CN103473070A - Workflow-based forest stand operation process visualization simulating method - Google Patents
Workflow-based forest stand operation process visualization simulating method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a workflow-based forest stand operation process visualization simulating method, comprising the following steps of (1), by taking a forest stand operation model as the leading, referring to a forest operation scheme, and combining forest stand operation practice to determine technological indexes of visualization of a forest stand operation measure; (2), by taking C sharp language as the development language, and utilizing a customized activity method of a WF (workflow) technology and a man-machine interaction meaner, establishing a forest stand operation measure customizing method to realize attributed package of the technological indexes of the forest stand operation measure and graphical representation of the forest stand operation measure; (3), by utilizing a workflow modeling method, combining DDI+MOGRE technologies to realize visualization simulation of a forest stand operation process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to two technical fields of forest management and administration and Management of forest stand visual Simulation, be specifically related to a kind of Management of forest stand process visualization analogy method based on workflow.
Background technology
Existing Management of forest stand process is all with single and concrete Operation Measures accomodation of activities independently separately, due to stand management measures field conduct complexity, there is not reversibility, implementation process needs a large amount of practical experiences, implementing needs the cycle of growing just can see its result very after Operation Measures, has hindered to a great extent Management of forest stand efficiency and level.Lack a kind of Management of forest stand process visualization analogy method based on workflow, with visual Simulation means intuitively, various Operation Measures are offered to the Management of forest stand supvr with the form of workflow, improve the accuracy of operability, dirigibility, visuality and the interactivity simulation of Management of forest stand process, thereby the Management of forest stand level is provided greatly.
The present invention takes as the leading factor with the Management of forest stand pattern, with reference to forest management plan, in conjunction with the Management of forest stand practice, carries out the stand management measures Parametric Definition; Determine the stand management measures technical indicator; Take C# as development language, utilize the self-defined active methods of WF technology, adopt man-machine interaction mode, build self-defined stand management measures activity, realize the attributed encapsulation of stand management measures technical indicator and the graphic representation of stand management measures; Adopt workflow modeling method, in conjunction with DDI+ and MOGRE technology, realize the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
The main innovate point of this invention is: (1) stand management measures technical indicator Parametric Definition: according to the characteristics of procedural style Management of forest stand process, abstract expression Management of forest stand process, extract the technical indicator parameter of business process, realize the Parametric Definition of stand management measures technical indicator.(2) stand management measures Visualization Model construction method: utilize the WF technology, by research stand management measures felled tree decision-making technique, method with self-defined Operation Measures activity has built felled tree decision-making Visualization Model, in conjunction with stand management measures technical indicator Interface design, realized the graphic representation of stand management measures.(3) Management of forest stand process visualization analogy method: in conjunction with the WF technology, by setting up towards operator's visual workflow designer, the activity of self-defined Operation Measures, adding self-defined activity follow-up service and definition workflow engine, utilize the method that freely pulls establishment, built Management of forest stand process visualization model, adopt GDI+ drawing technique and MOGRE render engine technology, realized the visual Simulation of stand structure, standing forest two-dimensional state and standing forest three-dimensional scenic, comprehensive above method, realized the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.The difficult points such as above three kinds of methods have broken through the simulation that is difficult to of traditional Management of forest stand process, and visualization is low, for realizing that the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization has very strong operability, dirigibility, visuality and interactivity.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Management of forest stand process visualization analogy method based on workflow, for realizing that the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization has very strong operability, dirigibility, visuality and interactivity.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
WF workflow research and development framework, its framework as shown in Figure 2.
