CN103496897A - Permeability and salt corrosion resistant cement and concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Permeability and salt corrosion resistant cement and concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103496897A CN103496897A CN201310426887.6A CN201310426887A CN103496897A CN 103496897 A CN103496897 A CN 103496897A CN 201310426887 A CN201310426887 A CN 201310426887A CN 103496897 A CN103496897 A CN 103496897A
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Abstract
The invention discloses permeability and salt corrosion resistant cement and concrete and a preparation method thereof. The permeability and salt corrosion resistant cement and concrete contains a permeability and salt corrosion resistant component, namely, bentonite and a bentonite texturizer, wherein the texturizer is a mixture of silicon dioxide powder and a water reducing agent; a mass ratio of the bentonite to active silicon dioxide powder to the water reducing agent is 100:(3-30):(0.3-3.5), and the total content of the salt corrosion resistant component, namely, bentonite and the bentonite texturizer is 5%-20% of the total weight of the cement. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the permeability and salt corrosion resistant cement and concrete. The permeability and salt corrosion resistant cement and the concrete disclosed by the invention have good permeability and salt corrosion resistant effect, and are low in cost, good in economical efficiency, and beneficial to lowering permeability and salt corrosion resistant engineering cost and improving engineering quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of impervious anti-salt erosion cement, concrete and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Cement is most widely used hydraulic cementing materials, it is concrete consolidating material, leave a large amount of capillary porosity ducts and drying shrinkage, heat expansion microfracture after its sclerosis, these micro-channels and crack provide path for the erosion of seepage and salt, created condition, cause cement or concrete product or concrete works seepage and salt erosion to destroy, especially impervious in the engineerings such as dam, tunnel, culvert, water channel, pond, tower, burrock, harbour and anti-salt erosion problem becomes a maximum engineering difficult problem.
The technological method of current solution cement, concrete works seepage and salt erosion problem can be summarized as four large classes: the one, one or multi-channel impervious barrier layer is set; The 2nd, add swelling agent and make it finer and close as expansions such as calcium sulfate generation calcium sulphoaluminates; The 3rd, the macromolecular material intention that adds a large amount of costlinesses is blocked duct and crack; The 4th, adopt special cement; Or adopt above-mentioned several class methods simultaneously.These methods are causing construction costs high in varying degrees, and maintenance cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and impervious anti-salt erosion cement, concrete of a kind of low cost of manufacture and preparation method thereof are provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is:
The impervious anti-salt erosion cement of the present invention, concrete, comprise admixture and cement clinker, also contain impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite and adjusting material, the mixture that described adjusting material is active silica powder and water reducer, the mass ratio of described impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite, active silica and water reducer is: wilkinite: active silica: water reducer=100:3～30:0.3～3.5, impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite and adjusting material total content are 4%～20% of cement total mass.
The wilkinite that described wilkinite is montmorillonite mineral content >=80% or modified alta-mud.
Described modified alta-mud is that calcium base, sodium base, hydrogen are aluminium base, magnesium base, lithium base or organism modified alta-mud, preferred inorganic-organism composite modified bentonite.
Described active silica powder is silicon industrial residue " silicon ash ", or Industrial products amorphous Si O
2powder (as white carbon black), or natural SiO
2mineral, as silica, diatomite ore etc., the 80 μ m that make tail over≤12% fine powder.
Described water reducer is naphthalene water reducer, melamine system water reducer, modified lignin mahogany sulfonate based water reducer, carboxylate salt based water reducer or sulfamate based water reducer.
The impervious anti-salt erosion cement of the present invention, concrete preparation method, comprise following steps: by predetermined proportion, described impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite, active silica are added in cement clinker together with conventional admixture and other additive with water reducer, enter cement mill, grinding, make impervious anti-salt erosion cement products together; Perhaps, first will make 80 μ m by impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite, active silica and water reducer to tail over<12% powder, then allocate in levigate chamotte powder or cement flour according to predetermined proportion, mix, make impervious anti-salt erosion cement products; Perhaps, when cement is constructed, the 80 μ m that will be made by impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite, active silica powder and water reducer by predetermined proportion tail over<and 12% powder adds in the batching of cement, concrete or mortar, and mixing becomes impervious anti-salt erosion concrete or mortar.
