CN103489748A - Low-pressure mercury electric-discharge lamp and ultraviolet disinfection and sterilization device - Google Patents
Low-pressure mercury electric-discharge lamp and ultraviolet disinfection and sterilization device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103489748A CN103489748A CN201310451509.3A CN201310451509A CN103489748A CN 103489748 A CN103489748 A CN 103489748A CN 201310451509 A CN201310451509 A CN 201310451509A CN 103489748 A CN103489748 A CN 103489748A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
- H01J61/72—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
- H01J61/20—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent mercury vapour
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/10—Ultra-violet radiation
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-pressure mercury electric-discharge lamp. The low-pressure mercury electric-discharge lamp comprises a sealing cavity, wherein the sealing cavity contains indium-mercury alloy or indium-mercury multi-component alloy, and the mass proportion of effective indium and mercury in the indium-mercury alloy or the indium-mercury multi-component alloy is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2. The low-pressure mercury electric-discharge lamp is small in size, high in lighting effect and stable in light output and can still stably control mercury vapor pressure at the temperature of higher than 170 DEG C. Correspondingly, the invention further discloses an ultraviolet disinfection and sterilization device including the low-pressure mercury electric-discharge lamp. The ultraviolet disinfection and sterilization device can still improve ultraviolet ray output and is stable in light output on the premise that the sectional area or the volume of a disinfection cavity is decreased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the discharge lamp field, particularly a kind of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp and a kind of ultraviolet disinfector that adopts above-mentioned low-pressure mercury discharge lamp.
Background technology
In low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, mercury vapor pressure P
hgwith mercury atom concentration, be directly proportional, with P
hgraise, mercury atom concentration raises, and the chance of mercury atom and electron collision increases, and mercury atom is excited to 6
3p
1the chance of state increases gradually, the radiation efficiency η of 253.7nm
uValso just improve gradually.But mercury atom concentration raises, except mercury atom is energized into 6
3p
1beyond the chance of state increases, also can produce contrary impact, the 253.7nm radiation that atomic emissions goes out, shine on contiguous ground state mercury atom, and contiguous atom transits to 6 with regard to likely absorbing this radiation
3p
1state, produce resonance absorption.When mercury vapor pressure is very low, this resonance absorption can't cause obvious light loss, because absorb the atom of photon, again these photons is radiated again very soon, then returns to ground state.When mercury vapor pressure rises to high value, the impact of this resonance absorption just be can not ignore, because at this moment the concentration of mercury atom can reach 10
14/ cm
3the order of magnitude, the photon of the 253.7nm of an atomic emissions radiates from lamp, on average will be through 10
2～10
3inferior absorption and emission process again.Because this process is very frequent, the atom that absorbs photon just also has little time to produce radiation and electronics or other atoms bump, this atom just may be excited to higher energy level, give off visible ray, perhaps the energy of this atom loses because of collision, thereby cause 253.7nm ultraviolet conversion efficiency to reduce, η
uVjust reduce.Therefore, in low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, exist an optimum mercury pressure (with P
0mean), in lamp, mercury vapor pressure is P
0the time, 253.7nm ultraviolet conversion efficiency is the highest, and in lamp, actual mercury vapor pressure departs from P
0the time, the lower voltage of fluorescent tube, 253.7nm ultraviolet conversion efficiency reduces.Different lamps, as caliber is different, tube current density difference, its optimum mercury pressure value P
0different.Caliber is less, P
0be worth larger.When lamp current is 100-300mA,
low pressure mercury lamp, P0=1.2Pa; And
low pressure mercury lamp, P
0=1.7Pa.In addition, the continuous working temperature zone of △ T90(light output from 90% to 100% fluctuation correspondence), the continuous working temperature zone of △ T95(light output from 95% to 100% fluctuation correspondence) with consolidating, the mercury characteristic is relevant, also relevant with caliber, tube current density.
The higher low-pressure mercury discharge lamp for the tube wall temperature, as low-pressure high-strength high-power ultraviolet lamp or have the sealing lampshade the integral compact fluorescent lamp, fluorescent tube temperature everywhere is the corresponding liquid mercury temperature far above optimum mercury pressure all, if do not take measures, in lamp, mercury vapor pressure will surpass optimum value, causes light efficiency to reduce.Generally speaking, using mercury alloy is the effective means commonly used of controlling mercury vapor pressure in lamp.
In order to improve light efficiency, it is the corresponding optimum mercury pressure P of lamp that low-pressure mercury discharge lamp requires the vapor pressure values that in lamp, mercury alloy is controlled
0; For the discreteness that reduces lamp, improve adaptability to ambient temperature, reduce the fluctuation of light output, require mercury alloy in certain temperature range, the optimum mercury pressure P that the vapor pressure values of control is required at lamp
0near fluctuation in very narrow scope, △ T95 value is the bigger the better.
Data is introduced, and indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy can be controlled mercury vapor pressure, and the mass percent of mercury in mercury alloy is 3-20%.The mass percent that In-Hg(Hg is typically arranged is 12%), corresponding to
fluorescent lamp, △ T90 is 72-130 ℃; The mass percent of In-Hg(Hg is 6%), △ T90 is 83-156 ℃.The mass percent of finding In-Hg(Hg through careful research is 6%) alloy mercury vapor pressure decline in the time of 140 ℃, the flex point that exists mercury vapor pressure to descend.Along with the reduction of mercurous ratio, as the mass percent of In-Hg(Hg is 5%), the mass percent of In-Hg(Hg is 4%), flex point place mercury vapor pressure can further descend.Secondly, the indium mercury alloy that mercurous ratio is 12-20% or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, its temperature of controlling mercury vapor pressure is less than 130 ℃, the temperature that the indium mercury alloy that mercurous ratio is 6-12% or indium mercury multicomponent alloy are controlled mercury vapor pressure is less than 155 ℃, and the temperature that the indium mercury alloy that mercurous ratio is 3-6% or indium mercury multicomponent alloy are controlled mercury vapor pressure is less than 170 ℃.The low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the Large Diameter Pipeline high current density of some type, its tube wall temperature is greater than 170 ℃, P
0for 1.0Pa-2.0Pa, and light output η UV can change and change fast along with mercury vapor pressure relatively, and to mercury vapor pressure value sensitivity, this just requires mercury vapor pressure to be centered around central value is P
0the interior fluctuation of narrower scope, improve △ T95 value, and the discreteness of minimizing lamp, raising are to the adaptability of ambient temperature, the fluctuation of minimizing light output.Obviously, mercurous ratio is that 3-20% indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy can't meet these requirements.
