CN103490960B - Spatial information planar network architecture based on Wired Equivalency network - Google Patents

Abstract

For high-speed aircraft networkings numerous to space, the concept of Wired Equivalency network WEN is proposed.WEN is processed the aircraft in space by region, track, function classification.First, the middle low-orbit aircraft an of synchronous satellite and its field of view can connect networking them, at short notice (without the discrepancy of aircraft) by wireless link, it is believed that this is a wired local area network of short-term connected into some long optical cables, cable.Secondly, can find in the numerous high-speed aircraft in space that some points are relatively-stationary.They are synchronous satellite and earth station.These points are connected into net through broadband inter satellite link ISL, satellite-ground link SGL, it is believed that this is a wired network steady in a long-term connected into some long optical cables, cable.Again, the medium-term and long-term stable wired network of space can connect into wired for space middle or short term local area network on the broad area net in space as backbone network.Finally design handoff techniques makes short-term wired network become the long-term wired network of dynamic stability.

Description

Spatial information planar network architecture based on Wired Equivalency network

Technical field space electronics

Background technology

Described spatial information net SIN refers to the information of the terrestrial space aircraft composition of below geostationary orbit GEO Information Network ESIN of network, also referred to as terrestrial space, to distinguish deep space Information Network DSIN or interplanetary Internet IPN.

Immense space have numerous high-speed aircraft (satellite, airship, guided missile, face hollow panel, unmanned plane ...), space scale Change is complicated greatly, and the network architecture and the link model of SIN change in Space Time territory large scale, and weak output signal in network postpones Greatly.Space and ground are in network environment, and network function, the aspect difference such as service object is the biggest.Ground network framework, agreement, biography Transmission link cannot be directly used to SIN.Need to study the network adapting to spatial environments and function, this is also that the focus of academia discussion is asked Topic: " the structure research of spatial information net SIN " emphasis consulting research project was assigned in 2010 by the Chinese Academy of Engineering information department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, It is responsible for by declarer.This problem was carried out an acceptance inspection evaluation by the academician of 15 information departments of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Zhengzhou by the information department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2013. Review comment book is pointed out: " report for SIN Space-time Domain high dynamically, long delay, high bit error, isomerism discuss wired etc. The concepts such as effect network WEN, area of space net SLAN, space wide area network SWAN ", finally think that the conclusion of research report and suggestion have Perspective, comprehensive, novelty；National Foundation has organized repeatedly " Shuan Qing forum " that the underlying issue about SIN is discussed.Declare Person participated in 41 phases, 47 phases, 63 the phase forum, and make plenary lecture.The Wired Equivalency network WEN that declarer proposes is as SIN base Plinth architectural schemes, obtains everybody common recognition；Market department of CAST Xi’an Branch of the Chinese Academy of Space Technology also require that declarer make " my god Air-ground integrated network " explore the beforehand research of deposit property；Duo Suo colleges and universities, association, research unit invite declarer to make relevant academic report. Above-mentioned situation also obtains everybody and is concerned about, it is proposed that declares patent of invention, not only promotes but also protect this knowledge.

Summary of the invention

In immense space, there is numerous aircraft high-speed flight, for they networkings, propose Wired Equivalency network WEN The concept of (Wired Equivalent Network).WEN is processed the aircraft in space by region, track, function classification. First, a synchronous satellite and the middle low-orbit aircraft MS of its field of view, physically by wireless link, they can be connected Networking, does not has former MS to leave away in a short time not having new MS to enter, it is believed that this is one and connects into some long cables yet The wired local area network of short-term.Secondly, although the numerous aircraft in space changes in Space Time territory large scale, but can set Put some relatively-stationary points.They are synchronous satellite and earth station.These points physically can interspace through microwave or laser Link ISL, satellite-ground link SGL connect into network.It is believed that this is connect into a some long cables and spacecraft The cable network steady in a long-term that life-span is suitable.Again, the cable network that space is steady in a long-term can be short space as backbone network Phase wired local area network connects into the broad area net in space.It is finally to solve " short-term " problem, devises more for this District's handoff protocol, becomes a short-term cable network the long-term Wired Equivalency network of dynamic stability, i.e. SIN.

Detailed content based on WEN structure SIN is described below above:

1, on geo-stationary orbit GEO, a telemetry communication satellite TCS (TTC&COM Satellite) is placed.International TTC (Tracking Telemetering&Command) China insider claims " observing and controlling ".Integrated document [1] → [6] described skill Art, can make TCS simultaneously to the spacecraft in its visual field, i.e. user USER or title movement station MS, carries out observing and controlling and communication. Though there being the Larger Dynamic change in time and space of the first universal speed between TCS and numerous MS of its service area, but still narrow beam can be passed through Multiple target tracking and CDMA CDMA technology connect with wireless link, such as the cable network having some long cables to connect into. The Larger Dynamic of WEN postpones, and low signal-to-noise ratio, network environment and function, service object etc. has the biggest difference with ground network, two kinds The agreement of the network operation is the most different.The ICP/IP protocol that ground network runs, and WEN can use existing CCSDS agreement Or other spatial data criterion agreement.Agreement does not belong to this patent scope.

