CN103498788A - Heavy-type air compressor air flow and efficiency on-line measurement method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heavy-type air compressor air flow and efficiency on-line measurement device. A method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) conducting reasonability analysis on differential pressure data of an intake manifold of an air compressor, removing some unreasonable data, (2) combining data of a DCS according to the data sample obtained in the step (1) to conduct measurement and calculation on the operating performance of air flow of the air compressor, using operating data with small relative error as a modeling sample, (3) establishing a variable working condition model of the air compressor according to the modeling sample determined in the step (2), and (4) establishing the heavy-type air compressor air flow and efficiency on-line measurement device according to the variable working condition model established in the step (3) to monitor the air compressor air flow and the air compressor efficiency in the variable working condition operation of a heavy-type gas turbine in an on-line mode. The device is applicable to monitoring the air compressor air flow and the air compressor efficiency in the variable working condition operation of the heavy-type gas turbine in the on-line mode, and has the advantages of further guiding the operation of a gas-steam combination circulation unit and improving the efficiency of the gas-steam combination circulation unit.

Description

Heavy compressor air flow and efficiency On-line Measuring Method and device

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of heavy compressor air flow and efficiency On-line Measuring Method and device, is mainly to detect online compressor air flow and compressor efficiency in the heavy duty gas turbine variable parameter operation.Be applicable to 9F level Gas-steam Combined Cycle unit.Belong to power generation industries and accessory technical field.

Background technique:

The gas compressor flow of the heavy duty gas turbine used in power industry is large, progression is many, pressure ratio is high.Affecting the Capability of Compressor factor, is mainly due to gas turbine state in the off-design operating mode usually in actual motion, therefore for the gas compressor flow, can't adopt direct measurement means.

For adjustable vane, IGV(calls in the following text: IGV) temperature controlled gas turbine, the research of its ambient temperature characteristic is more than the qualitative analysis complexity.9F grade gas turbine, gas compressor arranges adjustable vane (IGV).When Unit Commitment or adjustment load, by regulating the variation of IGV blade angle, restriction enters the air mass flow of gas compressor, thereby reaches the purpose of protection unit safety operation, raising operational efficiency.The minimum aperture of IGV is 34 degree, and maximum opening is-5 degree.Start order and send (L4master on), aperture in the middle of IGV is opened to, to reduce air mass flow, prevent the unit surge.When generating unit speed > during 2745rpm, IGV is closed to minimum aperture, when gas turbine load<108MW, keeps minimum aperture constant, to maintain higher combustion turbine exhaustion temperature, improves the whole efficiency of combined cycle.If load continues to increase, IGV opens gradually, when the gas turbine load equals 243MW, reaches maximum opening, even load continues to increase afterwards, the IGV aperture also remains unchanged.Automatic control due to IGV participation gas turbine, make the research of parameter and the ambient temperature characteristic of each parts of gas turbine, and it is complicated that problem becomes.

Due to the impact of external load, ambient temperature etc., the parameter of gas turbine changes frequent, for example, and the parameters such as IGV aperture, combustion turbine power.Be difficult to obtain the ambient temperature characteristic in the certain load situation by the field data of actual acquisition, this just needs as far as possible in conjunction with field data, must be by the method for theory analysis, calculating, obtain IGV temperature control rule model, compressor pressure ratio π c, compressor air inlet machine resistance model, gas compressor flow Gc-(IGV, the ta of gas turbine blower) compressor efficiency under model, IGV temperature control rule-Flow characteristics model.

In order to obtain the data of compressor characteristics, can adopt the methods such as experiment, aerothermodynamic calculate, full three-dimensional numerical value mould, curve to obtain.Wherein, the cost of the method for experiment is high, and the data point of acquisition is limited, and public data is seldom arranged; Full Three-dimensional simulation amount of calculation is too large, and computing cycle is long; When the aerothermodynamic computational methods are directly calculated, precision is difficult to guarantee, applies less.Therefore, these methods have been subject to certain limitation in actual applications.

Want Real-Time Monitoring gas compressor flow and compressor efficiency by setting up the Study on Variable Condition Features simulation model of gas compressor, to carry out real-time online in conjunction with on-the-spot actual operating mode parameter and to calculate.