The mass percent of existing typical Bi-In-Hg(Hg is 3.5%) the mercury vapor pressure fluctuation of mercury alloy is large, and the light output pulsation is large.This mercury alloy flex point occurs when temperature is 100-105 ℃ (flex point), and mercury vapor pressure declines to a great extent.For optimum mercury pressure, be 1.2Pa
electricity-saving lamp △ T95 has two temperature provinces, and temperature range is respectively 15 ℃ (78-93 ℃), and 16 ℃ (110-126 ℃) lacks larger △ T95 scope continuously; For optimum mercury pressure, be 1.5Pa
electricity-saving lamp △ T95 is about 13 ℃ (115-128 ℃); For optimum mercury pressure, be 1.7Pa
electricity-saving lamp, △ T95 is about 12 ℃ (118-130 ℃), and △ T95 value is all less.Therefore, the mass percent of Bi-In-Hg(Hg is 3.5%) mercury alloy is only applicable to the extra heavy pipe footpath of early stage research, the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of low current density.
The mass percent of existing typical Bi-Pb-Sn-Hg(Hg is less than 1%) alloy can work in 170 ℃-240 ℃, but in this temperature province, mercury alloy can not be stablized the control mercury vapor pressure, and the mercury vapor pressure fluctuation is large, and △ T95 is little.
In addition, traditional lighting is 0.03-0.13A/cm by the fluorescent tube current density
2, along with the development of compact fluorescent lamp, the tube current density of part miniwatt compact fluorescent lamp is designed into 0.25A/cm
2.
In addition, in the ultra-violet lamp field, the low-pressure high-strength ultraviolet lamp, expecting equally to improve ultraviolet output aspect water sterilization, air sterillization, reduces sectional area or the volume of sterilisation housing.Low-pressure high-strength ultraviolet lamp on existing market: diameter (external diameter) 32mm, tube current density are 0.78A/cm
2, mercury alloy is built in inside pipe wall, during 25 ℃ of ambient temperatures, test shows that 253.7nm ultraviolet conversion efficiency is less than 25%, temperature raises 10 ℃ the time, 253.7nm ultraviolet conversion efficiency declines to a great extent.When selecting mercury alloy to be placed in blast pipe, because in blast pipe, temperature contrast is large everywhere, the variation of ambient temperature in addition, the consistency of every lamp is difficult to assurance, and the light output of lamp is large with the variation of ambient temperature fluctuation.
Therefore, by above-mentioned description of the Prior Art, be not difficult to draw, propose by improving current density the restriction that high-power method is subject to two aspects: the one, export and will be tending towards saturated (not increasing) with the increase light of electric current, lamp current increases, electron collision loss and tube wall recombination losses strengthen, the Efficiency Decreasing that in low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, electric energy conversion is the 253.7nm ultraviolet energy, 253.7nm ultraviolet output is tending towards saturated gradually with the increase of electric current, for specific caliber, tube current density has the span of an optimization, can not infinitely increase.The 2nd, lack the superior mercury alloy of high-temperature behavior.
That is to say, there is following deficiency in prior art: 1, current low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, when rising to, tube current density make tube wall surpass 170 ℃ of whens work, existing mercury alloy can not be stablized and controls in lamp mercury vapor pressure in suitable scope under this hot conditions, the light output of lamp significantly reduces, light efficiency is low, makes the volume that can't further reduce lamp, reduces lamp cost processed.When 2, existing low-pressure mercury discharge lamp tube current density raises, environmental suitability is poor, light output (comprising visible ray, ultraviolet light) fluctuation of lamp.3, existing low-pressure mercury discharge lamp can not meet the needs of ultraviolet-ray sterilizing.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is provided, and described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, under the prerequisite that keeps small size, still can surpass the stable mercury vapor pressure of controlling at 170 ℃ of temperature, the light stable output, and there is high light efficiency.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of ultraviolet disinfector that comprises above-mentioned low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is provided, described ultraviolet disinfector, under the prerequisite of the sectional area that reduces sterilisation housing or volume, still can improve ultraviolet output, the light stable output.
For reaching above-mentioned technique effect, the invention provides a kind of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp comprises seal chamber, described seal chamber contains indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, and in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.
Improvement as such scheme, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is any in following parameter: In:Hg=97.05:2.95-97.15:2.85, In:Hg=97.15:2.85-97.3:2.7, In:Hg=97.3:2.7-97.4:2.6, In:Hg=97.4:2.6-97.5:2.5, In:Hg=97.5:2.5-97.6:2.4, In:Hg=97.6:2.4-97.7:2.3, In:Hg=97.7:2.3-97.8:2.2, In:Hg=97.8:2.2-97.9:2.1, In:Hg=97.9:2.1-98.0:2.0, In:Hg=98.0:2.0-98.1:1.9, In:Hg=98.1:1.9-98.2:1.8, In:Hg=98.2:1.8-98.3:1.7, In:Hg=98.3:1.7-98.4:1.6, In:Hg=98.4:1.6-98.5:1.5.
According to caliber scope, tube current density range, the environmental characteristics requirement of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, when the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is 3mm-36mm, current density is 0.35-1.2A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.5:1.5.
Further, the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.380-1.000A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.0:2.0;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.350-0.900A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.1:1.9;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.000A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.2:1.8;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.100A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.25:1.75;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.435-0.105A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.5:1.7;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.440-1.15A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.2:2.8-98.35:1.65;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.150A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.3:2.7-98.4:1.6;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.000A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.4:2.6-98.45:1.55;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.380-0.950A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.4:2.6-98.5:1.5.
As the improvement of such scheme, described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy contain component A, and described component A is other metals except indium, mercury, and wherein, described component A accounts for the 0.5-20% of alloy gross mass.
As the improvement of such scheme, described component A is one or more in thulium, lutetium, scandium, terbium, yttrium, dysprosium, holmium, silver, gold, bismuth, antimony, copper, iron, aluminium, germanium.
As the improvement of such scheme, described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy adopt the step melting alloyage to make, and comprising:
Metal beyond the removal of mercury is mixed in mass ratio, be placed in the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp seal chamber or be fixed on tube wall, indium alloy is made in the melting of heating;
Add to scale mercury, described indium alloy absorb mercury heat or operating state under generate indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy;
Perhaps, described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy adopt a step molten alloy method to make, and comprising:
By preparing the required various components of indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, mix in mass ratio, indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy are made in the melting of heating.