Described wilkinite is a kind of special inorganic silicon aluminium mineral material, in China, distributes wide, and reserves are large.Research shows, bentonitic essential mineral composition is montmorillonite, montmorillonite is the special aluminosilicate mineral that a class has interlayer structure, the 2:1 type crystal structure that its structure is comprised of two silicon-oxy tetrahedron folder one deck alumina octahedrals, be different from common clay mineral, have following significantly characteristic: the interlayer structure of (1) montmorillonite prosperity makes it have good swelling property, adsorptivity, ion exchangeable, available positively charged ion and polymer substance embed the abundant modification of its interlayer structure, and can be equipped with suitable material (as active silica flour, water reducer) adjust the performance of wilkinite in media environment, (2) the main aluminosilicate mineral in cement is had and melts mutually preferably adsorptivity, the buffer action of rare unselected clay class mineral, control unselected clay foreign matter content the suitably modification of bringing into, can not affect strength of cement, (3) splendid plasticoviscosity and oilness are arranged, water-swellable, its glue medium, expansion capacity, swelling value are superior, in cement, concrete medium environment through suitable modified after, meet water and can effectively block and fill capillary porosity duct and microfracture, the hazardness expansion stress that but can not cause ettringite and magnesium oxide and so on swelling agent to produce.
Know-why of the present invention is: (1) utilizes wilkinite or modified alta-mud through the active SiO of adjusting material
2water reducer molecule synergy with high absorbability, in cement, concrete medium environment, the activity of modified rear performance and interlayer absorption exchange activity, improve the blending to the cement hydration mineral, improve first concrete strength, second suppress and isolate the salt erosion impact of salt erosion ambient moisture; (2) utilize glue medium, expansion capacity, the swelling value characteristic of modified alta-mud excellence after modified, block in time capillary porosity duct and microfracture, and blocking-up and elimination salt erosion condition, problem lost with the impervious anti-salt that solves concrete works; (3) utilize colloid, breathing and the swelling of modified modified alta-mud and lubricious characteristic to dissolve alternation of wetting and drying, heat expansion and the freeze-thaw cycle damaging influence to concrete structure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the raw material wilkinite geologic reserve of (1) impervious anticorrosion component is large, the distribution face width, and source is wide, and cost is low, good economy performance; (2) can alleviate impervious anticorrosion Construction Technology difficulty, and the betterment works quality.(3) be conducive to significantly reduce cost and the maintenance cost of waterproof, seepage control engineering and the anti-salt erosion of seashore harbour engineering.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but these embodiment must not be for explaining limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Experimental water mud: certain cement mill, product 32.5 class g cements, be mainly used in civilian room and build and construction of water conservancy works, and cement fusion material is slag, flyash, Wingdale 1: 1: 1, the total consumption average out to 48% of fusion material, finished cement fineness 80um tails over≤and 3%.
The experiment wilkinite: piece granular sodium base bentonite, detect smectite content average out to 86%.
Active silica is silica, and water reducer is naphthalene water reducer, and the two is commercially available usual production.
The impervious anti-salt of the present embodiment loses the component wilkinite and adjusting material silica, naphthalene water reducer quality proportioning are, wilkinite 100: silica 15: water reducer 0.8.
The preparation of the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of the present embodiment: the described impervious anti-salt erosion component that will be equivalent to cement gross weight 7% adds in cement clinker together with conventional admixture and other additive, enter cement mill, reduce cement fusion material use quantity 7% simultaneously, grinding, produce 10000 tons of impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite as a trial.
Dry wilkinite is to 51 yuan/t of the price at factory, and the more former manufacture of cement of the present embodiment ton cement grinding power consumption reduces 4.5KWh, and the impervious anti-salt erosion manufacture of cement cost of ton wilkinite of the present invention is suitable with former manufacture of cement cost.Prepare concrete with the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite of the present invention.
The impervious anti-salt erosion concrete performance of the present embodiment wilkinite is measured: by the impervious anti-salt erosion concrete of wilkinite of the present invention, by " Standard for test methods of longterm performance and durability of ordinary concrete " regulation (GBT50082-2009), it is S10 that sample preparation detects its impervious grade.Use the impervious anti-salt erosion of the present embodiment cement supply locality to build ditch, canal, pond engineering, observed through 2 years, do not find obvious seepage and salt erosion phenomenon; Lay for ground, room, observed through 2 years, also without obvious Seepage, the impervious anti-salt erosion of feedback on probation is satisfactory for result.
The present embodiment cement normal consistency 22.8%, average 145 minutes of presetting period, average 209 minutes of final setting time, 3 days average intensity resistance to compression 21.8MPa, anti-folding 2.3MPa, 28 days average intensity resistance to compression 38.9MPa, anti-folding 3.7MPa.
