CN103474868A - Thulium-doped all-fiber laser device capable of outputting high-power 2-micron linearly polarized laser - Google Patents
Thulium-doped all-fiber laser device capable of outputting high-power 2-micron linearly polarized laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A thulium-doped all-fiber laser device capable of outputting high-power 2-micron linearly polarized laser comprises N first high-power laser diodes with tail fiber output ends, N second high-power laser diodes with tail fiber output ends, a first optical fiber combiner, a second optical fiber combiner, a first passive optical fiber inscribed with a Bragg grating, a second passive optical fiber inscribed with a Bragg grating, a first polarization-maintaining double-clad thulium-doped optical fiber, a second polarization-maintaining double-clad thulium-doped optical fiber, a first optical fiber end cap, a second optical fiber end cap and a single-polarization optical fiber. The thulium-doped all-fiber laser device has the advantages of being simple and compact in structure, high in power used when 2-micron laser is output, high in linear polarization degree and the like. Besides, by means of the all-fiber structure, the thulium-doped all-fiber laser device is easy to construct, use and popularize commercially.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fiber laser technology field, particularly a kind of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser.
Background technology
In recent years, due to the extensive use of 2 microns laser in fields such as national defence, medical treatment, remote sensing technology and biological studies, excited and studied the upsurge that it produces means, and then made 2 laser micrometers, at aspects such as power, beam quality, commercializations, significant progress arranged.Among this, the thulium-doped fiber laser that can be used to produce 2 microns laser is particularly noticeable.This is due to some total good characteristics of fiber laser on the one hand, as a little less than thermal effect, the single mode running, beam quality is high and full fiberize after be easy to be integrated into product etc.The Some features had as gain medium itself owing to mixing thulium silicon dioxide on the other hand.At first, mixing thulium silicon dioxide has a plurality of absworption peaks at each wavelength, so the selection of pumping source has very large leeway.Particularly near the absworption peak 790 nanometers has very large absorption cross-section, even therefore adopt cladding pumping also can in several meters, fully be absorbed in the pump light of this wave-length coverage, and then produces very high gain.This just just in time can utilize the laser diode of this wave-length coverage that also develops very rapidly at present as pumping source.Under the combination of these two, existing company report obtains over two microns continuous lights of 1 kilowatt and exports at present.Secondly, mix thulium silicon dioxide has very wide emission spectra near 2 microns, this means that it has very wide wavelength tuning range, and forefathers' experiment shows, exportable from about 1850 nanometers to the laser of 2050 nanometers.In addition, wide emission spectra means that it supports punching output in ultrashort second equally.According to Fourier's variation relation, can support to be less than in theory the generation of 100 femtosecond ultrashort pulses.Moreover, near 800 nanometers, pump light can cause the cross relaxation process of the Tricationic initiation energy inter-stage of thulium, and then make pump light greatly promote to the quantum efficiency of laser, and approach in theory 200 percent, also obtained approximately 60 percent oblique efficiency in experiment.So high transformation efficiency makes and mixes thulium laser and have leading position in 2 microns laser generation fields.
