CN103487775A - Intelligent digital micro resistor standard device - Google Patents
Intelligent digital micro resistor standard device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent digital micro resistor standard device. In order to solve the technical problems that according to measurement of an existing micro resistance meter, the measuring range is narrow, the accuracy rate is low, the stability is poor, the bearing working current is small, an instrument with a communication interface can not be automatically detected in a full-scale mode, and the measuring process is complex, the device is composed of a standard device body, an operation panel and an electronic circuit. Precise collection of the current is completed through a direct-current proportioner and a current sampling device in the electronic circuit, and a 20-bit digital analog converter is applied to output a high-precision and high-stability voltage. The intelligent digital micro resistor standard device has the advantages of achieving micro resistance value output with the wide range, the high accuracy rate, the high stability and the large bearing working current, achieving the aim of conducting automatic detection on the instrument with the communication interface in the full-scale mode, achieving humanized rapid operation mode due to the designed detection software, and enabling the working efficiency to be improved by 60%.
Description
technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of standard set-up of examining and determine or calibrating micro-resistance class testing instrument, relate in particular to the micro-resistance standard device of a kind of intelligent digital.For examining and determine or calibrate the DC micro-electric resistance tester that is widely used in electric system and electric apparatus manufacture.Also for to Estimate of Resistance for DC Low Resistance Meter, micro-resistance class testing instrument such as direct current resistance high speed tester are examined and determine or are calibrated.
background technology:
How feeble signal being accurately measured now is the emerging scientific research task of domestic and international metrology and measurement industry, as be widely used in the direct current resistance of DC micro-electric in electric system and electric apparatus manufacture resistance tester for the direct current resistance of measuring electric wire and transformer, mutual inductor, reactor, motor even load, its accuracy directly has influence on the quality of product quality, this is also the metrology and measurement difficult point faced at present, and can capture this difficult problem have become the important symbol of weighing measurement technology mechanism detectability.
Along with application and the microresistivity survey technology of new technology are maked rapid progress, require the measurement means that detects all kinds of testers to adapt to it.Yet, the domestic and international calibrating to micro-resistance meter/calibration is at present also adopting many DC resistance box and measuring resistance to combine, complicated and the accuracy of its measuring process is difficult to guarantee, by both at home and abroad about the understanding of the measuring technique of micro-ohmmeter, mainly have following technological deficiency:
1. measurement range is narrow, and measured resistance value exists discontinuous.Low and the implacable measurement requirement of small resistor value accuracy due to DC resistance box; The measuring resistance accuracy can meet the demands, but there is again discontinuous defect in its resistance value, therefore the measurement of micro-ohmmeter is existed to blind area, can't meet the demands.
2. accuracy is low, poor stability.(1) measure the resistance box of micro-ohmmeter low because of the accuracy in its small resistor value scope, the measurement that therefore can not meet various types of micro-ohmmeters require (2) due to micro-resistance because of the little interference that very easily is subject to the factors such as external environment in measuring process of its resistance, so stability and the poor repeatability of measurement result, this just is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of measuring.
3. the carrying working current is little.For adapting to the development of domestic and international economy, in electric system and electric apparatus manufacture, new product emerges in an endless stream, the new equipment that detects these products also constantly is used in product testing and type approval test and goes thereupon, as detect motor, transformer coil resistance micro-ohmmeter its carrying working current reached 60A, we can't be measured with traditional detection method at all like this.
4. to the tested instrument that communication interface is arranged, can not automatically detect accurately.Along with scientific and technical development, measured equipment has communication interface usually, and can only manual operation with traditional detection method, inefficiency, and testing staff's working strength is large, can't adapt with current work rhythm efficiently.
5. measuring process is loaded down with trivial details, and the measurement of introducing in measuring process is uncertain large, inefficiency.At least will use three resistance boxes and some measuring resistances with traditional detection method, measuring process is very loaded down with trivial details, and the measurement of introducing in measuring process is uncertain also very large, testing staff's inefficiency.
summary of the invention:
The present invention exists value discontinuous in order to solve the domestic and international measurement to micro-resistance meter at present, measurement range is narrow, accuracy is low, poor stability, the carrying working current is little, can not carry out gamut accurately to the tested instrument that communication interface is arranged detects automatically, the measurement of introducing in measuring process is uncertain large, measuring process is loaded down with trivial details, the technical matterss such as inefficiency, provide a kind of intelligent digital micro-resistance standard device, this device is comprised of standard set-up main body, guidance panel and electronic circuit three parts; Described electronic circuit mainly consists of DC current proportioner, 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters, resistance in kind, current sampler, microcomputer controller and lcd touch display; The output current I1 of measured instrument through C1, C2 or, input to matrix switch 1, input to described DC current proportioner after the range that is switched to selection through matrix switch 1 again, convert I1 to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 through described DC current proportioner, magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 produces a voltage through described current sampler, and this magnitude of voltage is transferred in the RAM9 microcomputer controller to the accurate collection that completes the magnetic flux balanced balanced current; According to the magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 collected, the resistance value R that will export by the setting of lcd touch display, these resistance value data are controlled to a magnitude of voltage analog quantity that meets U=I2R of 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter outputs to matrix switch 2 by the RAM9 microcomputer controller, control by matrix switch 2 the current potential input end that this magnitude of voltage is exported to measured instrument, realize the output of the micro-resistance value of simulation; Described resistance in kind is fixed value resistance, accepts the resistance value through the required detection of described lcd touch display setting by detecting software, then carries out the switching of fixed value resistance and the output of fixed value resistance through RAM9 microcomputer controller gating matrix switch 2.