Contrast:
Former cement is for ditch, canal, when pond is built with the floor floor file, and common reflection infiltration is serious, and a layer erosion breakaway occurs, and the maintenance engineering amount is large.The former cement-like of censorship can not be impervious, and under local environment moisture, the erosion of hydro project salt is serious.Former cement normal consistency 23.5%, average 146 minutes of presetting period, average 208 minutes of final setting time, 3 days average intensity resistance to compression 17.8MPa, anti-folding 1.9MPa, 28 days average intensity resistance to compression 36.2MPa, anti-folding 3.6MPa.
Measurement result is analyzed:
The cement that this enforcement is produced is compared with raw material cement, and impervious, anti-salt erosion ability is largely increased; The 3 days more former cement of ultimate compression strength in mechanical property aspect improves 4.0MPa, and within 28 days, intensity improves 2.7MPa.
Embodiment 2
The experiment raw material:
Cement: certain dry-process rotary kiln manufacturing enterprise, its production technique be grog and fusion material respectively grinding be chamotte powder and ground-slag, then take and mix that to blend be 42.5 grades of Portland cements supply Tunnel Engineering, take that to mix the ratio of blending be ground-slag 30%, chamotte powder 70%.The fusion material of grinding ground-slag is slag, cinder, separately adds 5% gypsum batching grinding and makes, 176 yuan/t of ground-slag account cost.
The base bentonite powder is received in modification: commercially available, detect smectite content average 90.5%, and bentonite in powder is to 185 yuan/t of the price at factory.
Chimney ash " silicon ash " and the melamine powder water reducer of commercially available silicon factory.
The ratio of the impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite of the present embodiment and adjusting material is: bentonite in powder: silicon ash: the water reducer weight ratio is 100:5:0.9.
The preparation of the impervious anti-salt erosion of the present embodiment cement: first wilkinite being pulverized is tail over<12% bentonite in powder of 80 μ m, then with silicon ash, water reducer, together with ground-slag, allocates in proportion in levigate chamotte powder, blends homogenizing and makes the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite; Impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite and adjusting material gross weight account for 5% of cement products gross weight, and simultaneously former ground-slag consumption reduces 5%.Prepare concrete with the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite of the present invention.
The impervious anti-salt erosion concrete performance of the present embodiment wilkinite is measured: the product that this enforcement is produced, and the censorship sample is by " Standard for test methods of longterm performance and durability of ordinary concrete " regulation (GBT50082-2009), and it is S12 that sample preparation detects concrete impervious grade.The impervious anti-salt erosion of 5000 tons of wilkinites of trial production cement does not add swelling agent in the Tunnel Engineering pilot scale used time, observation, ne-leakage and the salt erosion sign through 3 years with the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite, concrete that minute engineering section is on probation.
This enforcement product standard denseness 22.1%, average 151 minutes of presetting period, average 213 minutes of final setting time, 3 days average intensity resistance to compression 29.9MPa, anti-folding 3.1MPa, 28 days average intensity resistance to compression 50.8MPa, anti-folding 5.1Mpa.
Contrast:
42.5 grades of Portland cements of former use add the concrete of swelling agent under equal testing conditions, occur that obvious seepage and salt erosion destroy; Mix the swelling agent of cement weight 12% during tunnel construction as waterproof anti-permeability agent, but because geologic media water infiltration sulphate attack is still very serious.
42.5 grades of Portland cements of former use, standard consistency 22.8%, average 162 minutes of presetting period, average 215 minutes of final setting time, 3d average intensity resistance to compression 25.8MPa, anti-folding 2.8MPa, 28 days average intensity resistance to compression 48.4MPa, anti-folding 4.8MPa.
Measurement result is analyzed:
Engineering section on probation shows to be compared with 42.5 grades of Portland cements of former use, and the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of the wilkinite of the present embodiment, concrete impervious anti-salt lose satisfactory for result.The mechanical property aspect, the resistance to compression in 3 days of the present embodiment product improves 4MPa, and within 28 days, intensity improves 2.4MPa.
Embodiment 3
The experiment raw material:
Cement, certain cement mill, produce low aluminium dam grog, 42.5 grades of special cements of product, mainly, as seashore burrock engineering and the anti-wave cone of manufacture pier, cement fusion material is slag and flyash 1:1, the total consumption average out to 30% of fusion material, finished cement fineness 80um tails over≤and 5%.
Wilkinite, commercially available, detecting smectite content is 91%, and dry wilkinite is to 56 yuan/t of the price at factory, and than the comprehensive average price of fusion material, 98 yuan/t is cheap; Diatomite concentrate and naphthalene water reducer are commercially available prod.
The ratio of the impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite of the present embodiment and adjusting material is: selected wilkinite and adjusting material diatomite and naphthalene water reducer ratio are wilkinite 100: diatomite 28: water reducer 1.5.