2, area of space net SLAN (Space Local Area Network) is set up.SLAN based on WEN such as Fig. 1 institute Show.This is basic service set If-BSS having base frame.TCS is accessing points AP.The networking aircraft of TCS overlay area Movement station MS, i.e. user (USER).The major function of AP is: 1. AP communicates with each MS, can not directly lead between each MS Letter, can be communicated by AP when needing.2. AP is responsible for whole SLAN and nets outer communication.3. SLAN is managed by AP, including session Management, power management, management by synchronization.Session management include MS application add SLAN time certification, association, data exchange time ground Location is filtered, is encrypted and information protection.Power management refers to that each MS is in (only receive and do not send out) state of mourning in silence time flat, when the inquiry receiving AP Rear just work answers transmitting.Management by synchronization ensures that the carrier wave of sending and receiving end, clock, code bit, frame, identification number etc. synchronize.

3, space wide area network SWAN (Space Wide Area Network) is set up.Although the numerous aircraft in space time- Spatial domain large scale change, but in Constellation Design, it is relatively-stationary for still can arranging some points.They are synchronous satellite and ground Station, face.These points are connected into backbone network, as shown in thickness in Fig. 1 through broadband inter satellite link ISL, satellite-ground link SGL.Handle now Some SLAN constitute SWAN through backbone network, i.e. SIN.So, one is become the network of geo-stationary with change in time and space network. SWAN is by more than 3 TCS on geo-stationary orbit and ground observing and controlling telecommunication management center (GTCMC) and numerous MS (i.e. USER) group Become.The Constellation Design of backbone network is as shown in Figure 2.TCS eastWithTCS westPosition accurately can be determined by GTCMC.In TCSPosition Can be by knownTCS eastWithTCS westPosition and ISL1, ISL2, ISL3 distance of measurement and angle-determining.Fig. 2 marks The field of view angle of longitude and latitude and single access multiple access antenna is entirely citing, can be other values.SWAN covers the whole world in addition to the two poles of the earth. So, GTCMC just can to the whole world net in MS be managed and communicate.

4, the handover of MS.Handover ensures that the MS orbited the earth is seamless and is connected with SWAN.Realizing GTCMC can be right MS carries out transparent telemetry communication.When MS flies to the SLAN2 handover to be carried out of TCS2 administration from the SLAN1 that TCS1 administers, The i.e. common factor district, spatial domain at SLAN1 Yu SLAN2 completes handover agreement: (1) TCS1 is MS tracked accurate measurement in SLAN1 Flight parameter passes to TCS2 by ISL；(2) TCS2 is ready to the wave beam needed for this MS telemetry communication and channel, and predetermined Angular range is searched for；After TCS2 receives the beacon of this MS or answer signal tenacious tracking, notify TCS1 by ISL；(3)TCS1 Sending the information needed for this MS session management and this MS attribute data to TCS2 after notified, TCS2 is to this MS certification；Should MS is associated with SLAN2；TCS2 replaces TCS1 and this MS is made observing and controlling and communication service；(4) if M MS Duan Yuequ at the same time, TCS have Having telemetry communication ability parallel to multiple target, TCS1 leads to i (i=1 → M) MS flight parameter of tracked accurate measurement in SLAN1 Cross ISL and pass to TCS2；TCS2 is ready to the multi-beam needed for each MS telemetry communication and channel；TCS2 tenacious tracking i (i=1 → M), after MS, TCS1 is notified；TCS1 sends the information needed for i MS session management and this star attribute data to TCS2；TCS2 is to i MS certification；I MS is associated with SLAN2；TCS2 replaces TCS1 and i MS is made observing and controlling and communication service；So M MS is carried out more district Switching.

Detailed description of the invention

Implement foregoing invention content, strategy is act of state, in tactics, universally acknowledged integrated innovation need to be used Method.In addition to integrated data [1] → [6] technology, the most a lot of prior arts can be used, and certainly, these single technologies do not belong to this The scope of the claims.