Characteristics of the present invention and beneficial effect: adopt this device to hinder tester, Estimate of Resistance for DC Low Resistance Meter to DC micro-electric both domestic and external, micro-resistance class testing instrument such as direct current resistance high speed tester are examined and determine or are calibrated.Solved the detection difficult problem of DC micro-electric resistance.Pin-point accuracy and the high stability of micro-resistance value have been realized; And the measurement range of micro-resistance value is wide, the carrying working current is large; Realized that tested instrument to communication interface is arranged carries out gamut accurately and automatically detects.The detection software of design, realized the simple and fast mode of operation of hommization, makes work efficiency improve 60%.Be embodied in:
(1) this standard set-up measurement range is wide, and the carrying working current is large.Micro-resistance output area is:
0.1 μ Ω～20m Ω is adjustable continuously, maximum carrying working current 60A;
1 μ Ω～200m Ω is adjustable continuously, maximum carrying working current 10A;
10 μ Ω～2 Ω are adjustable continuously, maximum carrying working current 1A;
100 μ Ω～20 Ω are adjustable continuously, maximum carrying working current 0.1A.
And when working current is maximum current, the micro-resistance value that can charged adjusting will export.
Resistance (15 fixed value resistances) output area in kind is:
20Ω，100Ω,190Ω,200Ω,1kΩ,1.9kΩ,2kΩ,10kΩ,19kΩ,
20kΩ,100kΩ,190kΩ,200kΩ,1MΩ,1.9MΩ。
(2) can meet tested instrument to communication interface is arranged carries out gamut accurately and automatically detects.
(3) the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital class of accuracy is 0.01 grade
(4) accuracy and the stability of the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital are high.20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters of device can be exported high stability and high-precision voltage, DC current proportioner and current sampler have completed the accurate collection of electric current, so just reduce the deviation of micro-resistance output, realized pin-point accuracy and the high stability of this standard set-up.
(5) the detection software provided, realized the simple and fast mode of operation of hommization having solved measuring process loaded down with trivial details, and the measurement of introducing in measuring process is uncertain large, ineffective problem.
the accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 one-piece construction schematic diagram
Lcd touch display schematic diagram on Fig. 2-Fig. 4 panel
The fundamental diagram of Fig. 5 electronic circuit part
Fig. 6 detects software workflow figure
Fig. 7 10V reference power circuit schematic diagram
A winding of Fig. 8 DC magnetic modulator, the Secondary Winding structural representation
The structural representation of Fig. 9 DC magnetic modulator
Winding Pareto diagram on Figure 10 DC magnetic modulator iron core
Figure 11 DC magnetic modulator circuit schematic diagram
The poor wave detector in Figure 12 peak and automatic balancing circuit schematic diagram
Figure 13 power amplifier and current sampler circuit theory diagrams
Figure 14 driving source circuit theory diagrams
Figure 15 ARM9 microcomputer controller and AD5791 D/A chip interface schematic diagram
Figure 16 working power circuit schematic diagram
embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1-Figure 16; the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital; this device is comprised of standard set-up main body, guidance panel and electronic circuit three parts, and described electronic circuit mainly consists of DC current proportioner, 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters, resistance in kind, current sampler, microcomputer controller and lcd touch display; The output current I1 of measured instrument through C1, C2 or, input to matrix switch 1, input to described DC current proportioner after the range that is switched to selection through matrix switch 1 again, convert I1 to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 through described DC current proportioner, magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 produces a voltage through described current sampler, and this magnitude of voltage is transferred in the RAM9 microcomputer controller to the accurate collection that completes the magnetic flux balanced balanced current; According to the magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 collected, the resistance value R that will export by the setting of lcd touch display, these resistance value data are controlled to a magnitude of voltage analog quantity that meets U=I2R of 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter outputs to matrix switch 2 by the RAM9 microcomputer controller, control by matrix switch 2 the current potential input end that this magnitude of voltage is exported to measured instrument, realize the output of the micro-resistance value of simulation; Described resistance in kind is fixed value resistance, accepts the resistance value through the required detection of described lcd touch display setting by detecting software, then carries out the switching of fixed value resistance and the output of fixed value resistance through RAM9 microcomputer controller gating matrix switch 2.
Wherein:
Described guidance panel consists of power switch 1, relay indicating light 2, communication interface 3, lcd touch display 4, current wiring terminal A5, electric potential connection terminal 6 and current wiring terminal B7, described communication interface 3 is for transmitting the related data of the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital, the gamut that the tested instrument that communication interface is arranged is carried out detects automatically, also can external computer as the controller of this standard set-up, this communication interface can also be upgraded to software; Described lcd touch display 4 is for the resistance value that will export is set, and working current during display measurement; Described current wiring terminal A5, be as working current≤10A, the current wiring terminal of micro-resistance output measurement range when 0～1.9M Ω; Described electric potential connection terminal 6, the electric potential connection terminal while being the micro-resistance of output; Described current wiring terminal B7, be as working current≤60A, the current wiring terminal of micro-resistance output measurement range when 0～20m Ω.
