CN103472202B - Method for evaluating influence of ferrite band and sulfide therein in steel on medium plate layering - Google Patents
Method for evaluating influence of ferrite band and sulfide therein in steel on medium plate layering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgical technologies, and particularly relates to a method for selecting high-reliability steel, namely a method for evaluating the influence of a ferrite band and sulfide therein in steel on medium plate layering. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a sample group consisting of a plurality of samples, and analyzing a metallographic structure, defect morphology, a microstructure and microconstituents by adopting an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. A change rule of an internal defect of a casting blank in the rolling process and an influencing rule generated to the layering of a steel plate are found through a scientific researching method, main morphologies and internal constitution of the defect structure of the layering part of the medium plate are held, a corresponding relation between casting blank metallurgy and steel plate rolling is found, a boundary metallurgy condition of welding and repairing internal loosening, center burst, shrinkage cavity and mingled defect of the casting blank during rolling and a steel plate rolling requirement are provided, and thus the defect of the steel plate layering is solved or remarkably reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of system of selection of high-reliability steel, namely to the sulfide of ferrite in steel and inside to cut deal layering impact assessment method.
Background technology
Cut deal layering is modal defect in Plate Rolling Process, Laminated steel defect can cause the anisotropy of steel mechanics performance, mechanical property deterioration particularly along steel plate thickness direction can make the impact flexibility of steel plate and anti-fatigue ability die down, easy generation hydrogen damage and lamellar tearing, be a kind ofly easily cause steel plate to demote to change the original sentence to, serious time sentence useless steel plate inherent vice.
For a long time, cut deal lamination defect be formed in existing document and data on do not provide clearly strand inherent vice with and rolling affect between corresponding direct relation.The lamination defect of medium plate is at different steel grade, the rule occurred in different size steel plate is always indefinite, lamination defect is not solved effectively, all the time with processing use, adverse influence is brought to the production of cut deal, urgently find out the Changing Pattern in the strand inherent vice operation of rolling and the affecting laws to Laminated steel generation by a kind of research method of science, grasp the Main Morphology of the defect(ive) structure at cut deal layering position and inner composition, find out the corresponding relation of strand metallurgy to steel plate rolling, strand internal defect is proposed, centre burst, shrinkage cavity, inclusion defect is the border metallurgy condition of seam and reparation and the rolling requirements of steel plate when rolling, thus solve or obviously reduce the generation of Laminated steel defect.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical matters, the invention provides a kind of sulfide to ferrite in steel and inside to cut deal layering impact assessment method.
Sulfide to ferrite in steel and inside of the present invention is solve above technical matters by following technical scheme to cut deal layering impact assessment method:
By carrying out many continuous casting steel billets of selected same heat (batch) number detecting and after analyzing comprehensively, calibrate strand internal defect, centre burst, shrinkage cavity, the inclusion defect distribution plan on strand, by the contrast of defect distribution, the blank finding out this several defect distribution form basically identical matches, blank one after pairing is only for dissection and analysis, and one for steel plate rolling.By this requirement, carry out the pairing selection of defect strand respectively at different heat (batch) number, selected multipair blank with this and carry out dissection and analysis and rolling.
Many the strands chosen are rolled into the steel plate of multiple thickness specification by technique respectively routinely, respectively to its carrying out flaw detection, identify the distribution plan of layering and crack defect, and compare with the defect map of the strand of its pairing, according to steel plate inspection collection of illustrative plates, to steel plate and strand corresponding position, multiple spot serial sampling is carried out respectively to the serious position of lamination defect.After sampling is marked and preparing, with Optical microscope and SEM etc., its metallographic structure, defect form and micro components are analyzed respectively.The affecting laws that have found the Changing Pattern in the strand inherent vice operation of rolling and Laminated steel is produced, find that the defect(ive) structure at cut deal layering position is mainly the ferrite banding along rolling to distribution, strip therein or sheet sulfide are along rolling to distribution, give the border metallurgy condition of strand internal defect, centre burst, shrinkage cavity, inclusion defect seam and reparation when rolling and utilize the rolling of Finite Element Method Simulation steel plate, proposing the requirement of rolling schedule design.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Find strand section typical case snotter electron probing analysis, strand inherent vice is mainly I near-spherical manganese sulfide inclusion, and size is not from several microns to tens microns etc.Roll rear spherical sulfide and become strip, this is relevant with the flow stress of itself and steel.According to rolling test, when strain is 2.1, the relation of manganese sulfide inclusion and steel matrix flow stress and temperature and strain rate is shown in accompanying drawing 7.
