CN103468926A - Different quenching weight water-air alternative quenching process correction method - Google Patents
Different quenching weight water-air alternative quenching process correction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a different quenching weight water-air alternative quenching process correction method, which includes: (1) establishing a database containing the total water, the quenching piece weight, the quenching piece temperature drop range, and the total water-cooling time that are involved in quenching cooling; (2) calculating the total release of heat according to the quenching piece weight and the temperature drop range, and calculating the water temperature rise rate per unit time according to the total water and the total water-cooling time data involved in quenching cooling; (3) determining a water-air alternative quenching cooling process under a standard water temperature; (4) determining the temperature correction coefficients of each water quenching period in the water-air alternative quenching cooling process under different water temperatures; (5) calculating a corrected water quenching time according to a formula; (6) generating and carrying out the corrected water-air alternative quenching cooling process; and (7) performing performance detection and statistical evaluation on the treated product, and adjusting the temperature correction coefficients according to the evaluation result. The method provided in the invention is of important significance in avoiding water quenching cracking and reducing product performance fluctuation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quench cooled technique, particularly, relate to alternately quenching technology modification method of a kind of different quenching weight water-sky.
Background technology
Quenching is that quenching part is heated to austenitic temperature, then is cooled fast to certain temperature following to obtain the process of martensite or bainite structure.For fear of producing quenching crack, steel alloy generally adopts oil quenching, and less employing shrend.The steel alloy shrend generally adopts martemper or water-sky alternately to quench and avoids the generation of cracking.Therefore, the key problem in technology of steel alloy shrend is the time of controlling shrend and air cooling, namely accurately carries out alternately time quenching process for cooling of water-sky.
Through the prior art literature search is found, Chen Nailu, Zuo Xunwei, Xu Jun, Zhang Weimin. the research of digitally timed quenching process for cooling and equipment and application. metal heat treatmet, 2009,34 (3): the 37-42 article proposes alternately time quenching process for cooling of water-sky.Concrete grammar is to divide three phases to carry out quench cooled, and the first stage is the precooling stage, and subordinate phase is that water-sky replaces the quench cooled stage, and the phase III is the natural air cooling stage.In the precooling stage, alloy steel piece takes the mode of air cooling to carry out Slow cooling, until the alloy steel piece surface cool to A1 above or following a certain temperature range, consequently reduced the thermal capacity of alloy steel piece, the cooling performance that has accelerated subordinate phase.Replace the quench cooled stage at water-sky, adopt cold (water-cooled) soon to carry out with the mode that slow cooling (air cooling) replaces, alloy steel piece is in shrend process for the first time, and the alloy steel piece top layer obtains partial martensite after being as cold as soon the following a certain temperature of Ms point and keeping certain hour on top layer; Alloy steel piece is in process air cooler for the first time, the heat on inferior top layer passes to top layer, the temperature on top layer is raise, and result is that the martensite generation self-tempering that top layer has just changed is adjusted the toughness on top layer and stressed condition, has avoided the top layer martensitic stucture to produce cracking.And then the alternately quench cooled of repetition water and air, until the temperature at a certain position of alloy steel piece or tissue reach requirement.After completing the subordinate phase quench cooled, alloy steel piece is placed in air and carries out naturally cooling, until the heart section temperature of alloy steel piece is carried out tempering after lower than a certain value.Document technology is for avoiding the alloy steel piece cracking that positive effect is arranged, but, the document does not relate to the caused water temperature of quenching changes in weight and changes the impact on quench cooled technique, and the cooling intensity that water temperature changes water has significant impact, that is to say the variation along with water temperature, considerable change also occurs in the interface heat exchange coefficient between water and quenching part, considers that water temperature changes this factor, to avoiding the shrend cracking and reducing the product performance fluctuation, important meaning arranged.
Summary of the invention
For the prior art above shortcomings, the object of the present invention is to provide alternately quenching technology modification method of a kind of different quenching weight water-sky, the method is that alternately quench cooled technique is significant for accurate formulation water-sky.