Described DC current proportioner consists of driving source, DC magnetic modulator, the poor wave detector in peak, self-equilibrating circuit and power amplifier, form the ratio value of turn ratio by described DC magnetic modulator, drive the power amplifier in the Secondary Winding loop of DC magnetic modulator by described power amplifier, convert d. c. voltage signal to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, the magnetic potential of a winding and the magnetic potential of Secondary Winding are equated, but opposite direction, the direct current flux to DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero, detect amplitude and the polarity of the burst pulse that is twice in excitation frequency that in the DC magnetic modulator, the detection winding induces by the poor wave detector in described peak, by automatic balancing circuit, the poor wave detector in peak is exported to again to the zero magnetic flux balanced signal of direct current spike pulse of automatic balancing circuit, exported to the driving signal of described power amplifier as this power amplifier after amplification, described driving source is that described DC magnetic modulator enters the square wave power of duty, described DC magnetic modulator detects direct current zero magnetic flux balanced signal and converts d. c. voltage signal to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 through amplifying Driver amplifier under the excitation of described driving source in detecting winding, the magnetic potential of a winding and the magnetic potential of Secondary Winding are equated, but opposite direction, making the direct current flux in DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero, current ratio is relevant to the turn ratio and be inverse ratio, realization is by DC current 60A, 10A, 1A, 0.1A convert respectively DC current 60mA to, 100mA, 100mA, 10mA.
Described 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters consist of 10V reference power supply, voltage follower, AD5791D/A chip and communication interface, by described 10V reference power supply output direct current 10V voltage, working standard power supply as AD5791 D/A chip, control AD5791 D/A chip by the RAM9 microcomputer controller and convert digital quantity to controllable analog output, improve the Voltage-output load capacity of AD5791D/A chip by voltage follower.
Described current sampler consists of 71/2 digital voltmeter and resistor network, and the magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 that will obtain from described DC current proportioner produces a voltage on resistor network, by 71/2 digital voltmeter, measures this voltage.
Effect and the principle of work of each circuit module of electronic circuit part of the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital:
The effect of DC current proportioner: be by DC current 60A, 10A, 1A, 0.1A converts respectively DC current 60mA, 100mA, 100mA, 10mA to.
The effect of DC magnetic modulator: forming three ratio value K(is turn ratio): 0.001,0.01,0.1
The DC current proportioner
The effect of power amplifier: drive the Secondary Winding of DC magnetic modulator that d. c. voltage signal is converted to
Magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, equate the magnetic potential of a winding and the magnetic potential of Secondary Winding, but opposite direction, making the direct current flux in DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero.
The effect of current sampler: magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 produces a voltage on resistor network, by 71/2
Digital voltmeter is measured this voltage, and this magnitude of voltage is transferred to the RAM9 microcomputer controller, completes the accurate collection of magnetic flux balanced balanced current.
The effect of the poor wave detector in peak: the poor wave detector effect in peak is to detect amplitude and the polarity of the burst pulse that is twice in excitation frequency that in the DC magnetic modulator, the detection winding induces.
The effect of automatic balancing circuit: the poor wave detector in peak is exported to the zero magnetic flux balanced signal of direct current spike pulse of automatic balancing circuit, exported to the driving signal of power amplifier as this power amplifier after amplification.
The effect of driving source: driving source is the power supply that the DC magnetic modulator enters duty, and it produces a frequency is the square wave power that 800HZ, voltage are 300V.The DC magnetic modulator can detect direct current zero magnetic flux balanced signal under the excitation of driving source in detecting winding.
The effect of working power: by working power output 18V DC voltage to driving source as working power; Output ± 15V DC voltage to automatic balancing circuit as working power, output ± 30V DC voltage to power amplifier circuit as working power.
The effect of 10V reference power supply: 10V reference power supply output high stability, high-precision direct current 10V voltage, as the working standard power supply of AD5791 D/A chip.
The effect of AD5791 D/A chip and voltage follower: the effect of AD5791 D/A chip is to convert digital quantity to controllable analog output.The effect of AD5791 D/A chip is the resistance value R that will export will arranged on the lcd touch display, and this digital quantity is controlled to a magnitude of voltage analog quantity of 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter outputs by the RAM9 microcomputer controller.The Voltage-output of AD5791 D/A chip is controlled by the RAM9 microcomputer controller.The voltage of AD5791D/A chip, according to the instruction of RAM9 microcomputer controller, is exported needed magnitude of voltage.
Voltage follower is mainly the Voltage-output load capacity that improves the AD5791 chip.
The effect of matrix switch: C1, C2 or, the number of turn of the primary winding of the DC magnetic modulation of the main switching of the matrix switch 1 DC current proportioner of end, as 1 circle (range 20m Ω), 10 circles (range 200m Ω), 100 circles (range 2 Ω, 20 Ω).
The matrix switch 2 of P1, P2 end: a part is controlled micro-resistance output, another part switching 15 resistance in kind (being fixed value resistance) and fixed value resistance output.
The effect of RAM9 microcomputer controller: the instruction of the chip of control criterion device, the signal of lcd touch display, the matrix switch fill order, the resistance output order, data output is all completed by the RAM9 microcomputer controller.
The connected mode of RAM9 microcomputer controller and interlock circuit module:
The RAM9 microcomputer controller is connected with the lcd touch display with computer display interface device line VGA and connects;
RAM9 microcomputer controller and 71/2 digital voltmeter carry out communication by the RS232 interface;
RAM9 microcomputer controller and 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters carry out communication by the RS232 interface;
RAM9 microcomputer controller and two matrix switches carry out communication by the RS232 interface.