Summary of the invention:

One of purpose of the present invention is for a kind of heavy compressor air flow and efficiency On-line Measuring Method are provided.Compressor efficiency applicable to the online real-time air mass flow to gas compressor in unit operation is monitored.

Two of purpose of the present invention, for a kind of heavy compressor air flow and efficiency on-line measurement device are provided, this device is applicable to the on-line monitoring of compressor air flow and compressor efficiency in the heavy duty gas turbine variable parameter operation, can further instruct the operation of Gas-steam Combined Cycle unit, improve the Gas-steam Combined Cycle unit efficiency.

One of purpose of the present invention can reach by taking following technological scheme:

Heavy compressor air flow and efficiency On-line Measuring Method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

1) carry out the analysis on its rationality of compressor air inlet machine manifold differential pressure data, reject the unreasonable data of part;

2) data sample obtained according to step 1) carries out the measuring and calculating of compressor air flow ride quality in conjunction with Distributed Control System DCS data, and adopting the little service data of relative error is modeling sample;

3) according to step 2) definite modeling sample sets up the variable working condition model of gas compressor, comprising:

3-1) set up the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine,

3-2) set up compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta),

3-3) set up gas compressor Flow characteristics model Gc-(IGV, ta),

3-4) set up the compressor air inlet machine resistance model,

3-5) set up compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model;

4), according to the variable working condition model of step 3) foundation, set up the on-Line Monitor Device of heavy compressor air flow and efficiency, with compressor air flow and compressor efficiency in on-line monitoring heavy duty gas turbine variable parameter operation.

One of purpose of the present invention can also take following technological scheme to reach:

Further, the described analysis on its rationality of carrying out compressor air inlet machine manifold differential pressure data of step 1), refer to and adopt compressor air inlet machine manifold static pressure method, calculates the air mass flow of gas compressor according to representation (2-1),

$G_c=\mathrm{\&phi;}\&CenterDot;A\&CenterDot;\sqrt{2(-P_{\mathrm{in}}-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{in}}){\mathrm{\&rho;}}_a}---(2-1)$

In formula: Gc is the gas compressor inlet air flow rate, kg/s; The negative pressure that Pin is compressor air inlet machine manifold place; Δ Pin is filter resistance; ρ a is air density; The flow section area that A is intake manifold negative pressure measuring point place; φ is flow coefficient; φ A can become effective flow section area.

Further, because there is larger error in compressor air inlet machine manifold static pressure measurement value, cause data fluctuations, need to reject the data of apparent error, adopt and differentiate the rational discriminant form of intake manifold differential pressure value, specifically use representation (2-2) to mean,

Dp ⁽ⁱ⁾=(a·IGV ³+b·IGV ²+·IGV+c)/(t _a+273.15) （2-2）

In formula: subscript (i) means i secondary data sample; Dp=(P _in-Δ P), be called differential pressure value; A, b, c are constant, relevant with data sample.

Further, differentiate that the rational step of manifold static pressure data is:

1) according to original sample (or new samples), matching Dp ⁽¹⁾=F (IGV, t _a), be the 1st discriminant;

2) reject the unreasonable data in original sample (or new samples), be about to | Dp-Dp ⁽¹⁾|/Dp ⁽¹⁾>=5% data are rejected, and obtain new samples, matching Dp ⁽²⁾=F (IGV, t _a), be the 2nd discriminant;

3) repeating step 2), until data sample meets the demands.