Although have been reported and mix thulium laser by full optical fiber and obtained 2 microns continuous lights outputs that surpass 1 kilowatt, it exports random polarization only, can't meet the requirement of the application of some needs linearly polarized lasers as laser radar, non-linear wavelength conversion etc.At present, the laser of the above 2 microns polarised lights of the output hectowatt of report has all adopted the mode of space optical coupling, and this is unfavorable for using of laser and realizes commercialization.And wieldy full-optical-fiber laser does not also have the report that obtains 2 microns polarised light outputs of hectowatt grade at present.In addition, for realizing polarised light vibration output, generally adopted at present the Wavelength matched mode of resonant cavity two ends feedback fast and slow axis, the impact on the factors such as accuracy of axle when the degeneration of this mode degree of polarization owing to being subject to laser and transmit in polarization maintaining optical fibre, welding is difficult to the very high linear polarization degree of acquisition.The problem of degree of polarization has appeared in the laser that adopts traditional " main power oscillation amplification " configuration equally.Because this class laser has a plurality of amplifying stages usually, also just mean needs adopt longer polarization maintaining optical fibre and a plurality of need to be to the fusion point of axle welding, these factors are all the obstructions that obtains high power, high linear polarization degree laser.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the difficulty that above-mentioned employing all optical fibre structure obtains high power, 2 microns laser of high linear polarization degree, and what proposed a kind of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers mix the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, its characteristics are, comprising: passive fiber, the second segment that N has inscribed Bragg grating with the first high-power laser diode of tail optical fiber delivery, N with the second high-power laser diode, the first optical fiber end cap, the second optical fiber end cap, the first optical-fiber bundling device, the second optical-fiber bundling device, the first paragraph of tail optical fiber delivery inscribed that passive fiber, the first paragraph of Bragg grating are protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber, second segment is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber and single polarization fiber;
The annexation of above-mentioned each element is as follows:
The output of described N the first high-power laser diode is respectively through the first pump light input of N section the first pumping optical fiber and the first optical-fiber bundling device, the second pump light input, N pump light input connects, the flashlight input of this first optical-fiber bundling device is connected with described the first optical fiber end cap, the flashlight output of the first optical-fiber bundling device has been inscribed the passive fiber of Bragg grating successively through described first paragraph, first paragraph is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber, single polarization fiber, second segment is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber and has been inscribed the passive fiber of Bragg grating with second segment and be connected with the flashlight input of described the second optical-fiber bundling device, the output of described N the second high-power laser diode is respectively through the first pump light input of N section the second pumping optical fiber and the second optical-fiber bundling device, the second pumping input, N pump light input connects, the flashlight output of this second optical-fiber bundling device is connected with the second optical fiber end cap.
The described first doping weight ratio of protecting the Tricationic of thulium in inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber and the inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber fibre core of the second guarantor all is more than or equal to one of percentage.
The passive fiber that first paragraph has been inscribed Bragg grating is more than or equal to 95% to the light reflectivity of laser wave strong point, and the passive fiber that described second segment has been inscribed Bragg grating is less than or equal to 20% to the light reflectivity of laser wave strong point.
The reflection live width that passive fiber, the second segment that described first paragraph has been inscribed Bragg grating inscribed Bragg grating in the passive fiber of Bragg grating is less than respectively 0.5 nanometer.
The pump light input number of described the first optical-fiber bundling device and the second optical-fiber bundling device is N=2,6,12 or 18.
The pump light of the output of described the first high-power laser diode with the tail optical fiber delivery and the second high-power laser diode is continuous light, and wave-length coverage is that 750 nanometers are to 820 nanometers.
The length of described single polarization fiber is 0.1～0.5 meter.
The diameter of section of described the first optical fiber end cap and the second optical fiber end cap all is greater than 1 millimeter, and each output face is 8 degree angles and cuts sth. askew.
Between described each element, by welding, connect, to realize all optical fibre structure.
Keep mutually vertically between the both sides slow axis of fusion point and slow axis when when when described the first inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber of guarantor and single polarization fiber welding, the both sides of fusion point, single polarization fiber and second are protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber welding, inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber and the second passive fiber welding are protected in the both sides, second of fusion point, keep overlapping between the slow axis of fusion point both sides and slow axis during all the other each element weldings.
The optical fiber junction that the present invention mixes each element of thulium full-optical-fiber laser should meet the coupling of numerical aperture, and the output wavelength of its laser and the spectral width Bragg grating in the first passive fiber and the second passive fiber determines., the wave-length coverage of Laser output is that 1850 nanometers are to 2050 nanometers.