The main research of WEN is Constellation Design, handover, backbone network and access network link, Multi target TT&C and Communication, procotol and critical point conversion-relaying.Specific as follows:

1, Constellation Design should make I domestic GTCMC 3 TCS covering the whole world can be made accurate TTC and communication, and be faced upward Angle is more than 15 °.Illustrate: setting GTCMC in Xi'an, longitude and latitude is (108.9 °, 34.3 °).Can see when the GTCMC angle of pitch is ε Measure the maximum longitude Δ λ of synchronous satellite as shown in Figure 3:

Therefore

Known γ and ε obtains: β=90-(γ+ε)

In spherical triangle PGS':

Cos β=cos (L'/r_E)=cos φ_GCos Δ λ event

The farthest longitude of synchronous satellite:

Xi'an longitude and latitude is substituted into, is 5 ° with the Mathcad computed in software survey station angle of pitch, 10 °, 15 °, satellite when 20 ° Maximum longitude λ_S.One group of data of redline are labeled on Fig. 2TCS east170.16°E.In like manner can obtainTCS west47.61°E。In TCSPosition can be by knownTCS eastWithTCS westPosition and measurable ISL1, ISL2, ISL3 distance and angle true Fixed.

RE:=6378Km RS:=42166Km e:=5 i:=1..4 ε_i:=i e

φ g:=34.2657deg λ g:=108.88deg

$\begin{array}{cc}{\mathrm{\γ}}_i:=asin\left(\frac{RE\·cos({\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i\·d)}{RS}\right)& {\mathrm{\β}}_i:=\left(\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{2}\right)-({\mathrm{\γ}}_i+{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_i\·d)\end{array}$

λs_i:=λ g+ Δ λ_i

2, handover ensures that the USER that orbits the earth is seamless and is connected with SWAN.Realize GTCMC can USER be carried out Bright telemetry communication.When MS flies to the SLAN2 handover to be carried out of TCS2 administration from the SLAN1 that TCS1 administers, i.e. at SLAN1 Following agreement is completed with the common factor district, spatial domain of SLAN2:

(1) TCS1 passes to TCS2 USER flight parameter of tracked accurate measurement in SLAN1 by ISL:

(2) TCS2 is ready to the wave beam needed for this star telemetry communication and channel, and searches at predetermined angular range.TCS2 After receiving beacon or the answer signal, and tenacious tracking of this star, notify TCS1 by ISL.

(3) send the information needed for this star session management and this star attribute data TCS2 to TCS2 after TCS1 is notified To this star certification；This star is associated with SLAN2；TCS2 replaces TCS1 and this star is made observing and controlling and communication service.Due to have TCS1 to The transfer of TCS2, authentication associated rapidly realizes seamless switching.

(4) if M MS Duan Yuequ at the same time, TCS have telemetry communication ability parallel to multiple target, TCS1 i (i=1 → M) MS flight parameter of tracked accurate measurement in SLAN1 passes to TCS2 by ISL；Needed for TCS2 is ready to each star telemetry communication Multi-beam and channel；After TCS2 tenacious tracking i (i=1 → M) MS, notify TCS1；TCS1 sends i MS session pipe to TCS2 Information needed for reason and this star attribute data；TCS2 is to i MS certification；I MS is associated with SLAN2；TCS2 replaces TCS1 to i MS Make observing and controlling and communication service；So M MS is carried out handover.

3, backbone network and access network link

Backbone link, as shown in red line thick in Fig. 1, is formed by ISL and SGL, each TCS is connected and composed SWAN.Physically ISL and SGL typically uses microwave M W or FSO FSO link technology, Multi target TT&C and the communication technology of maturation Realize with the prior art such as single-pulse track angle measurement technique.Transmit difficulty in an atmosphere due to FSO, general SGL uses microwave links Road realizes.Access network link is as shown in the black thin in SLAN in Fig. 1.Lead between AP (i.e. TCS) and each MS in SLAN Letter airlink.Physically general use ripe microwave M W or FSO FSO link technology, Multi target TT&C and The prior arts such as communication technology and single-pulse track angle measurement technique realize.

4, the space link of SWAN runs agreement and can use existing CCSDS agreement or other spatial data criterion agreement. Ground communication is ripe TCP/IP procotol (with cellular mobile communication agreement).Two kinds of agreements change in the star earth mat Central Shanxi Plain, Packaging and relaying.These are beyond this patent scope.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

In FIG: 1 is space LAN SLAN1；2 is space LAN SLAN2；3 is space LAN SLAN3；4 are Inter satellite link ISL1；5 is inter satellite link ISL2；6 is inter satellite link ISL3；7 is star-ground link SGL；8 is ground observing and controlling communication Administrative center GTCMC；9 is accessing points AP of SLAN；10 is the movement station MS or user USER of SLAN；11 is space wide area network SWAN i.e. spatial information net SIN；