Further, set up the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine,

The conventional turbine delivery temperature T4-IGV rule figure of comprehensive analysis gas turbine and the conventional turbine of gas turbine calculate intake temperature T3-IGV rule figure, the IGV temperature control rule that obtains gas turbine is as follows: when the IGV aperture is between 39%～100%, increase along with the IGV aperture, gas turbine such as presses at the delivery temperature operation, and turbine intake temperature T3 more slowly rises to limit value; When the IGV aperture, 39% when following, along with the IGV aperture reduces, combustion turbine power reduces, and the turbine intake temperature is fast-descending relatively, and the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine is expressed as by the temperature control rule between turbine intake temperature T3 and IGV aperture:

T ₃=2.4725·IGV+1404.1,IGV≤39%

T ₃=0.6943·IGV+1473.4,IGV>39%

Further, set up compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta),

Set up and analyze the variation diagram of compressor pressure ratio with the IGV aperture, during the stable operation of unit on-load, compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta) by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

Further, set up gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta),

Adopt the manifold static pressure method to analyze the variation diagram of compressor air flow measuring and calculating value with the IGV aperture, during the stable operation of unit on-load, gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta) by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

Further, set up the compressor air inlet machine resistance model,

The compressor air inlet machine resistance mainly takes into account the flow resistance of air filter (two-stage), and above-mentioned resistance can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{in}}=a\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&xi;}\&CenterDot;\frac{t_a+273.15}{p_a}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="G\; c"\; filenames="HDA0000385051700000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_c}^2$

In formula: the numerical value of constant a is obtained by curve.

Further, set up compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model,

Unit is under IGV temperature control rule, during constant-speed operation, and compressor efficiency-flow (external pressure is decided to be 101.3kPa) relationship description is:

$\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_c=0.881\&times;(a\&CenterDot;\mathrm{IGV}+b)\&times;\\ [1-0.4{(1-\frac{16.975}{\sqrt{t_a+273.15}})}^2]\frac{1851.78\&CenterDot;(p_a-\mathrm{\&Delta;p})}{(t_a+273.15)G_c}[c-(c-1)\frac{-1.5939t_a+692.59}{G_c}]\end{array}$

In formula: the resistance that Δ p is gas handling system, kPa; Pa is external pressure, kPa.Coefficient a, b, c are obtained by the characteristic point bunch of actual operating data.This representation is for the corrected flow of gas compressor and amount to the substitution of Design of Rotation value resulting model.

Two of purpose of the present invention can reach by taking following technological scheme:

Heavy compressor air flow and efficiency on-line measurement device, its structural feature is: comprise data acquisition unit, data processing unit, the compressor measurements model unit, gas compressor real-time traffic unit and gas compressor Real time Efficiency unit, load in data acquisition unit Real-time Collection unit running process, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric moisture, the IGV aperture, the air inlet screen differential pressure, the on-the-spot Operational Limits of inlet manifold negative pressure, and data are sent to data processing unit, data processing unit carries out computing by the real time data of collecting and becomes data-signal, be sent to the measuring and calculating of compressor measurements model unit, results of measuring is as gas compressor real-time empty throughput and gas compressor Real time Efficiency, and deliver to respectively gas compressor real-time traffic unit and gas compressor Real time Efficiency unit 5.

Two of purpose of the present invention can also reach by taking following technological scheme:

Further, the compressor measurements model unit is by IGV temperature control rule model, the compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV of gas turbine, ta), gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta), the compressor efficiency under compressor air inlet machine resistance model and IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model forms.

Further, the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine, while referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, the temperature control rule model between turbine intake temperature T3 and IGV aperture, representation is described as:

T ₃=2.4725·IGV+1404.1,IGV≤39%

T ₃=0.6943·IGV+1473.4,IGV>39%

Further, compressor pressure ratio π c-(IGV, ta) model, while referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, compressor pressure ratio π c-(IGV, ta) relation, by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

Further, gas compressor flow Gc-(IGV, ta) model, while referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, gas compressor flow Gc-(IGV, ta) relation, by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

Further, the compressor air inlet machine resistance model, refer to that the compressor air inlet machine resistance mainly takes into account the flow resistance of air filter (two-stage), and above-mentioned resistance can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{in}}=a\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&xi;}\&CenterDot;\frac{t_a+273.15}{p_a}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="G\; c"\; filenames="HDA0000385051700000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_c}^2$

In formula: the numerical value of constant a is obtained by curve.