USB communication interface: by the lcd touch display, send instruction, through the RAM9 microcomputer controller, control, can transmit the relevant data of this standard set-up by communication interface, can carry out to the tested instrument that communication interface is arranged gamut accurately by communication interface detects automatically, can also be upgraded to detecting software by communication interface, also can directly be controlled this standard set-up by external computer.
Principle of work:
The output current I1 of measured instrument through C1, C2 or, input to matrix switch 1, after being switched to selected range, matrix switch 1 is input to again a winding of corresponding DC magnetic modulator, and produce magnetic potential on a winding, thereby magnet ring is magnetized, once,, when the number of turn is unequal in Secondary Winding, in iron core, just there is direct current flux to exist.The square wave input that driving source produces is in the excitation winding and detection winding of DC magnetic modulator, iron core is entered saturated, to induce the burst pulse that is twice in excitation frequency in the detection winding of DC magnetic modulator, and detected amplitude and the polarity of this pulse by the poor wave detector in peak, through peak, the zero magnetic flux balanced signal of poor wave detector output is through an automatic balancing circuit output zero magnetic flux balanced signal through amplification, this zero magnetic flux balanced signal through amplifying drives the power amplifier in Secondary Winding loop to convert d. c. voltage signal to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, the magnetic potential of a winding and the magnetic potential of Secondary Winding are equated, but opposite direction, making the direct current flux in DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero, current ratio is relevant to the turn ratio and be inverse ratio, very accurate due to the coiling of DC magnetic modulator winding, therefore form a very accurate DC current proportioner of ratio.The DC current proportioner according to wanted switching range according to turn ratio K=0.001(60mA/60A), 1T/1000T; K=0.01 (100mA/10A) 10T/1000T; K=0.1(100mA/1A), 100T/1000T; K=0.1(10mA/0.1A), 100T/1000T by the output current value I1 of measured instrument through DC current proportioner output current value I2, magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 produces a voltage on resistor network, measure this voltage by 71/2 digital voltmeter, this magnitude of voltage is transferred to the RAM9 microcomputer controller, completes the accurate collection of magnetic flux balanced balanced current.The purpose that detects this electric current is to know the relative error of tested instrument output current I1 and corresponding this relative error of output voltage.After collecting magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, the resistance value R(digital quantity that will export is set on the lcd touch display), this digital quantity is controlled to a magnitude of voltage analog quantity that meets U=I2R of 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter outputs to matrix switch 2 by the RAM9 microcomputer controller, control by matrix switch 2 the current potential input end that this magnitude of voltage is exported to measured instrument, thus the output that has realized simulating micro-resistance value.Resistance in kind is fixed value resistance.Pass through to click the lcd touch display by detecting software according to the resistance value of required detection, control through the RAM9 microcomputer controller, by matrix switch 2, control the switching of fixed value resistances and the output of fixed value resistance.By working power output 18V DC voltage to driving source as working power; Output ± 15V DC voltage to automatic balancing circuit as working power, output ± 30V to power amplifier circuit as working power.Send instruction by the lcd touch display, through the RAM9 microcomputer controller, control, transmit the related data of this standard set-up by communication interface, by communication interface, the tested instrument that communication interface is arranged being carried out to gamut accurately detects automatically, upgraded to detecting software by communication interface, also can directly be controlled this standard set-up by external computer.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the one-piece construction schematic diagram.
This device mainly is comprised of standard set-up main body, guidance panel and electronic circuit three parts.Wherein:
Described guidance panel is provided with:
Power switch 1: control on/off, during power connection, pilot lamp is bright;
Relay indicating light 2: the driving source working station indicator in the DC current proportioner.When duty is normal, pilot lamp is bright; During working state abnormal, pilot lamp does not work;
Communication interface 3: this interface is for transmitting the relevant data of the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital, and the gamut that the tested instrument that communication interface is arranged is carried out detects automatically, also can directly control this standard set-up by external computer; This communication interface can also be upgraded to software.
Lcd touch display 4: the resistance value that export is set, and working current during display measurement;
Current wiring terminal A5 during micro-resistance output: as working current≤10A, the current wiring terminal of micro-resistance output measurement range when 0～1.9M Ω;
Electric potential connection terminal 6 during micro-resistance output: the electric potential connection terminal while exporting micro-resistance;
Current wiring terminal B7 during micro-resistance output: as working current≤60A, the current wiring terminal of micro-resistance output measurement range when 0～20m Ω.
Referring to Fig. 2-Fig. 4, lcd touch display schematic diagram on panel.
Measurement range selection 8: click lcd touch display 8, select range 20m Ω;
Measurement range selection 9: click lcd touch display 9, select range 200m Ω;
Measurement range selection 10: click lcd touch display 10, select range 2 Ω;
Measurement range selection 11: click lcd touch display 11, select range 20 Ω;
Rise and regulate 13: in click lcd touch display 13 ▲, to this bit digital of adjusted,
Stepped intervals is 1;
Descend and regulate 14: click the ▼ in lcd touch display 14, regulate this bit digital downwards,
Stepped intervals is 1;
Duty 15: while showing ON, the resistance value of setting is at output state; Intelligence while showing OFF
The digital micro-resistance standard device of energy is output resistance not;
Measurement unit 16: the measurement unit that shows set micro-resistance value;
The micro-resistance value 17(arranged is at range 20m Ω, 200m Ω, 2 Ω, in 20 Ω): show set micro-resistance value;
Measurement unit 18: the measurement unit of working current;
Working current 19: the working current that shows the micro-resistance value of set output (at range 20m Ω, 200m Ω, 2 Ω, in 20 Ω);
Zero clearing 20: eliminate the zero-bit of current sampler, make tested current value more accurate.