As the improvement of such scheme, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp.
As the improvement of such scheme, the electrode mounting means of described hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp adopts the structure parallel with the fluorescent tube tubular axis.
As the improvement of such scheme, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is electrodeless fluorescent lamp or electrodeless uv lamp.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of ultraviolet disinfector, and described ultraviolet disinfector comprises the described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of above-mentioned any embodiment.
Implement the present invention and there is following beneficial effect:
The invention provides a kind of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, its seal chamber contains indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, and in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.Contain indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy that effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, can surpass 170 ℃ of high temperatures control mercury vapor pressure.Therefore, low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention, by adjusting the component of this indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, is controlled near the mercury vapor pressure optimum mercury pressure value required at lamp, makes the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency that tube wall temperature is high high.
Low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention adopts indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that described effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, by regulating the effective mass ratio of indium, mercury, make mercury vapor pressure and caliber, tube current density matching, can improve lamp current density, light output, the illumination of unit are have been improved, realize the high-power of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp or with the densification of power, reduce the volume of lamp and light fixture, reduce the system cost of lamp and light fixture, reduce the waste of resource, reduce mercury pollution.
Low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention adopts indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that described effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, due to described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, the mercury vapor pressure within surpassing the hot operation temperature province of 170 ℃ is stable, without the flex point obviously descended, mercury alloy working temperature △ T90 is greater than 30 ℃, ambient temperature △ T90 is greater than 35 ℃, therefore, the light output efficiency of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention is high and stable, good environmental adaptability.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of ultraviolet disinfector that comprises above-mentioned low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, and wherein, low-pressure mercury discharge lamp comprises indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that effective indium mercury mass ratio is 97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.Due to described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, the mercury vapor pressure within surpassing the hot operation temperature province of 170 ℃ is stable, without the flex point obviously descended, make in the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency surpassed under 170 ℃ of high temperature high and stable, good environmental adaptability, and then make ultraviolet disinfector realize improving ultraviolet output, light stable output.Simultaneously, because described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy can improve lamp current density, light output and the Values In Ultraviolet Irradiance of unit are have been improved, realize the high-power of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp or with the densification of power, reduce the quantity of lamp and ballast, reduce sectional area or the volume of sterilisation housing.Therefore, described ultraviolet disinfector, under the prerequisite of the sectional area that reduces sterilisation housing or volume, still can improve ultraviolet output, the light stable output, meet the market demand of ultraviolet-ray sterilizing, both can reduce volume, reduce costs, can improve sterilization effect again.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below the present invention is described in further detail.
Hot-cathode fluorescent lamp in low-pressure mercury discharge lamp and low pressure ultra-violet lamp structure are similar, and fluorescent lamp is by the glass tube inwall, coating fluorescent material, and fluorescent material is converted into visible ray for illumination by the 253.7nm ultraviolet ray.Low pressure ultra-violet lamp discharging chamber consists of uv-transmitting quartz glass, directly utilizes ultraviolet-ray sterilizing, both thoroughly 185nm ultraviolet rays, again thoroughly the 253.7nm ultra-violet lamp for ozone-type is arranged, thoroughly 253.7nm, the ultra-violet lamp of saturating 185nm is not the ozone free type.Easy in order to narrate, the present invention be take the low pressure ultra-violet lamp and is made an explanation as example, and the typical structure of low pressure ultra-violet lamp mainly comprises quartz glass tube, electrode, inert gas, liquid mercury or the mercury alloy of the discharging chamber be used to form.Wherein, electrode is comprised of filament and the electronic powder be coated on filament.
When low-pressure mercury discharge lamp tube current density rises, tube wall rises, when tube wall surpasses 170 ℃ of work, existing mercury alloy can not be stablized near mercury vapor pressure (as: 1.2Pa, 1.5Pa, 1.7Pa, 2.0Pa, 2.5Pa) the needed optimum mercury pressure of lamp in the control lamp under this hot conditions, the output of lamp significantly reduces, and the output of lamp significantly changes with variation of ambient temperature.
For this reason, the invention provides an a kind of embodiment of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp comprises seal chamber, described seal chamber contains indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, and in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.
Wherein, described effective indium mercury mass ratio refers to the indium mercury mass ratio worked to controlling mercury vapor pressure.When indium mercury alloy is indium, mercury bianry alloy, the quality of indium, mercury is effective mass.When indium mercury alloy is ternary or multicomponent alloy, other metals except indium, mercury may react with indium, mercury and generate (as 200 ℃) Undec indium compound, mercury compound under working temperature, these compounds are inoperative to controlling mercury vapor pressure, the indium of its consumption, mercury quality are non-effective quality, and the performance of control mercury vapor pressure depends on effective indium mercury mass ratio.Form for example indium thulium compound TmIn in 1:In:Tm:Hg=93:5:2 indium thulium mercury alloy
3, consuming the indium amount in the indium thulium compound is 5*(3*114.82/168.93)=10.2, in indium thulium mercury alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is: In:Hg=(93-10.2): 2=82.8:2=97.6:2.4.Form for example indium thulium compound TmIn in 2:In:Tm:Hg=88.9:10:1.1 indium thulium mercury alloy
3, consuming the indium amount in the indium thulium compound is 10*(3*114.82/168.93)=20.4, in indium thulium mercury alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is: In:Hg=68.5:1.1=98.4:1.6.
The indium mercury alloy that described effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2 or indium mercury multicomponent alloy can surpass 170 ℃ of high temperatures control mercury vapor pressure.Therefore, low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention, by adjusting the component of this indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, is controlled near the mercury vapor pressure optimum mercury pressure value required at lamp, makes the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency that tube wall temperature is high high.
Low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention adopts indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, can improve lamp current density, light output, the illumination of unit are have been improved, realize the high-power of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp or with the densification of power, reduce the volume of lamp and light fixture, reduce the system cost of lamp and light fixture, reduce the waste of resource, reduce mercury pollution.
