CN103480268B - A kind of semidry method circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower - Google Patents

A kind of semidry method circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103480268B
CN103480268B CN201310444674.6A CN201310444674A CN103480268B CN 103480268 B CN103480268 B CN 103480268B CN 201310444674 A CN201310444674 A CN 201310444674A CN 103480268 B CN103480268 B CN 103480268B
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desulfurizing tower
secondary air
circulation
desulfurizing
desulfurization
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CN103480268A (en
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宋健斐
张慧敏
严超宇
魏耀东
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China University of Petroleum Beijing
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China University of Petroleum Beijing
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Abstract

A kind of semidry method circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower, by providing a kind of desulfurizing tower flue gas tangential admission structure, a rotational flow field is constructed to realize the abundant mixing contact of flue gas in desulfurizing tower, desulphurization reaction process in reinforcing desulfuration tower, take full advantage of desulfurizing agent, improve desulfuration efficiency, the intensity of Secondary Air strengthening rotating flow is set simultaneously, in desulfurizing tower, achieves the separation process between gas-solid.This structure eliminates the external cyclone water-separator of regular circulation fluid-bed sweetening technique, makes compact equipment, is convenient to installation and maintenance.

Description

A kind of semidry method circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower
Technical field
The present invention relates to fume desulfurizing tower, particularly circulation cyclone bed Summary of Semi-dry Flue Gas Desulfurization.The present invention is by arranging rotating inlet structure, air-flow in circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower is made to be in rotation status, the turbulence intensity of strengthening flow, desulfurizing agent is fully contacted with flue gas, thus raising desulfuration efficiency, Secondary Air air intake structure is set on desulfurizing tower top simultaneously, strengthens the spin intensity of dust-contained airflow, carry out gas solid separation process, gas solid separation and flue gas desulfurization are completed in a tower.
Background technology
Flue gas desulfurization (FGD-flue gas desulfurization) is according to the form of sulphur compound absorbent and byproduct, and desulfur technology can be divided into dry method, semidry method and wet method three kinds.Dry desulfurizing process mainly utilizes the SO in solid absorbent removal flue gas 2, generally limestone fines is sprayed in burner hearth, makes its decomposes become CaO, absorb the SO in flue gas 2, generate CaSO 3, collect at deduster or discharge through chimney together with flying dust, the advantage of dry desulfurization is discharged without waste water, spent acid in administering, and decreases secondary pollution; Shortcoming is that desulfuration efficiency is low, and equipment is huge.Wet process of FGD adopts liquid-absorbant to carry out gas liquid reaction under ionic conditions, removes the SO in flue gas 2, system device therefor is simple, and stable and reliable operation, desulfuration efficiency is high, but flue gas after desulfurization temperature is lower, and comparatively dry method is serious in the corrosion of equipment.
Semi-dry desulfurizing process is between dry method and wet method.The representative instance of semi-dry desulfurizing process is Analyss of Desulphurization Technology of Flue Gas Recirculation Fluid-bad (CFB-FGD, circulating fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization).This technique is based on recirculating fluidized bed principle, and main equipment is desulfurizing tower, and the sweetening process of flue gas is carried out in desulfurizing tower.Desulfurization absorbent is generally Ca (OH) 2dry powder, particle is very thin, below 10 μm.In Analyss of Desulphurization Technology of Flue Gas Recirculation Fluid-bad, sulfur-containing smoke gas enters usually bottom desulfurizing tower, and flue gas speed after Venturi tube is accelerated, and is combined with each other with very thin absorbent powder, evenly up in tower.The bottom of desulfurizing tower sprays into desulfurizing agent and appropriate atomized water in tower.Desulfurization absorbent and appropriate atomized water react with the sulfide in flue gas in up process, deviate from sulfureous in flue gas containing thing.Therefore this course of reaction is an equally distributed course of reaction of solids loading, and flue gas and desulfurizing agent carry out under even concentration distributes and speed is uniformly distributed.Flue gas after desulfurization flows out from tower top, enters in cyclone separator and carries out gas solid separation, the major part of desulfurization absorbent solid particle is separated from flue gas.These solid particles collected ash silo and circulation pipe in the middle of one return desulfurizing tower to be continued to use.Because most of particle all circulates repeatedly, therefore the holdup time of absorbent in desulfurizing tower is very long, generally can reach more than 30 minutes, substantially increases the utilization rate of absorbent.Circulating fluidized bed desulfur not only has many advantages of dry process, as flow process is simple, take up an area few, invest little and byproduct can fully utilize, and in very low calcium sulfur ratio situation, (Ca/S=1.1 ~ 1.2) higher desulfuration efficiency (95% more than) can be reached.