Measurement unit 22: the measurement unit that shows selected resistance value in kind;
Display window 24: after the clicks keyboard, show the numerical value of inputting;
Determine 25: after the clicks keyboard, press this key, directly be presented on main interface clicking the numerical value of inputting;
Remove 26: numerical key is clicked while making a mistake, and presses this key, removes the numerical value of clicking;
Backspace 27: numerical key is clicked while making a mistake, and presses this key and once moves back forward one;
Exit 28: exit this interface;
Numerical key 29: the clicks keyboard can directly be keyed in the resistance value that will export.
Referring to Fig. 5, the fundamental diagram of electronic circuit part.
The output resistance of the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital has two kinds:
1, simulate micro-resistance:
The output current I1 of measured instrument inputs to matrix switch 1 through C1, C2 (or), after being switched to selected range, matrix switch 1 is input to again a winding of corresponding DC magnetic modulator, and produce magnetic potential on a winding, thereby magnet ring is magnetized, once,, when the number of turn is unequal in Secondary Winding, in iron core, just there is direct current flux to exist.By working power output 18V DC voltage to driving source as working power; Output ± 15V DC voltage to automatic balancing circuit as working power, output ± 30V to power amplifier circuit as working power.The square wave input that driving source produces is in the excitation winding and detection winding of DC magnetic modulator, iron core is entered saturated, to induce the burst pulse that is twice in excitation frequency in the detection winding of DC magnetic modulator, and detected amplitude and the polarity of this pulse by the poor wave detector in peak, through peak, the zero magnetic flux balanced signal of poor wave detector output is through an automatic balancing circuit output zero magnetic flux balanced signal through amplification, this zero magnetic flux balanced signal through amplifying drives the power amplifier in Secondary Winding loop to convert d. c. voltage signal to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, the magnetic potential of a winding and the magnetic potential of Secondary Winding are equated, but opposite direction, making the direct current flux in DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero, current ratio is relevant to the turn ratio and be inverse ratio, due to DC magnetic modulator winding can coiling very accurate, therefore can form a very accurate DC current proportioner of ratio.The DC current proportioner according to wanted switching range according to turn ratio K=0.001(60mA/60A), 1T/1000T; K=0.01 (100mA/10A) 10T/1000T; K=0.1(100mA/1A), 100T/1000T; K=0.1(10mA/0.1A), 100T/1000T by the output current value I1 of measured instrument through DC current proportioner output current value I2, magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 produces a voltage on resistor network, measure this voltage by 71/2 digital voltmeter, this magnitude of voltage is transferred to the RAM9 microcomputer controller, completes the accurate collection of magnetic flux balanced balanced current.After collecting magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, the resistance value R(digital quantity that will export is set on the lcd touch display), this digital quantity is controlled to a magnitude of voltage analog quantity of 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter outputs by the RAM9 microcomputer controller, and (1. this magnitude of voltage can meet U=I2R on the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital, 2. this magnitude of voltage is to offer working stamndard of 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter by the 10V reference power supply, thereby it is high to make 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters can export accuracy, the magnitude of voltage analog quantity of good stability) give matrix switch 2, control by matrix switch 2 the current potential input end that this magnitude of voltage is exported to measured instrument, thereby realized simulating the output of micro-resistance value.The purpose that detects this electric current is to know the relative error of tested instrument output current I1 and corresponding this relative error of output voltage.
2, resistance in kind is fixed value resistance.By detecting the resistance value of software by required detection, by clicking the lcd touch display, obtain, control through the RAM9 microcomputer controller, and control the switching of 15 fixed value resistances and the output of fixed value resistance by matrix switch 2.
By described DC current proportioner, with the D/A digital to analog converter, be combined, fully use the DC current proportioner to the accurate measurement of electric current and the program-controlled property of high precision digital-to-analogue technology export voltage, realized that tested instrument to communication interface is arranged carries out gamut accurately and automatically detects.
High stability and high-accuracy voltage by described 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter outputs, reach the accurate collection that has completed electric current by described DC current proportioner and resistance network, 71/2 digital voltmeter, not only reduce the deviation of micro-resistance output, also improved accuracy and the stability of standard set-up.
Transmit related data by communication interface, not only realized that by communication interface, the tested instrument that communication interface is arranged being carried out to gamut accurately detects automatically, can also be by communication interface to detecting software and be upgraded and realizing that external computer directly controls this standard set-up.
Referring to Fig. 6, detect software workflow:
Adopt C# language to be programmed to AD5791 D/A chip.
After the micro-resistance standard device start of intelligent digital enters duty, first judge whether the user selects material object
Resistance output?