Due to described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, the mercury vapor pressure within surpassing the hot operation temperature province of 170 ℃ is stable, without the flex point obviously descended, mercury alloy working temperature △ T90 is greater than 30 ℃, ambient temperature △ T90 is greater than 35 ℃, therefore, the light output efficiency of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention is high and stable, good environmental adaptability.Concrete, described mercury alloy working temperature Δ T90 can comprise the temperature province of 140-175 ℃, 145-180 ℃, 150-185 ℃, 155-188 ℃, 160-192 ℃, 165-198 ℃, 170-200 ℃, 175-205 ℃, but is not limited to this.On the other hand, when mercury alloy adopts the built-in mode that is fixed on the electric discharge positive column, and while adopting the work of constant current ballast, because the variation of ambient temperature causes that the amalgam temperature changing value is less, ambient temperature Δ T90 can reach 35 ℃, 38 ℃, 42 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, even higher, environmental suitability is strong, the light stable output.
It should be noted that, mercury alloy working temperature Δ T90 refers to that the light output of lamp is in the continuous mercury alloy working temperature zone of 90% to 100% fluctuation correspondence, and ambient temperature △ T90 refers to the continuous ambient operating temperature zone of the light output of lamp in 90% to 100% fluctuation correspondence.
The effective indium mercury of the present invention mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, when indium mercury mass ratio is greater than 98.8:1.2 or is less than 97.05:2.95, has following characteristics:
1, be less than 32.9(97.05:2.95 when indium mercury mass ratio) time, the effective mass content of mercury is too high, the performance of described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy control mercury vapor pressure is bad, the indium mercury alloy working temperature is low, in the working temperature zone, there is the flex point obviously descended in the mercury vapor pressure value, and output can fluctuation in the variation of ambient temperature time for the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of some high current density.
2, be greater than 82.3(98.8:1.2 when indium mercury mass ratio) time, the effective mass content of mercury is too low, and the mercury vapor pressure value of controlling in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy working temperature zone is on the low side, for very eurypalynous low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, is not suitable for; The alloy amount added on the other hand is many, is inconvenient to place, and cost is high.
Effectively indium mercury mass ratio has determined the mercury vapor pressure scope of operating temperature range, need to regulate according to caliber, the tube current of lamp, and 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency just can be accomplished the best.
The caliber difference of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, the optimum mercury pressure value difference that it is required; Same caliber, tube current density difference, its required optimum mercury pressure value is also slightly different; The conduction of blanketing gas impact heat, affect tube wall temperature, also the remote-effects mercury vapor pressure; Environmental characteristics requires difference is working temperature and the area requirement difference to mercury alloy.
More preferably, according to caliber, tube current density, blanketing gas, the environmental characteristics requirement of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is preferably any in following parameter:
In：Hg=97.05:2.95-97.15:2.85、
In：Hg=97.15:2.85-97.3:2.7、
In：Hg=97.3:2.7-97.4:2.6、
In：Hg=97.4:2.6-97.5:2.5、
In：Hg=97.5:2.5-97.6:2.4、
In：Hg=97.6:2.4-97.7:2.3、
In：Hg=97.7:2.3-97.8:2.2、
In：Hg=97.8:2.2-97.9:2.1、
In：Hg=97.9:2.1-98.0:2.0、
In：Hg=98.0:2.0-98.1:1.9、
In：Hg=98.1:1.9-98.2:1.8、
In：Hg=98.2:1.8-98.3:1.7、
In：Hg=98.3:1.7-98.4:1.6、
In：Hg=98.4:1.6-98.5:1.5。
As the further preferred version of the present embodiment, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio can be chosen according to caliber, the tube current density of lamp.When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is 3mm-36mm, current density is 0.35A/cm
2-1.2A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is preferably In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.5:1.5.
For different tube diameters, current density, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio has different optimum values.Effectively indium mercury mass ratio has determined the mercury vapor pressure scope of operating temperature range, mercury vapor pressure need to caliber, tube current density matching, 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency just can be accomplished the best.Therefore, for different tube diameters, current density, in indium mercury alloy of the present invention or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effectively the preferable range of indium mercury mass ratio is as follows:
(1), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.380-1.000A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.0:2.0;
(2), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.350-0.900A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.1:1.9;
(3), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.000A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.2:1.8;
(4), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.100A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.25:1.75;
(5), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.435-0.105A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.5:1.7;
(6), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.440-1.15A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.2:2.8-98.35:1.65;
(7), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.150A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.3:2.7-98.4:1.6;
(8), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.000A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.4:2.6-98.45:1.55;
(9), the discharge tube internal diameter when low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.380-0.950A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.4:2.6-98.5:1.5.
For further optimizing technical scheme of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of another embodiment of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp comprises seal chamber, described seal chamber contains indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, and in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.Wherein, described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy contain component A, and described component A is other metals except indium, mercury.In the present embodiment, described component A is one or more in thulium (Tm), lutetium (Lu), scandium (Sc), terbium (Tb), yttrium (Y), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho).These metals add wettability and the adhesive force that contributes to improvement and glass, put forward heavy alloyed melt temperature.
Wherein, in the indium mercury alloy that contains described component A or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, and described component A accounts for the 0.5-20% of alloy gross mass.
Preferably, in the indium mercury alloy that contains described component A or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-99.5:1.5, described component A accounts for the alloy gross mass can be according to actual needs, choose 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, for further putting forward heavy alloyed melt temperature, also can choose 25%, 28%, 30%, not as limit.
Effectively indium mercury mass ratio is indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that In:Hg=97.05:2.95-99.5:1.5 contains component A, it not only has at 170 ℃ of temperature of surpassing can also stablize the control mercury vapor pressure, the light output of light stable output, unit are, illumination advantages of higher, but also wettability and the adhesive force of improvement and glass are put forward heavy alloyed melt temperature.
The present invention also provides an a kind of embodiment again of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp comprises seal chamber, described seal chamber contains indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, and in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.Wherein, described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy contain component A, and described component A is other metals except indium, mercury.In the present embodiment, described component A is one or more in thulium (Tm), lutetium (Lu), scandium (Sc), terbium (Tb), yttrium (Y), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), silver (Ag), gold (Au), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), germanium (Ge).
With the another embodiment of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, compare, the present embodiment can also add other metals (as silver on the basis of indium mercury, gold, bismuth, antimony, copper, iron, aluminium, germanium), because the characteristic of controlling mercury vapor pressure is by effectively indium mercury mass ratio decision under working temperature, therefore, these other metals do not affect the characteristic of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, there is equally above-mentioned types of functionality, described function mainly refers to have at 170 ℃ of temperature of surpassing can also stablize the control mercury vapor pressure, the light stable output, the light output of unit are, illumination is high, improve wettability and adhesive force with glass, put forward heavy alloyed melt temperature, but be not limited to this.