Further, the compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model, refer to that unit is under IGV temperature control rule, during constant-speed operation, and compressor efficiency-flow (external pressure is decided to be 101.3kPa) relation can be described as:

$\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_c=0.881\&times;(a\&CenterDot;\mathrm{IGV}+b)\&times;\\ [1-0.4{(1-\frac{16.975}{\sqrt{t_a+273.15}})}^2]\frac{1851.78\&CenterDot;(p_a-\mathrm{\&Delta;p})}{(t_a+273.15)G_c}[c-(c-1)\frac{-1.5939t_a+692.59}{G_c}]\end{array}$

In formula: the resistance that Δ p is gas handling system, kPa; Pa is external pressure, kPa.Coefficient a, b, c are obtained by the characteristic point bunch of actual operating data.This formula is for the corrected flow of gas compressor and amount to the substitution of Design of Rotation value resulting model.

The present invention has following outstanding beneficial effect:

1, the heavy compressor air flow the present invention relates to and efficiency on-line measurement device, load in data acquisition unit Real-time Collection unit running process, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric moisture, the IGV aperture, the air inlet screen differential pressure, the on-the-spot Operational Limits of inlet manifold negative pressure, and data are sent to data processing unit, data processing unit carries out computing by the real time data of collecting and becomes data-signal, be sent to the measuring and calculating of compressor measurements model unit, results of measuring is as gas compressor real-time empty throughput and gas compressor Real time Efficiency, and deliver to respectively gas compressor real-time traffic unit and gas compressor Real time Efficiency unit, can effectively realize compressor air flow and compressor efficiency in on-line monitoring heavy duty gas turbine variable parameter operation, be applicable to the on-line monitoring of compressor air flow and compressor efficiency in the heavy duty gas turbine variable parameter operation, there is the operation of further instructing the Gas-steam Combined Cycle unit, improve the beneficial effect of Gas-steam Combined Cycle unit efficiency.

2, the heavy compressor air flow the present invention relates to and efficiency On-line Measuring Method, can realize the real-time instruction to gas turbine operation by the on-line monitoring to compressor air flow and compressor efficiency, realizes the optimization operation of gas turbine.Adopt On-line Measuring Method of the present invention, by setting up the variable working condition model, can obtain based on the stable state Study on Variable Condition Features during gas compressor constant-speed operation under gas turbine IGV temperature control action, can to ambient temperature characteristic and the part throttle characteristics of gas compressor, be studied according to the result of model calculation, be applicable to the on-line monitoring of compressor air flow and compressor efficiency in the heavy duty gas turbine variable parameter operation, there is the operation of further instructing the Gas-steam Combined Cycle unit, improve the beneficial effect of Gas-steam Combined Cycle unit efficiency.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the heavy compressor air flow that relates to of invention and the structural representation of a specific embodiment of efficiency on-line measurement device.

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail:

Specific embodiment 1:

With reference to Fig. 1, the heavy compressor air flow that the present embodiment relates to and efficiency on-line measurement device, comprise data acquisition unit 1, data processing unit 2, compressor measurements model unit 3, gas compressor real-time traffic unit 4 and gas compressor Real time Efficiency unit 5, load in data acquisition unit 1 Real-time Collection unit running process, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric moisture, the IGV aperture, the air inlet screen differential pressure, the on-the-spot Operational Limits of inlet manifold negative pressure, and data are sent to data processing unit, data processing unit carries out computing by the real time data of collecting and becomes data-signal, be sent to 3 measuring and calculating of compressor measurements model unit, results of measuring is as gas compressor real-time empty throughput and gas compressor Real time Efficiency, and deliver to respectively gas compressor real-time traffic unit 4 and gas compressor Real time Efficiency unit 5.

In the present embodiment:

Compressor measurements model unit 3 is by IGV temperature control rule model, the compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV of gas turbine, ta), gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta), the compressor efficiency under compressor air inlet machine resistance model and IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model forms.