Because the sweetening process of flue gas is carried out in desulfurizing tower, the Gas-solid Two-phase Flow feature therefore in desulfurizing tower is one of key factor affecting desulfurized effect.Current desulfurizing tower is on streaming mode, and many employing air distribution plates or Venturi tube, object is uniform distribution air-flow, maintains the equally distributed reaction characteristics of fluid bed solids loading.Desirable flow regime is that air upflow distribution is even as far as possible, symmetrical on different tower section, gives full play to the useful space in desulfurizing tower, makes full use of desulfurizing agent and complete sweetening process, improve smoke desulfurization efficiency.
But this course of reaction has the following disadvantages:
1. the desulfurization of semidry-method recirculating fluidized bed sulfur removal technology is carried out in two equipment with being separated, and flue gas desulfurization is carried out in desulfurizing tower, and flue gas and being separated in cyclone separator of absorbent are carried out.Because desulfurizing tower and cyclone separator two device are arranged, process equipment integral arrangement floor space is large, and equipment size is also very large.
2. be evenly up air-flow in desulfurizing tower, air stream shear forces is less, and turbulence intensity is not high, and flue gas and desulfurization agent are not fierce, undercompounding, can not strengthen the course of reaction of flue gas and desulfurizing agent.
3. because the shearing force in desulfurizing tower between gas-solid is smaller, frictional impact between particle is not fierce, the product on sorbent particle surface remains, and the desulfurizing agent hindering outside flue gas and granule interior proceeds to react, and can not make full use of desulfurizing agent.
4. by the needs that restriction and the flue of the base support structure of desulfurizing tower are arranged, flue is entered by side level bottom desulfurizing tower usually, by 90 ° of bend pipes are advanced into desulfurizing tower, be subject to the impact of gas inertia, make the velocity of flue gas skewness entering desulfurizing tower, there is larger speed bias current.Although can adjustment member bias current by single Venturi tube or multiple Venturi tube, be subject to the restriction that can not produce very large pressure drop, this adjustment be limited, especially large diameter desulfurizing tower, is difficult to the velocity of flue gas maintained in desulfurizing tower and is uniformly distributed.
5. the set-up mode of flue, first level enters, then by 90 ° of bend pipes and Venturi tube being advanced into the structure of desulfurizing tower, adds the whole height of desulfurizing tower.
6. the import of desulfurizing agent is located on the sidewall bottom desulfurizing tower usually, can cause at the inner skewness of desulfurizing tower after such desulfurizing agent enters, inlet port place desulfurizing agent concentration is higher, the desulfurizing agent concentration of other positions is on the low side, cause the time of staying of desulfurizing agent in desulfurizing tower of spraying in tower uneven, there is very large difference, affect the utilization rate of desulfuration efficiency and desulfurizing agent.
Chinese invention patent CN200410101852.6 proposes a kind of stack gas desulfurization and dust removal of circulating fluid bed integral method and device, pre-separation room is set bottom desulfurizing tower, pre-separation room adopts two-way tangential admission structure to form rotating flow in pre-separation room, but object is the pre-separation realizing solid particle in the buffering of flue gas and flue gas, desulphurization reaction is not had to carry out, after being separated, flue gas enters desulfurizing tower through changeover portion again, changeover portion form class is like venturi tube bank, effect is still distribution air-flow, and the air velocity distribution in desulfurizing tower is evenly up.