The preparation of the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of the present embodiment: the total consumption of wilkinite and wilkinite adjusting material (diatomite and water reducer) accounts for 8% of cement gross weight, reduces slag consumption 8% simultaneously, by former processing method batching grinding, makes impervious, the anti-salt erosion of wilkinite cement.Ton cement grinding power consumption reduces 5KWh, and the ton cement cost is suitable.Use the inventive method, produce 5000 tons of impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite as a trial.Prepare concrete with the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite of the present invention.
The impervious anti-salt erosion concrete performance of the present embodiment wilkinite is measured: the present embodiment product sample presentation is by " Standard for test methods of longterm performance and durability of ordinary concrete " regulation (GBT50082-2009), and it is S10 that sample preparation detects concrete impervious grade.More than 5000 tons of cement of trial production, for seashore burrock engineering, are cancelled silicon ash and calcium sulfate class swelling agent during the mixing concrete, through observation in 3 years, have no obvious marine denudation peeling, and impervious anti-salt erosion effect is more satisfactory.
The impervious anti-salt erosion cement normal consistency 22.2% of wilkinite, average 183 minutes of presetting period, average 249 minutes of final setting time, 3 days average intensity resistance to compression 23.9MPa, anti-folding 2.5MPa, 28 days average intensity resistance to compression 48.9MPa, anti-folding 4.8MPa,
Contrast:
The former cement of using, press the GBT50082-2009 regulation, and its concrete impervious grade is S4.In seashore burrock engineering, adopt 42.5 grades of special cements to add silicon ash and water reducer and calcium sulfate swelling agent mixing concrete, but the concrete salt erosion of burrock breakaway phenomenon is still serious, maintenance cost is high.
The former cement of using, standard consistency 22.1%, average 176 minutes of presetting period, average 248 minutes of final setting time, 3d average intensity resistance to compression 20.8MPa, anti-folding 2.3MPa, 28 days average intensity resistance to compression 46.3MPa, anti-folding 4.5MPa.
Measurement result is analyzed:
The more former cement of the impervious anti-salt erosion effect of the present embodiment product has had larger lifting; The mechanical property aspect, resistance to compression in 3 days improves 3.1MPa, and within 28 days, intensity improves 2.6MPa.
embodiment 4
The experiment raw material:
Cement, 42.5 class g cement, grog and fusion material grinding respectively are chamotte powder and ground-slag, then take by a certain percentage and mix that to blend be 42.5 class g cements, the fusion material of grinding ground-slag is slag, flyash, separately add 3% anhydrite batching grinding and make, 183 yuan/t of ground-slag account cost, its 42.5 class g cement is that ground-slag 28%, chamotte powder 72% are blent and formed.
Inorganic-organism modified alta-mud powder, commercially available, detect smectite content average 92.1%; Silicon ash and naphthalene are the powder water reducer, commercially available.
The ratio of the impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite of the present embodiment and adjusting material is: bentonite in powder: silicon ash: the water reducer part by weight is 100:12:3.
The impervious anti-salt erosion cement of the present embodiment preparation: by former cement production process method, when blending, finished product allocates into, by the pre-mixing of described impervious anti-salt erosion component, allocate into again in levigate cement flour, blend homogenizing and make the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite, consumption accounts for 7% of cement gross weight, and simultaneously, former ground-slag consumption reduces 7%; Produce 5000 tons of impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite as a trial.Prepare concrete with the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of wilkinite of the present invention.
The impervious anti-salt erosion concrete performance of the present embodiment wilkinite is measured: the impervious anti-salt erosion cement censorship sample of the wilkinite of the present embodiment is by " Standard for test methods of longterm performance and durability of ordinary concrete " regulation (GBT50082-2009), it is S12 that sample preparation detects concrete impervious grade, the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of 5000 tons of wilkinites of trial production swelling agent that do not add on probation in subway engineering, engineering section on probation, observation through 2 years, do not find seepage and salt erosion sign.
The impervious anti-salt erosion cement normal consistency 22.3% of swelling, average 151 minutes of presetting period, average 213 minutes of final setting time, 3 days average intensity resistance to compression 31.9MPa, anti-folding 3.3MPa, 28 days average intensity resistance to compression 50.8MPa, anti-folding 5.1MPa.
Control experiment:
The former cement of using, during the subway engineering construction, the vitriol swelling agent of water mixing mud weight 10% is made water-resisting agent, but, because the erosion of surface water permeate portion section salt is more serious, keeps in repair pretty troublesome.
The former cement of using, standard consistency 22.5%, average 147 minutes of presetting period, average 215 minutes of final setting time, 3d average intensity resistance to compression 26.3MPa, anti-folding 2.8MPa, 28 days average intensity resistance to compression 48.6MPa, anti-folding 4.8MPa.