In fig. 2: 12 is geostationary orbit GEO；13 is telemetry communication star westTCS west, position in Constellation Design is illustrated At the E of 47.61 ° of equator；14 is telemetry communication star eastTCS east, it is positioned at the E of 170.16 ° of equator in Constellation Design is illustrated；15 are In telemetry communication starIn TCS, the position that it is gone up under the line can be by knownTCS eastWithTCS westPosition and measurable ISL1, ISL2, ISL3 distance and angle-determining；16 is the earth；17 is the single access antenna angle of visual field of TCS, citing: east-west direction E-W=± 22 °, North and South direction N-S=± 28 °, certainly may also be other values；18 is the multiple access antenna field of view angle of TCS, citing: be 26 ° of circles Taper；

In figure 3: 19 is the earth；20 is equator；21 is the earth's core；22 is arctic P；23 is earth radius R_E；24 is GTCMC Position G；25 is the TCS on geo-stationary orbit；26 is the angle of pitch ε of 24 observations 25.

Reference material [1] → [6]

[1] Yang Shizhong, Yang Lisheng etc., the research of multi-aircraft observation and control technology, aerospace journal, 2002-6

[2] Yang Lisheng, poplar scholar are medium, multiobject search, imaging, tracking, observing and controlling and communication.Chinese journal of scientific instrument, 2007-10

[3] Lisheng Yang, Shizhong Yang, DBF Monopulse Technique and System for Multitarget Tracking, Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing, 2009 (02)

The Search/Track method of [4] Yang Shizhong, movable satellite ground station system and use thereof, patent No. ZL 02 1 26611.5

[5] Yang Shizhong, Yang Lisheng, aerial multi-target imaging searching method and system, patent No. ZL 200710080825.9

[6] Yang Shizhong, Yang Lisheng etc., single pulse multiple target tracking method and system, patent No. ZL 2,006 1 0142664.7

Claims (4)

1. the method building spatial information net SIN based on Wired Equivalency network WEN: place a synchronization on geo-stationary orbit Satellite, i.e. telemetry communication satellite TCS；With described TCS as accessing points, the networking aircraft of its overlay area is movement station MS, will The middle low-orbit aircraft of described TCS and its field of view is considered as the Wired Equivalency network WEN connected into by cable, and based on described WEN sets up area of space net SLAN；By relatively-stationary aircraft, the most described TCS and earth station by inter satellite link ISL, star Ground link SGL connects into backbone network, more some described SLAN are constituted described SIN through backbone network；Wherein, when described MS is from one When the SLAN1 of TCS administration flies to the SLAN2 of another TCS administration, handover to be carried out, i.e. in the spatial domain of SLAN1 Yu SLAN2 Common factor district completes following handover agreement: (1) TCS1 is passed MS flight parameter of tracked accurate measurement in SLAN1 by ISL To TCS2；(2) TCS2 is ready to the wave beam needed for this MS telemetry communication and channel, and searches at predetermined angular range；TCS2 After receiving the beacon of this MS or answer signal tenacious tracking, notify TCS1 by ISL；(3) the notified backward TCS2 of TCS1 Sending the information needed for this MS session management and this MS attribute data, TCS2 is to this MS certification；This MS is associated with SLAN2； TCS2 replaces TCS1 and this MS is made observing and controlling and communication service；(4) if M MS Duan Yuequ at the same time, described TCS has multiple target Parallel telemetry communication ability, TCS1 is MS_iIn SLAN1, the flight parameter of tracked accurate measurement passes to TCS2 by ISL, wherein i For integer from 1 to M successively；TCS2 is ready to each MS_iMulti-beam needed for telemetry communication and channel；TCS2 tenacious tracking MS_i After, notify TCS1；TCS1 sends MS to TCS2_iInformation needed for session management and this star attribute data；TCS2 is to MS_iCertification； MS_iIt is associated with SLAN2；TCS2 replaces TCS1 to MS_iMake observing and controlling and communication service；So M MS is carried out handover.

Method the most according to claim 1, gathers the MS of TCS described in one and its field of view, enters not having new MS Do not have former MS to leave away in a short time, be considered as a short-term Wired Equivalency network WEN connected into cable yet, and based on described WEN sets up described SLAN.

Method the most according to claim 2, although the numerous aircraft in space changes in Space Time territory large scale, but passes through star Seat design, arranges some and is relatively fixed a little, be i.e. synchronous satellite and earth station, and these points physically connect into net through wireless link Network, is considered as a steady in a long-term Wired Equivalency network suitable with the spacecraft life-span that is that connect into, and conduct with cable Backbone network connects into SLAN described in space on the broad area net in space, is referred to as space wide area network SWAN based on WEN.

4. according to the method described in claim 1 or claim 2, when MS flies to the common factor district of SLAN1 Yu SLAN2, by more District's handoff protocol carries out handover, makes described SIN service seamless to the telemetry communication of MS, wired etc. based on short-term one The SLAN of effect network struction becomes the SLAN that long-term dynamics is stable.