In high-temperature region, manganese sulfide inclusion is more yielding than steel matrix.More than 800 DEG C, sulfide flow stress is less than steel matrix itself, therefore rolling temperature is little on the impact of steel medium sulphide content form.Partial vulcanization thing generation fracture is divided into several sections, and its zone line is by metallic matrix again seam; Because the thermal expansivity of sulphide inculsion and parent metal has very big-difference, the blockage effect produced in roller repairing process is different, makes the tip of part strip sulfide and basal body interface place occur little cavity; Fault location also some sizes of disperse only have the sulphide inculsion of several microns, they there is no and deform after rolling.
When the ratio of compression of steel plate is less, rolls after cure thing and be mingled with and be difficult to by matrix seam or be broken into very little several sections, but in the band, the strip distribution that are parallel to plate face on steel plate length direction.Steel plate at z under action of pulling stress, plasticity sulphide inculsion is inner creates long and narrow slip band because of planar slip, dislocation on slip band is blocked in the interface of snotter and matrix, causes the stress at this place to concentrate and causes interface first to produce cavity; With the increase of stress, cavity interconnects and forms micro-crack and further expand, and the crackle connection impelling adjacent snotter to cause causes platform; Meanwhile, be communicated with by shearing formation shearing wall between crackle, thus the mechanical property on thickness direction is obviously worsened relative to length direction.Therefore, can think and roll rear Laminated steel mainly caused by strand medium sulphide content.
With harmless flaw detector, carrying out flaw detection is carried out to the steel plate after rolling, find out the steel plate that layering is serious, according to flaw detection collection of illustrative plates, the position serious to lamination defect samples, with the metallographic structure of Optical microscopy fault location, by scanning electron microscope, morphological analysis and micro components analysis are carried out to rejected region, judge that steel plate produces the reason of layering, the minimum content of tramp element when determining not produce layering.
In steel, ferrite banding and i nside sulfid are to cut deal layering impact assessment method, choose the sample group be made up of multiple sample, adopt Optical microscope and SEM to analyze its metallographic structure, defect form, microstructure and micro constitutent;
(1) observe sample with light microscopy, detect form and the region of ferrite and sulfide distribution;
(2) scanning electron microscope pointwise is adopted to mark quantitative test again, Function Fitting is carried out to the point measured, with test point apart from the distance of interface for independent variable x, the direction away from snotter is positive dirction, thus obtain in the variation relation formula of sulfide and matrix zone of transition S content be:
Wherein, S is sulfide content, and x test point is apart from the distance of interface;
(3) adopt the method for finite element analogy, in rolled piece, introduce the factor of snotter, extract the equivalent stress isogram in each passage deformation process, by the distribution of stress, sum up the trend that heart portion is goed deep in distortion; By extracting the strain numerical value over time of each unit in the operation of rolling, drawing the strain rate curve of each passage, the Changing Pattern of snotter in the operation of rolling is studied, sum up and can reduce lamination defect and occur critical condition;
(4) same state small sample is chosen, the hole of formed objects is bored in its different-thickness position, then experimental mill is utilized to adopt different reduction ratio rolling, rear hole diameter situation of change is rolled in analysis, under summing up different stress infiltration coefficient, the stressed rule in steel plate heart portion, verifies Finite element analysis results further.