Compared with prior art, improvement and bring new ideas of the present invention comprises:
1) added one section single polarization fiber in laserresonator.Different polarization maintaining optical fibres just keep by the polarisation of light state, and single polarization fiber only has slow axial light to pass through at selected wave band, and fast axial light is depleted.Due to these characteristics, only have the light of particular polarization can be in chamber starting of oscillation and being exaggerated, the light of other direction is depleted by single polarization fiber the time, this can make the linear polarization degree of output polarization light improve.Simultaneously, due to the minimizing of other polarized component, energy stored in gain media also can obtain more efficiently utilization, and this makes pump light be improved to the transformation efficiency of laser.
2) the present invention has adopted and directly by oscillator stage, has exported the mode of hectowatt grade high power laser light, laser compared to traditional employing " main power oscillation amplification " mode, directly vibration is more efficient, and due to laser the shortening of transmission range in optical fiber, the impact of polarization state degradation effect dies down, and makes Output of laser have higher linear polarization degree.
3) high-power laser diode pumping, fiber cladding pumping, bundling device are closed to bundle and be coupled into the technology such as chamber, end pumping, fused fiber splice, end cap suppress amplified spont-aneous emission and resonant cavity two ends feedback fast and slow axis is Wavelength matched and combine 2 microns laser that make full optical fiber mix thulium laser output high-power, high linear polarization degree and become possibility.
It is simple in structure, compact that the present invention has, and the power of exporting 2 microns laser is high, linear polarization degree advantages of higher, and, due to all optical fibre structure, be easy to build and use and commercialization popularization.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of mixing the thulium full-optical-fiber laser of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the simple and easy level structure figure of the Tricationic of thulium, and each arrow has represented utilization
3h
6arrive
3h
4related Main physical process when the transition pumping produces 2 microns laser.
Figure 3 shows that two sections with the reflectance spectrum of the passive fiber of Bragg grating and the transmission spectrum of single polarization fiber.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail, the present embodiment is implemented take technical solution of the present invention under prerequisite, provided detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Please first consult Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of mixing the thulium full-optical-fiber laser of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers of the present invention, as shown in the figure, a kind of output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers mix the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, its formation comprises: N the first high-power laser diode 1 with the tail optical fiber delivery, N the second high-power laser diode 5, the first optical fiber end cap 7, the second optical fiber end cap 8, the first optical-fiber bundling device 41, the second optical-fiber bundling device 42 and laserresonator with the tail optical fiber delivery.Passive fiber 2, the second segment that laserresonator has been inscribed Bragg grating by first paragraph inscribed that passive fiber 3, the first paragraph of Bragg grating are protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber 11, second segment protects inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber 12 and single polarization fiber 6 forms.
First paragraph is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber 11 and second segment, and to protect inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber 12 are gain medias, excited absorption pump light and spontaneous and 2 microns light of stimulated radiation.First paragraph inscribed the passive fiber 2 of Bragg grating and 3 of passive fibers that second segment has been inscribed Bragg grating and be equivalent in the conventional solid laser before Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror, the feedback of the light on specific wavelength and direction is provided.One section 6 of single polarization fiber has carried out further screening to lasing polarization state.Usually according to thulium doped fiber, the covering absorption coefficient to pumping determines the length of gain media.Preferably can absorb the approximately doped fiber of 90 percent pump light is advisable.For guaranteeing the end face output of 2 microns laser from the second optical fiber end cap 8, the passive fiber 2 that first paragraph has been inscribed Bragg grating should be more high better at the reflectivity of laser wave strong point, according to current technique, reflectivity can reach more than 99 percent usually, and second segment has been inscribed the passive fiber 3 of Bragg grating, near high-gain coefficient due to thulium doped fiber 2 microns, do not need high reflectivity usually, generally gets the ten Percent left and right and be advisable.Single polarization fiber 6 does not need oversize, is less than half meter and gets final product, and this is because it is expensive on the one hand, is because there will be equally the polarization state degradation phenomena when it is long on the other hand yet.In addition, about laser cavity select polarization state part we will in conjunction with Fig. 3, describe below.