Chinese invention patent CN200410101853.0 proposes a kind of dry-type circulating fluidized bed desulfurization reaction tower, pre-separation room is set bottom desulfurizing tower, pre-separation room tangential admission forms rotating flow, object is the pre-separation realizing solid particle in the buffering of flue gas and flue gas, desulphurization reaction is not had to carry out, after being separated, flue gas enters desulfurizing tower through venturi section again, and the air velocity distribution in desulfurizing tower is evenly up.
Summary of the invention
The present invention builds the abundant mixing contact that a rotational flow field realizes flue gas in desulfurizing tower, and the desulphurization reaction process in reinforcing desulfuration tower, arranges the intensity of Secondary Air strengthening rotating flow simultaneously, realize the separation process between gas-solid in desulfurizing tower.
The present invention, by providing a kind of desulfurizing tower flue gas tangential admission structure, forms a rotating flow, due to the existence of centrifugal force field, traditional homogeneous reaction process is improved to heterogeneous reaction process in desulfurizing tower.Solve traditional desulfurizing tower flow field shearing force by said method smaller, air stream turbulence intensity is not high, flue gas and desulfurization agent insufficient, the problem that sorbent utilization is not high.
The present invention is by providing a kind of Secondary Air tangential inlet nozzle of desulfurizing tower, the rotational flow field in reinforcing desulfuration tower.Under the condition of centrifugal force field, realize the gas solid separation process of flue gas and desulfurization absorbent.
The absorbent of separated and collected, by providing a kind of venturi feeding structure, rejoins in desulfurizing tower by the present invention, the cycle-index of reinforcing desulfuration absorbent, extends the time of staying of desulfurization absorbent.
A kind of semidry method circulation of the present invention cyclone bed desulfurizing tower, comprise smoke inlet pipe (1), Venturi tube (2), absorbent charging aperture (3), circulation desulfurization reactor (4), secondary air flow control valve (5), guide vane (6), distributor (7), secondary air channel (8), smoke outlet tube (9), desulfurizing tower (10), overfire air jet (11), secondary air separating orchestration (12), desulfurization absorbent outlet (13), helical blade (14), desulfurization absorbent inlet tube (15), desulfurizing agent discharge gate (16), it is characterized in that: smoke inlet pipe (1) is connected with Venturi tube (2), Venturi tube (2) is connected with circulation desulfurization reactor (4), circulation desulfurization reactor (4) middle part arranges and connects desulfurization absorbent inlet tube (15), helical blade (14) is installed in desulfurization absorbent inlet tube (15) outlet, guide vane (6) is set between circulation desulfurization reactor (4) and desulfurization absorbent inlet tube (15) annular, circulation desulfurization reactor (4) outlet arranges distributor (7), circulation desulfurization reactor (4) is arranged on the bottom of desulfurizing tower (10), the top of desulfurizing tower (10) arranges secondary air separating orchestration (12), secondary air separating orchestration (12) inside arranges overfire air jet (11), overfire air jet (11) is arranged on the top of desulfurizing tower (10) in a tangential manner, secondary air channel (8) entrance connects smoke inlet pipe (1), secondary air channel (8) outlet connecting secondary wind distributor (12), secondary air channel (8) pipeline is installed secondary air flow control valve (5), absorbent charging aperture (3) is arranged on Venturi tube (2) middle part, desulfurizing agent discharge gate (16) is arranged on the bottom of desulfurizing tower (10), smoke outlet tube (9) is positioned at the top of desulfurizing tower (10).