Be, select resistance value in kind, carry out the matrix switch switching command.According to the resistance value of selecting, point
Hit the lcd touch display, show the resistance value in kind that will export on the lcd touch display;
No, select the micro-resistance range 20m Ω of simulation, 200m Ω, 2 Ω or 20 Ω, according to the mould of selecting
Intend micro-resistance range, matrix switch is carried out instruction, enter selected range, gather and measure the current value that the output current value of measured instrument is exported after the DC current proportioner, calculate corresponding magnitude of voltage according to clicking the resistance value that will export shown after the lcd touch display again, then export this magnitude of voltage by 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters, and export the micro-resistance value of selected simulation.
Check Fig. 7,10V reference power supply schematic diagram.
The input of civil power alternating current 220V, through transformer B step-down, forms rectifying and wave-filtering by diode D1, D2, capacitor C 1, and alternating current is become to direct current.Direct current is through first order voltage stabilizing, through the LM337 Voltage stabilizing module by voltage stabilization at direct current 15V, again through second level voltage stabilizing, the amplification of power supply adopts low drifting operating amplifier A, this voltage does not change because of variation of ambient temperature by the ratio that adopts a plurality of resistance to be sitting in calibration cell high stability stabilivolt LM399 and sampling resistor R5, R6(to make sampling resistor on same matrix) after the voltage of output compare and adjust pipe (BG1, two triodes of BG2), export high stability, high-precision 10V DC voltage.This direct current 10V voltage of output, as the working standard power supply of AD5791 D/A chip.+ 10V connects the VREFPS(3 pin of AD5791 D/A chip), 0V connects the VREFPF(4 pin of AD5791 D/A chip).
Referring to Fig. 8-Figure 10, the structural representation of DC magnetic modulator.
The DC magnetic modulator is a kind of toroidal transformer device (referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 9) of many windings, and it comprises the excitation winding, detects winding, winding, Secondary Winding, and their arrangement is referring to Figure 10.
Referring to Figure 11, DC magnetic modulator fundamental diagram.
Be wound with winding W1 on magnet ring one time, Secondary Winding W2 and the W inspection of detection winding and excitation winding.The working current of micro-resistance meter be primary current I1 through C1, C2 or, flow through W1, it produces magnetic potential I1W1 on W1, thus by the magnet ring magnetization, once, when the number of turn is unequal in Secondary Winding, just have direct current flux to exist in iron core.
The frequency that driving source produces is 800HZ, the square wave input that voltage is 300V is in excitation winding and detection winding, iron core is entered saturated, and induce the burst pulse that is twice in excitation frequency in the detection winding of DC magnetic modulator, and detected amplitude and the polarity of this pulse by the poor wave detector in peak, the direct current zero magnetic flux balanced signal of the poor wave detector output through peak is through zero magnetic flux balanced signal through amplifying of automatic balancing circuit output, this zero magnetic flux balanced signal of direct current through amplifying drives the power amplifier in Secondary Winding loop to convert d. c. voltage signal to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, the magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 W2 that flows through, produce magnetic potential I2 W2, now the magnetic potential of the magnetic potential of a winding and Secondary Winding equates, but opposite direction, making the direct current flux in DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero.
The magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 W2 that flows through, produce magnetic potential I2W2 and with the I1W1 opposite direction.When
During I2W2=I1W1, I2 will remain unchanged, therefore have: I2/I1=W1/W2, making direct current flux in iron core is zero, current ratio is relevant to the turn ratio and be inverse ratio, due to winding W can coiling very accurate, so instrument forms a very accurate DC current proportioner of ratio.One time winding W1 has three windings, is respectively 1 circle (1T), 10 circles (10T), 100 circles (100T).Secondary Winding W2 is only a winding, is 1000 circles (1000T), therefore form three ratio value K(, is turn ratio): 0.001,0.01,0.1.
Referring to Figure 12, the poor wave detector in peak and automatic balancing circuit schematic diagram.
The poor wave detector effect in peak is to detect amplitude and the polarity of the burst pulse that is twice in excitation frequency that in the DC magnetic modulator, the detection winding induces.From DC magnetic modulator 10,11 terminal non-zero magnetic flux signals of output (being alternating signal), to 1,2 terminal of the poor wave detector in peak, pass through D3, D4, C3, C4 becomes the Unidirectional direct-current signal to alternating signal, through C5, R3 filtering, after the filtering high-frequency interferencing signal, through R4, C6 capacitance-resistance dividing potential drop output direct current spike pulse (i.e. zero magnetic flux balanced signal) is to automatic balancing circuit 3 pin.
A2 comparison amplifier from working power output ± 15V DC voltage to automatic balancing circuit, direct current spike pulse (i.e. zero magnetic flux balanced signal) by the output of the poor wave detector in peak is input to automatic balancing circuit 3 pin, and the direct current zero magnetic flux balanced signal of having amplified by one of A2 comparison amplifier output arrives 4 pin of power amplifier.
Referring to Figure 13, power amplifier and current sampler circuit theory diagrams.
The effect of power amplifier is to drive the Secondary Winding of DC magnetic modulator that d. c. voltage signal is changed
Become magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, the magnetic potential of a winding and the magnetic potential of Secondary Winding are equated, but opposite direction, making the direct current flux in DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero.
Direct current zero magnetic flux balanced signal from automatic balancing circuit through 4 pin inputs, carry out energy conversion through the A3 power amplifier, convert DC current signal I2 to by d. c. voltage signal, this electric current is exactly K times (K is turn ratio) of input current (by the working current of test examination instrument), electric current I 2 outputs to 12 terminals of DC magnetic modulator Secondary Winding 1000T, and making the direct current flux in DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero.A3 power amplifier ± 30V DC voltage is provided by working power.
