric wave of ultra-high frequency band can not pass through many materials, particularly metal, liquid, and dust, the suspended particulate matters such as mist, can say that environment is very large on the impact of hyper band.The antenna of electronic tag is generally rectangular and label-like.Antenna has linear and two kinds of designs of circular polarisation, meets the demand of different application.This frequency range has had reads distance, but is difficult to be defined to reading zone.Very high message transmission rate is arranged, in the very short time, can read a large amount of electronic tags.ISO/IEC 18000-6 has defined Physical layer and the communications protocol of ultrahigh frequency; Air interface has defined Type A and Type B two parts; Support readable and writable operation.EPCglobal has defined structure and the air interface of very high frequency(VHF) and the agreement of communication of electronic article coding.For example: Class 0, and Class 1, UHF Gen2.The tissue of Ubiquitous ID Japan, defined UID coding structure and telecommunication management agreement.
Active RFID technology (frequency range, active as long as energising is arbitrarily, and that commonly used is 433M, 2.4G and 5.8G)
The characteristics such as active RFID possesses low emissive power, communication distance is long, transmitted data amount is large, and reliability height and compatibility are good, compare with passive RFID, and advantage technically is very obvious.Be widely applied in the application such as highway toll, port cargo management.
REID (RFID, Radio Frequency Identification) is actually concrete application and the development of automatic identification technology (AEI, Automatic Equipment Identification) aspect radiotelegraphy.The basic thought of this technology is, by adopting some advanced technological means, to realize people's automatic identification and management under different conditions (mobile, static or rugged surroundings) to each type objects or equipment (personnel, article).
Controllable silicon claims again thyristor (Silicon Controlled Rectifier, SCR).Developed into a large family since coming out the 1950's, its Major Members has unidirectional thyristor, bidirectional thyristor, photo thyristor, reverse conducting triode thyristor, turn-off thyristor, high speed thyristor, etc.The silicon controlled rectifier device is a kind of very important power device, can be used to do the control of high voltage and high electric current.Silicon-controlled device mainly is used in the switch aspect, makes device be converted to and open or the state of conducting from the state of closing or blocking, and vice versa.Silicon-controlled device and bipolar transistor have close relationship, the conductive process of the two all involves electronics and hole, but silicon controlled switching mechanism and bipolar transistor are different, and because the device architecture difference, silicon-controlled device has electric current, the voltage control capability than broad range.The rated current of silicon-controlled device now can be from several milliamperes to more than 5000A, and rated voltage can surpass 10000V.Below the principle of work of basic silicon-controlled device will be discussed, then provide some high powers and high-frequency silicon-controlled device.
Unidirectional thyristor, the triode thyristor namely it has often been said, it is comprised of the four-level semiconductor material, three PN junctions are arranged, three electrodes are externally arranged: the electrode that the ground floor P-type semiconductor is drawn is anode A, the 3rd layer of electrode that P-type semiconductor is drawn is controlling utmost point G, and the 4th layer of electrode that N-type semiconductor is drawn is negative electrode K.From the circuit symbol of thyristor, can see, it is the same with diode is a kind of device of one direction conduction, key has been many one control utmost point G, this just makes it have and the diverse operating characteristic of diode.
Tetra-layers of three terminal device of the P1N1P2N2 that the silicon single crystal of take is stock, because its property class is similar to the vacuum thyratron, so be commonly referred to as in the world the silicon crystal thyratron, be called for short thyristor T, again because thyristor initial aspect static rectification, so be referred to as again the silicon controlling rectifier element, referred to as controllable silicon SCR.On performance, controllable silicon not only has unilateral conduction, but also has than the more valuable controllability of silicon rectifier cell (being commonly called as " dead silicon "). and it only has the turn-on and turn-off two states.Controllable silicon can be with the powerful electromechanical equipment of milliampere level Current Control, if surpass this frequency, because the element switch loss significantly increases, allow the average current passed through to reduce mutually, now, and the nominal current use of should demoting.The silicon controlled advantage is a lot, and for example: high-power with miniwatt control, the power amplification multiple up to hundreds of thousands doubly; Reaction is exceedingly fast, and opens in Microsecond grade, turn-offs; Contactless operation, no-spark, noiselessness; Efficiency is high, and cost is low etc.The silicon controlled weakness: static and dynamic overload capacity is poor; Easily be disturbed and mislead.Controllable silicon mainly contains from the profile classification: bolt shape, plate shaped and flat shape.
Igbt (Insulate-Gate Bipolar Transistor-IGBT) combines the advantage of power transistor (Giant Transistor-GTR) and field of electric force effect transistor (Power MOSFET), have good characteristic, application is very extensive; IGBT is also three terminal device: grid, collector and emitter.
IGBT (InsulatedGateBipolarTransistor) is MOS structure bipolar device, belongs to the power device of high speed performance with power MOSFET and bipolar low resistance performance.The range of application of IGBT general all more than withstand voltage 600V, more than electric current 10A, frequency is the zone more than 1kHz.The fields such as stroboscope at industrial motor, civilian small-capacity motor, transducer (inverter), camera, induction heating (InductionHeating) electric cooker of using more.According to the difference of encapsulation, IGBT roughly is divided into two types, and a kind of is three end monomer encapsulation types of mold pressing resin sealing, has all formed series from TO-3P to small-sized surface mount.Another kind is IGBT and FWD (FleeWheelDiode) modular type that (2 or 6 groups) are encapsulated in couples, is mainly used in industrial.The type of module, according to the difference of purposes, is divided into various shape and packaged type, has all formed seriation.