A kind of Management of forest stand process visualization analogy method based on workflow, comprise the steps:
Step 1 is taken as the leading factor with the Management of forest stand pattern, and with reference to forest management plan, abstract and expression stand management measures, in conjunction with the Management of forest stand practice, determine the visual technical indicator of stand management measures;
Step 2 is with C
#language is development language, utilizes the self-defined active methods of WF technology, adopts man-machine interaction mode, builds self-defined stand management measures method, realizes the attributed encapsulation of stand management measures technical indicator and the graphic representation of stand management measures;
Step 3 adopts workflow modeling method, in conjunction with DDI+ and MOGRE technology, realizes the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
Wherein, the visual construction method of stand management measures is for utilizing the WF technology, by research stand management measures felled tree decision-making technique, method with self-defined Operation Measures activity builds felled tree decision-making Visualization Model, in conjunction with stand management measures technical indicator Interface design, realize the graphic representation of stand management measures; The method of described Management of forest stand process visualization simulation is in conjunction with the WF technology, by setting up towards operator's visual workflow designer, the activity of self-defined Operation Measures, adding self-defined activity follow-up service and definition workflow engine, utilize the method that freely pulls establishment, build Management of forest stand process visualization model, adopt GDI+ drawing technique and MOGRE render engine technology, realize the visual Simulation of stand structure, standing forest two-dimensional state and standing forest three-dimensional scenic, finally realize the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
Described WF technology is a framework of the research and development about workflow, module when WF comprises active module, workflow designer and work flow operation, wherein active module is the core of WF, the building mode of active module has two kinds: the one, and the ready-made activity by selecting WF to provide, realize movable specific function by writing code method; The 2nd, self-defined new activity, the activity that WF is provided is expanded or is utilized the activity that WF provides to form compound activity; Described workflow designer is the visual workflow designer that Microsoft Visual Studio2005 and later release provide, for definition and the design of workflow; During described work flow operation, module is a lightweight, extendible engine execution environment, it can use arbitrarily program as its host program, when development stream project, module while moving is flowed in user's first building work in the host, then load various needed services on module when work flow operation, during finally by work flow operation, module starts the workflow of appointment and generates workflow instance, module in the time of can a plurality of work flow operation being arranged in a host program, also can have a plurality of workflow instances in module during a work flow operation.Above assembly can be to be set up the workflow Visualization Model sufficient technical conditions is provided, but can not meet the demand of this project research fully, need carry out the specific aim exploitation.It is basis that this project will be take the WF technology that .NET Framework3.5 provides, by setting up towards operator's visual workflow designer, the activity of self-defined stand management measures, definition workflow follow-up service and workflow engine, realized the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
Described stand management measures is the Main Management measure in the Management of forest stand process, comprises tending and intermittent cutting of forest, selective cutting, gradual felling, clear felling, regeneration felling, and its key technical indexes is as shown in table 1.
The measure of table 1 Main Management and the key technical indexes thereof
| Operation Measures | The key technical indexes |
| Tending and intermittent cutting of forest | Intermediate cutting elementary period, intensity, interval, felled tree are determined etc. |
| Selective cutting | Heaviness of felling, felled tree are determined etc. |
| Gradual felling | Heaviness of felling, felled tree are determined, canopy density etc. |
| Clear felling | The felling time is definite etc. |
| Regeneration felling | Heaviness of felling, old and feeble overdone forest and disease and pest or the impaired forest etc. of felling |
Each Operation Measures technical indicator determines that method is as follows, with reference to the stand management measures implementation method in forest management plan, determines tending and intermittent cutting of forest elementary period, interval and clear felling elementary period; Design stand management measures intensity interface, realize the self-defined of heaviness of felling; In conjunction with the stand structure analysis, realize that the felled tree under the stand structure parameter influence is selected, design parameter is defined as follows:
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and height of tree index
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree index of definition are respectively shown in formula (1), formula (2), its separately value all between 0-1, be worth greatlyr, show the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree less of this forest,
