CN103471673A - Water meter - Google Patents
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- CN103471673A CN103471673A CN2013104470834A CN201310447083A CN103471673A CN 103471673 A CN103471673 A CN 103471673A CN 2013104470834 A CN2013104470834 A CN 2013104470834A CN 201310447083 A CN201310447083 A CN 201310447083A CN 103471673 A CN103471673 A CN 103471673A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 101100259931 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) tba-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011326 mechanical measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Details Of Flowmeters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water meter which comprises a shell body, an impeller, an impeller rotating shaft, a magnet, a sensor a, a sensor b, a micro controller unit (MCU) chip, a display screen and a storage device, wherein the magnet is fixedly arranged on the top end of the impeller rotating shaft; the sensor a and the sensor b are arranged on a shell body right above the impeller rotating shaft and are distributed in the rotating track of the magnet; a theta angle is respectively formed between the sensor a and the sensor b and the shaft point of the impeller rotating shaft; the MCU chip is respectively connected with the sensor a, the sensor b, the display screen and the storage device; the MCU chip measures a time interval Tab between the signals of the sensors a and b as well as the time interval Tba between the signals of the sensors b and a, and water flow within a period of time is worked out. According to the water meter, the high-precision water volume measurement is realized by placing the sensors in special angles through the linear relationship between the duration of the feedback time of the sensors and the flow rate of pipeline water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water meter.
Background
With the increasing living standard of urban residents, remote communication and electronic settlement technology have been widely integrated into the lives of people. However, as the measurement of tap water for fundamentally guaranteeing the life of residents, most of the tap water also depends on the traditional mechanical measurement and manual settlement. After the original water meter is modified, electronic conversion is completed, but the original water meter structure is not broken through, and the long-term metering accuracy is difficult to guarantee by only relying on pulse accumulation counting. Figure 1 shows a water meter of the dry reed type sensor design that is common today. In the figure, it can be seen that the mechanical gear transmission structure of the traditional water meter is not changed, and the general magnet and the sensor can be selectively added at the positions of x 1, x 0.1, x 0.01 and the like, namely when the magnetic needle passes through the sensor, the sensor sends out signals. Taking the position of "× 0.1" in fig. 1 as an example, a group of signals of "a '→ b' ″ sensor can obtain the water amount of 0.1m3. This type of water meter is also inherently metered against different ratios of the gears. The water meter based on the design has the following problems:
(1) due to the limitation of the collection position, the electronic precision of the water meter cannot be very accurate, and the counting unit can only be the minimum metering unit of the scale of the collection position.
(2) The total water volume due to electronic metering is obtained by accumulating the number of signals, i.e. 1 set of "a '→ b'" signals of 0.1m3The cumulative water amount is then the product of m sets of "a '→ b'" signals, and it has been found through experimentation that 0.01m3May be 50 signal groups, but actually measures 1m3The water consists of 4890 groups of signals, which are caused by various aspects such as cavity structure errors, flow rate errors, mechanical precision errors and the like of the water meter. In practical design, if the accumulated count is multiplied, a huge error accumulation is caused, so that the accumulated count is shown in FIG. 1The water meter structure of (1) is not scientific in the way of multiplying the number of accumulated signals.
(3) The metering of such meters must rely on the existing mechanical structure due to the reading of the register by the electronic part of the count. In normal use, only electronic counting is used for settlement, and the contradiction between a settlement party and a use party is easily caused by the inconsistency of the mechanical number and the electronic number in the long-time use process.
Accordingly, the present applicant has been made to solve these problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a full electronic water meter, which realizes high-precision water quantity metering by placing a sensor at a special angle and utilizing the linear relation between the feedback time length of the sensor and the water flow rate of a pipeline.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a water meter, includes casing, impeller and impeller pivot, the water meter still includes magnet, sensor a, sensor b, MCU (microprocessor) chip, display screen and memory, wherein:
the magnet is fixedly arranged at the top end of the impeller rotating shaft;
the sensor a and the sensor b are arranged on the shell right above the rotating shaft of the impeller and are distributed in the rotating track of the magnet;
the sensor a and the sensor b form an angle theta with the axial point of the impeller rotating shaft;
the MCU chip is respectively connected with the sensor a, the sensor b, the display screen and the memory;
the MCU chip receives signals sent by the sensor a and the sensor b, measures a time interval Tab between signals of the sensor a and the sensor b and a time interval Tba between signals of the sensor b and the sensor a, obtains water flow in a certain period of time according to the time intervals Tab and Tba, and transmits results to the display screen for displaying and the memory for storing.