Electric current I 2 is input on the resistance network of current sampler through 13 terminals of DC magnetic modulator Secondary Winding 1000T, when passing through resistance network, I2 produces a voltage, measure this voltage by 71/2 digital voltmeter, be transferred to the RAM9 microcomputer controller, complete the accurate collection of I2 current value.
Referring to Figure 14, the driving source schematic diagram.
From, input 18V DC voltage is as working power.Driving source adopts recommends the self-sustained oscillation principle.Form square-wave oscillator by two 3AD30C triodes, the waveform of being exported by square-wave oscillator is square wave, and oscillation frequency is 800Hz, and voltage is 18V, then through transformer, boosts as peak-to-peak value voltage 300V.Wherein 7 pin of the excitation winding of DC magnetic modulator are delivered on a road, and another route 8 pin are received the detection winding of DC magnetic modulator.Driving source 9 pin are received the poor wave detector low side in peak (being working power 0V end).(encourage as shown in FIG. winding 10 pin, detect winding 11 pin and be connected to poor wave detector input end 1 pin in peak.), driving source is the power supply that the DC magnetic modulator enters duty, the frequency that it produces is the square wave that 800HZ, voltage are 300V, makes the DC magnetic modulator can detect direct current zero magnetic flux balanced signal under the excitation of driving source in detecting winding.
When square-wave oscillator is working properly, peak-to-peak value voltage 300V is added to voltage on neon lamp through 1M Ω current-limiting resistance, and neon lamp is bright, shows that driving source is working properly.
Referring to Figure 15, ARM9 microcomputer controller and AD5791 D/A chip interface schematic diagram.
ARM9 microcomputer controller and the explanation of AD5791 D/A chip interface:
AD5791 has 3 line serial line interfaces (SYNC, SCLK and SDIN), it and SPI, QSPI, MICROWIRE interface standard and most devices compatibility.
The interface circuit of ARM9 and AD5791, be connected with AD5791 by the SPI universal serial bus by ARM9, and SPI is full duplex transmission.This device adopts the MISO mode from inputting main output, and SCK controls clock signal, and nSS doubles as synchronous effect for starting transmission.VCC is that digital power connects, connect the 2.7V voltage interior to the 5.5V scope, IOVCC is the digital interface power pins, the numeral threshold level is with reference to the voltage that puts on this pin, but magnitude of voltage can not surpass VCC, and IOVCC is the digital interface power pins, the numeral threshold level is with reference to the voltage that puts on this pin, but magnitude of voltage can not surpass VCC, be connected two electric capacity in this circuit design between VCC and IOVCC and play the effect of decoupling, and be connected to DGND.It is positive benchmark driving voltage input (being supplied with by the 10V reference power supply), realize connecting the voltage within arrive-2.5V of 5V, due to the special permission demand of AD5791 characteristic on this pin with on be connected a unity gain amplifier, be wherein positive reference voltage input (being supplied with by the 10V reference power supply).In the design, AD8676 is as the reference voltage impact damper, and AD8675 is as output buffer.For reaching the specified linearity, benchmark input end must be used the compulsory test impact damper.Because the output impedance of AD5791 is 3.4 K, therefore need a voltage follower drive low resistance, high capacitance load.AD5791 is Voltage-output type D/A conversion chip, but in order to improve output voltage accuracy and load capacity, so connect an AD8675 amplifier in input.
When the hardware interface circuit of design ARM9 and AD5791, adopt using ARM9 as the SPI main frame, AD5791 is as slave.AD5791 only accepts the data from main frame, then carries out the D/A conversion and from VOUT pin output voltage to matrix switch 2.Serial line interface can adopt continous way serial clock working method.The SPICLK of ARM9 is as the clock input signal of AD5791, and data are at the negative edge input shift register of serial clock, and the highest clock rate with 35MHZ of data is transmitted.When SYNC remains low level in correct clock periodicity, can only use continuous SCLK clock source.Under the gated clock pattern, must adopt the burst clock that comprises definite clock periodicity, SYNC must be set to high level and carry out latch data after the clock period finishes.First negative edge of SYNC starts write cycle time.SCLK must, after 24 clock negative edges, could draw high SYNC again.If drew high SYNC before the 24th SCLK negative edge, the data that write are invalid.If before drawing high SYNC, 24 SCLK negative edges of surpassing are arranged, the input data are invalid equally.Input shift register upgrades at the rising edge of SYNC.If need carry out other serial transmissions, SYNC must be dragged down again.After serial transmission finishes, data are sent to addressing register from input shift register automatically.Once complete write cycle, just can when SYNC is high level, drag down LDAC, thereby upgrade output.
Reset function (RESET)
AD5791 utilizes software RESET to control function to realize being reset to power-up state.The RESET pin need not, it is hard wired to IOVCC.
Asynchronous resetting function (CLR)
Clear operation is carried out by the CLR position arranged in the software control register.
Referring to Figure 16, the working power schematic diagram.
This power supply is the working power of supplying with the DC current proportioner, and civil power 220V becomes 21V alternating voltage and 2 * 18V alternating voltage through transformer by the 220V alternating voltage.The 21V alternating voltage by 7818 Voltage stabilizing modules, becomes stable 18V direct voltage output (3 pin be+18V 4 pin be 0V) by the 21V alternating voltage through rectifying and wave-filtering.The 18V DC voltage is to provide the working power to driving source.