Many the strands chosen are rolled into respectively the steel plate of multiple thickness specification, many continuous casting steel billets of selected same heat (batch) number carry out carrying out flaw detection with harmless flaw detector to the steel plate after rolling under Optical microscope and SEM, identify the distribution plan of layering and crack defect, and compare with the defect map of the strand of its pairing, strand internal defect is calibrated according to carrying out multiple spot serial sampling to steel plate and strand corresponding position to steel plate inspection collection of illustrative plates respectively to the serious position of lamination defect, centre burst, shrinkage cavity, the distribution plan of inclusion defect on strand, by the contrast of defect distribution, the blank finding out this several defect distribution form basically identical matches, blank one after pairing is only for dissection and analysis, one for steel plate rolling, adopt above-mentioned method, the pairing selection of defect strand has been carried out respectively at different heat (batch) number, select multipair blank with this and carry out dissection and analysis and rolling,
After sampling is marked and preparing, with Optical microscope and SEM etc., its metallographic structure, defect form and micro components are analyzed respectively.
In step (1), after carrying out flaw detection being carried out to the steel plate after rolling with harmless flaw detector, find out the steel plate that layering is serious, according to flaw detection collection of illustrative plates, the position serious to lamination defect samples, and with the metallographic structure of Optical microscopy fault location, carries out morphological analysis and micro components analysis by scanning electron microscope to rejected region, judge that steel plate produces the reason of layering, the minimum content of tramp element when determining not produce layering.
In strand, the minimum sulfide critical dimension that medium plate layering has an impact is 5 μm.
Adopt the large pressure rolling procedure of 2 ~ 3 passages in the operation of rolling, its distortion infiltration coefficient is greater than 0.7.
The average height that rolled piece is imported and exported is greater than 0.518 with the ratio of deformation of rolled wire section length.
Adopt in scanning electron microscope testing process, survey a point every 0.5 μm, altogether test 10 points.
By the determination and analysis to the steel plate containing lamination defect, draw to draw a conclusion:
1, medium plate produces the main cause of layering is a large amount of non-metallic inclusion-sulfide contained in strand.It in the operation of rolling along rolling direction with metallic matrix flow deformation, finally become strip or sheet snotter distributes in steel matrix, thus cause the layering of steel plate;
2, strand medium sulphide content size is larger, also maximum to the harm of steel plate, and the minimum sulfide critical dimension that medium plate layering has an impact is 5 μm;
3, will obtain tiny sulphide inculsion, the content and the Mn/S that control the sulphur in steel are crucial, when the sulfur content in steel be reduced to 0.02% even lower time, can effectively prevent lamination defect from producing;
4, adopt the large pressure rolling procedure of 2 ~ 3 passages in the operation of rolling, its distortion infiltration coefficient is greater than 0.7, or the average height that rolled piece is imported and exported is greater than 0.518 with the ratio of deformation of rolled wire section length, effectively can reduce Laminated steel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, by the affecting laws that a kind of research method of science is found out the Changing Pattern in the strand inherent vice operation of rolling and produced Laminated steel, grasp the Main Morphology of the defect(ive) structure at cut deal layering position and inner composition, find out the corresponding relation of strand metallurgy to steel plate rolling, propose strand internal defect, centre burst, shrinkage cavity, inclusion defect the border metallurgy condition of seam and reparation and rolling requirements of steel plate when rolling, thus solve or significantly reduce the generation of Laminated steel defect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for rolling rear steel plate inspection defect map;
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 region 1 place defect map;
Fig. 3 is for rolling the metallographic structure of rear Laminated steel fault location;
Fig. 4 is for rolling rear steel plate inspection fault location electron scanning image;
Fig. 5 is shrinkage cavity place STRESS VARIATION under different rolling schedule;
Fig. 6 is shrinkage cavity limited deformation unit simulation drawing under different pressure passage;
Fig. 7 is laboratory small sample boring rolling experiment result figure under different pressure passage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described, so that those skilled in the art more understands the present invention, but does not limit the present invention with this.