In formula: d
iwith h
ibe the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree of i strain forest; d
maxwith h
maxmaximal value for the forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree in standing forest; D
iwith H
ibe respectively the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree index of i strain forest;
Uniform angle
The less angle of any two strain nearest neighbor wood is defined as to the α angle, and by standard angle α
0the ratio that=72 ° of numbers that are greater than the α angle account for reference to adjacent wooden 4 angles of nearest 4 strain of wood is defined as uniform angle, by formula (3), meaned, uniform angle has 5 kinds of value results: 0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1, corresponding very even, even, random, inhomogeneous and these 5 kinds of different Spatial Distribution Patterns of Forest Trees of uneven distribution very respectively
In formula: z when standard angle is greater than j α angle
ijbe 1, otherwise z
ijbe 0; w
ifor the forest uniform angle;
Size compares number
If take diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground size as Comparative indices, the number that size is than number the adjacent wood that is greater than the wooden diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of reference accounts for the ratio with reference to the adjacent wood of nearest 4 strain of wood, shown in formula (4), size has 5 kinds of value results equally than number: 0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1, respectively corresponding advantage, subdominant, the golden mean of the Confucian school, bad state, the different forest individual growth advantage degree in these 5 kinds of absolute bad state status, reflect the competition situation between forest with this
In formula: when with reference to wood than adjacent wooden j hour, k
ijbe 1, otherwise k
ijbe 0; u
ifor the forest size compares number;
Existence area index (APA)
Thiessen polygon figure is usingd many geospatial entities as the growth target, press apart from the nearest principle of each target, by whole continuous space subdivision, be several Thiessen polygon, each Thiessen polygon only comprises a growth target, the existence area index is exactly to take trees to mean the size of the available living space of goal tree as the area of the Thiessen polygon that discrete point was generated, and Tyson figure as shown in Figure 3;
The space density index
The space density index is in order to the degree of crowding of forest in the reflect structure unit, and shown in formula (5), space density index value is between 0-1, and its value is larger, show to comprise with reference to wooden larger at the spacial distribution density of interior structural unit with the adjacent wood of its 4 strain,
In formula: r
ileast radius while for the wooden i of reference, comprising 4 strain nearest neighbors wood; r
maxfor all r in standing forest
imaximum radius, r
max=max{r
i, i=1,2,3,4 ...; R
ifor the space density index;
The health status index
The health status Index A
ispan is 0-1, wherein A
i=0, represent that forest is in absolute health status; A
i=0.25, represent that forest is in relative health status; A
i=0.5, represent that forest is in health status; A
i=0.75, represent that forest is in unhealthy condition; A
i=1, represent that forest is in health status anything but.
Described visual workflow designer method for designing is as follows
At first, realize interface class, workflow design class and workflow view class; Again, realize having encapsulated the self-defined control of workflow design class of workflow designer, tool box and attribute grid; Finally, the designer of the visual workflow towards the Management of forest stand person that realization has comprised the mutual menu definition of workflow design class example and permission and designer.It builds effect as shown in figure 13.
This designer is supported following functions: workflow sequenceization and unserializing, freely change Work flow model structure, utilize the attribute grid can change the self-defined activity of workflow and activity attributes and support to add the medium utility function in tool box to.
Being configured to of described self-defined stand management measures utilizes the WF technology freely to customize stand management measures, the graphic representation of realization activity, each Operation Measures be mainly concerned with, comprise that data file, stand structure, tending and intermittent cutting of forest, selective cutting, gradual felling, clear felling, regeneration felling, view result, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree, health status, existence area index, space density index, size are than number, uniform angle, information (rear 7 Operation Measures are the activities of felled tree decision factor, can be used for setting up interactive felled tree decision-making Visualization Model) as shown in table 2.Succession is movable from base class, simple activities, general compound activity and the specific complex activity of compound activity and the movable definition of order, all being movably placed in the designer of the visual workflow towards the operator that economise-create builds.
The self-defined Operation Measures information of table 2
Effect as shown in Figure 4.
By Fig. 4, found: 1) the visual workflow designer is towards the Management of forest stand user, has intuitively, characteristics easily; 2) utilize the WF technology, the stand management measures activity is expressed with the form of figure, can greatly strengthen visual voltinism and the operability of comings and goings.