For realizing above purpose, the invention provides alternately quenching technology modification method of a kind of different quenching weight water-sky, the concrete steps of described method comprise:
(1) set up and comprise total Water, quenching part weight, quenching part cooling scope, the database of total water-cooled time that participates in quench cooled;
(2) go out the total release of heat of quenching part according to quenching part weight and quenching part cooling range computation, then according to the total Water that participates in quench cooled and total water-cooled time data, calculate water temperature rising speed;
(3) the alternately quench cooled technique of water under water temperature-sky that settles the standard, described standard water temperature is a predefined quenching water temperature value, it can be 20 ℃, can be also 10 ℃, or other temperature value;
(4) determine alternately each section temperature correction coefficient of shrend time under different water temperatures of quench cooled technique of water-sky;
(5) calculate revised shrend time, t according to formula
revise=K*t
standard
In formula: t
revisefor revising the rear shrend time; K is temperature correction coefficient; t
standardfor the shrend time under the standard water temperature;
(6) generate alternately quench cooled technique of revised water-sky, and carry out technique;
(7) product of processing is carried out to Performance Detection, statistical estimation, then again temperature correction coefficient is adjusted according to assessment result.
Preferably, described temperature correction coefficient takes one or more among following methods comprehensively to obtain:
Method one, cooling characteristic curve method
The method is according to ISO9950 (Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis) international standard or the cooling characteristic curve of other standard test under different water temperatures, then to measuring sonde, the cooling rate curve in a certain temperature range (as: 600-200 ℃) carries out integration respectively, draw the area value under a certain temperature range cooling rate, draw respectively in this way the area value under different water temps; Using the area value of standard water temperature as molecule (the standard water temperature is 20 ℃, or other temperature), the area value under different water temperatures is made denominator, draws the temperature correction coefficient under different water temperatures.
Method two, coefficient of heat transfer method
The method is similar to method one, and difference is the described cooling rate curve of method one to be changed into to the coefficient of heat transfer curve of present method.
Method three, Method for Numerical
At first obtain the coefficient of heat transfer under different water temperatures by measurements and calculations, then for a certain concrete water temperature, specific product and concrete position, carry out the numerical simulation in temperature field, draw the time that is reduced to a certain temperature, this asynchronism(-nization) under different water temperatures; Time under standard temperature is done to denominator, and the time under different water temperatures is done molecule, draws the temperature correction coefficient under different water temperatures.
Method four, experience estimation method
For the product of batch production, according to the adding up of quenching product under different water temperatures, draw temperature correction coefficient.
Preferably, described modification method is applicable to water, salt solution and all kinds of water-soluble medium.
Preferably, described modification method is applicable to all kinds of intermittent type quench cooled.
Preferably: described modification method is revised this shrend period according to the initial temperature of each shrend, or according to the mean value of the gentle end of a period water temperature of the initial water in each shrend process, this shrend period is revised, or according to taking other method of calculation to calculate after water temperature after the gentle end of a period water temperature of the initial water in each shrend process, this shrend period is revised.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Different quenching weight water of the present invention-sky is the quenching technology modification method alternately, to avoiding the shrend cracking and reducing the product performance fluctuation, important meaning is arranged.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art further to understand the present invention, but not limit in any form the present invention.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Certain alloy steel piece adopts the alternately quench cooled technique quenching of water-sky, quenchant is water and air, alloy steel piece weight 5t, 850 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, alloy steel piece cold medial temperature eventually is 300 ℃, participate in the total Water 20t of quench cooled, technique when water temperature is 20 ℃ is: water-cooled 120s+ air cooling 150s+ water-cooled 180s+ air cooling 200s+ water-cooled 150s for the third time for the second time for the first time, the technique when requiring to provide initial water temperature and being 25 ℃.
At first calculate the total release of heat of alloy steel piece according to alloy steel piece weight (5t) and alloy steel piece cooling scope (850-300 ℃), then replace total water-cooled time of quench cooled technique (water-cooled 120s+ water-cooled 180s+ water-cooled 150s=450s for the third time) for the first time for the second time according to the total Water (20t) that participates in quench cooled and water-sky, the water temperature rising speed of the unit's of calculating water-cooled time is 0.06 ℃/s.