IGBT is heavy current, high-voltage applications and the fast terminal equipment natural evolution with vertical power mosfet.MOSFET is owing to realizing that a higher voltage breakdown BVDSS needs a source to leak passage, and this passage has very high resistivity, thereby causing power MOSFET to there is the high feature of RDS (on) numerical value, IGBT has eliminated these major defects of existing power MOSFET.Although the latest generation power MOSFET device has significantly improved RDS (on) characteristic, when high level, the power conduction loss still exceeds much than IGBT.The pressure drop that IGBT is lower, convert the ability of a low VCE (sat) to, and the structure of IGBT, with same standard bipolar device, compares, and can support more high current density, and simplify the schematic diagram of IGBT driver.
The beneficial effect of patent of the present invention is can be better with the power supply that utilizes active RFID, transwitch technology feasible region management and control electric equipment, because the IC chip of active RFID leaves the IO pin, can trigger easily solid-state switch, but also, with single-chip microcomputer, can control eaily IO output input.
Address related objective for before realizing, this paper contacts description and accompanying drawing has been described some embodiment.Yet these aspects only mean wherein can to adopt a few in the variety of way of the principle of the invention, and theme of the present invention is intended to comprise all these aspects and equivalents thereof.According to the detailed description of considering below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, advantage of the present invention and novel features are apparent.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram that solid-state switch of the present invention adopts bidirectional triode thyristor.
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic diagram that solid-state switch of the present invention adopts one-way SCR.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: use the active RFID tag of bi-directional thyristor switch, and with reference to the accompanying drawings 1, patent of the present invention is carried out detailed narration.
A kind of active RFID tag, mainly comprise that antenna 1, active RFID tag 2 comprise radio transmission module, power supply, control module, antenna 1 is connected with the radio transmission module, control module is connected with radio transmission module, power supply, also has bi-directional thyristor switch to be connected with trigger module, control module in active RFID tag 2.Control module is controlled the break-make of bi-directional thyristor switch by trigger module.Control module is controlled the break-make of bi-directional thyristor switch by trigger module.Active RFID tag also comprises the radio reception module, and the radio reception module is connected with antenna, control module.After the radio reception module receives the instruction of rfid interrogator, control module is controlled trigger module according to instruction.Bi-directional thyristor switch also comprises trigger circuit.Antenna is that plate carries antenna.Active RFID tag adopts the integrated circuit modules that model is nrf24l01, this integrated circuit is integrated control use single-chip microcomputer, radio reception module, radio transmission module etc., also with I/O, control pin, can simply realize the technical purpose of this patent
Embodiment 2: use the active RFID tag of one-way SCR switch, and with reference to the accompanying drawings 2, the present invention carries out detailed narration.
A kind of active RFID tag, mainly comprise that antenna 1, active RFID tag 2 comprise radio transmission module, power supply, control module, antenna 1 is connected with the radio transmission module, control module is connected with radio transmission module, power supply, also has the one-way SCR switch to be connected with trigger module, control module in active RFID tag 2.Control module is controlled the break-make of one-way SCR switch by trigger module.Control module is controlled the break-make of one-way SCR switch by trigger module.Active RFID tag also comprises the radio reception module, and the radio reception module is connected with antenna, control module.After the radio reception module receives the instruction of rfid interrogator, control module is controlled trigger module according to instruction.The one-way SCR switch also comprises trigger circuit.Antenna is that plate carries antenna.Active RFID tag adopts the integrated circuit modules 24 that model is nrf24l01, integrated circuit modules 24 is integrated control use single-chip microcomputer, radio reception module, radio transmission module etc., also with I/O, control pin, can simply realize the technical purpose of this patent.
Claims (10)
1. with the active RFID tag of solid-state switch, a kind of active RFID tag, mainly comprise antenna, radio transmission module, power supply, control module, antenna is connected with the radio transmission module, control module is connected with radio transmission module, power supply, it is characterized in that also having solid-state switch to be connected with control module.
2. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described control module is controlled the break-make of solid-state switch by trigger module.
3. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described control module is controlled the break-make of solid-state switch by trigger module.
4. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described active RFID tag also comprises the radio reception module, and the radio reception module is connected with antenna, control module.
5. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 4, is characterized in that, after described radio reception module receives the instruction of rfid interrogator, control module is controlled trigger module according to instruction.
6. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described solid-state switch is one-way SCR, bidirectional triode thyristor, power field effect pipe, insulated gate bipolar translator power tube.
7. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described solid-state switch also comprises trigger circuit.
8. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described active RFID tag also comprises battery.
9. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described active RFID tag also comprises from the module of alternating current power taking.
10. the active RFID tag with solid-state switch according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described antenna is that plate carries antenna.
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| CN201310510895.9A CN103500355A (en) | 2013-10-27 | 2013-10-27 | Active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag with solid-state switch |
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| CN201310510895.9A CN103500355A (en) | 2013-10-27 | 2013-10-27 | Active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag with solid-state switch |
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| CN201310510895.9A Pending CN103500355A (en) | 2013-10-27 | 2013-10-27 | Active RFID (radio frequency identification) tag with solid-state switch |
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Application publication date: 20140108 |