In above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, the present invention is based on good mercury alloy characteristic, the tube current density of fluorescent lamp can surpass 0.25A/cm
2; The tube current density of the purple lamp of low-pressure high-strength surpasses 0.4A/cm
2, 0.4-1.2A/cm specifically
2, according to the condition of using, segmenting preferred scope is 0.40-0.45A/cm
2, 0.45-0.50A/cm
2, 0.50-0.55A/cm
2, 0.55-0.60A/cm
2, 0.60-0.65A/cm
2, 0.65-0.70A/cm
2, 0.70-0.75A/cm
2, 0.75-0.080A/cm
2, 0.80-0.85A/cm
2, 0.85-0.90A/cm
2, 0.90-0.95A/cm
2, 0.95-1.0A/cm
2, 1.00-1.05A/cm
2, 1.05-1.1A/cm
2, 1.10-1.15A/cm
2, 1.15-1.2A/cm
2, but not as limit.
In general, according to the difference of caliber, every kind of preferred current density range of caliber is also different.Low-pressure mercury discharge lamp had both required to reduce volume, will take into account 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency simultaneously.When 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency significantly reduces, although improved the power of lamp, the output of the ultraviolet light of lamp is corresponding the raising not, wasted on the contrary the energy.Therefore, the value of the tube current density of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention is that the combination property of product is improved.
Rising along with low-pressure mercury discharge lamp tube current density, in cavity, 185nm is ultraviolet, the 253.7nm ultraviolet radiation intensity is large, electric field strength is high, temperature is high, these factors all may be aggravated separating out fast of the interior alkaline earth metal impurity of glass, alkaline-earth metal can generate mercury alloy with mercury, the mercury alloy film of black has stopped the output of light, thereby causes the optical attenuation of lamp.
Therefore, in above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, the inside pipe wall of described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp also can be provided with and film, and described preferably one or more materials in comprising silica, aluminium oxide, yittrium oxide of filming are made.The described densification of filming, even, can isolate alkaline earth metal impurity and contact with mercury, thereby reduce the light decay of lamp.
It should be noted that, described class coating material can be one or more in silica, aluminium oxide, yittrium oxide, can be also other oxides such as lanthana, zirconia, and its execution mode is not limited to illustrated embodiment of the present invention.
Described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp includes electrode low-pressure mercury discharge lamp and electrodeless low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, wherein:
It is described that the electrode low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is arranged is hot cathode low-pressure mercury discharge lamp or cold cathode low-voltage mercury discharge lamp; Described hot cathode low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is hot-cathode fluorescent lamp (usually being called for short fluorescent lamp) or hot cathode low pressure ultra-violet lamp (usually being called for short the low pressure ultra-violet lamp); Described cold cathode low-voltage mercury discharge lamp is cold-cathode fluorescence lamp or cold cathode low-voltage ultra-violet lamp.
Described electrodeless low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is electrodeless florescent lamp or electrodeless ultraviolet lamp.
In above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp can be hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp, and wherein, the fluorescent tube internal diameter of described hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp is preferably 3-36mm.More preferably, the fluorescent tube internal diameter of described hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp is 8-10mm, 10-12mm, 12-15mm, 15-20mm, 20-26mm, 26-30mm, 30-36mm.
Described hot-cathode fluorescent lamp, low pressure ultra-violet lamp adopt oxide electrode.The emissive material of described hot-cathode fluorescent lamp, low pressure ultra-violet lamp is selected the oxide electrode be comprised of calcium oxide, strontium oxide strontia, barium monoxide, by adjusting the content of oxide, improves emitting performance.Preferably, described oxide electrode contains calcium oxide, strontium oxide strontia, barium monoxide, barium zirconate, increases barium zirconate, the anti-bombardment ability of intensifier electrode.More preferably, oxide electrode sinters the ceramic electrode into by tungsten and calcium oxide, strontium oxide strontia, barium monoxide, barium zirconate, guarantees enough emitting materials, can reduce electrode size, is convenient to install simultaneously.
The electrode mounting means of described hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp adopts the structure parallel with the fluorescent tube tubular axis.For the pipe with small pipe diameter lamp, the negative electrode mounting means adopts the structure parallel with the fluorescent tube tubular axis, and two seal wires also can and connect, and also can disconnect seal wire on one side, is conducive to glass sealing.
Described hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp are set to straight pipe type, U-shaped, ∏ type, H type, double-U-shaped, two ∏ type, double H-type, three U-shaped, three ∏ types, three H types, four U-shaped, four ∏ types, four H types, W type, M type, U-H connecting-type or ∏-H connecting-type.
Be set to the fluorescent tube of U-shaped, ∏ type, H type, double-U-shaped, two ∏ type, double H-type, three U-shaped, three ∏ types, three H types, four U-shaped, four ∏ types, four H types, W type, M type, U-H connecting-type or ∏-various shapes such as H connecting-type, can further dwindle the spatial area that lamp takies, to meet the little requirement that takes up room.
In above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp can be also electrodeless fluorescent lamp or electrodeless uv lamp.Wherein, the fluorescent tube internal diameter of described electrodeless fluorescent lamp or electrodeless uv lamp is preferably 10-50mm.More preferably, the fluorescent tube internal diameter of described electrodeless fluorescent lamp or electrodeless uv lamp is preferably 15-50mm.
Preferably, described electrodeless low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is set to circular ring type, rectangle, positive square, ellipse or other closed-loop type.
And electrodeless fluorescent lamp, electrodeless uv lamp do not have the export license problem due to electrodeless, the life-span is long.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides the preparation method of indium mercury alloy described in low-pressure mercury discharge lamp or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, it can adopt a step molten alloy method to make, comprise: will prepare the required various components of indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy and mix in mass ratio, indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy are made in the melting of heating.
Wherein, indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy can be positioned in blast pipe, or after exhaust, indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy be poured in lamp, also indium mercury alloy or the melting of indium mercury multicomponent alloy can be fixed on to the glass tube inwall.