Further, the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine, while referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, the temperature control rule model between turbine intake temperature T3 and IGV aperture, representation is described as:

T ₃=2.4725·IGV+1404.1,IGV≤39%

T ₃=0.6943·IGV+1473.4,IGV>39%

Further, compressor pressure ratio π c-(IGV, ta) model, while referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, compressor pressure ratio π c-(IGV, ta) relation, by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

Further, gas compressor flow Gc-(IGV, ta) model, while referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, gas compressor flow Gc-(IGV, ta) relation, by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

Further, the compressor air inlet machine resistance model, refer to that the compressor air inlet machine resistance mainly takes into account the flow resistance of air filter (two-stage), and above-mentioned resistance can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{in}}=a\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&xi;}\&CenterDot;\frac{t_a+273.15}{p_a}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="G\; c"\; filenames="HDA0000385051700000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_c}^2$

In formula: the numerical value of constant a is obtained by curve.

Further, the compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model, refer to that unit is under IGV temperature control rule, during constant-speed operation, and compressor efficiency-flow (external pressure is decided to be 101.3kPa) relation can be described as:

$\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_c=0.881\&times;(a\&CenterDot;\mathrm{IGV}+b)\&times;\\ [1-0.4{(1-\frac{16.975}{\sqrt{t_a+273.15}})}^2]\frac{1851.78\&CenterDot;(p_a-\mathrm{\&Delta;p})}{(t_a+273.15)G_c}[c-(c-1)\frac{-1.5939t_a+692.59}{G_c}]\end{array}$

In formula: the resistance that Δ p is gas handling system, kPa; Pa is external pressure, kPa.Coefficient a, b, c are obtained by the characteristic point bunch of actual operating data.This formula is for the corrected flow of gas compressor and amount to the substitution of Design of Rotation value resulting model.

The heavy compressor air flow that the present embodiment relates to and efficiency On-line Measuring Method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

1) carry out the analysis on its rationality of compressor air inlet machine manifold differential pressure data, reject the unreasonable data of part;

2) data sample obtained according to step 1) carries out the measuring and calculating of compressor air flow ride quality in conjunction with Distributed Control System DCS data, and adopting the little service data of relative error is modeling sample;

3) according to step 2) definite modeling sample sets up the variable working condition model of gas compressor, comprising:

3-1) set up the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine,

3-2) set up compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta),

3-3) set up gas compressor Flow characteristics model Gc-(IGV, ta),

3-4) set up the compressor air inlet machine resistance model,

3-5) set up compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model;

4), according to the variable working condition model of step 3) foundation, set up the on-Line Monitor Device of heavy compressor air flow and efficiency, with compressor air flow and compressor efficiency in on-line monitoring heavy duty gas turbine variable parameter operation.

Further, the described analysis on its rationality of carrying out compressor air inlet machine manifold differential pressure data of step 1), refer to and adopt compressor air inlet machine manifold static pressure method, calculates the air mass flow of gas compressor according to representation (2-1),

$G_c=\mathrm{\&phi;}\&CenterDot;A\&CenterDot;\sqrt{2(-P_{\mathrm{in}}-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{in}}){\mathrm{\&rho;}}_a}---(2-1)$

In formula: Gc is the gas compressor inlet air flow rate, kg/s; The negative pressure that Pin is compressor air inlet machine manifold place; Δ Pin is filter resistance; ρ a is air density; The flow section area that A is intake manifold negative pressure measuring point place; φ is flow coefficient; φ A can become effective flow section area.

Further, because there is larger error in compressor air inlet machine manifold static pressure measurement value, cause data fluctuations, need to reject the data of apparent error, adopt and differentiate the rational discriminant form of intake manifold differential pressure value, specifically use representation (2-2) to mean,

Dp ⁽ⁱ⁾=(a·IGV ³+b·IGV ²+·IGV+c)/(t _a+273.15) （2-2）

In formula: subscript (i) means i secondary data sample; Dp=(P _in-Δ P), be called differential pressure value; A, b, c are constant, relevant with data sample.

Further, differentiate that the rational step of manifold static pressure data is:

1) according to original sample (or new samples), matching Dp ⁽¹⁾=F (IGV, t _a), be the 1st discriminant;

2) reject the unreasonable data in original sample (or new samples), be about to | Dp-Dp ⁽¹⁾|/Dp ⁽¹⁾>=5% data are rejected, and obtain new samples, matching Dp ⁽²⁾=F (IGV, t _a), be the 2nd discriminant;

3) repeating step 2), until data sample meets the demands.