The own follow-up service of WF is used for the running status of workflow instance and the activity that comprises thereof is followed the tracks of, so that the user can carry out query analysis by the information of these tracking when needed.Under default situations, the follow-up service meeting is followed the tracks of all states of workflow, if the trace information of catching is more than needed trace information, so just can filters the trace information of catching and obtain the information oneself needed.Wherein, filtration is exactly to follow the tracks of configuration file.Following the tracks of configuration file is in fact one group of trace point.Each trace point is relevant to the type of tracked event, for Runtime Library provides the information about when extracting data and extract which data.
In the visual workflow designer towards the operator, can utilize the mode of man-machine interaction to set up Management of forest stand process workflow structural model.The own follow-up service of WF cannot meet the data tracking requirement, can realize the tracking of Operation Measures activity attributes and communicate by letter with external program by creating self-defined activity follow-up service, really realizes the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
The concrete grammar that described self-defined activity follow-up service is is
(1) realize tracking channel, process tracking data, comprise, rewrite method, store in the middle of the XML file by trace information and rewrite various case methods;
(2) realize follow-up service, mutual during with work flow operation, comprise returning tracking passage example; Provide during for work flow operation and follow the tracks of configuration, i.e. the attribute of self-defined activity is followed the tracks of in definition;
(3) resolve the XML file that has trace information, through revising the standing forest tables of data, realize the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
This project has been added respectively follow-up service for each activity, in order to obtain each movable attribute (technical indicator) in the stand management measures flow performing.
When described definition workflow engine is work flow operation, module can instantiation WF during operation, create and management WF program example, and service when management WF when operation and operation, flow example by building work, execution work stream example, during concrete the use, can serve when loading various method of servicing management operating, by service, realize the control flow example.WF provides the services such as issued transaction, persistence, tracking, and the user also can customize service for workflow.The follow-up service of each self-defined activity is loaded in workflow, realization is to the tracking of activity attributes and parsing and the circulation of flow process, and with XML file storage tracking data, as the intermediate storage of data medium, standing forest tables of data data are modified, realize the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The Management of forest stand process visualization analogy method flow process of Fig. 1 based on workflow;
Fig. 2 Management of forest stand process workflow framework technology figure;
Fig. 3 Thiessen polygon schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 workflow designer and self-defined activity;
Fig. 5 work streaming standing forest is sparselyed fell Visualization Model;
Fig. 6 standing forest 2 dimension 3 dimensional views (before sparselying fell), wherein A figure is standing forest 2 dimensional views, B figure is standing forest 3 dimensional views;
Fig. 7 standing forest 2 dimension 3 dimensional views (after sparselying fell), wherein A figure is standing forest 2 dimensional views, B figure is standing forest 3 dimensional views.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) test plot
Selected simulation test object is that 1 area is 1886m
2typical Chinese Fir Plantation pure forest of the same age, belong to general Timber stands, thing slope aspect, 35.2 ° of the gradients, height above sea level 324m, 11 years age of stands, several 309 strains of the total strain of forest.Every strain forest in sample ground is carried out to the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree, hat width, the clear bole height of the living high forest factors of enumeration of coming of age and measure, and adopt total powerstation to measure the relative position coordinates of every strain forest.Enquiry data is stored in the Access database.
2) standing forest is sparselyed fell the measure visual Simulation
The yellow Feng Qiao state-owned forest farms forest management plan of Youxian County (2006-2015, hereinafter to be referred as scheme) is pointed out: the Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations thinning select to follow " rogue stay excellent, go little stay large, go close stay rare, retain evenly " principle; According to production reality and the condition of stand growth in forest farm, sparsely fell at twice and carry out, sparsely fell for the first time age 9-11, intensity (the hundreds of proportions by subtraction of the strain of take) is 25-30%; Sparsely fell for the second time age 16-18, maximum intensity (the hundreds of proportions by subtraction of the strain of take) is 25%.
This test is carried out visual Simulation to sparselying fell for the first time, and it is sparselyed fell elementary period and carries out by scheme.Under the prerequisite of reference scheme, by the self-defined measure Visualization Model of sparselying fell, realize the Interactive Visualization expression that thinning intensity and felled tree are selected.