Embodiment 1
In steel, ferrite banding and i nside sulfid are to cut deal layering impact assessment method, choose the sample group be made up of multiple sample, adopt Optical microscope and SEM to analyze its metallographic structure, defect form, microstructure and micro constitutent;
(1) observe sample with light microscopy, detect form and the region of ferrite and sulfide distribution;
(2) scanning electron microscope pointwise is adopted to mark quantitative test again, Function Fitting is carried out to the point measured, with test point apart from the distance of interface for independent variable x, the direction away from snotter is positive dirction, thus obtain in the variation relation formula of sulfide and matrix zone of transition S content be:
Wherein, S is sulfide content, and x test point is apart from the distance of interface;
(3) adopt the method for finite element analogy, in rolled piece, introduce the factor of snotter, extract the equivalent stress isogram in each passage deformation process, by the distribution of stress, sum up the trend that heart portion is goed deep in distortion; By extracting the strain numerical value over time of each unit in the operation of rolling, drawing the strain rate curve of each passage, the Changing Pattern of snotter in the operation of rolling is studied, sum up and can reduce lamination defect and occur critical condition;
(4) same state small sample is chosen, the hole of formed objects is bored in its different-thickness position, then experimental mill is utilized to adopt different reduction ratio rolling, rear hole diameter situation of change is rolled in analysis, under summing up different stress infiltration coefficient, the stressed rule in steel plate heart portion, verifies Finite element analysis results further.
Many the strands chosen are rolled into respectively the steel plate of multiple thickness specification, many continuous casting steel billets of selected same heat (batch) number carry out carrying out flaw detection with harmless flaw detector to the steel plate after rolling under Optical microscope and SEM, identify the distribution plan of layering and crack defect, and compare with the defect map of the strand of its pairing, strand internal defect is calibrated according to carrying out multiple spot serial sampling to steel plate and strand corresponding position to steel plate inspection collection of illustrative plates respectively to the serious position of lamination defect, centre burst, shrinkage cavity, the distribution plan of inclusion defect on strand, by the contrast of defect distribution, the blank finding out this several defect distribution form basically identical matches, blank one after pairing is only for dissection and analysis, one for steel plate rolling, adopt above-mentioned method, the pairing selection of defect strand has been carried out respectively at different heat (batch) number, select multipair blank with this and carry out dissection and analysis and rolling,
After sampling is marked and preparing, with Optical microscope and SEM etc., its metallographic structure, defect form and micro components are analyzed respectively.
In step (1), after carrying out flaw detection being carried out to the steel plate after rolling with harmless flaw detector, find out the steel plate that layering is serious, according to flaw detection collection of illustrative plates, the position serious to lamination defect samples, and with the metallographic structure of Optical microscopy fault location, carries out morphological analysis and micro components analysis by scanning electron microscope to rejected region, judge that steel plate produces the reason of layering, the minimum content of tramp element when determining not produce layering.
Adopt in scanning electron microscope testing process, survey a point every 0.5 μm, altogether test 10 points.
By the determination and analysis to the steel plate containing lamination defect, draw to draw a conclusion:
1, medium plate produces the main cause of layering is a large amount of non-metallic inclusion-sulfide contained in strand.It in the operation of rolling along rolling direction with metallic matrix flow deformation, finally become strip or sheet snotter distributes in steel matrix, thus cause the layering of steel plate;
2, strand medium sulphide content size is larger, also maximum to the harm of steel plate, and the minimum sulfide critical dimension that medium plate layering has an impact is 5 μm;
3, will obtain tiny sulphide inculsion, the content and the Mn/S that control the sulphur in steel are crucial, when the sulfur content in steel be reduced to 0.02% even lower time, can effectively prevent lamination defect from producing;
4, adopt the large pressure rolling procedure of 2 ~ 3 passages in the operation of rolling, its distortion infiltration coefficient is greater than 0.7, or the average height that rolled piece is imported and exported is greater than 0.518 with the ratio of deformation of rolled wire section length, effectively can reduce Laminated steel.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the Defect detection result of rolling rear steel plate, carries out the result after further flaw detection as shown in Figure 2 to 1st district shown in figure.