Be arranged on the top of desulfurizing tower (10) in a tangential manner, secondary air channel (8) entrance connects smoke inlet pipe (1), secondary air channel (8) outlet connecting secondary wind distributor (12), secondary air channel (8) pipeline is installed secondary air flow control valve (5), absorbent charging aperture (3) is arranged on Venturi tube (2) middle part, desulfurizing agent discharge gate (16) is arranged on the bottom of desulfurizing tower (10), and smoke outlet tube (9) is positioned at the top of desulfurizing tower (10).
A kind of semidry method circulation of the present invention cyclone bed desulfurizing tower, it is characterized in that: described circulation desulfurization reactor (4) is positioned at desulfurizing tower bottom centre position, circulation desulfurization reactor (4) bottom connects Venturi tube (2), and secondary air separating orchestration (12) is arranged on desulfurizing tower (10) top.
A kind of semidry method circulation of the present invention cyclone bed desulfurizing tower, it is characterized in that: described secondary air separating orchestration (12) inside arranges multiple overfire air jet (11), and overfire air jet (11) is arranged on the top of desulfurizing tower (10) in a tangential manner.
The present invention arranges circulation desulfurization reactor (4) bottom desulfurizing tower, its object is to overcome flue gas stream shearing force in traditional desulfurizing tower smaller, air stream turbulence intensity is not high, flue gas and desulfurization agent insufficient, the problem that sorbent utilization is not high.The tangential air outlet structure of circulation desulfurization reactor (4) makes flue gas in desulfurizing tower, form strong rotating flow.Under the effect of rotating flow, the shearing force of air-flow and turbulence intensity improve, and flue gas fully contacts with desulfurizing agent and is mixed to get strengthening.Due to the effect of rotating flow, between sorbent particle, collision and friction mutually, makes the product on sorbent particle surface come off, and the inner active high part of sorbent particle continues to participate in reaction, improves the utilization rate of desulfurizing agent.Particle under the influence of centrifugal force simultaneously, and intergranular shearing centrifugation strengthens, and particle is agglomerate not easily, does not produce deposition, and particle is easily taken away by up flue gas.The entrance of desulfurizing agent is arranged on the centre of desulfurizing tower, and the jet-action due to eddy flow makes desulfurizing agent be evenly distributed in desulfurizing tower inside, avoids desulfurizing agent in the past and enters the desulfurizing agent problem pockety of generation at sidewall.Although the effect of rotating flow makes sorbent particle move to wall, because the particle diameter of particle is smaller, rotating flow tangentially limited, movement of particles is greater than the reaction time of desulfurizing agent to the time foot of wall.
The present invention, by providing a kind of Secondary Air tangential inlet nozzle (11) of desulfurizing tower, its objective is and tangentially introduces high velocity air.Spraying into of Secondary Air makes the rotary speed of air-flow in desulfurizing tower increase, and the rotary centrifugal force flow field in reinforcing desulfuration tower, realizes the gas solid separation process of flue gas and desulfurization absorbent.Simultaneously to carry separated desulfurization absorbent particle descending for downward axial velocity, enters into the laying dust room of desulfurizing tower bottom, decrease the back-mixing of desulfurization absorbent particle in desulfurizing tower.
The present invention arranges absorbent charging aperture (3) by providing a kind of at Venturi tube (2) middle part, desulfurization absorbent particle is sucked and enters circulation desulfurization reactor (4), maintain the endocorpuscular circulating ratio of desulfurizing tower, ensure the time of staying of desulfurization absorbent particle, improve the utilization rate of desulfurization absorbent.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is illustrated in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower.
Fig. 2 is secondary air separating orchestration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 3 is overfire air jet.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower.At a kind of semidry method circulation of use the present invention cyclone bed desulfurizing tower, flue gas, from smoke inlet pipe (1), enters circulation desulfurization reactor (4) through Venturi tube (2).Due to the swabbing action of Venturi tube (2), the absorbent granules of laying dust room is drawn into circulation desulfurization reactor (4).Circulation desulfurization reactor (4) outlet is provided with guide vane (6), after flue gas flows out, forms rotation, make to form strong rotational flow field in circulating fluidized bed desulfurization tower.Fresh desulfurization absorbent is sprayed by the desulfurization absorbent outlet (13) at circulation desulfurization reactor (4) center being positioned at desulfurizing tower bottom centre position, directive distributor (7), helical blade (14) is set simultaneously and forms rotating discharge, identical with the rotation direction of flue gas.Desulfurizing agent enters to surrounding homogenous diffusion after desulfurizing tower, and desulfurizing agent is uniformly distributed in desulfurizing tower.