2 * 18V alternating voltage through rectifying and wave-filtering by 7815 and 7915 Voltage stabilizing modules by this part 2 * 18V alternating voltage become stable+15V DC voltage and-the 15V direct voltage output.± 15V DC voltage is to provide the working power to automatic balancing circuit.
2 * 18V alternating voltage offers power amplifier circuit through directly export ± 30V of rectifying and wave-filtering DC voltage as working power again.
Claims (5)
1. the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital; this device is comprised of standard set-up main body, guidance panel and electronic circuit three parts, it is characterized in that: described electronic circuit mainly consists of DC current proportioner, 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters, resistance in kind, current sampler, microcomputer controller and lcd touch display; The output current I1 of measured instrument through C1, C2 or, input to matrix switch 1, input to described DC current proportioner after the range that is switched to selection through matrix switch 1 again, convert I1 to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 through described DC current proportioner, magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 produces a voltage through described current sampler, and this magnitude of voltage is transferred in the RAM9 microcomputer controller to the accurate collection that completes the magnetic flux balanced balanced current; According to the magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 collected, the resistance value R that will export by the setting of lcd touch display, these resistance value data are controlled to a magnitude of voltage analog quantity that meets U=I2R of 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converter outputs to matrix switch 2 by the RAM9 microcomputer controller, control by matrix switch 2 the current potential input end that this magnitude of voltage is exported to measured instrument, realize the output of the micro-resistance value of simulation; Described resistance in kind is fixed value resistance, accepts the resistance value through the required detection of described lcd touch display setting by detecting software, then carries out the switching of fixed value resistance and the output of fixed value resistance through RAM9 microcomputer controller gating matrix switch 2.
2. the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described guidance panel is by power switch (1), relay indicating light (2), communication interface (3), lcd touch display (4), current wiring terminal A(5), electric potential connection terminal (6) and current wiring terminal B(7) form, described communication interface (3) is for transmitting the related data of the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital, the gamut that the tested instrument that communication interface is arranged is carried out detects automatically, also can external computer as the controller of this standard set-up, this communication interface can also be upgraded to software, described lcd touch display (4) is for the resistance value that will export is set, and working current during display measurement, described current wiring terminal A(5), be as working current≤10A, the current wiring terminal of micro-resistance output measurement range when 0～1.9M Ω, described electric potential connection terminal (6), the electric potential connection terminal while being the micro-resistance of output, described current wiring terminal B(7), be as working current≤60A, the current wiring terminal of micro-resistance output measurement range when 0～20m Ω.
3. the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described DC current proportioner is by driving source, the DC magnetic modulator, the poor wave detector in peak, automatic balancing circuit and power amplifier form, form the ratio value of turn ratio by described DC magnetic modulator, drive the power amplifier in the Secondary Winding loop of DC magnetic modulator by described power amplifier, convert d. c. voltage signal to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2, the magnetic potential of a winding and the magnetic potential of Secondary Winding are equated, but opposite direction, direct current flux to DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero, detect amplitude and the polarity of the burst pulse that is twice in excitation frequency that in the DC magnetic modulator, the detection winding induces by the poor wave detector in described peak, by automatic balancing circuit, the poor wave detector in peak is exported to again to the zero magnetic flux balanced signal of direct current spike pulse of automatic balancing circuit, exported to the driving signal of described power amplifier as this power amplifier after amplification, described driving source is that described DC magnetic modulator enters the square wave power of duty, described DC magnetic modulator detects direct current zero magnetic flux balanced signal and converts d. c. voltage signal to magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 through amplifying Driver amplifier under the excitation of described driving source in detecting winding, the magnetic potential of a winding and the magnetic potential of Secondary Winding are equated, but opposite direction, making the direct current flux in DC magnetic modulator iron core is zero, current ratio is relevant to the turn ratio and be inverse ratio, realization is by DC current 60A, 10A, 1A, 0.1A convert respectively DC current 60mA to, 100mA, 100mA, 10mA.
4. the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described 20 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters consist of 10V reference power supply, voltage follower, AD5791D/A chip and communication interface, by described 10V reference power supply output direct current 10V voltage, working standard power supply as AD5791 D/A chip, control AD5791 D/A chip by the RAM9 microcomputer controller and convert digital quantity to controllable analog output, improve the Voltage-output load capacity of AD5791D/A chip by voltage follower.
5. the micro-resistance standard device of intelligent digital according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described
Current sampler consists of 71/2 digital voltmeter and resistor network, and the magnetic flux balanced balanced current I2 that will obtain from described DC current proportioner produces a voltage on resistor network, by 71/2 digital voltmeter, measures this voltage.
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| CN104880606A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-02 | 苏州市华安普电力工程有限公司 | Loop resistance tester |
| CN105607574A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-25 | 天津市英贝特航天科技有限公司 | Adaptive analog quantity calibrating device |
| CN107976647A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-01 | 镇江市计量实验工厂 | A kind of high-voltage high resistance calibrating instrument intelligence calibrating installation |
| CN108111172A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-01 | 广州市熙泰自控设备有限公司 | A kind of circuit that digital quantity is converted to resistance output |
| CN108508391A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-09-07 | 福建省计量科学研究院（福建省眼镜质量检验站） | A kind of four probe resistance rate tester calibration modules |
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