Measurement result is analyzed:
The more former cement of impervious, the anti-salt erosion effect of the present embodiment product has a distinct increment, and has reached comparatively desirable effect.The mechanical property aspect, resistance to compression in 3 days improves 5.6MPa, and within 28 days, intensity improves 2.2MPa.
case study on implementation 5
Certain Of Concrete Mixing Station, for the client provides each grade commerical ready-mixed concrete.A large-scale sewage treatment project need be built in one chemical plant, sewage is alkalescence and salt content is high, requirement provides C35 label, the impervious grade of S12 and concrete that can the erosion of anti-soil water salt, and this Of Concrete Mixing Station technician joins through examination repeatedly, still can't meet customer need.
The present embodiment experiment raw material:
Cement, 42.5 class g cements, commercially available.
Organism modification sodium bentonite in powder, silicon ash and modified lignosulfonate water reducing agent, commercially available.
The ratio of the impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite of the present embodiment and adjusting material is: bentonite in powder: silicon ash: water reducer is 100:20:3.
The preparation of the impervious anti-salt erosion cement of the present embodiment: the total consumption of wilkinite and adjusting material accounts for 15% of cement gross weight, when the mixing concrete, bentonite in powder, silicon ash and water reducer is measured and allocates into respectively.
The impervious anti-salt that mixing goes out loses concrete, meets the use needs of sewage treatment project fully, through the operations of nearly 3 years, observes, and does not find seepage salt erosion phenomenon, and impervious anti-salt erosion effect is more satisfactory.
Claims (9)
1. an impervious anti-salt loses cement, concrete, comprise admixture and cement clinker, it is characterized in that, also contain impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite and wilkinite adjusting material, the mixture that described adjusting material is active silica powder and water reducer, the mass ratio of described wilkinite, active silica powder and water reducer is: wilkinite: active silica: water reducer=100:3～30:0.3～3.5, impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite and adjusting material total content are 4%～20% of cement total mass.
2. impervious anti-salt erosion cement according to claim 1, concrete, is characterized in that: described wilkinite: active silica: water reducer=100:5～15:0.8～3.0.
3. impervious anti-salt according to claim 1 loses cement, concrete, it is characterized in that: impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite and adjusting material total content are 5%～15% of cement gross weight.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described impervious anti-salt erosion cement, concrete, it is characterized in that: described wilkinite is that calcium base, sodium base, hydrogen are aluminium base, magnesium base, lithium base or organism modified alta-mud, or inorganics-organism composite modified bentonite.
5. lose cement, concrete according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described impervious anti-salt, it is characterized in that: described active silica powder is that amorphous Si O is produced in silicon industrial residue " silicon ash ", industry
2powder, or natural SiO
2the 80 μ m that mineral are made tail over≤12% fine powder.
6. impervious anti-salt erosion cement according to claim 5, concrete, is characterized in that: described industry product amorphous Si O
2powder is white carbon black.
7. impervious anti-salt erosion cement according to claim 5, concrete, is characterized in that: described natural SiO
2mineral are silica or diatomite.
8. lose cement, concrete according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described impervious anti-salt, it is characterized in that: described water reducer is naphthalene water reducer, melamine system water reducer, polycarboxylate based water reducer, sulfamate based water reducer or modified lignin mahogany sulfonate based water reducer.
9. one kind as impervious anti-salt erosion cement, concrete preparation method as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, comprise following steps: by predetermined proportion, described impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite, active silica are added in cement clinker together with conventional admixture and other additive with water reducer, enter cement mill, grinding, make impervious anti-salt erosion cement products together; Perhaps, first will make 80 μ m by impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite, active silica and water reducer to tail over≤12% powder, then allocate in levigate chamotte powder or cement flour according to predetermined proportion, mix, make impervious anti-salt erosion cement products; Perhaps, when cement is constructed, the 80 μ m that will be made by impervious anti-salt erosion component wilkinite, active silica powder and water reducer by predetermined proportion tail over<and 12% powder adds in the batching of cement, concrete or mortar, and mixing becomes impervious anti-salt erosion concrete or mortar.
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| CN201310426887.6A CN103496897B (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | Permeability and salt corrosion resistant cement and concrete and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2013/087626 WO2015032131A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-11-21 | Bentonite modifier, and modified bentonite and application thereof |
| US14/379,791 US9944557B2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-11-21 | Bentonite modifier, modified bentonite, and use thereof |
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| CN108455942A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of high intensity high resistance to corrosion composite gelled material and preparation method thereof |
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