Scheme point out " go little stay large, go close stay rare, rogue stay excellent, retain evenly " felled tree selection principle also easily cause multiple formation of sparselying fell result in the actual production practice.This test will be take this principle as basis, substitute above-mentioned each qualitative index with quantitative indices: the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree factor substitute " go little stay large ", existence area index substitute " go close stay rare ", size than number substitute " roguing, it is excellent to stay ", uniform angle substitutes " retaining evenly ", as the felled tree choice criteria, accurately select felled tree, with the unfavorable factor of avoiding qualitative selection felled tree to bring, realize the felled tree selection under the stand structure parameter influence, sparselying fell the measure Visualization Model for further structure standing forest provides basis.
The activity of sparselying fell of definition is a general compound activity, supports self-defined its thinning intensity attribute, and supports that setting up interactive felled tree decision-making Visualization Model in conjunction with the activity of felled tree decision factor is its sharpest edges.Can the felled tree decision factor is movable as sparselying fell movable subactivity, by the form of drag and drop, by certain order, it is placed into and sparselys fell in zone of action, to build interactive felled tree decision-making Visualization Model.Wherein, the movable execution sequence of felled tree decision factor will be carried out by the order of constructed subactivity, carry out successively to select successively felled tree.Building process and effect are as shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 5: the method has following characteristics: can set up multiple different felled tree decision model by the standing forest demand of sparselying fell; There is very strong visuality and interactivity; Can be standing forest sparselys fell the measure visual Simulation strong technical support is provided.
3) standing forest is sparselyed fell the process visualization simulation
The method of each activity attributes of definition by pulling self-defined activity from tool box, the attribute grid, realize that standing forest sparselys fell the process visualization simulation modelling, as shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 5, the operator can be according to operations objective, by each movable method that pulls establishments, directly revises, copies and remove of utilizing, set up and simulate the Visualization Model that standing forest is sparselyed fell process, realize that standing forest sparselys fell the process visualization process modeling.This kind utilizes the method for graphic form customization flow process, has the advantages that visuality is high, interactivity is strong.
Annotate: sparselying fell the middle diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree, APA, size than the implication of the activities such as number and uniform angle is: meet the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and be less than that 10.0cm, the height of tree are less than 7.0m, APA is less than 3.0m
2, size than number be 1.0, uniform angle is that in 1.0 one may be defined as thinning.Thinning intensity is set as the hundreds of proportions by subtraction of 30%(strain), this thinning intensity is maximum thinning intensity, when above 5 definite thinning intensities of parameter are less than this setting intensity, can carry out and sparsely fell smoothly; When it is greater than this setting intensity, by the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground-height of tree-APA-size, than number-uniform angle, sequentially come to determine thinning, reach the thinning intensity set and stop.
Pressing customized flow sequence carries out, executing data file, stand structure analytic activity successively, when carrying out the view result activity, workflow can be suspended, setup of attribute according to the view result activity, will be to not sparselying fell front stand structure, standing forest two dimension, three-dimensional situation is checked, effect is respectively as shown in Figure 6,7.
In Fig. 6 (A), the solid black diameter of a circle represents the forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and the open circles diameter represents forest hat width size, the different height class with different hat width color differentiatings (lower with).
, carry out and to sparsely fell activity after halted state is waken up when workflow, utilize the view result activity to check that actual thinning intensity is for the hundreds of proportion by subtraction meters of 29.1%(strain), felled tree contrasts with the reserve volume of timber that (the felled tree volume of timber is 4.91m
3, the reserve volume of timber is 23.22m
3) and sparsely fell rear stand structure, 2 dimension 3 dimension states, as shown in Figure 7.
Known: (1) utilizes Visualization Model can simulate standing forest to sparsely fell process; (2), in conjunction with GDI+ and MOGRE technology, can strengthen the visuality of stand structure analysis and standing forest 2 dimension states and the degree true to nature of standing forest 3 dimension states.