Further, set up the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine,

The conventional turbine delivery temperature T4-IGV rule figure of comprehensive analysis gas turbine and the conventional turbine of gas turbine calculate intake temperature T3-IGV rule figure, the IGV temperature control rule that obtains gas turbine is as follows: when the IGV aperture is between 39%～100%, increase along with the IGV aperture, gas turbine such as presses at the delivery temperature operation, and turbine intake temperature T3 more slowly rises to limit value; When the IGV aperture, 39% when following, along with the IGV aperture reduces, combustion turbine power reduces, and the turbine intake temperature is fast-descending relatively, and the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine is expressed as by the temperature control rule between turbine intake temperature T3 and IGV aperture:

T ₃=2.4725·IGV+1404.1,IGV≤39%

T ₃=0.6943·IGV+1473.4,IGV>39%

Further, set up compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta),

Set up and analyze the variation diagram of compressor pressure ratio with the IGV aperture, during the stable operation of unit on-load, compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta) by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

Further, set up gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta),

Adopt the manifold static pressure method to analyze the variation diagram of compressor air flow measuring and calculating value with the IGV aperture, during the stable operation of unit on-load, gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta) by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

Further, set up the compressor air inlet machine resistance model,

The compressor air inlet machine resistance mainly takes into account the flow resistance of air filter (two-stage), and above-mentioned resistance can be expressed as:

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{in}}=a\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&xi;}\&CenterDot;\frac{t_a+273.15}{p_a}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="G\; c"\; filenames="HDA0000385051700000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">G</figure-callout>}}_c}^2$

In formula: the numerical value of constant a is obtained by curve.

Further, set up compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model,

Unit is under IGV temperature control rule, during constant-speed operation, and compressor efficiency-flow (external pressure is decided to be 101.3kPa) relationship description is:

$\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_c=0.881\&times;(a\&CenterDot;\mathrm{IGV}+b)\&times;\\ [1-0.4{(1-\frac{16.975}{\sqrt{t_a+273.15}})}^2]\frac{1851.78\&CenterDot;(p_a-\mathrm{\&Delta;p})}{(t_a+273.15)G_c}[c-(c-1)\frac{-1.5939t_a+692.59}{G_c}]\end{array}$

In formula: the resistance that Δ p is gas handling system, kPa; Pa is external pressure, kPa.Coefficient a, b, c are obtained by the characteristic point bunch of actual operating data.This representation is for the corrected flow of gas compressor and amount to the substitution of Design of Rotation value resulting model.

Data acquisition unit 1 can be directly to measurement and the collecting function of gas turbine and gas compressor each status parameter in service and respective environment parameter.Data processing unit 2 can carry out the real time data analog signals collected computing and become digital signal to calculate for computer.Compressor measurements model unit 3, can obtain online each performance parameter index of not directly measuring of gas compressor, comprise gas compressor real-time empty throughput, the gas compressor real-time empty throughput that calculates by front several unit can be carried out in-service monitoring and move to optimize and instruct, the gas compressor Real time Efficiency, can carry out in-service monitoring and move to optimize and instruct by the gas compressor real-time empty throughput that calculates of front several unit.

In the gas turbine operation process, measure in real time the analog signals (electric current, voltage) of on-the-spot running state parameters such as gathering unit load, IGV aperture, inlet manifold negative pressure, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature by data acquisition unit.The on-the-spot real time execution parameter collected is processed through A/D conversion and the equivalent of data processing unit, but is converted to the digital quantity signal of computer computing.

On-the-spot Operational Limits input gas compressor mathematical model is after treatment calculated.In model, φ is the density that air mass flow coefficient, ρ are air, knows current environmental temperature and external pressure, can obtain by looking into the air characteristics parameter list.A is that inlet manifold mobile section area is certain value, can go out by looking into calculation of design parameters.Other constant in mathematical model all obtains by modeling process.