Desulfurizing tower is inner forms strong rotating flow under the effect of rotating flow, forms 3D velocity field, and the shearing force of air-flow and turbulence intensity improve, and ensures that flue gas fully contacts with between desulfurizing agent and mixes.Due to the effect of rotating flow, collision and friction mutually between sorbent particle, sorbent particle is in the concentrated rotation of wall surface, the product on sorbent particle surface is come off, the inner active high part of sorbent particle continues to participate in reaction, take full advantage of desulfurizing agent, improve the utilization rate of desulfurizing agent.Particle under the influence of centrifugal force simultaneously, and intergranular shearing centrifugation strengthens, and particle is agglomerate not easily, does not produce deposition, and particle is easily taken away by up flue gas.
Detailed description of the invention
Arrange secondary air separating orchestration (12) at the top of desulfurizing tower, Secondary Air tangentially enters desulfurizing tower (10) by overfire air jet (11), and rotation direction is consistent with the swirling eddy from circulation desulfurization reactor (4).Secondary air flow is regulated by the secondary air flow control valve (5) be arranged on secondary air channel (8).Because the entrance velocity of Secondary Air is higher, the intensity of the swirling eddy at top is significantly improved, there is very strong function of centrifugal separation, desulfurization absorbent particle is separated with flue gas, after the reaction time of 4 ~ 6s, arrive wall, desulfurization absorbent particle is descending along wall.Because axial velocity up in the middle part of desulfurizing tower is larger, entrained particles is up, can avoid the sedimentation of particle.And axial velocity near wall is downward, conveying particle enters into the laying dust room bottom desulfurizing tower.Flue gas after desulfurization flows out from the smoke outlet tube (9) being positioned at desulfurizing tower (10) top.
Indoor at laying dust, core is Venturi tube (2), and Venturi tube is opened absorbent charging aperture (3).Due to the swabbing action of Venturi tube internal gas flow, the absorbent granules of laying dust room is entrainmented and enters Venturi tube, flow to circulation desulfurization reactor (4) by Venturi tube, again enter desulfurizing tower and recycle, thus maintain the circulation of absorbent.In circulation desulfurization reactor (4), flue gas and desulfurization absorbent carry out Dry FGD process simultaneously.
Laying dust room arranges desulfurizing agent discharge gate (16), according to quantity delivered and the dedusting separative efficiency of absorbent, discharges absorbent in proportion, delivers to ash silo and wait to transport outward.
A kind of semidry method circulation of the present invention cyclone bed desulfurizing tower, its theoretical foundation is the reaction pattern adopting non-homogeneous CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION, change the reaction pattern of the uniform concentration of desulfurizing tower in the past, by arranging circulation desulfurization reactor bottom desulfurizing tower, at desulfurizing tower top, Secondary Air air inlet is set, fluidized gas power and rotary centrifugal force are organically combined, there is following beneficial effect:
1. flue gas forms strong rotating flow in desulfurizing tower, sorbent particle CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION is uneven, larger shearing force is there is between air-flow, the turbulence intensity of air-flow also improves greatly, there is good gas-solid contact, mixing, turbulence effect, maintain desulfurizing agent and fully contacting between flue gas, the desulphurization reaction process of strengthening flue gas and desulfurizing agent.