Pumping source is that some the first high power laser lights two swash the sharp pipe 5 of pipe the 1 and second high power laser light two, and the output of pump light is by the lenticule coupled into optical fibres, then by optical fiber, exports.According to current technique, the output light of laser diode can be coupled among core diameter carefully to 100 micron optical fiber efficiently.The wavelength of pumping source selects us to describe in conjunction with Fig. 2 below.The output optical fibre of high-power laser diode is inputted fine welding by the pump light with optical-fiber bundling device, by the output combiner of several high-power laser diodes and inject laserresonator.In order further to improve the oblique efficiency of laser, adopted the mode of Bidirectional end face pumping, the first optical-fiber bundling device 41 is connected respectively the laserresonator two ends with the second optical-fiber bundling device 42 as shown in Figure 1, and pump light is injected in chamber.Optical-fiber bundling device need carry out high power package and active heat removal.
What the two ends that the present invention mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser connect respectively the first optical fiber end cap 7 of 8 degree angles cuttings and the second optical fiber end cap 8 is mainly for suppressing parasitic oscillation and the amplified spont-aneous emission in laser.In addition, the output end face of optical fiber end cap preferably plates the anti-reflection film to optical maser wavelength light, the thermal effect produced to reduce output loss and end face Fresnel reflection.
Figure 2 shows that the simple and easy level structure figure of the Tricationic of thulium, each arrow has represented utilization
3h
6arrive
3h
4related Main physical process when the transition pumping produces 2 microns laser.Wherein arrow p mentions the excited absorption process of pump light above having represented.Arrow l has represented
3f
4arrive
3h
6the laser stimulated emission process of transition.R1 and r2 represented respectively from
3h
4arrive
3h
5with from
3h
5arrive
3f
4the spontaneous transition process.C1 and c2 have represented the pair of cross relaxation process excited by the p process:
3h
4arrive
3f
4with
3h
6arrive
3f
4.Just this to the cross relaxation process provided we select pumping wavelength be near 800 nanometers (corresponding to
3h
6arrive
3h
4the absworption peak of transition) reason: pump photon can excite two respectively from
3h
4with
3h
6the ion transition of energy level is to upper laser level
3f
4, make the laser quantum efficiency approach 200 percent, also just make thulium-doped fiber laser there is very high oblique efficiency.In addition, it is to be noted, near business high-power laser diode 800 nanometers 793 nanometers are arranged usually with 808 nanometers, we generally can select the pumping source of the described thulium-doped fiber laser of conduct of 793 nanometers, and this is because the Tricationic of thulium has larger absorption cross-section at this wavelength.
Fig. 3 be two sections with the reflectance spectrum of the passive fiber of Bragg grating and the transmission spectrum of single polarization fiber.Can notice reflection wavelength Incomplete matching between high reflectance grating and antiradar reflectivity grating, only have the fast axle reflection wavelength of high reflective grid and the slow axis reflection wavelength of low reflective grid to match.This is to have a mind to for it while inscribing grating, like this when welding by hanging down reflective grid 90-degree rotation (as shown in Figure 1), just can make in the inclined to one side thulium doped fiber of guarantor and only have an axle can form laser generation, thus polarization light output.Utilize single polarization fiber different this character of cut-off wavelength to fast and slow axis light as shown in Fig. 3 middle graph simultaneously, further suppressed the starting of oscillation of other polarization direction laser, played " purification " effect to required linearly polarized light.
Claims (10)
1. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, comprise: N the first high-power laser diode (1) with the tail optical fiber delivery, N the second high-power laser diode (5) with the tail optical fiber delivery, the first optical fiber end cap (7), the second optical fiber end cap (8), the first optical-fiber bundling device (41), the second optical-fiber bundling device (42), first paragraph has been inscribed the passive fiber (2) of Bragg grating, second segment has been inscribed the passive fiber (3) of Bragg grating, first paragraph is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (11), second segment is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (12) and single polarization fiber (6),
The annexation of above-mentioned each element is as follows:
The output of described N the first high-power laser diode (1) is respectively through the first pump light input of N section the first pumping optical fiber and the first optical-fiber bundling device (41), the second pump light input, N pump light input connects, the flashlight input of this first optical-fiber bundling device (41) is connected with described the first optical fiber end cap (7), the flashlight output of the first optical-fiber bundling device (41) has been inscribed the passive fiber (2) of Bragg grating successively through described first paragraph, first paragraph is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (11), single polarization fiber (6), second segment is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (12) and has been inscribed the passive fiber (3) of Bragg grating with second segment and be connected with the flashlight input of described the second optical-fiber bundling device (42), the output of described N the second high-power laser diode (2) is respectively through the first pump light input of N section the second pumping optical fiber and the second optical-fiber bundling device (42), the second pumping input, N pump light input connects, the flashlight output of this second optical-fiber bundling device (42) is connected (8) with the second optical fiber end cap.
2. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 1 mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the described first doping weight ratio of protecting the Tricationic of thulium in inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (11) and second guarantor's inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (12) fibre core all is more than or equal to one of percentage.
3. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 1 mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the passive fiber (2) that first paragraph has been inscribed Bragg grating is more than or equal to 95% to the light reflectivity of laser wave strong point, and the passive fiber (3) that described second segment has been inscribed Bragg grating is less than or equal to 20% to the light reflectivity of laser wave strong point.
4. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 3 mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the reflection live width that passive fiber, the second segment that described first paragraph has been inscribed Bragg grating inscribed Bragg grating in the passive fiber of Bragg grating is less than respectively 0.5 nanometer.
5. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 1 mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the pump light input number of described the first optical-fiber bundling device (41) and the second optical-fiber bundling device (42) is N=2,6,12 or 18.
6. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 1 mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the pump light of the output of described the first high-power laser diode with the tail optical fiber delivery (1) and the second high-power laser diode (5) is continuous light, and wave-length coverage is that 750 nanometers are to 820 nanometers.
Output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 1 mix the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the length of described single polarization fiber (6) is 0.1～0.5 meter.
8. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 1 mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the diameter of section of described the first optical fiber end cap (7) and the second optical fiber end cap (8) all is greater than 1 millimeter, and each output face is 8 degree angles and cuts sth. askew.
Output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 1 mix the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, between described each element, by welding, connect, to realize all optical fibre structure.
10. output high-power 2 micro wire polarization lasers according to claim 9 mixes the thulium full-optical-fiber laser, it is characterized in that, the both sides of fusion point when described first guarantor's inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (11) and single polarization fiber (6) welding, the both sides of fusion point when single polarization fiber (6) and second is protected inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (12) welding, when second guarantor's inclined to one side double clad thulium doped fiber (12) and the second passive fiber (3) welding, between the both sides slow axis of fusion point and slow axis, keep mutually vertical, during all the other each element weldings, between the slow axis of fusion point both sides and slow axis, keep overlapping.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106410576A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 北京工业大学 | Linear polarization output all-fiber pulse dual-cavity lasers |
| CN108963738A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Double-end output linear cavity all-fiber laser oscillator |
| CN109818237A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-28 | 上海交通大学 | Ultrashort laser pulse orthopedic systems based on fiber optic loop circular modulating time grating |
| CN110581434A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-17 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Method for generating 2-micron-waveband single-wavelength stable laser output and laser device |
| CN110729626A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-24 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Method for changing laser output divergence angle |
| CN110957627A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-03 | 北京工业大学 | High-power 2-micron intermediate infrared thulium-doped optical fiber picosecond laser |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106410576A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 北京工业大学 | Linear polarization output all-fiber pulse dual-cavity lasers |
| CN108963738A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Double-end output linear cavity all-fiber laser oscillator |
| CN109818237A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-28 | 上海交通大学 | Ultrashort laser pulse orthopedic systems based on fiber optic loop circular modulating time grating |
| CN110581434A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-17 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Method for generating 2-micron-waveband single-wavelength stable laser output and laser device |
| CN110729626A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-24 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Method for changing laser output divergence angle |
| CN110957627A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-03 | 北京工业大学 | High-power 2-micron intermediate infrared thulium-doped optical fiber picosecond laser |
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