With reference to parameters such as the load in the module 1 Real-time Collection unit running process of accompanying drawing 1 employing data acquisition unit of the present invention, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric moisture, IGV aperture, air inlet screen differential pressure, inlet manifold negative pressure, and data are sent to data processing unit, data processing unit carries out computing by the real time data of collecting and becomes data-signal, be sent to each calculated with mathematical model, draw gas compressor real-time empty throughput and gas compressor Real time Efficiency.

The above; it is only preferably specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to replacement or changed according to technological scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, all being belonged to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. heavy compressor air flow and efficiency On-line Measuring Method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

1) carry out the analysis on its rationality of compressor air inlet machine manifold differential pressure data, reject the unreasonable data of part;

2) data sample obtained according to step 1) carries out the measuring and calculating of compressor air flow ride quality in conjunction with Distributed Control System DCS data, and adopting the little service data of relative error is modeling sample;

3) according to step 2) definite modeling sample sets up the variable working condition model of gas compressor, comprising:

3-1) set up the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine,

3-2) set up compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta),

3-3) set up gas compressor Flow characteristics model Gc-(IGV, ta),

3-4) set up the compressor air inlet machine resistance model,

3-5) set up compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model;

4), according to the variable working condition model of step 3) foundation, set up the on-Line Monitor Device of heavy compressor air flow and efficiency, with compressor air flow and compressor efficiency in on-line monitoring heavy duty gas turbine variable parameter operation.

2. heavy compressor air flow according to claim 1 and efficiency On-line Measuring Method, it is characterized in that: the described analysis on its rationality of carrying out compressor air inlet machine manifold differential pressure data of step 1), refer to and adopt compressor air inlet machine manifold static pressure method, calculate the air mass flow of gas compressor according to representation (2-1)

In formula: Gc is the gas compressor inlet air flow rate, kg/s; The negative pressure that Pin is compressor air inlet machine manifold place; Δ Pin is filter resistance; ρ a is air density; The flow section area that A is intake manifold negative pressure measuring point place; φ is flow coefficient; φ A can become effective flow section area.

3. heavy compressor air flow according to claim 2 and efficiency On-line Measuring Method is characterized in that:

1) adopt and differentiate the rational discriminant form of intake manifold differential pressure value, specifically mean by following expression,

Dp ⁽ⁱ⁾=(a·IGV ³+b·IGV ²+·IGV+c)/(t _a+273.15)

In formula: subscript (i) means i secondary data sample; Dp=(P _in-Δ P), be called differential pressure value; A, b, c are constant, relevant with data sample;

2) differentiate that the rational step of manifold static pressure data is:

2-1) according to original sample (or new samples), matching Dp ⁽¹⁾=F (IGV, t _a), be the 1st discriminant;

2-2) reject the unreasonable data in original sample (or new samples), be about to | Dp-Dp ⁽¹⁾|/Dp ⁽¹⁾>=5% data are rejected, and obtain new samples, matching Dp ⁽²⁾=F (IGV, t _a), be the 2nd discriminant;

2-3) repeating step (2), until data sample meets the demands.

4. heavy compressor air flow according to claim 2 and efficiency On-line Measuring Method is characterized in that: set up the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine,

The conventional turbine delivery temperature T4-IGV rule figure of comprehensive analysis gas turbine and the conventional turbine of gas turbine calculate intake temperature T3-IGV rule figure, the IGV temperature control rule that obtains gas turbine is as follows: when the IGV aperture is between 39%～100%, increase along with the IGV aperture, gas turbine such as presses at the delivery temperature operation, and turbine intake temperature T3 more slowly rises to limit value; When the IGV aperture, 39% when following, along with the IGV aperture reduces, combustion turbine power reduces, and the turbine intake temperature is fast-descending relatively, and the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine is expressed as by the temperature control rule between turbine intake temperature T3 and IGV aperture:

T ₃=2.4725·IGV+1404.1,IGV≤39%

T ₃=0.6943·IGV+1473.4,IGV>39%

5. heavy compressor air flow according to claim 2 and efficiency On-line Measuring Method is characterized in that:

1) set up compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta),

Set up and analyze the variation diagram of compressor pressure ratio with the IGV aperture, during the stable operation of unit on-load, compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV, ta) by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains;