The preparation method of described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy also can adopt the step melting alloyage to make, comprise: the metal beyond the removal of mercury is mixed in mass ratio, be placed in the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp seal chamber or be fixed on tube wall, indium alloy is made in the melting of heating; Add to scale mercury, described indium alloy absorb mercury heat or operating state under generate indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy.
Wherein, the metal beyond the removal of mercury can first be placed in the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp seal chamber or be fixed on tube wall, forms indium alloy; After add mercury to form indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy.The general selection of metal beyond the removal of mercury is fixed near the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp electrode, between electrode and positive column.
The preparation method of described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy also can, by the washing outside the removal of mercury on netted or flat substrates, be placed near electrode.
Below with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention
Embodiment 1:T5(internal diameter
) the long 1.2m of fluorescent lamp, power 90W, lamp current 0.8A, tube current density 0.45A/cm
2adopt indium thulium alloy sheet to be fixed in the electrode front end, after adding mercury, form indium thulium mercury ternary alloy three-partalloy, wherein indium: mercury: thulium=94:3.4:2.6, effectively indium mercury mass ratio is indium: mercury=(94.0-3.4*2.04): 2.6=97.1:2.9, the rare-earth trichromatic fluorescent powder that fluorescent material is high temperature resistance, light decay is little, light efficiency 95Lm/W, for waiting low temperature environment between van cooler, environmental adaptability is strong.With traditional T5-28W fluorescent lamp, compare; both solved low, the inefficient problem of low temperature light output of lamp; significantly improved the light output of single lamp simultaneously; a lamp can replace 3 traditional lamps; reduce the consumption of rare-earth trichromatic powder, reduced resource consumption, reduced mercury use; be conducive to environmental protection, significantly reduced the cost of lamp and light fixture.
Embodiment 2:T6(internal diameter
) the long 1.2m of fluorescent lamp, power 220W, lamp current 2.0A, tube current density 0.88A/cm
2, adopt indium thulium alloy sheet to be fixed in the electrode front end, after adding mercury, form indium thulium mercury ternary alloy three-partalloy, wherein indium: mercury: thulium=88:2:10, the rare-earth trichromatic fluorescent powder that fluorescent material is high temperature resistance, light decay is little, light efficiency 90Lm/W.
Embodiment 3:T8(internal diameter
) the long 1.2m of fluorescent lamp, power 160W, lamp current 1.53A, tube current density 0.35A/cm
2, adopt plating indium sheet to be fixed in the electrode front end, after adding mercury, form indium mercury bianry alloy, indium: mercury=98.2:1.8 wherein, the rare-earth trichromatic fluorescent powder that fluorescent material is high temperature resistance, light decay is little, light efficiency 98Lm/W.
Embodiment 4:T4(internal diameter
) compact helical type energy conserving lamp, power 45W, lamp current 0.785A, tube current density 1.0A/cm
2, adopt indium scandium alloy sheet to be fixed in the electrode front end, after adding mercury, form indium scandium mercury ternary alloy three-partalloy, wherein indium: mercury: scandium=96:2.5:1.5, the rare-earth trichromatic fluorescent powder that fluorescent material is high temperature resistance, light decay is little, light efficiency 70Lm/W.
Embodiment 5:T2(internal diameter
) compact helical type energy conserving lamp, power 20W, lamp current 0.30A, tube current density 0.60A/cm
2electrode is oxide electrode, the negative electrode mounting means adopts the structure parallel with the fluorescent tube tubular axis, adopt indium thulium alloy sheet to be fixed in the electrode front end, after adding mercury, form indium thulium mercury ternary alloy three-partalloy, indium wherein: mercury: thulium=92.6:5:2.4, effectively indium mercury mass ratio is indium: mercury=(92.6-5*2.04): 2.5=97.15:2.85, the rare-earth trichromatic fluorescent powder that fluorescent material is high temperature resistance, light decay is little, light efficiency 63Lm/W.
Embodiment 6: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter 3mm, and lamp current 0.05A, lamp current density is about 0.70A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 400mm, modulating voltage 60V, lamp power 5.1W, the mercury alloy of employing indium: mercury=97.05:2.95, in 0-50 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, the 253.7nm Radiant UV Power is greater than 1.4W.
Embodiment 7: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter 4mm, and lamp current 0.1A, lamp current density is about 0.8A/cm
2fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 500mm, modulating voltage 60V, lamp power 6.0W, adopt indium: the mercury alloy of mercury: thulium=93.0:4.5:2.5, in indium thulium mercury alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9, and in 0-50 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, the 253.7nm Radiant UV Power is greater than 1.8W.
Embodiment 8: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter 10mm, and lamp current 0.70A, lamp current density is about 0.90A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 785mm, modulating voltage 70V, lamp power 60W, it adopts indium: mercury: the mercury alloy of lutetium=85.2:1.8:13.0, in 0-85 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, the 253.7nm Radiant UV Power is greater than 18W.
Embodiment 9: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter 11mm, and lamp current 1.0A, lamp current density is about 1.05A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 785mm, modulating voltage 78V, lamp power 76W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=97.7:2.3, in 0-50 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 34%.
Embodiment 10: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 1.30A, lamp current density is about 1.15A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 785mm, modulating voltage 70V, lamp power 90W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=97.2:2.8, in 0-50 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 31%.
Embodiment 11: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 1.19A, lamp current density is about 1.05A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 785mm, modulating voltage 72V, lamp power 82W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=97.3:2.7, in 0-55 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 32%.
Embodiment 12: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 1.02A, lamp current density is about 0.90A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 785mm, modulating voltage 75V, lamp power 75W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=97.4:2.6, in 0-60 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 33%.
Embodiment 13: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 0.85A, lamp current density is about 0.75A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 785mm, modulating voltage 78V, lamp power 65W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=97.5:2.5, in 0-65 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 34%.
Embodiment 14: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 1.64A, lamp current density is about 1.2A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 785mm, modulating voltage 75V, lamp power 120W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=97.3:2.7, in 0-55 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 30%.
Embodiment 15: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 1.4A, lamp current density is about 1.02A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 785mm, modulating voltage 78V, lamp power 105W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=97.9:2.1, in 0-65 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 33%.
Embodiment 16: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 2.3A, lamp current density is about 1.01A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 1440mm, modulating voltage 140V, lamp power 320W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=98.9:1.9, in 0-50 ℃ of scope of air ambient temperature, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 32%.