In the water meter, the MCU chip measures the water flow rate Vab = f (Tab)/Kab and Vba = f (Tba)/Kba at any time according to the time intervals Tab, Tba and the function f (Tab) = Kab · V and f (Tba) = Kba · V, calculates the average value of Vab and Vba, and finally calculates the water flow rate in a certain period of time from Q = V · a; wherein,
functions f (tab) = Kab · V and f (tba) = Kba · V are obtained by repeatedly testing several measurement points of the water meter; v represents a flow rate; kab and Kba are known numbers converted by multipoint measurement and correction;
q is water flow; and A is the flow area of the pipeline.
In the water meter, when the magnet rotates right below the sensor a or the sensor b, the sensor a or the sensor b sends out a signal.
In the water meter described above, θ is 90 degrees.
In the water meter, when Tab (n) = [ theta/(360-theta) ] Tba (n), the MCU chip directly adopts a wide sampling time to determine the relationship between the water flow and the Tab and Tba times to measure the average flow rate and obtain the water flow, wherein Tab (n) represents the time interval between the signals of the sensors a and b when the magnet rotates the nth turn; tba (n) represents the time interval between the signals of the sensors b, a when the magnet rotates the nth turn.
In the above water meter, when Tab (n) ≠ θ/(360- θ) ] Tba (n), and Tab (n +1) -Tab (n) > 0, Tba (n +1) -Tba (n) > 0, and when Tab (n) > time Tab-1 at the minimum flow rate, or Tba (n) > time Tba-1 at the minimum flow rate, the MCU chip compensates the water velocity of the outlet water before shutdown according to functions f (Tab) = Kab · V and f (Tba) = Kba · V, and finds the water amount; tab (n) and Tab (n +1) respectively represent the time interval between signals of the sensors a and b when the magnet rotates for n and n +1 circles; tba (n) and Tba (n +1) respectively represent the time interval between signals of the sensors b and a when the magnet rotates for the n-th circle and the n + 1-th circle.
In the water meter, when the change modes of Tab (n) ≠ θ/(360- θ) Tba (n), and Tab (n +1) -Tab (n) and Tba (n +1) -Tba (n) are abnormal, the MCU chip measures the water meter by using an intensive spot measurement time period.
In the above water meter, the water meter further comprises an external communication circuit connected to the MCU chip and used for communicating with the outside.
In the above water meter, the water meter further includes an SPI (serial peripheral Interface — serial peripheral Interface) calibration Interface connected to the MCU chip, and the calibration Interface is configured to continuously correct the algorithm parameters integrated by the MCU chip through software.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention abandons the traditional water meter in which a magnet and a sensor are matched through a gear, and the water flow is measured with high precision by arranging the magnet at the top end of the impeller rotating shaft and arranging the sensor on the shell right above the impeller rotating shaft and enabling the two sensors to form a certain included angle with the shaft point, thereby utilizing the linear relation between the feedback time length of the sensors and the water flow speed of the pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art water meter of reed switch sensor design;
figure 2 is a block diagram of the water meter of the present invention;
figure 3 is a top plan view of the sensor portion of the water meter of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of signal amplitudes collected by the sensor during any time period in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of f (Tab) and f (Tba) as a function of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the water meter of the present invention includes a housing 1, an impeller 2, an impeller shaft 3, a magnet 4, two sensors (a, b), an MCU chip 6, a display 7 and a memory 8, wherein:
the impeller 2 is arranged in the shell 2 and rotates along with the impact of water flow;
the impeller rotating shaft 3 penetrates through the center of the impeller 2 and rotates along with the impeller 2, and two ends of the impeller rotating shaft 3 are abutted to the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the shell 1;
the magnet 4 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the impeller rotating shaft 3 and rotates along with the impeller rotating shaft 3, and in the embodiment, the magnet rotates anticlockwise;
the sensor a and the sensor b are arranged on the shell 1 right above the impeller rotating shaft 3 and are distributed in the rotating track of the magnet 4, so that when the magnet 4 passes below the sensor a or the sensor b, the sensor a or the sensor b sends out signals; the angle theta is formed between the sensor a and the sensor b and the axial point of the impeller rotating shaft 3, as shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment, the angle theta is 90 degrees;
the MCU chip 6 is respectively connected with the sensor a, the sensor b, the display screen 7 and the memory 8;
the MCU chip 6 receives the signals from the sensors a and b, and measures the time interval Tab between the signals from the sensors a and b and the time interval Tba between the signals from the sensors b and a, as shown in fig. 5, where Tab (n) represents the time interval between the signals from the sensors a and b when the magnet 4 rotates the nth turn, and the rest is similar;
the measuring principle of the invention is based on that in a closed pipeline, Q = V.A (Q is flow, the flow area of the pipeline A and V is liquid flow velocity), namely the flow is in direct proportion to the flow velocity of water when the pipe diameter is a certain value; on the other hand, as the flow rate is higher, the rotation speed of the impeller 2 is higher, and the time Tab of the sensor "a → b" and the time Tba of the sensor "b → a" are shorter, so that the water flow rate can be measured only by finding a linear relationship between Tab, Tba and the water flow rate.