Adopt said method, the attribute of the Operation Measures activities such as selective cutting, gradual felling, clear felling, regeneration felling is carried out to self-defined setting, can realize the visual Simulation of Operation Measures.Equally, coordinate the activities such as data file, stand structure, view result, utilize and pull the mode freely created, can create the implementation Visualization Model of each Operation Measures, realize the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
Finally it should be noted that: obviously, above-mentioned example is only for the application's example clearly is described, and is not the restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without also giving all embodiments.And the apparent variation of being amplified out thus or change are still among the protection domain in the application's type.
Claims (7)
1. the Management of forest stand process visualization analogy method based on workflow, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1 is taken as the leading factor with the Management of forest stand pattern, with reference to forest management plan, in conjunction with the Management of forest stand practice, determines the visual technical indicator of stand management measures;
Step 2 is with C
#language is development language, utilize Windows workflow framework technology, the self-defined active methods of WF, adopt man-machine interaction mode, build self-defined stand management measures method, realize the attributed encapsulation of stand management measures technical indicator and the graphic representation of stand management measures;
Step 3 adopts workflow modeling method, in conjunction with DDI+ and MOGRE technology, realizes the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization;
Wherein, the visual construction method of stand management measures is for utilizing the WF technology, by felled tree decision-making technique in the research stand management measures, method with self-defined Operation Measures activity builds felled tree decision-making Visualization Model, in conjunction with stand management measures technical indicator Interface design, realize the graphic representation of stand management measures; The method of described Management of forest stand process visualization simulation is in conjunction with the WF technology, by setting up towards operator's visual workflow designer, the activity of self-defined Operation Measures, adding self-defined activity follow-up service and definition workflow engine, utilize the method that freely pulls establishment, build Management of forest stand process visualization model, adopt GDI+ drawing technique and MOGRE render engine technology, realize the visual Simulation of stand structure, standing forest two-dimensional state and standing forest three-dimensional scenic, finally realize the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described WF technology is a framework of the research and development about workflow, module when WF comprises active module, workflow designer and work flow operation, wherein active module is the core of WF, the building mode of active module has two kinds, the one, the ready-made activity by selecting WF to provide, realize movable specific function by writing code method; The 2nd, self-defined new activity, the activity that WF is provided is expanded or is utilized the activity that WF provides to form compound activity; Described workflow designer is the visual workflow designer, for definition and the design of workflow; During described work flow operation, module is a lightweight, extendible engine execution environment, it can use arbitrarily program as its host program, when development stream project, module while moving is flowed in user's first building work in the host, then load various needed services on module when work flow operation, during finally by work flow operation, module starts the workflow of appointment and generates workflow instance, module in the time of can a plurality of work flow operation being arranged in a host program, also can have a plurality of workflow instances in module during a work flow operation.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stand management measures is the Main Management measure in the Management of forest stand process, comprise tending and intermittent cutting of forest, selective cutting, gradual felling, clear felling, regeneration felling, the research stand management measures, each Operation Measures technical indicator determines that method is as follows: with reference to the stand management measures implementation method in forest management plan, determine tending and intermittent cutting of forest elementary period, interval and clear felling elementary period; Design stand management measures intensity interface, realize the self-defined of heaviness of felling; In conjunction with the stand structure analysis, realize that the felled tree under the stand structure parameter influence is selected, design parameter is defined as follows:
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and height of tree index
The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree index of definition are respectively shown in formula (1), formula (2), its separately value all between 0-1, be worth greatlyr, show the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree less of this forest,
In formula: d
iwith h
ibe the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree of i strain forest; d
maxwith h
maxmaximal value for the forest diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree in standing forest; D
iwith H
ibe respectively the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground and the height of tree index of i strain forest;
Uniform angle