2., due to the centrifugal action of rotating flow, sorbent particle is in the concentrated rotation of wall surface, and the collision friction between particle makes the product of particle surface come off, inner fresh desulfurizing agent continues to participate in smoke contacts to react, take full advantage of desulfurizing agent, improve desulfuration efficiency, Be very effective.The centrifugal action of rotating flow simultaneously, sorbent particle, in the concentrated rotation of wall surface, forms stronger washing away at wall surface, can effectively prevent wall sticking phenomenon from occurring.
3. due to the rotational flow strengthening effect of Secondary Air, have the function of separate absorbent agent, the external cyclone water-separator can cancelling regular circulation fluid-bed sweetening technique makes compact equipment, rationally, is convenient to installation and maintenance.

Claims (3)

1. a semidry method circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower, comprise smoke inlet pipe (1), Venturi tube (2), absorbent charging aperture (3), circulation desulfurization reactor (4), secondary air flow control valve (5), guide vane (6), distributor (7), secondary air channel (8), smoke outlet tube (9), desulfurizing tower (10), overfire air jet (11), secondary air separating orchestration (12), desulfurization absorbent outlet (13), helical blade (14), desulfurization absorbent inlet tube (15), desulfurizing agent discharge gate (16), it is characterized in that: smoke inlet pipe (1) is connected with Venturi tube (2), Venturi tube (2) is connected with circulation desulfurization reactor (4), circulation desulfurization reactor (4) middle part arranges and connects desulfurization absorbent inlet tube (15), helical blade (14) is installed in desulfurization absorbent inlet tube (15) outlet, guide vane (6) is set between circulation desulfurization reactor (4) and desulfurization absorbent inlet tube (15) annular, circulation desulfurization reactor (4) outlet arranges distributor (7), circulation desulfurization reactor (4) is arranged on the bottom of desulfurizing tower (10), the top of desulfurizing tower (10) arranges secondary air separating orchestration (12), secondary air separating orchestration (12) inside arranges overfire air jet (11), overfire air jet (11) is arranged on the top of desulfurizing tower (10) in a tangential manner, secondary air channel (8) entrance connects smoke inlet pipe (1), secondary air channel (8) outlet connecting secondary wind distributor (12), secondary air channel (8) pipeline is installed secondary air flow control valve (5), absorbent charging aperture (3) is arranged on Venturi tube (2) middle part, desulfurizing agent discharge gate (16) is arranged on the bottom of desulfurizing tower (10), smoke outlet tube (9) is positioned at the top of desulfurizing tower (10).
2. semidry method circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described circulation desulfurization reactor (4) is positioned at desulfurizing tower bottom centre position, circulation desulfurization reactor (4) bottom connects Venturi tube (2), and secondary air separating orchestration (12) is arranged on desulfurizing tower (10) top.
3. semidry method circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described secondary air separating orchestration (12) inside arranges multiple overfire air jet (11), and overfire air jet (11) is arranged on the top of desulfurizing tower (10) in a tangential manner.
CN201310444674.6A 2013-09-27 2013-09-27 A kind of semidry method circulation cyclone bed desulfurizing tower Expired - Fee Related CN103480268B (en)

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CN106039973A (en) * 2016-07-04 2016-10-26 钱诚 Annular air incoming device of desulfurization absorbing tower
CN106345375B (en) * 2016-10-26 2019-05-31 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 A kind of common loop reactor simultaneous with reaction and separation function
CN106925109B (en) * 2017-05-17 2023-05-23 山西大学 Device and method for removing sulfur trioxide in coal-fired flue gas by adopting cyclone ejector
CN107469611B (en) * 2017-09-12 2019-07-19 浙江千尧环境工程有限公司 A kind of coke oven desulphurization system
CN109011856B (en) * 2018-05-14 2021-08-17 启东市供销机械有限公司 Novel two-stage combined dust removal unit
CN109966882A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-05 山东中玻节能环保发展有限公司 A kind of turbulent closure scheme formula sintering device flue gas dry desulfurization device
CN111545042B (en) * 2020-05-12 2022-07-12 江苏峰峰鸿运环保科技发展有限公司 Flue gas semi-dry desulfurization device and method
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