Based on the thought, through repeatedly testing a plurality of measuring points of the water meter, a graph 6 is obtained;
as shown in fig. 6, a function f (tab) = Kab · V and f (tba) = Kba · V is obtained. Kab and Kba in the function under different flow rates can be converted into known numbers through measurement and calibration of a plurality of metering points, so that the whole functional relation is established, and the water flow can be measured;
the MCU chip 6 measures the water flow rate at any time Vab = f (Tab)/Kab and Vba = f (Tba)/Kba according to the measured Tab and Tba and the above function f (Tab) = Kab · V and f (Tba) = Kba · V, then calculates the average value of Vab and Vba to obtain a very accurate average flow rate V, and then obtains the water flow rate in a certain period of time through Q = V · a, and displays it on the display screen 7 and stores it in the memory 8.
In addition, the MCU chip 6 also stores algorithms to deal with the following special cases:
when Tab (n) = [ theta/(360-theta) ] Tba (n), in this embodiment, 3Tab (n) = Tba (n), at this time, the water flow is in a steady flowing state, the relation between the water flow and the Tab and Tba time can be determined directly by adopting a wider sampling time, the average flow rate is measured, and the water amount is obtained, so that the power consumption during collection can be greatly reduced in normal use;
when Tab (n) ≠ theta/(360-theta) ] Tba (n), in the embodiment, 3Tab (n) ≠ Tba (n), and Tab (n +1) -Tab (n) > 0, Tba (n +1) -Tba (n) > 0, it indicates that the flow rate of water is slowing and the water flow rate is decreasing, and when Tab (n) > Tab-1 (time of minimum flow rate) or Tba (n) > Tba-1 (time of minimum flow rate), it indicates that the water flow is stopped, and the water flow rate of water before the water is stopped can be compensated according to the functional relation in FIG. 6, and the water flow rate is obtained;
when the change modes of the Tab (n) ≠ theta/(360-theta) Tba (n), in the embodiment, 3Tab (n) ≠ Tba (n), and Tab (n +1) -Tab (n) and Tba (n +1) -Tba (n) are abnormal, it indicates that the water flow rate is repeatedly and violently changed, and at this time, a denser spot measurement time period should be adopted to ensure the metering accuracy.
As shown in fig. 4, the water meter of the present invention further includes: and the SPI meter calibration interface is used for continuously correcting algorithm parameters integrated by the MCU chip 6 through software to calibrate. In the above algorithm, the flow rates in a plurality of intervals, such as 0.1 times Q1, 0.5 times Q1, Q1, and Q2, a plurality of Q3 and Q4, and 1.5 times Q4, can be calibrated by the algorithm.