Embodiment 17: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 1.5A, lamp current density is 0.65A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 1440mm, modulating voltage 150V, lamp power 220W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=98.5:1.5, in ambient temperature 0-55 ℃ of scope, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 35%.
Embodiment 18: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 5.5A, lamp current density 0.83A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 1440mm, modulating voltage 92V, lamp power 500W, it adopts indium: mercury: the mercury alloy of scandium=96.5:2.0:1.5, for water treatment, in water temperature 5-40 ℃ of scope, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency all is greater than 30%.The existing unidimensional low-pressure high-strength ultraviolet lamp 365W of the power ratio of lamp increases by 37%, ultra-violet radiation efficiency is increased to 30% by 25%, the unit are Values In Ultraviolet Irradiance increases by 40%, can reduce the quantity of volume or the minimizing lamp of sterilisation housing, and the environmental suitability of lamp is stronger simultaneously.
Embodiment 19: low pressure ultra-violet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter 35mm, lamp current 4.8A, lamp current density 0.50A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 1440mm, modulating voltage 110V, lamp power 520W, it adopts indium: mercury=98.8:1.2 mercury alloy, for water treatment, in water temperature 5-40 ℃ of scope, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency is greater than 30%.
Embodiment 20: electrodeless ultraviolet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current 10A, lamp current density is about 0.99A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 1000mm, curve circular arc type, modulating voltage 50V, and lamp power 500W, it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=98.5:1.5, in ambient temperature 0-55 ℃ of scope, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency all is greater than 33%.Be placed in cylindrical disinfection cavity body of wall for gas depoisoning, improved the Values In Ultraviolet Irradiance of unit are, reduce the height of cylinder cavity, the sterilisation housing pipeline of large flow is shortened greatly.
Embodiment 21: electrodeless ultraviolet lamp quartz ampoule internal diameter
lamp current density is about 0.80A/cm
2, fluorescent tube electric arc overall length 800mm, curve rectangle, lamp power 600W, and it adopts indium: the mercury alloy of mercury=98.2:1.8, in ambient temperature 0-55 ℃ of scope, 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency all is greater than 30%.Be placed in the rectangle sterilisation housing for gas depoisoning, improved the Values In Ultraviolet Irradiance of unit are, reduce the height of cuboid cavity, the sterilisation housing pipeline of large flow is shortened greatly.
The low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of embodiment 1-21 is done to technology for detection, the correlation technique parameter as shown in Table 1:
As shown in Table 1, be contained in the lamp of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention and surpass indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that 170 ℃ of high temperatures are controlled mercury vapor pressure, in indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, is not difficult to find out:
(1) in embodiment 1-21, the internal diameter of each lamp is all less, and tube current density is all higher, wherein tube current density average out to 0.8A/cm
2, can prove, low-pressure mercury discharge lamp compact conformation of the present invention, volume is little.
(2) in embodiment 1-21, the average working temperature △ T90 of the mercury alloy of each lamp is greater than 30 ℃, and average ambient temperature △ T90 is greater than 35 ℃, can prove, low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention, under the prerequisite that keeps small size, still can keep stable light output efficiency, good environmental adaptability.
(3) in embodiment 1-21, no matter from light efficiency, 253.7nm Radiant UV Power or 253.7nm ultra-violet radiation efficiency equal angles, estimate, efficiency of the present invention all remains on higher level, can prove, low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention is under the prerequisite that keeps small size, still can keep high light output efficiency, there is high light efficiency.
It should be noted that, the present invention also has other numerous embodiments, can't limit, at this, do not exemplify one by one.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of ultraviolet disinfector, and described ultraviolet disinfector comprises the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, and described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is as the low pressure ultra-violet lamp.Due to described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, the mercury vapor pressure within surpassing the hot operation temperature province of 170 ℃ is stable, without the flex point obviously descended, make and surpassing that low-pressure mercury discharge lamp 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency under 170 ℃ of high temperature is high, light output efficiency is high and stable, good environmental adaptability, and then make ultraviolet disinfector realize improving ultraviolet output, light stable output.Simultaneously, because described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy can improve lamp current density, improved light output, the illumination of unit are, realize the high-power of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp or with the densification of power, reduce the volume of lamp and light fixture, reduce sectional area or the volume of sterilisation housing.Therefore, described ultraviolet disinfector, under the prerequisite of the sectional area that reduces sterilisation housing or volume, still can improve ultraviolet output, the light stable output, meet the market demand of ultraviolet-ray sterilizing, both can reduce volume and reduce costs, can improve sterilization effect again.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, its seal chamber contains indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, and in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.Contain indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that effective indium mercury mass ratio is 97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2 and can surpass 170 ℃ of high temperatures control mercury vapor pressure.Therefore, low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention, by adjusting the component of this indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, is controlled near the mercury vapor pressure optimum mercury pressure value required at lamp, makes the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency that tube wall temperature is high high.
Low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention adopts indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that described indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, characteristic and the caliber of indium mercury alloy being controlled to mercury vapor pressure by indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy are optimized configuration and design, can improve lamp current density, light output, the illumination of unit are have been improved, realize the high-power of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp or with the densification of power, reduce the volume of lamp and light fixture, reduce the system cost of lamp and light fixture, reduce the waste of resource, reduce mercury pollution.
Low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention adopts indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that described indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2, due to described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, the mercury vapor pressure within surpassing the hot operation temperature province of 170 ℃ is stable, without the flex point obviously descended, mercury alloy working temperature △ T90 is greater than 30 ℃, ambient temperature △ T90 is greater than 35 ℃, therefore, the light output efficiency of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of the present invention is high and stable, good environmental adaptability.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of ultraviolet disinfector that comprises above-mentioned low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, and wherein, low-pressure mercury discharge lamp comprises indium mercury alloy or the indium mercury multicomponent alloy that effective indium mercury mass ratio is 97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.Due to described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, the mercury vapor pressure within surpassing the hot operation temperature province of 170 ℃ is stable, without the flex point obviously descended, make in the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp 253.7nm ultraviolet energy conversion efficiency surpassed under 170 ℃ of high temperature high and stable, good environmental adaptability, and then make ultraviolet disinfector realize improving ultraviolet output, light stable output.Simultaneously, because described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy can improve lamp current density, improved light output, the illumination of unit are, realize the high-power of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp or with the densification of power, reduce the volume of lamp and light fixture, reduce sectional area or the volume of sterilisation housing.Therefore, described ultraviolet disinfector, under the prerequisite of the sectional area that reduces sterilisation housing or volume, still can improve ultraviolet output, the light stable output, meet the market demand of ultraviolet-ray sterilizing, both can reduce volume, reduce costs, can improve sterilization effect again.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, should be understood that, although the present invention has only provided above embodiment, but also provide many possible variants drawn through creative work that do not need, though still can't be exhaustive, but those skilled in the art are after reading over this specification, in conjunction with common practise, should be able to associate more embodiment, this type of embodiment is the spirit of unconventional the claims in the present invention not, any type of being equal to, replace or embodiment that some improvements and modifications all should be considered as being included by the present invention, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp comprises seal chamber, it is characterized in that, described seal chamber contains indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, and in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.8:1.2.