The less angle of any two strain nearest neighbor wood is defined as to the α angle, and by standard angle α
0the ratio that=72 ° of numbers that are greater than the α angle account for reference to adjacent wooden 4 angles of nearest 4 strain of wood is defined as uniform angle, by formula (3), meaned, uniform angle has 5 kinds of value results: 0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1, corresponding very even, even, random, inhomogeneous and these 5 kinds of different Spatial Distribution Patterns of Forest Trees of uneven distribution very respectively
In formula: z when standard angle is greater than j α angle
ijbe 1, otherwise z
ijbe 0; w
ifor the forest uniform angle;
Size compares number
If take diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground size as Comparative indices, the number that size is than number the adjacent wood that is greater than the wooden diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of reference accounts for the ratio with reference to the adjacent wood of nearest 4 strain of wood, shown in formula (4), size has 5 kinds of value results equally than number: 0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1, respectively corresponding advantage, subdominant, the golden mean of the Confucian school, bad state, the different forest individual growth advantage degree in these 5 kinds of absolute bad state status, reflect the competition situation between forest with this
In formula: when with reference to wood than adjacent wooden j hour, k
ijbe 1, otherwise k
ijbe 0; u
ifor the forest size compares number;
The existence area index is APA
Thiessen polygon figure is usingd many geospatial entities as the growth target, press apart from the nearest principle of each target, by whole continuous space subdivision, be several Thiessen polygon, each Thiessen polygon only comprises a growth target, and the existence area index is exactly to take trees to mean the size of the available living space of goal tree as the area of the Thiessen polygon that discrete point was generated;
The space density index
The space density index is in order to the degree of crowding of forest in the reflect structure unit, and shown in formula (5), space density index value is between 0-1, and its value is larger, show to comprise with reference to wooden larger at the spacial distribution density of interior structural unit with the adjacent wood of its 4 strain,
In formula: r
ileast radius while for the wooden i of reference, comprising 4 strain nearest neighbors wood; r
maxfor all r in standing forest
imaximum radius, r
max=max{r
i, i=1,2,3,4 ...; R
ifor the space density index;
The health status index
The health status Index A
ispan is 0-1, wherein A
i=0, represent that forest is in absolute health status; A
i=0.25, represent that forest is in relative health status; A
i=0.5, represent that forest is in health status; A
i=0.75, represent that forest is in unhealthy condition; A
i=1, represent that forest is in health status anything but.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described visual workflow designer method for designing is as follows
At first, realize interface class, workflow design class and workflow view class; Again, realize having encapsulated the self-defined control of workflow design class of workflow designer, tool box and attribute grid; Finally, the designer of the visual workflow towards the Management of forest stand person that realization has comprised the mutual menu definition of workflow design class example and permission and designer.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: being configured to of described self-defined stand management measures utilizes the WF technology freely to customize stand management measures, the graphic representation of realization activity, each Operation Measures be mainly concerned with, comprise data file, stand structure, tending and intermittent cutting of forest, selective cutting, gradual felling, clear felling, regeneration felling, view result, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree, health status, the existence area index, the space density index, size compares number, uniform angle, succession is from the base class activity, compound activity and the movable simple activities defined of order, general compound activity and specific complex activity, all being movably placed in the designer of the visual workflow towards the operator that economise-create builds.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete grammar that described self-defined activity follow-up service is is
(1) realize tracking channel, process tracking data, comprise rewrite method, store in the middle of the XML file by trace information and rewrite various case methods;
(2) realize follow-up service, mutual during with work flow operation, comprise returning tracking passage example; Provide during for work flow operation and follow the tracks of configuration, i.e. the attribute of self-defined activity is followed the tracks of in definition;
(3) resolve the XML file that has trace information, through revising the standing forest tables of data, realize the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described definition workflow engine is work flow operation, module can instantiation WF during operation, create and management WF program example, and service when management WF when operation and operation, flow example by building work, execution work stream example, the follow-up service of each self-defined activity is loaded in workflow, realization is to the tracking of activity attributes and parsing and the circulation of flow process, and with XML file storage tracking data, as the intermediate storage of data medium, standing forest tables of data data are modified, realize the simulation of Management of forest stand process visualization.
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