The water meter of the present invention may include 2 or more sensors, as long as the time relationship between the sensors conforms to the logical relationship described above.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a water meter, includes casing, impeller and impeller pivot, its characterized in that, water meter still includes magnet, sensor a, sensor b, MCU chip, display screen and memory, wherein:
the magnet is fixedly arranged at the top end of the impeller rotating shaft;
the sensor a and the sensor b are arranged on the shell right above the rotating shaft of the impeller and are distributed in the rotating track of the magnet;
the sensor a and the sensor b form an angle theta with the axial point of the impeller rotating shaft;
the MCU chip is respectively connected with the sensor a, the sensor b, the display screen and the memory;
the MCU chip receives signals sent by the sensor a and the sensor b, measures a time interval Tab between signals of the sensor a and the sensor b and a time interval Tba between signals of the sensor b and the sensor a, obtains water flow in a certain period of time according to the time intervals Tab and Tba, and transmits results to the display screen for displaying and the memory for storing.
2. A water meter according to claim 1, wherein the MCU chip measures the water flow rate at any time Vab = f (Tab)/Kab and Vba = f (Tba)/Kba based on the time intervals Tab, Tba and the function f (Tab) = Kab · V and f (Tba) = Kba · V, then calculates the average flow rate by averaging Vab and Vba, and finally calculates the water flow rate over a certain period of time by Q = V · a; wherein,
functions f (tab) = Kab · V and f (tba) = Kba · V are obtained by repeatedly testing several measurement points of the water meter; v represents a flow rate; kab and Kba are known numbers converted by multipoint measurement and correction;
q is water flow; and A is the flow area of the pipeline.
3. A water meter as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein sensor a or sensor b signals when said magnet rotates directly beneath said sensor a or sensor b.
4. A water meter as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein θ is 90 degrees.
5. A water meter as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein when Tab (n) = [ θ/(360- θ) ] Tba (n), said MCU chip determines the relationship between water flow and Tab, Tba times directly using a wide sampling time to measure the average flow rate and find the water volume, wherein Tab (n) indicates the time interval between the sensor a, b signals when the magnet rotates the nth turn; tba (n) represents the time interval between the signals of the sensors b, a when the magnet rotates the nth turn.
6. A water meter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when Tab (n) ≠ θ/(360- θ) Tba (n), and Tab (n +1) -Tab (n) > 0, Tba (n +1) -Tba (n) > 0, and Tab (n) > 1 at the time of minimum flow rate, or Tba (n) > 1 at the time of minimum flow rate, said MCU chip compensates the water velocity of the outlet water before shut-down according to functions f (Tab) = Kab · V and f (Tba) = Kba · V, and finds the water amount; tab (n) and Tab (n +1) respectively represent the time interval between signals of the sensors a and b when the magnet rotates for n and n +1 circles; tba (n) and Tba (n +1) respectively represent the time interval between signals of the sensors b and a when the magnet rotates for the n-th circle and the n + 1-th circle.
7. A water meter as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein when there is an anomaly in the patterns of Tab (n) ≠ θ/(360- θ) Tba (n), and Tab (n +1) -Tab (n) and Tba (n +1) -Tba (n), said MCU chip performs the metering using a dense spot-measurement time period.
8. A water meter as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising an external communication circuit connected to said MCU chip for communicating with the outside.
9. A water meter as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, further comprising an SPI calibration interface connected to said MCU chip for calibration by continuous software modification of algorithm parameters integrated by said MCU chip.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310447083.4A CN103471673B (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2013-09-27 | A kind of water meter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310447083.4A CN103471673B (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2013-09-27 | A kind of water meter |
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| CN103471673A true CN103471673A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| CN103471673B CN103471673B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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| CN201310447083.4A Active CN103471673B (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2013-09-27 | A kind of water meter |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2427796Y (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-04-25 | 王新华 | Improved two direction measuring water meter |
| CN1425885A (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-06-25 | 刘晓明 | Water storage quantity control system for solar water heater |
| WO2010076029A1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-08 | Elster Messtechnik Gmbh | Volume counter for fluids |
| CN102809393A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-05 | 瑞萨电子株式会社 | Electronic flow meter |
-
2013
- 2013-09-27 CN CN201310447083.4A patent/CN103471673B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2427796Y (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-04-25 | 王新华 | Improved two direction measuring water meter |
| CN1425885A (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-06-25 | 刘晓明 | Water storage quantity control system for solar water heater |
| WO2010076029A1 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-07-08 | Elster Messtechnik Gmbh | Volume counter for fluids |
| CN102809393A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-05 | 瑞萨电子株式会社 | Electronic flow meter |
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| CN103471673B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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