2) set up gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta),

Adopt the manifold static pressure method to analyze the variation diagram of compressor air flow measuring and calculating value with the IGV aperture, during the stable operation of unit on-load, gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta) by representation, be described as:

G _c=(a·t _a+b)IGV ²+(c·t _a+d)IGV+(e·t _a+f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains;

3) set up the compressor air inlet machine resistance model,

The compressor air inlet machine resistance mainly takes into account the flow resistance of air filter (two-stage), and above-mentioned resistance can be expressed as:

In formula: the numerical value of constant a is obtained by curve;

4) set up compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model,

Unit is under IGV temperature control rule, during constant-speed operation, and compressor efficiency-flow (external pressure is decided to be 101.3kPa) relationship description is:

In formula: the resistance that Δ p is gas handling system, kPa; Pa is external pressure, kPa.Coefficient a, b, c are obtained by the characteristic point bunch of actual operating data.This representation is for the corrected flow of gas compressor and amount to the substitution of Design of Rotation value resulting model.

6. heavy compressor air flow and efficiency on-line measurement device, it is characterized in that: comprise data acquisition unit (1), data processing unit (2), compressor measurements model unit (3), gas compressor real-time traffic unit (4) and gas compressor Real time Efficiency unit (5), load in data acquisition unit (1) Real-time Collection unit running process, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric moisture, the IGV aperture, the air inlet screen differential pressure, the on-the-spot Operational Limits of inlet manifold negative pressure, and data are sent to data processing unit, data processing unit carries out computing by the real time data of collecting and becomes data-signal, be sent to compressor measurements model unit (3) measuring and calculating, results of measuring is as gas compressor real-time empty throughput and gas compressor Real time Efficiency, and deliver to respectively gas compressor real-time traffic unit (4) and gas compressor Real time Efficiency unit (5).

7. heavy compressor air flow according to claim 6 and efficiency on-line measurement device, it is characterized in that: compressor measurements model unit (3) is by IGV temperature control rule model, the compressor pressure ratio model π c-(IGV of gas turbine, ta), gas compressor discharge model Gc-(IGV, ta), the compressor efficiency under compressor air inlet machine resistance model and IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model forms.

8. heavy compressor air flow according to claim 7 and efficiency on-line measurement device is characterized in that:

1) the IGV temperature control rule model of gas turbine

While referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, the temperature control rule model between turbine intake temperature T3 and IGV aperture, representation is described as:

T ₃=2.4725·IGV+1404.1,IGV≤39%

T ₃=0.6943·IGV+1473.4,IGV>39%；

2) compressor pressure ratio π c-(IGV, ta) model

While referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, compressor pressure ratio π c-(IGV, ta) relation, by representation, be described as: G _c=(at _a+ b) IGV ²+ (ct _a+ d) IGV+ (et _a+ f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains;

3) gas compressor flow Gc-(IGV, ta) model

While referring to the stable operation of unit on-load, gas compressor flow Gc-(IGV, ta) relation, by representation, be described as: G _c=(at _a+ b) IGV ²+ (ct _a+ d) IGV+ (et _a+ f)

In formula: the numerical value of constant a, b, c, d, e, f curve in figure obtains.

9. heavy compressor air flow according to claim 7 and efficiency on-line measurement device, it is characterized in that: the compressor air inlet machine resistance model, refer to that the compressor air inlet machine resistance mainly takes into account the flow resistance of air filter (two-stage), above-mentioned resistance can be expressed as:

In formula: the numerical value of constant a is obtained by curve.

10. heavy compressor air flow according to claim 7 and efficiency on-line measurement device, it is characterized in that: the compressor efficiency under IGV temperature control rule-rating curve model, refer to that unit is under IGV temperature control rule, during constant-speed operation, compressor efficiency-flow (external pressure is decided to be 101.3kPa) relation can be described as:

In formula: the resistance that Δ p is gas handling system, kPa; Pa is external pressure, kPa.Coefficient a, b, c are obtained by the characteristic point bunch of actual operating data.This formula is for the corrected flow of gas compressor and amount to the substitution of Design of Rotation value resulting model.

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