As can be seen from accompanying drawing 1, after steel plate transverse rolling, the defect in strand mainly concentrates on the middle part of steel plate and extends to both sides.The defect of rolling rear steel plate is bar chainlike distribution in rolling direction.Detect a flaw between defect individuality and do not note abnormalities, illustrate that, under the effect of draught pressure, segmental defect is by basic seam.
Rejected region in accompanying drawing 2 carries out the result of metallographic examination and electron probe scanning analysis as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.As seen from Figure 3, there is one or more white band columnar ferrite tissue at fault location.Result after electron probing analysis is done to white ferrite banding microcell as shown in table 3, be not difficult to judge, the mixed component of the grey matter in Fig. 3 mainly MnS and a small amount of FeS; Material in the middle of Fig. 4 (b) pits is the combination product of sulfide and oxide, and be matrix around it, this is caused by sulfide is separated out on oxide matrix.This shows, the accumulation area of white ferrite banded regions mainly non-metallic inclusion, be dispersed with a large amount of large-scale strip sulfide and the small-sized point-like sulfide in Dispersed precipitate along rolling direction here.
Can see from accompanying drawing 4, when strand medium sulphide content (being mainly I type manganese sulfide) size is larger, along rolling direction with metallic matrix flow deformation, finally form strip, its length is generally all greater than 10 microns; Partial vulcanization thing generation fracture is divided into several sections, and its zone line is by metallic matrix again seam; Because the thermal expansivity of sulphide inculsion and parent metal has very big-difference, the blockage effect produced in roller repairing process is different, makes the tip of part strip sulfide and basal body interface place occur little cavity; Fault location also Dispersed precipitate the sulphide inculsion that some sizes only have several microns of sizes, they there is no and deform after rolling.
To in Fig. 4 (d), in sulphide inculsion this part of zone of transition to matrix, from snotter is inner, adopts electron probe scanning, survey a point every 0.5 μm, altogether test 10 points, record the situation of change of S element as shown in Figure 4.We find in zone of transition, the variation tendency of its sulfide is basically identical, because snotter there occurs interactional diffusion process in deformation process and between metallic matrix, the closer to matrix, S content in snotter is fewer, thereafter merge gradually with matrix, until finally no longer have an impact to the continuity of matrix.
Function Fitting is carried out to the point measured, with test point apart from the distance of interface for independent variable x, the direction away from snotter is positive dirction, thus obtain in the variation relation formula of sulfide and matrix zone of transition S content be:
Utilize finite element method, simulation table 1 different rolling schedule strand internal shrinkage defect situation of change is shown in Fig. 5.After large pressure the 3rd passage, normal pressure the 4th passage and slighter compress the 5th passage are rolled, steel plate thickness is 130 mm, but shrinkage cavity seam situation differs widely: during large pressure, shrinkage cavity seam is best, and during slighter compress, shrinkage cavity seam is the poorest; Large pressure the 4th passage roll with slighter compress the 7th passage after thickness also identical, but shrinkage cavity seam completely during large pressure, and shrinkage cavity complete seam during slighter compress.Fig. 6 is upper summit each passage STRESS VARIATION situation under different rolling schedule of shrinkage cavity, is rolling under same thickness, and during large rolling schedule, stress ratio suffered by shrinkage cavity is normally depressed and wanted large with suffered stress during slighter compress code.This illustrates that suffered by shrinkage cavity, stress is maximum when large pressure, and under effect of stress, its distortion is also the most remarkable; In addition, shrinkage cavity more early starts to close, then closed hole will bear the pressure of longer time, so the easier seam of inherent vice during large pressure.