When initial water temperature is 25 ℃, the water temperature calculated after water-cooled for the first time according to top calculation result is 32 ℃, and the water temperature after water-cooled is 43 ℃ for the second time.Suppose that the temperature correction coefficient under 25 ℃ of initial water temperatures is 1.05, the temperature correction coefficient under 32 ℃ of initial water temperatures is 1.12, and the temperature correction coefficient under 43 ℃ of initial water temperatures is 1.25, according to revising shrend Time Calculation formula: t
revise=K*t
standardcalculate, consider that the water of quenching weight and initial water temperature factor correction-sky replaces quench cooled technique and be: water-cooled 126s+ air cooling 150s+ water-cooled 202s+ air cooling 200s+ water-cooled 188s for the third time for the second time for the first time.Carry out quench cooled according to this technique alloy steel part, can obtain with initial water temperature is the product performance that in 20 ℃ of situations, art breading is close.
Embodiment 2
Certain alloy steel piece adopts the alternately quench cooled technique quenching of water-sky, quenchant is polymkeric substance water-soluble medium and air, alloy steel piece weight 5t, 850 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, alloy steel piece cold medial temperature eventually is 300 ℃, participate in the total Water 20t of quench cooled, the technique when water-soluble medium initial temperature is 20 ℃ is: the cooling 450s+ air cooling of the water-soluble medium 150s+ cooling 500s of water-soluble medium for the second time for the first time, the technique when requiring to provide the water-soluble medium initial temperature and being 25 ℃.
At first calculate the total release of heat of alloy steel piece according to alloy steel piece weight (5t) and alloy steel piece cooling scope (850-300 ℃), then replace quench cooled technique total water-soluble medium cooling time (the cooling 450s+ of water-soluble medium the cooling 500s=950s of water-soluble medium) for the first time for the second time according to the total water-soluble medium amount (20t) that participates in quench cooled and water-sky, the medium temperature rising speed of the unit's of calculating water-soluble medium cooling time is 0.028 ℃/s.
When initial water-soluble medium temperature is 25 ℃, calculating the cooled medium temperature of water-soluble medium for the first time according to top calculation result is 38 ℃.Suppose that the temperature correction coefficient at 25 ℃ of water-soluble medium temperature is 1.1, the temperature correction coefficient at 38 ℃ of water-soluble medium temperature is 1.30, according to water-soluble medium calculation formula cooling time: t after revising
revise=K*t
standardcalculate, consider that the water of quenching weight and water-soluble medium initial temperature factor correction-sky replaces quench cooled technique and be: water-cooled 495s+ air cooling 150s+ water-cooled 650s for the second time for the first time.Adopt revised technique to be conducive to reduce the performance inconsistency caused because of initial medium temperature variation and quenching object changes in weight.
Embodiment 3
Certain alloy steel piece adopts the alternately quench cooled technique quenching of water-sky, quenchant is polymer class water-soluble medium and air, alloy steel piece weight 5t, 850 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, the alloy steel piece final cooling temperature is 300 ℃, participate in the total Water 20t of quench cooled, the technique when water-soluble medium temperature is 20 ℃ is: the cooling 450s+ air cooling of the water-soluble medium 150s+ cooling 500s of water-soluble medium for the second time for the first time, the technique when requiring to provide the water-soluble medium initial temperature and being 25 ℃.
At first calculate the total release of heat of alloy steel piece according to alloy steel piece weight (5t) and alloy steel piece cooling scope (850-300 ℃), then replace quench cooled technique total water-soluble medium cooling time (the cooling 450s+ of water-soluble medium the cooling 500s=950s of water-soluble medium) for the first time for the second time according to the total water-soluble medium amount (20t) that participates in quench cooled and water-sky, the medium temperature rising speed of the unit's of calculating water-soluble medium cooling time is 0.028 ℃/s.