2. low-pressure mercury discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is any in following parameter:
In：Hg=97.05:2.95-97.15:2.85、
In：Hg=97.15:2.85-97.3:2.7、
In：Hg=97.3:2.7-97.4:2.6、
In：Hg=97.4:2.6-97.5:2.5、
In：Hg=97.5:2.5-97.6:2.4、
In：Hg=97.6:2.4-97.7:2.3、
In：Hg=97.7:2.3-97.8:2.2、
In：Hg=97.8:2.2-97.9:2.1、
In：Hg=97.9:2.1-98.0:2.0、
In：Hg=98.0:2.0-98.1:1.9、
In：Hg=98.1:1.9-98.2:1.8、
In：Hg=98.2:1.8-98.3:1.7、
In：Hg=98.3:1.7-98.4:1.6、
In：Hg=98.4:1.6-98.5:1.5。
3. low-pressure mercury discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, when the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.35-1.2A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.5:1.5.
4. low-pressure mercury discharge lamp as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, when the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.380-1.000A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.0:2.0;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.350-0.950A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.05:2.95-98.1:1.9;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.050A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.2:1.8;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.100A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.25:1.75;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.435-0.105A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.1:2.9-98.5:1.7;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.440-1.15A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.2:2.8-98.35:1.65;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.150A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.3:2.7-98.4:1.6;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.400-1.000A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.4:2.6-98.45:1.55;
When the discharge tube internal diameter of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is
current density is 0.380-0.950A/cm
2the time, in described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, effective indium mercury mass ratio is In:Hg=97.4:2.6-98.5:1.5.
5. as the described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy contain component A, and described component A is other metals except indium, mercury, and wherein, described component A accounts for the 0.5-20% of alloy gross mass.
6. low-pressure mercury discharge lamp as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described component A is one or more in thulium, lutetium, scandium, terbium, yttrium, dysprosium, holmium, silver, gold, bismuth, antimony, copper, iron, aluminium, germanium.
7. low-pressure mercury discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy adopt the step melting alloyage to make, and comprising:
Metal beyond the removal of mercury is mixed in mass ratio, be placed in the low-pressure mercury discharge lamp seal chamber or be fixed on tube wall, indium alloy is made in the melting of heating;
Add to scale mercury, described indium alloy absorb mercury heat or operating state under generate indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy;
Perhaps, described indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy adopt a step molten alloy method to make, and comprising:
By preparing the required various components of indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy, mix in mass ratio, indium mercury alloy or indium mercury multicomponent alloy are made in the melting of heating.
8. as the described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp.
9. as the described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, the electrode mounting means of described hot-cathode fluorescent lamp or low pressure ultra-violet lamp adopts the structure parallel with the fluorescent tube tubular axis.
10. as the described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp of claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, described low-pressure mercury discharge lamp is electrodeless fluorescent lamp or electrodeless uv lamp.
11. a ultraviolet disinfector, is characterized in that, comprises as the described ultra-violet lamp of claim 1-10 any one.
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| CN201310451509.3A CN103489748B (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2013-09-27 | Low-pressure mercury electric-discharge lamp and ultraviolet disinfection and sterilization device |
| PCT/CN2013/089903 WO2015043091A1 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-19 | Low-pressure mercury discharge lamp and ultraviolet disinfection and sterilization apparatus |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104900476A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | 上虞市大地照明电器有限公司 | Mercury-free nanometer fluorescent lamp and production process thereof |
| CN105428203A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-23 | 佛山柯维光电股份有限公司 | UV device with stable output |
| CN105470100A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-06 | 佛山柯维光电股份有限公司 | Ultraviolet lamp with high 185-nanometer radiation efficiency |
| CN106380922A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 住友富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator having disinfection function |
| CN106379779A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 住友富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator capable of realizing continuous sterilization |
| CN106395569A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 住友富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator having disinfection function |
| CN106429671A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 住友富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator button |
| CN112017943A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-01 | 深圳柯维紫外技术有限公司 | Method for improving environmental adaptability of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, amalgam formula, manufacturing method and ultraviolet lamp thereof |
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| JP2011258321A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-22 | Iwasaki Electric Co Ltd | Amalgam type low-pressure mercury lamp and power unit for lighting the same |
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| JPH08212975A (en) * | 1995-02-08 | 1996-08-20 | Matsushita Electron Corp | Bulb type fluorescent lamp |
| JP2011258321A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-22 | Iwasaki Electric Co Ltd | Amalgam type low-pressure mercury lamp and power unit for lighting the same |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104900476A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | 上虞市大地照明电器有限公司 | Mercury-free nanometer fluorescent lamp and production process thereof |
| CN105428203A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-23 | 佛山柯维光电股份有限公司 | UV device with stable output |
| CN105470100A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-04-06 | 佛山柯维光电股份有限公司 | Ultraviolet lamp with high 185-nanometer radiation efficiency |
| CN105470100B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-03-09 | 佛山柯维光电股份有限公司 | A kind of ultraviolet lamp of high 185nm radiation efficiencies |
| CN106380922A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 住友富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator having disinfection function |
| CN106379779A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 住友富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator capable of realizing continuous sterilization |
| CN106395569A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 住友富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator having disinfection function |
| CN106429671A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 住友富士电梯有限公司 | Elevator button |
| CN112017943A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-01 | 深圳柯维紫外技术有限公司 | Method for improving environmental adaptability of low-pressure mercury discharge lamp, amalgam formula, manufacturing method and ultraviolet lamp thereof |
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| WO2015043091A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
| CN103489748B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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