The each reduction in pass of table 1 analog rolling
Claims (7)
1. in steel, ferrite banding and i nside sulfid, to cut deal layering impact assessment method, is characterized in that:
Choose the sample group be made up of multiple sample, adopt Optical microscope and SEM to analyze its metallographic structure, defect form, microstructure and micro constitutent;
(1) observe sample with light microscopy, detect form and the region of ferrite and sulfide distribution;
(2) scanning electron microscope pointwise is adopted to mark quantitative test again, Function Fitting is carried out to the point measured, with test point apart from the distance of interface for independent variable x, the direction away from snotter is positive dirction, thus obtain in the variation relation formula of sulfide and matrix zone of transition S content be:
Wherein, S is sulfide content, and x test point is apart from the distance of interface;
(3) adopt the method for finite element analogy, in rolled piece, introduce the factor of snotter, extract the equivalent stress isogram in each passage deformation process, by the distribution of stress, sum up the trend that heart portion is goed deep in distortion; By extracting the strain numerical value over time of each unit in the operation of rolling, drawing the strain rate curve of each passage, the Changing Pattern of snotter in the operation of rolling is studied, sum up and can reduce lamination defect and occur critical condition;
(4) same state small sample is chosen, the hole of formed objects is bored in its different-thickness position, then experimental mill is utilized to adopt different reduction ratio rolling, rear hole diameter situation of change is rolled in analysis, under summing up different stress infiltration coefficient, the stressed rule in steel plate heart portion, verifies Finite element analysis results further.
2. in steel as claimed in claim 1 ferrite banding and i nside sulfid to cut deal layering impact assessment method, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), many the strands chosen are rolled into respectively the steel plate of multiple thickness specification, many continuous casting steel billets of selected same heat (batch) number carry out carrying out flaw detection with harmless flaw detector to the steel plate after rolling under Optical microscope and SEM, identify the distribution plan of layering and crack defect, and compare with the defect map of the strand of its pairing, strand internal defect is calibrated according to carrying out multiple spot serial sampling to steel plate and strand corresponding position to steel plate inspection collection of illustrative plates respectively to the serious position of lamination defect, centre burst, shrinkage cavity, the distribution plan of inclusion defect on strand, by the contrast of defect distribution, the blank finding out this several defect distribution form basically identical matches, blank one after pairing is only for dissection and analysis, one for steel plate rolling, adopt above-mentioned method, the pairing selection of defect strand has been carried out respectively at different heat (batch) number, select multipair blank with this and carry out dissection and analysis and rolling,
After sampling is marked and preparing, with Optical microscope and SEM etc., its metallographic structure, defect form and micro components are analyzed respectively.
3. in steel as claimed in claim 1 ferrite banding and i nside sulfid to cut deal layering impact assessment method, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), after carrying out flaw detection being carried out to the steel plate after rolling with harmless flaw detector, find out the steel plate that layering is serious, according to flaw detection collection of illustrative plates, the position serious to lamination defect samples, with the metallographic structure of Optical microscopy fault location, by scanning electron microscope, morphological analysis and micro components analysis are carried out to rejected region, judge that steel plate produces the reason of layering, the minimum content of tramp element when determining not produce layering.
4. in steel as claimed in claim 2, ferrite banding and i nside sulfid are to cut deal layering impact assessment method, and it is characterized in that, in described strand, the minimum sulfide critical dimension that medium plate layering has an impact is 5 μm.
5. in steel as claimed in claim 1, ferrite banding and i nside sulfid, to cut deal layering impact assessment method, is characterized in that, adopt the large pressure rolling procedure of 2 ~ 3 passages in the described operation of rolling, and its distortion infiltration coefficient is greater than 0.7.
6. in steel as claimed in claim 1, ferrite banding and i nside sulfid are to cut deal layering impact assessment method, and it is characterized in that, the average height that described rolled piece is imported and exported is greater than 0.518 with the ratio of deformation of rolled wire section length.
7. in steel as claimed in claim 1, ferrite banding and i nside sulfid, to cut deal layering impact assessment method, is characterized in that, in described employing scanning electron microscope testing process, survey a point every 0.5 μm, altogether test 10 points.
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| 中厚板分层形成机制分析研究;赵乾;《东北大学硕士论文》;20061231;第2.2节，第3.2节，第5章 * |
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