When initial water-soluble medium temperature is 25 ℃, calculating the cooled water-soluble medium temperature of water-soluble medium for the first time according to top calculation result is 38 ℃.According to water-soluble medium for the first time, cooling initial water temperature (25 ℃) and the mean value (31.5 ℃) that stops water temperature (38 ℃) are revised, and suppose that the temperature correction coefficient at 31.5 ℃ of water-soluble medium temperature is 1.22; According to water-soluble medium for the second time, cooling initial water temperature (38 ℃) and the mean value (45 ℃) that stops water temperature (52 ℃) are revised, and suppose that the temperature correction coefficient under the water-soluble medium temperature 45 C is 1.38; According to water-soluble medium calculation formula cooling time: t after revising
revise=K*t
standardcalculate, consider that the water of quenching weight and initial water dissolubility medium temperature factor correction-sky replaces quench cooled technique and be: the cooling 549s+ air cooling of the water-soluble medium 150s+ cooling 690s of water-soluble medium for the second time for the first time.Adopt revised technique to be conducive to reduce the performance inconsistency caused because of initial medium temperature variation and quenching object changes in weight.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementations, and those skilled in the art can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. different quenching weight water-sky replaces the quenching technology modification method, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described method comprise:
(1) set up and comprise total Water, quenching part weight, quenching part cooling scope, the database of total water-cooled time that participates in quench cooled;
(2) go out the total release of heat of quenching part according to quenching part weight and quenching part cooling range computation, then according to the total Water that participates in quench cooled and total water-cooled time data, calculate the water temperature rising speed of unit time;
(3) the alternately quench cooled technique of water under water temperature-sky that settles the standard, described standard water temperature is a predefined quenching water temperature value;
(4) determine alternately each section temperature correction coefficient of shrend time under different water temperatures of quench cooled technique of water-sky;
(5) calculate revised shrend time, t according to formula
revise=K*t
standard
In formula: t
revisefor revising the rear shrend time; K is temperature correction coefficient; t
standardfor the shrend time under the standard water temperature;
(6) generate alternately quench cooled technique of revised water-sky, and carry out technique;
(7) product of processing is carried out to Performance Detection, statistical estimation, then again temperature correction coefficient is adjusted according to assessment result.
2. a kind of different quenching weight water-sky quenching technology modification method alternately according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described temperature correction coefficient takes one or more among following methods comprehensively to obtain:
Method one, cooling characteristic curve method
The method is that establishing criteria is determined at the cooling characteristic curve under different water temperatures, then to measuring sonde, the cooling rate curve in a certain temperature range carries out integration respectively, draw the area value under a certain temperature range cooling rate, can draw respectively the area value under different water temps in this way; Using the area value of standard water temperature as molecule, the area value under different water temperatures is made denominator, draws the temperature correction coefficient under different water temperatures;
Method two, coefficient of heat transfer method
The method is similar to method one, and difference is the described cooling rate curve of method one to be changed into to the coefficient of heat transfer curve of present method;
Method three, Method for Numerical
At first obtain the coefficient of heat transfer under different water temperatures by measurements and calculations, then for a certain concrete water temperature, specific product and concrete position, carry out the numerical simulation in temperature field, draw the time that is reduced to a certain temperature, this asynchronism(-nization) under different water temperatures; Time under standard temperature is done to denominator, and the time under different water temperatures is done molecule, draws the temperature correction coefficient under different water temperatures;
Method four, experience estimation method
For the product of batch production, the product performance statistics according to quenching under different water temperatures, draw temperature correction coefficient.
3. replace the quenching technology modification method according to the described a kind of different quenching weight water of claim 1 or 2-sky, it is characterized in that, described modification method is revised this shrend period according to the initial temperature of each shrend, or according to the mean value of the gentle end of a period water temperature of the initial water in each shrend process, this shrend period is revised, or according to calculating after the gentle end of a period water temperature of the initial water in each shrend process after water temperature, this shrend period is revised.
4. replace the quenching technology modification method according to the described a kind of different quenching weight water of claim 1 or 2-sky, it is characterized in that, described modification method is applicable to water, salt solution and all kinds of water-soluble medium.
5. replace the quenching technology modification method according to the described a kind of different quenching weight water of claim 1 or 2-sky, it is characterized in that, described modification method is applicable to all kinds of intermittent type quench cooled.
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